CN103966504A - 一种500MPa级低屈强比直缝焊钢管及其制造方法 - Google Patents
一种500MPa级低屈强比直缝焊钢管及其制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种500MPa级低屈强比直缝焊钢管及其制造方法,其成分重量百分比如下:C 0.11~0.16%、Si 0.15~0.35%、Mn 0.8~1.5%、V 0.06~0.15%、Al 0.002~0.04%、Ti 0~0.05%、Nb 0~0.05%、其余为Fe和不可避免杂质;且,碳当量Ceq不大于0.4。根据上述成分设计,钢水经转炉或电炉冶炼,并浇铸制成板坯;板坯经1200~1300℃加热后轧成板带,板带的终轧温度在840~940℃之间;轧后板带经层流冷却,冷却到500~560℃温度区间卷取成板卷;焊接成型后,经焊缝热处理,加热温度为950±50℃。本发明钢管具有焊接性能优良、高强韧性、低屈强比等特点,其屈服强度大于500MPa,屈强比小于0.85。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑用钢管制造方法,特别是一种焊接性能优良的屈服强度500MPa级低屈强比直缝焊钢管及其制造方法。
背景技术
我国的建筑用钢结构长期使用屈服强度235~345MPa的低碳钢和低合金钢。目前《钢结构设计规范》GB50017-2003中低合金钢的屈服强度等级已经拓展至460MPa。采用高强度等级建筑用钢管,目的是减薄钢结构断面尺寸并节省投资,但是薄断面钢结构容易出现局部和整体屈服失稳问题,从而限制了钢结构断面尺寸的减薄,使高强度等级建筑用钢材的优势不能得到发挥,因此发展高强度等级建筑用钢的当务之急是解决薄断面钢结构屈服失稳问题。在薄断面高强度等级钢管内填充混凝土形成钢管和混凝***同工作的高强度钢管混凝土结构,可以显著提高其刚度,解决结构屈服失稳问题。由于高强度钢管混凝土结构可以发挥高强度钢材和高强度混凝土的优势,节省投资、加快施工进度,是开拓高强度等级的建筑用钢市场有发展潜力的技术生长点。
相对于无缝管而言,焊管具有生产效率高、尺寸精度好、规格范围宽、成本低等显著特点,因此是生产厂家与油田用户的首选品种,一直受到市场的青睐。ERW套管的生产工艺是:炼钢-连铸-热轧成板卷-板卷头尾剪切对焊-板带成型-在线焊接-焊缝热处理或整管热处理-管加工-出厂检验等。板卷头尾剪切对焊工序是实现多卷连续生产、体现ERW焊管生产效率的关键工序。但是由于板卷头尾对焊要求材料的碳当量须低,否则容易造成钢板断带,严重影响生产效率。不仅如此,高强度钢管离心混凝土构件用做建筑用桩基往往承受极大的冲击载荷,因此在要求钢管具有良好的强韧性、低屈强比的同时,还要要求焊缝具有优良的力学性能,这样材料的碳当量Ceq要求不能大于0.4。
日本专利JP56035749A提出了ERW套管的一种方法,该套管成分中不含Ti、Nb、V、Cr等强化元素上述元素,虽然可以实现高强度的要求,而Si高达1%,焊接时焊缝容易形成灰斑,严重影响焊缝质量,并且碳当量高达0.8无法实现剪切对焊。
日本专利JP09029460A、JP54097523A、JP56069354A、JP59047364A均添加了Cu,也可能实现生产高强度套管的要求,但是由于Cu在室温基本不溶于铁素体而以ε-Cu或面心立方α-Cu的形式析出,使得钢的强化效果对于冷却速度的敏感性很大,在热轧板生产的控轧控冷过程中,热轧板的性能难以稳定控制;
