CN103952731B - Electro-deposition preparation method of the bionical texturing chrome plating of convex closure shape and uses thereof - Google Patents
Electro-deposition preparation method of the bionical texturing chrome plating of convex closure shape and uses thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses electro-deposition preparation method of the bionical texturing chrome plating of a kind of convex closure shape and uses thereof; Described method comprises the steps: until depositing base material surface after sanding and polishing, oil removing, acid-wash activation, pre-deposition are processed, and the acid plating chromic electrolyte that is placed in temperature and is 35～70 DEG C carries out electro-deposition, prepares convex closure shape texturing crome metal coating; Described electro-deposition journey adopts ladder to rise and pulse square wave combination current; Last heat treatment 0.5～2.0 hour at the temperature of 200～400 DEG C. Adopt method of the present invention to prepare texturing chrome plating in component surface, coating surface presents convex closure shape projection, is evenly distributed; Peak density Pc is controlled, adjustable within the scope of 50～200/cm; Surface roughness Ra wide ranges, adjustable in 0.5～6.0 micrometer range; Texturing chrome plating and basal body binding force are good, and case hardness can reach 700～1100Hv; Texturing coating has excellent anti-wear performance.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is the electro-deposition preparation method of the bionical texturing coating of a kind of convex closure shape, is specifically related to a kind of convex closureElectro-deposition preparation method of the bionical texturing chrome plating of shape and uses thereof.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the continuous lifting of design of material process technology level and the fast development of bionical tribology, scientific researchWorker has found that (traditional tribology theory is thought: smooth wear amount is got on the surface being in contact with one another with traditional tribology theoryLess) some new phenomenons of runing counter to: 1. frictional force being not exclusively directly proportional to surface roughness, when slide unit slightly surperficialWhen rugosity reaches micro/nano level or atom level, frictional force increases on the contrary greatly; 2. in friction system, surface roughnessReduction can not reduce friction factor and wearing and tearing; 3. surface is not more smooth just more wear-resisting, has certain non-smooth morphologySurface has better wear resistence on the contrary, and these achievements in research have promoted the fast development of surface biomimetic texturing tribology,And become the popular research field in tribology.
Surface biomimetic texturing tribology is according to natural inspiration, uses for reference plant and animal natural evolution shape over 1 yearsSurperficial non-smooth structure that become, excellent performance, artificial design applies it in actual life, and material surface is hadExcellent control friction, reduce the characteristic of wearing and tearing and anti-adhesive. Existing research shows: based on the principle of bionical tribology,The bionical micro-structural of material surface can have (comprising surface micro-pit, surperficial microprotrusion, Surface Texture, non-smooth surface)Effect is improved the tribological property of slidingsurface. Under DRY SLIDING, bionical micro-hole can store in process of friction and wear and produceAbrasive dust or microparticle, thereby reduce rub and reduce wear and tear. And under lubricant medium condition, on slidingsurface, distributeBionical micro-hole can form hydrodynamic lubrication film, has good antifriction antiwear effect.
Existing bionic surface texturing preparation method mainly contains: laser surface texture technology, (i) GA technology, reactive ionEtching technique, pressure lithography, numerical control vibrating machine process technology and electrochemical Machining Technology etc. These technology are all at base materialSurface is directly carried out microcell processing and is realized texturing, manufactures skill but most existing texturing technology still belongs to " subtracting material "Art, mainly forms single pit or groove as main on surface in the mode such as etching, impression, have texturing designSingle, easily cause the variation of substrate performance (for example to adopt laser technology to carry out texturing on high-velocity forging steel roll surfaceTime, due to remelting of microcell unit etc., can cause component segregation, wear resistance decrease).
