CN103951528A - Controlled release compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Controlled release compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103951528A CN103951528A CN201410225270.2A CN201410225270A CN103951528A CN 103951528 A CN103951528 A CN 103951528A CN 201410225270 A CN201410225270 A CN 201410225270A CN 103951528 A CN103951528 A CN 103951528A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a controlled release compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof and belongs to the technical field of agricultural fertilizers. The controlled release compound fertilizer comprises a controlled release fertilizer additive, wherein the weight ratio of the controlled release fertilizer additive to a fertilizer is (1-8):100; the controlled release fertilizer additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 39.75-49.50 parts of bentonite, 39.75-49.50 parts of montmorillonite, 1.00-14.50 parts of polyacrylamide, 0-0.50 part of chitosan, 0-1.00 part of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0-0.50 part of DMPP and 0-1.00 part of DA-6. The fertilizer has the advantages of long fertilizer efficiency, good environmental friendliness, low cost and the like. Not only are nutrients in the fertilizer effectively wrapped not to run off, but also absorption of the fertilizer by crops is not affected, so that the long-acting purpose is realized, and the fertilizer is an ideal environment-friendly fertilizer.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural fertilizer technical field, be specifically related to a kind of control mistake type composite fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
China is large agricultural country, and rate of fertilizer also ranks among the best in the whole world.But, also quite serious because the water that fertilizer loss causes pollutes.Controlling the loss of fertilizer, is to reduce the matter of utmost importance that water pollutes.The outer a lot of scientific research institutions of Present Domestic all can meet plant growth demand in research and development, reduce the new-type fertilizer of nutrient loss.Existing slow-release fertilizer or Controlled Release Fertilizer are with film-coating technique, to slow down the release of fertilizer, thereby reach, slow down fertilizer release rate, this kind of fertilizer can only discharge fertilizer according to its specific speed, and can not fully meet the regulation of fertilizer requirement of crop, and production cost is higher, be difficult to be accepted by vast farmers, be unfavorable for large-scale promotion application, research and develop a kind of more environmental protection, more effective, more economical, more practical control mistake technology has become agriculture production problem demanding prompt solution.
China widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area problem is more serious in addition.Widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area occurs in region, agriculture and countryside, refer in life in the countryside and Agricultural Activities, pollutent dissolving or solid, as organic or inorganic materials such as the grogs in farmland, nitrogen, phosphorus element, agricultural chemicals heavy metal, rural area fowl and animal excrement and domestic refuses, from unspecific region, under precipitation and runoff souring, by agricultural surface runoff, farmland drainage and underground leakage, make a large amount of pollutents enter the caused pollution of receiving water body (river, lake, reservoir, bay).Wherein main factor is exactly the water pollution that a large amount of losses of fertilizer cause.Only have effective control fertilizer loss, could effectively alleviate water pollution, so develop a kind of low-cost environment-friendly chemical fertilizer control mistake technology, seem very necessary.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is in order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of control mistake type composite fertilizer and preparation method thereof is provided, it is long that this fertilizer has fertilizer efficiency, and the feature of environmental protection is good, low cost and other advantages.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A control mistake type composite fertilizer, comprises control mistake type fertilizer additive, and described control mistake type fertilizer additive and the weight ratio of fertilizer are=1-8:100;
Described control mistake type fertilizer additive comprises the following raw material according to parts by weight meter: wilkinite 39.75-49.50 part, montmorillonite 39.75-49.50 part, polyacrylamide 1.00-14.50 part, chitosan 0-0.50 part, sodium nitrophenolate 0-1.00 part, DMPP 0-0.50 part and DA-6 0-1.00 part.
Described control mistake type fertilizer comprises the following raw material according to parts by weight meter: monoammonium phosphate 4.5-35.0 part, ammonium nitrate 24.6-44.6 part, ammonium sulfate 1.5-11.5 part, potassium sulfate 22.0-47.0 part, Repone K 1.0-9.0 part, borax 0.2-2.0 part, zinc sulfate 0.2-2.0 part, magnesium sulfate 0.2-10.0 part, diammonium phosphate 0-20.0 part, saltpetre 0-40.0 part, ammonium chloride 0-38.0 part, bicarbonate of ammonia 0-15.0 part, ammonium nitrate phosphorus 0-35.0 part, urea 0-20.0 part, general calcium 0-20.0 part, coarse whiting 0-15.0 part and control mistake type fertilizer additive 0.99-7.41 part.