日本专利JP57131346A提供一种抗沟槽腐蚀的焊管,为了减少MnS的生成,在控制低的S含量的基础上,添加一种以上Cu、Ni、Al、Cr甚至有害元素As、Sb、Sn、Bi等,或进一步添加一种以上Ti、Nb、Zr、V等,根本不能实现本发明500MPa高强韧性的要求。日本专利JP58093855A、JP59096244A都含有昂贵的Ni元素,合金成本较高,另外日本专利JP57131346A、JP58093855A的Si含量较高,难以获得优良的焊缝性能。而中国专利CN200710038400.1、CN200310104863所涉及的钢种虽然也能实现高强度、低屈强比的性能要求,但是由于C含量高,碳当量大于0.4,仅能满足剪切对焊的要求,使得生产能够连续进行,但难以获得优良的焊缝性能,无法抵抗桩管所承受的极大的冲击载荷。中国专利CN200310104863提供的钢种也能达到500MPa,但是由于成分过于简单,只能在430-470℃的卷取温度下达到所需的力学性能。在这么低的卷取温度下,热轧板的性能更难以实现稳定控制。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种500MPa级低屈强比直缝焊钢管及其制造方法,满足建筑用桩基所承受载荷的特点,具有焊接性能优良、高强韧性、低屈强比等特点,其屈服强度大于500MPa,屈强比小于0.85。
为达到上述目的,本发明的技术方案是:
本发明在材料设计上采用低碳含量,保持适当的Mn含量,添加适量V、Ti、Nb等微合金元素,通过其在控轧控冷过程中的作用来提高强度,最终获得高强韧性、低屈强比的钢管。
具体的,本发明的一种500MPa级低屈强比直缝焊钢管用钢,其成分重量百分比如下:
C 0.11~0.16%
Si 0.15~0.35%
Mn 0.8~1.5%
V 0.06~0.15%
Al 0.002~0.04%
Ti 0~0.05%
Nb 0~0.05%
其余为Fe和不可避免杂质;且,碳当量Ceq不大于0.4%。
在本发明成分设计中:
设计成分碳当量Ceq不大于0.4%,不仅可以满足剪切对焊的要求,而且还可以获得优良的焊缝性能。
C:随C含量的增高,焊接性能降低,按重量百分比,C含量不宜大于0.16%,但是C含量太低将有损材料的强度,宜采用含碳量0.11-0.16%。
Si:固溶于铁素体以提高钢的屈服强度,其含量不宜过高,应控制在0.15-0.35%。
Mn:主要溶于铁素体起强化作用,用来提高铁素体的强度,但含量太高时偏析严重,局部会产生马氏体,按重量百分比,宜采用Mn含量为0.8-1.5%。
V:钒的碳氮化物在铁素体中析出,具有稳定铁素体推迟贝氏体相变的作用,可以在控制冷却的过程中提高材料的强度,同时提高焊缝的力学性能,按重量百分比,宜采用含量0.06-0.15%。
Al:传统脱氧固氮元素,形成AlN,可以细化奥氏体晶粒,有利于提高材料的韧性,按重量百分比,宜采用含量0.002-0.04%。
Ti:强碳氮化物形成元素,形成TiN、TiC在均热和再加热过程中均可以细化奥氏体晶粒,提高焊缝的力学性能;若含量太高,易形成粗大的TiN,达不到添加的目的。按重量百分比,宜采用含量0-0.05%。
Nb:强碳氮化物形成元素,热轧时可以推迟奥氏体再结晶而达到细化晶粒在再加热过程中,可以阻碍奥氏体晶粒长大,提高材料强韧性,按重量百分比,宜采用含量0-0.05%。
根据上述合金设计方案,钢水经转炉或电炉冶炼,并浇铸制成板坯;板坯经1200-1300℃加热后轧成板带,板带的终轧温度在840~940℃之间;轧后板带经水帘层流冷却,30s内冷却到500~560℃温度区间卷取成板卷;焊接成型后,经焊缝热处理,加热温度为950±50℃。
本发明的化学成分是微合金化的碳锰钢,合金元素在1300~840℃的轧制温度范围的充分固溶于奥氏体内,水帘快速冷却抑制了碳化物的析出以及奥氏体向铁素体珠光体相变的发生,使得过冷奥氏体在500~560℃的卷取温度集中发生相变和析出碳化物,从而获得了铁素体+弥散分布的细小的碳化物的微观组织,保证了材料在获得高强度的同时,还具有低屈强比的特征。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明合金成分碳当量低,而且合金含量低,不含Mo、Ni等昂贵的合金元素,仅经焊缝热处理,钢管生产成本不高,具有重大的经济和社会效益。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步说明。