Electro-deposition techniques (comprising plating, electroforming) is a kind of traditional process for modifying surface, have selection extensively, performanceThe advantage such as can design, belong to the technology category that coating " increasing material " is manufactured, incrustation, functionalized modification, corrosion protection,The fields such as Wear-resistant are widely used, but in prior art, do not utilize electro-deposition techniques realize surface-texturing manufactureRelevant report.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to be to overcome the deficiency that above-mentioned prior art exists, provide a kind of convex closure shape bionical texturing chromiumElectro-deposition preparation method of coating and uses thereof. The present invention utilizes electro-deposition techniques to realize surface-texturing manufacture, undoubtedly canGreatly expand material type range of application, enrich texture process technology method.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The present invention relates to the electro-deposition preparation method of the bionical texturing crome metal of a kind of convex closure shape coating, described method comprise asLower step:
Step 1, treat that depositing base material surface is through sanding and polishing, oil removing, acid-wash activation, pre-deposition processing;
Step 2, matrix material after treatment described pre-deposition is placed in to temperature is the acid plating chromic electrolyte of 35～70 DEG CCarry out electro-deposition, prepare convex closure shape texturing crome metal coating; Electrodeposition process adopts ladder to rise and square-wave pulse combinationElectric current;
Step 3, the heat treatment 0.5～2.0 at the temperature of 200～400 DEG C of described convex closure shape texturing crome metal coating are littleTime.
Preferably, in step 1, described sanding and polishing is to treating that depositing base material surface roughness is 0.1～0.5 micron.
Preferably, in step 2, described acid plating chromic electrolyte adopts deionized water configuration, each group of comprising following contentPoint:
Preferably, in described acid plating chromic electrolyte, sulfuric acid content is 2.4g/L. Under this sulfuric acid concentration, deposition velocity is fast,The coating finish obtaining is best.
Preferably, described molecular weight polyethylene glycol is 4000～20000. More preferably 6000～10000, optimal selection is8000. In the time that molecular weight polyethylene glycol is less than 4000, cannot play the modification effect to coating surface, the convex closure shape obtainingBody structure surface is coarse and size is inhomogeneous.
Preferably, the total content of described polyethylene glycol and isethionic acid is 0.1～3g/L, wherein, and polyethylene glycol and hydroxylThe weight ratio of ethylsulfonic acid is (1.0～2.0): (0.5～1.0). Most preferred weight ratio is 1.5: 1.0. This conditionThe convex closure structure that lower deposition obtains is full, smooth surface, and size uniform, produces without burr.
Preferably, in step 2, described ladder ascending current is that current density is by 0A/dm2, I1, I2, I3 rise successivelyThree stage ladder ascending currents (as shown in Figure 1); Current density I1 is 15～30% of current density I3, and electric current is closeDegree I2 is 70～80% of current density I3, and current density I3 is 90～200A/dm2。
Preferably, first stage A1 section initial current density is by 0A/dm2Rise to current density I1 and keep T2 through the T1 timeTime, current density I1 gets 20～40A/dm2, be 15～30% of high workload electric current I 3, T1 gets 10～30s, and T2 gets 60～120s。
Preferably, second stage A2 section initial current density by I1 in the time that the T3 time rises to current density I2 and keeps T4Between, current density I2 is 70～150A/dm2, be 70～80% of high workload electric current I 3, T3 gets 30～60s, and T4 gets 120～180s。
Preferably, phase III A3 section initial current density rises to high workload electric current I 3 by I2 through the T5 time, when risingBetween T5 get 10～30s.
Preferably, in step 2, the average working current density I3 of described pulse square wave waveform B section is 90～200A/dm2，Square wave amplitude Δ I is 10～30A/dm2, frequency f is 100～1000Hz, retention time T6 is 600s～2500s.
The present invention adopts ladder to rise and square-wave pulse combination current, has realized the Effective Regulation to convex closure forming core and growth,Shape and the distribution of convex closure are improved. Reduced the excessive and crackle that produces of coating stress simultaneously. If do not adopted combined electricalThe mode of stream, cannot obtain convex closure size uniform, the chrome plating good with substrate caking power.
Preferably, in step 3, the surface roughness of the convex closure shape texturing crome metal coating after heat treatment is 1.0～6.0Micron, peak density are that 50～200/cm, surperficial Vickers hardness can reach 700～1100Hv, and thickness is 25～60 microns.
The invention still further relates to wearing face, the guiding transfer surface system of a kind of above-mentioned electro-deposition preparation method at mechanical componentThe purposes of standby texturing chrome plating.