Nitrogen (N) in described control mistake type compound fertilizer formula: phosphorus (P
2o
5): potassium (K
2o) nutrient mass ratio is 4-20:4-18:4-32.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of controlling mistake type composite fertilizer, comprises the steps:
Step (1): according to parts by weight meter, weigh monoammonium phosphate 4.5-35.0 part, ammonium nitrate 24.6-44.6 part, ammonium sulfate 1.5-11.5 part, potassium sulfate 22.0-47.0 part, Repone K 1.0-9.0 part, borax 0.2-2.0 part, zinc sulfate 0.2-2.0 part, magnesium sulfate 0.2-10.0 part, diammonium phosphate 0-20.0 part, saltpetre 0-40.0 part, ammonium chloride 0-38.0 part, bicarbonate of ammonia 0-15.0 part, ammonium nitrate phosphorus 0-35.0 part, urea 0-20.0 part, general calcium 0-20.0 part and coarse whiting 0-15.0 part, then physical mixed is even, standby, obtain mixed fertilizer;
Step (2): 0.99-7.41 part control mistake type fertilizer additive is joined in the mixed fertilizer that step (1) makes and fully mixed, jointly carry out the granulation of composite fertilizer routine to mixing all with rear, obtain controlling mistake type composite fertilizer.
With formula in nitrogen (N): phosphorus (P
2o
5): potassium (K
2o) nutrient mass ratio is that 15:6:20 is example, and the technical indicator of control mistake type composite fertilizer of the present invention is: nitrogen (N)>=15%; Phosphorus (P
2o
5)>=6%; Potassium (K
2o)>=20%.The control mistake type fertilizer additive of this product is evenly distributed, and has good loss controlling.
Control mistake type composite fertilizer and existing ordinary compound fertilizer that the present invention produces relatively have the following advantages:
1, fertilizer efficiency is long; Controlled release agent can form a floccular network structure in soil, and effectively the nutrient in Wrapped fertilizer does not run off, and does not but affect the absorption of crop to fertilizer, thereby reaches long-acting object;
2, more environmental protection; Because of the loss controlling of fertilizer, can effectively reduce fertilizer loss, reduce nitrogen, the pollution of phosphorus to soil, water body, thereby reach the object of protection of the environment.Meanwhile, as wilkinite and the montmorillonite of controlling mistake type fertilizer additive, be described as natural nano-material, come from nature, be attributed to nature, harmless to environment, also there is the effect that improves Soil structure;
3, cost is low; Because control mistake type composite fertilizer can effectively reduce loss, extend fertilizer efficiency, thus overall rate of fertilizer application can be reduced, thus reduce production costs;
4, control fertilizer loss: this control mistake type composite fertilizer is compared control mistake rate with ordinary compound fertilizer be 50%-80%, can effectively control fertilizer loss.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the cylindricality schematic diagram of control mistake type composite fertilizer of the present invention on the impact of Chinese cabbage surviving rate;
Fig. 2 is the cylindricality schematic diagram of control mistake type composite fertilizer of the present invention on the impact of the Chinese cabbage number of sheets;
Fig. 3 is the cylindricality schematic diagram of control mistake type composite fertilizer of the present invention on the impact of Chinese cabbage plant height;
Fig. 4 is the cylindricality schematic diagram of control mistake type composite fertilizer of the present invention on the impact of Chinese cabbage hat width;
Fig. 5 is the experimental plot distribution schematic diagram that control mistake type composite fertilizer of the present invention is tested at planting asparagus, and 11-processes 1,12-and processes 2,13-processing, 3,14-processing, 4,15-processing 5.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
The present invention is as without particular requirement, and the medicine using and instrument are common commercially available prod.
Wherein, DMPP chemical name is 3,4-dimethyl pyrazole phosphoric acid salt
DA-6 chemical name is diethylamino ethanol caproate.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment control mistake type fertilizer additive is: according to parts by weight meter, by 39.75 parts of wilkinites, 1.00 parts of 39.75 parts of montmorillonites and polyacrylamides mix, and obtain controlling mistake type fertilizer additive;
A kind of mistake type fertilizer of controlling comprises the following raw material according to parts by weight meter: 4.5 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 24.6 parts, ammonium nitrate, 1.5 parts, ammonium sulfate, 22.0 parts of potassium sulfate, 1.0 parts, Repone K, 0.2 part of borax, 0.2 part, zinc sulfate, 0.99 part of 0.2 part, magnesium sulfate and control mistake type fertilizer additive.
Nitrogen (N) in this control mistake type compound fertilizer formula: phosphorus (P
2o
5): potassium (K
2o) nutrient mass ratio is 16:4:21.