本发明实施例成分参见表1,其中Fe为余量。本发明实施例制造方法及性能参见表2。
表1单位:wt.%
C | Si | Mn | V | Al | Ti | Nb | Ceq | |
实施例1 | 0.11 | 0.15 | 1.50 | 0.12 | 0.040 | 0.01 | - | 0.38 |
实施例2 | 0.13 | 0.30 | 1.11 | 0.10 | 0.020 | - | 0.02 | 0.34 |
实施例3 | 0.12 | 0.35 | 1.42 | 0.15 | 0.002 | 0.02 | - | 0.39 |
实施例4 | 0.16 | 0.25 | 0.80 | 0.06 | 0.010 | - | 0.05 | 0.31 |
实施例5 | 0.14 | 0.20 | 0.92 | 0.09 | 0.030 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.31 |
对比例1 | 0.13 | 0.30 | 1.20 | - | 0.02 | - | 0.02 | 0.34 |
对比例2 | 0.19 | 0.35 | 1.20 | 0.12 | 0.02 | - | - | 0.41 |
表2
如表2所示,采用本发明的化学成分设计以及生产工艺制度,材料的屈服强度大于500MPa,屈强比小于0.85,0℃全尺寸冲击功大于100J,力学性能稳定。
经剪切对焊、板卷成型、ERW制管后,经焊缝热处理等工艺步骤生产ERW高强度钢管,实施例1-5的强度均可满足屈服强度大于500MPa的要求。比较例1的成分简单,不含V元素,在本发明的卷取温度下远达不到屈服强度大于500MPa的要求;比较例2的C含量较高,材料的冲击韧性显著下降,不能满足建筑桩基用钢对冲击载荷的苛刻要求。可见,采用本发明所设计的化学成分和工艺制度,可以稳定生产出满足屈服强度大于500MPa的高性能要求的ERW钢管。
Claims (2)
1.一种500MPa级低屈强比直缝焊钢管,其成分重量百分比如下:
C 0.11~0.16%
Si 0.15~0.35%
Mn 0.8~1.5%
V 0.06~0.15%
Al 0.002~0.04%
Ti 0~0.05%
Nb 0~0.05%
其余为Fe和不可避免杂质;且,碳当量Ceq≤0.4;
并通过下述方法获得:钢水经转炉或电炉冶炼,并浇铸制成板坯;板坯经1200~1300℃加热后轧成板带,板带的终轧温度在840~940℃之间;轧后板带经水帘层流冷却,30秒内冷却到500~560℃温度区间卷取成板卷;焊接成型后,经焊缝热处理,加热温度为950±50℃;钢管屈服强度大于500MPa,屈强比小于0.85。
2.一种500MPa级低屈强比直缝焊钢管的制造方法,钢水经转炉或电炉冶炼,并浇铸制成板坯,其成分重量百分比如下:C 0.11~0.16%、Si0.15~0.35%、Mn 0.8~1.5%、V 0.06~0.15%、Al 0.002~0.04%、Ti 0~0.05%、Nb 0~0.05%、其余为Fe和不可避免杂质;且,碳当量Ceq不大于0.4;板坯经1200~1300℃加热后轧成板带,板带的终轧温度在840~940℃之间;轧后板带经水帘层流冷却,30秒内冷却到500~560℃温度区间卷取成板卷;焊接成型后,经焊缝热处理,加热温度为950±50℃;获得钢管的屈服强度大于500MPa,屈强比小于0.85。
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