Preferably, described mechanical component is the Mechanical Contact member of surface smoothing contact. As: axle sleeve, bearing, various workRod, belt steel roller or print roller etc. for industry.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect: adopt method of the present invention to prepare in component surface protrudingThe bionical texturing chrome plating of bag shape, coating surface presents convex closure shape projection, is evenly distributed; Peak density Pc is controlled, canWithin the scope of 50～200/cm, adjust; Surface roughness Ra wide ranges can be adjusted in 0.5～6.0 micrometer range; KnitStructure chrome plating and basal body binding force are good, and case hardness can reach 700～1100Hv; Texturing coating has the resistance to of excellenceMill performance.
Brief description of the drawings
By reading the detailed description of non-limiting example being done with reference to the following drawings, further feature of the present invention, orderWill become more obvious with advantage:
Fig. 1 be the bionical texturing coating of current density waveform-generation convex closure shape current density over time process showIntention;
Fig. 2 is the bionical texturing coating surface of convex closure shape optical microscope photograph;
Fig. 3 is the bionical texturing coating surface of convex closure shape laser confocal microscope photo, and wherein, A is coating surface morphologyPhoto, B is the surface topography map that comprises elevation information;
Fig. 4 is the bionical texturing coating of convex closure shape roll member and microstructure schematic diagram; Wherein, A is surface deposition convex closureThe bionical texturing coating of shape roll member photo, the light micrograph that B is roller surface.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail. Following examples will contribute to the technology people of this areaMember further understands the present invention, but does not limit in any form the present invention. It should be pointed out that the common skill to this areaArt personnel, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement. These all belong toProtection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment relates to the electro-deposition preparation method of the bionical texturing crome metal of convex closure shape coating, and described method comprises as followsStep:
Step 1: choosing typical 8Cr5MoV Cold Work Roll Material is matrix material, surperficial through sanding and polishing, surface roughnessIt is 0.2～0.3 micron; After conventional oil removing, acid-wash activation, high chlorine nickel electrolyte pre-deposition nickel are processed, carry out electricity and sinkLong-pending crome metal texturing coating processing.
Step 2: adopt following formula solution:
Adopt chromic anhydride (chemical pure), sulfuric acid (analyzing pure), polyethylene glycol (top grade is pure) and the ethoxy sulphur of traditional Chinese medicines groupAcid is raw material. The electrolyte temperature that adopts is 50～60 DEG C; The current waveform figure adopting as shown in brief description of the drawings Fig. 1,Ladder rising waveform A section progressively promoted by three stages, and first stage A1 section initial current density is by 0A/dm2On 15sRise to current density 30A/dm2And keep 90s; Second stage A2 section initial current density is by 30A/dm2Rise through 40sTo current density 120A/dm2And keep 140s; Phase III A3 section initial current density is by 120A/dm2Rise through 15sExtremely high workload electric current 150A/dm2, then adopting B section pulse square wave waveform, average working current density is 150A/dm2，Amplitude Δ I is 15A/dm2, frequency f is 400～600Hz, the retention time is 600～2500s;
Step 3: the crome metal coating after deposition processes is heat-treated 1 hour at the temperature of 250 DEG C.
Through the prepared bionical texturing chrome plating of the present embodiment adopting process parameter, surperficial convex closure shape pattern random distribution,Size uniform, surface roughness is Ra1.90～3.50 micron, and peak density Pc is 90～160/cm, and thickness is 20～60 microns, case hardness 1000Hv. The freely falling body hammering that is 60cm through 500g weight, stroke test 100 times, without brightThe aobvious disrepair phenomenon that comes off, binding force of cladding material is good. The anti-wear performance of coating is good, on ring block type friction wear testing machineCompleted the test of cladding wearability energy, contact stress 240MPa, weares and teares 60 hours, and surface roughness Ra declines 18%.Shown in the visible accompanying drawing 2,3 of typical convex closure shape pattern of the prepared surface-texturing coating of this optimization embodiment; By Fig. 2,3Known, the convex closure topographic profile of coating is random, size uniform. Prepared overall 8Cr5MoV roll contracts than part as accompanying drawing 4Shown in, as shown in Figure 4: convex closure structure is obvious, coating is evenly distributed on whole roll surface, without peeling, defect comes off.The prepared texturing coating of this embodiment can be used for wearing face, guiding transfer surface, particularly belt steel roller, transmissionRoller, print roller etc.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment relates to the electro-deposition preparation method of the bionical texturing crome metal of convex closure shape coating, and described method comprises as followsStep:
Step 1: choosing typical 9Cr2Mo Cold Work Roll Material is matrix material, surperficial through sanding and polishing, surface roughnessIt is 0.1～0.2 micron; After conventional oil removing, acid-wash activation, high chlorine nickel electrolyte pre-deposition nickel are processed, carry out electricity and sinkLong-pending crome metal texturing coating processing.