The preparation method of the present embodiment control mistake type composite fertilizer, comprises the steps:
Step (1): according to parts by weight meter, weigh the monoammonium phosphate of above-mentioned weight, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, Repone K, borax, zinc sulfate and magnesium sulfate, then physical mixed is even, standby, obtains mixed fertilizer;
Step (2): the control mistake type fertilizer additive of above-mentioned parts by weight is joined in the mixed fertilizer that step (1) makes and fully mixed, jointly carry out the granulation of composite fertilizer routine to mixing all with rear, obtain controlling mistake type composite fertilizer.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment control mistake type fertilizer additive is: according to parts by weight meter by 49.50 parts of wilkinites, 49.50 parts of montmorillonites, 14.50 parts of polyacrylamides, 0.50 part of chitosan, 1.00 parts of sodium nitrophenolates, 1.00 parts of 0.50 part of DMPP and DA-6 mix, and obtain controlling mistake type fertilizer additive;
A kind of mistake type fertilizer of controlling comprises the following raw material according to parts by weight meter: 35.0 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 44.6 parts, ammonium nitrate, 11.5 parts, ammonium sulfate, 47.0 parts of potassium sulfate, 9.0 parts, Repone K, 2.0 parts of boraxs, 2.0 parts, zinc sulfate, 10.0 parts, magnesium sulfate, 20.0 parts of diammonium phosphate, 40.0 parts, saltpetre, 38.0 parts of ammonium chlorides, 15.0 parts, bicarbonate of ammonia, 35.0 parts, ammonium nitrate phosphorus, 20.0 parts, urea, 20.0 parts of general calcium, 7.41 parts of 15.0 parts of coarse whitings and control mistake type fertilizer additives.
Nitrogen (N) in this control mistake type compound fertilizer formula: phosphorus (P
2o
5): potassium (K
2o) nutrient mass ratio is 14:10:12.
The preparation method of the present embodiment control mistake type composite fertilizer, comprises the steps:
Step (1): according to parts by weight meter, weigh the monoammonium phosphate of above-mentioned weight, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, Repone K, borax, zinc sulfate, magnesium sulfate, diammonium phosphate, saltpetre, urea, ammonium chloride, bicarbonate of ammonia, ammonium nitrate phosphorus, general calcium and coarse whiting, then physical mixed is even, standby, obtains mixed fertilizer;
Step (2): the control mistake type fertilizer additive of above-mentioned parts by weight is joined in the mixed fertilizer that step (1) makes and fully mixed, jointly carry out the granulation of composite fertilizer routine to mixing all with rear, obtain controlling mistake type composite fertilizer.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment control mistake type fertilizer additive is: according to parts by weight meter by 42.20 parts of wilkinites, 45.00 parts of montmorillonites, 9.50 parts of polyacrylamides, 0.30 part of chitosan, 0.70 part of sodium nitrophenolate, 0.25 part of DMPP and DA-60.48 part mix, and obtain controlling mistake type fertilizer additive;
A kind of mistake type fertilizer of controlling comprises the following raw material according to parts by weight meter: 20.0 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 40.0 parts, ammonium nitrate, 8.5 parts, ammonium sulfate, 35.0 parts of potassium sulfate, 6.0 parts, Repone K, 1.0 parts of boraxs, 1.2 parts, zinc sulfate, 5.3 parts, magnesium sulfate, 12.0 parts of diammonium phosphate, 10.0 parts, saltpetre, 30.0 parts of ammonium chlorides, 7.0 parts, bicarbonate of ammonia, 15.0 parts, ammonium nitrate phosphorus, 6.0 parts, urea, 8.0 parts of general calcium, 2.1 parts of 5.0 parts of coarse whitings and control mistake type fertilizer additives.
Nitrogen (N) in this control mistake type compound fertilizer formula: phosphorus (P
2o
5): potassium (K
2o) nutrient mass ratio is 14:9:12.
The preparation method of the present embodiment control mistake type composite fertilizer, comprises the steps:
Step (1): according to parts by weight meter, weigh the monoammonium phosphate of above-mentioned weight, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, Repone K, borax, zinc sulfate, magnesium sulfate, diammonium phosphate, saltpetre, urea, ammonium chloride, bicarbonate of ammonia, ammonium nitrate phosphorus, general calcium and coarse whiting, then physical mixed is even, standby, obtains mixed fertilizer;
Step (2): the control mistake type fertilizer additive of above-mentioned parts by weight is joined in the mixed fertilizer that step (1) makes and fully mixed, jointly carry out the granulation of composite fertilizer routine to mixing all with rear, obtain controlling mistake type composite fertilizer.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment control mistake type fertilizer additive is: according to parts by weight meter by 44.60 parts of wilkinites, 40.00 parts of montmorillonites, 7.60 parts of polyacrylamides, 0.38 part of chitosan, 0.64 part of sodium nitrophenolate, 0.40 part of DMPP0.20 part and DA-6 mix, and obtain controlling mistake type fertilizer additive;
A kind of mistake type fertilizer of controlling comprises the following raw material according to parts by weight meter: 15.5 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 35.0 parts, ammonium nitrate, 3.0 parts, ammonium sulfate, 25.0 parts of potassium sulfate, 2.0 parts, Repone K, 0.3 part of borax, 0.3 part, zinc sulfate, 0.4 part, magnesium sulfate, 3.0 parts, saltpetre, 3.5 parts of ammonium chlorides, 2.5 parts, bicarbonate of ammonia, 7.4 parts of 2.0 parts of coarse whitings and control mistake type fertilizer additives.