Step 2: adopt following formula solution:
The electrolyte temperature that adopts is 60～70 DEG C; The current waveform figure adopting is as shown in brief description of the drawings Fig. 1, on ladderRise waveform A section and progressively promote by three stages, first stage A1 section initial current density is by 0A/dm2Rise to electricity through 10sCurrent density 20A/dm2And keep 60s; Second stage A2 section initial current density is by 20A/dm2Rise to electric current through 30sDensity 70A/dm2And keep 120s; Phase III A3 section initial current density is by 70A/dm2Rise to senior engineer through 10sMake electric current 90A/dm2, then adopting B section pulse square wave waveform, average working current density is 90A/dm2, amplitude Δ IFor 10A/dm2, frequency f is 500～1000Hz, the retention time is 800～1200s;
Step 3: the crome metal coating after deposition processes is heat-treated 2 hours at the temperature of 200 DEG C.
Through the prepared bionical texturing chrome plating of the present embodiment adopting process parameter, surperficial convex closure shape pattern random distribution,Size uniform, surface roughness is Ra1.00～2.0 micron, and peak density Pc is 150～200/cm, and surperficial Vickers is hardDegree 700～800Hv. The anti-wear performance of coating is good, has completed cladding wearability energy on ring block type friction wear testing machineTest, contact stress 240MPa, weares and teares 60 hours, surface roughness Ra decline 10%.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment relates to the electro-deposition preparation method of the bionical texturing crome metal of convex closure shape coating, and described method comprises as followsStep:
Step 1: choosing 9Cr3Mo Cold Work Roll Material is matrix material, surface is through sanding and polishing, and surface roughness is 0.3～0.5 micron; Through conventional oil removing, acid-wash activation, carry out the processing of electrodeposit metals chromium texturing coating.
Step 2: adopt following formula solution:
The electrolyte temperature that adopts is 35～50 DEG C; The current waveform figure adopting is as shown in brief description of the drawings Fig. 1, on ladderRise waveform A section and progressively promote by three stages, first stage A1 section initial current density is by 0A/dm2Rise to electricity through 30sCurrent density 40A/dm2And keep 120s; Second stage A2 section initial current density is by 40A/dm2Rise to electric current through 60sDensity 150A/dm2And keep 180s; Phase III A3 section initial current density is by 150A/dm2Rise to the highest through 30sOperating current 200A/dm2, then adopting B section pulse square wave waveform, average working current density is 200A/dm2, amplitudeΔ I is 30A/dm2, frequency f is 100～500Hz, the retention time is 600～1200s;
Step 3: the crome metal coating after deposition processes is heat-treated 0.5 hour at the temperature of 400 DEG C.
Through the prepared bionical texturing chrome plating of the present embodiment adopting process parameter, surperficial convex closure shape pattern random distribution,Size uniform, surface roughness is Ra4.0～6.0 micron, peak density Pc is 50～80/cm, surperficial Vickers hardness 700～800Hv. The anti-wear performance of coating is good, has completed the test of cladding wearability energy on ring block type friction wear testing machine,Contact stress 240MPa, weares and teares 60 hours, and surface roughness Ra declines 23%.
Above specific embodiments of the invention are described. It will be appreciated that, the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned spyDetermine embodiment, those skilled in the art can make various distortion or amendment within the scope of the claims, and this is shadow notRing flesh and blood of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. an electro-deposition preparation method for the bionical texturing crome metal of convex closure shape coating, is characterized in that, described methodComprise the steps:
Step 1, treat that depositing base material surface is through sanding and polishing, oil removing, acid-wash activation, pre-deposition processing;
Step 2, matrix material after treatment described pre-deposition is placed in to temperature is the acid plating chromic electrolyte of 35～70 DEG CCarry out electro-deposition, prepare convex closure shape texturing crome metal coating; Described electrodeposition process adopts ladder to rise and pulse square waveCombination current;
Step 3, the heat treatment 0.5～2.0 at the temperature of 200～400 DEG C of described convex closure shape texturing crome metal coating are littleTime;
In step 2, described ladder ascending current is that current density is by 0A/dm2, I1, I2, I3 three stages of rising successivelyLadder ascending current; Wherein, I1 is I3 15～30%, and I2 is I3 70～80%, and I3 is 90～200A/dm2；The average working current density of described pulse square wave electric current is 90～200A/dm2, square wave amplitude Δ I is 10～30A/dm2，Frequency is 100～1000Hz, and the retention time is 600s～2500s.
2. the electro-deposition preparation method of the bionical texturing crome metal of convex closure shape as claimed in claim 1 coating, its featureBe, in step 1, described sanding and polishing is to treating that depositing base material surface roughness is 0.1～0.5 micron.
3. the electro-deposition preparation method of the bionical texturing crome metal of convex closure shape as claimed in claim 1 coating, its featureBe, in step 2, in described acid plating chromic electrolyte, contain 150～400g/L chromic anhydride, 2.0～3.0g/L sulfuric acid,0.01～3.0g/L polyethylene glycol, 0.01～2.5g/L isethionic acid.
4. the electro-deposition preparation method of the bionical texturing crome metal of convex closure shape as claimed in claim 3 coating, its featureBe, described molecular weight polyethylene glycol is 4000～20000.
5. the electro-deposition preparation method of the bionical texturing crome metal of convex closure shape as claimed in claim 3 coating, its featureBe, the total content of described polyethylene glycol and isethionic acid is 0.1～3g/L, wherein, and polyethylene glycol and ethoxy sulphurThe weight ratio of acid is (1.0～2.0): (0.5～1.0).
6. the electro-deposition preparation method of the bionical texturing crome metal of convex closure shape as claimed in claim 1 coating, its featureBe, the first stage, initial current density was by 0A/dm2Rise to 20～40A/dm through 10～30s2And keep 60～120s.
7. the electro-deposition preparation method of the bionical texturing crome metal of convex closure shape as claimed in claim 1 coating, its featureBe, second stage initial current density is by 20～40A/dm2Rise to 70～150A/dm through 30～60s2And keep120～180s。
8. the electro-deposition preparation method of the bionical texturing crome metal of convex closure shape as claimed in claim 1 coating, its featureBe, the phase III, initial current density was by 70～150A/dm2Rise to 90～200A/dm through 10～30s2。
9. the electro-deposition preparation method of the bionical texturing crome metal of convex closure shape as claimed in claim 1 coating, its feature existsIn, in step 3, the surface roughness of the convex closure shape texturing crome metal coating after heat treatment is 1.0～6.0 microns, peakValue density is that 50～200/cm, surperficial Vickers hardness can reach 700～1100Hv, and thickness is 25～60 microns.
The employing electro-deposition preparation method as described in any one in right 1～9 the wearing face of mechanical component,Guiding transfer surface is prepared the purposes in texturing chrome plating.
11. purposes as claimed in claim 10, is characterized in that, described mechanical component is the machine of surface smoothing contactTool contact member.
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| CN1307652A (en) * | 1998-06-26 | 2001-08-08 | 克罗米表面处理技术股份有限公司 | Galvanic bath, method for producing structured hard chromium layers and use thereof |
| CN103451695A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2013-12-18 | 烟台星辉航空液压机械有限公司 | High corrosion resistance nano nickel and crack-free micro hard chrome composite plating layer electroplate liquid and electroplated layer manufacturing technology |
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| CN1307652A (en) * | 1998-06-26 | 2001-08-08 | 克罗米表面处理技术股份有限公司 | Galvanic bath, method for producing structured hard chromium layers and use thereof |
| CN103451695A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2013-12-18 | 烟台星辉航空液压机械有限公司 | High corrosion resistance nano nickel and crack-free micro hard chrome composite plating layer electroplate liquid and electroplated layer manufacturing technology |
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