Nitrogen (N) in this control mistake type compound fertilizer formula: phosphorus (P
2o
5): potassium (K
2o) nutrient mass ratio is 17:9:16.
The preparation method of the present embodiment control mistake type composite fertilizer, comprises the steps:
Step (1): according to parts by weight meter, weigh the monoammonium phosphate of above-mentioned weight, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, Repone K, borax, zinc sulfate, magnesium sulfate, saltpetre, ammonium chloride, bicarbonate of ammonia and coarse whiting, then physical mixed is even, standby, obtains mixed fertilizer;
Step (2): the control mistake type fertilizer additive of above-mentioned parts by weight is joined in the mixed fertilizer that step (1) makes and fully mixed, jointly carry out the granulation of composite fertilizer routine to mixing all with rear, obtain controlling mistake type composite fertilizer.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment control mistake type fertilizer additive is: according to parts by weight meter by 45.20 parts of wilkinites, 48.50 parts of montmorillonites, 11.50 parts of polyacrylamides, 0.50 part of sodium nitrophenolate, and 0.25 part of DA-6 mixes, and obtains controlling mistake type fertilizer additive;
A kind of mistake type fertilizer of controlling comprises the following raw material according to parts by weight meter: 8.0 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 32.0 parts, ammonium nitrate, 6.5 parts, ammonium sulfate, 35.5 parts of potassium sulfate, 5.0 parts, Repone K, 1.5 parts of boraxs, 0.8 part, zinc sulfate, 5.5 parts, magnesium sulfate, 12.5 parts of diammonium phosphate, 8.5 parts, bicarbonate of ammonia, 12.5 parts of ammonium chlorides, 20.5 parts, urea, 6.5 parts of 15.0 parts of general calcium and control mistake type fertilizer additives.
Nitrogen (N) in this control mistake type compound fertilizer formula: phosphorus (P
2o
5): potassium (K
2o) nutrient mass ratio is 14:7:15.
The preparation method of the present embodiment control mistake type composite fertilizer, comprises the steps:
Step (1): according to parts by weight meter, weigh the monoammonium phosphate of above-mentioned weight, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, Repone K, borax, zinc sulfate, magnesium sulfate, diammonium phosphate, urea, bicarbonate of ammonia and general calcium, then physical mixed is even, standby, obtains mixed fertilizer;
Step (2): the control mistake type fertilizer additive of above-mentioned parts by weight is joined in the mixed fertilizer that step (1) makes and fully mixed, jointly carry out the granulation of composite fertilizer routine to mixing all with rear, obtain controlling mistake type composite fertilizer.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment control mistake type fertilizer additive is: according to parts by weight meter by 43.60 parts of wilkinites, 47.40 parts of montmorillonites, 7.56 parts of polyacrylamides, 0.30 part of 0.40 part of chitosan and sodium nitrophenolate mix, and obtain controlling mistake type fertilizer additive;
A kind of mistake type fertilizer of controlling comprises the following raw material according to parts by weight meter: 32.0 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 40.0 parts, ammonium nitrate, 5.5 parts, ammonium sulfate, 35.2 parts of potassium sulfate, 3.5 parts, Repone K, 0.8 part of borax, 1.3 parts, zinc sulfate, 0.5 part, magnesium sulfate, 12.0 parts, bicarbonate of ammonia, 25.0 parts, ammonium nitrate phosphorus, 7.0 parts of 8.0 parts of coarse whitings and control mistake type fertilizer additives.
Nitrogen (N) in this control mistake type compound fertilizer formula: phosphorus (P
2o
5): potassium (K
2o) nutrient mass ratio is 17:12:12.
The preparation method of the present embodiment control mistake type composite fertilizer, comprises the steps:
Step (1): according to parts by weight meter, weigh the monoammonium phosphate of above-mentioned weight, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, Repone K, borax, zinc sulfate, magnesium sulfate, bicarbonate of ammonia, ammonium nitrate phosphorus, general calcium and coarse whiting, then physical mixed is even, standby, obtains mixed fertilizer;
Step (2): the control mistake type fertilizer additive of above-mentioned parts by weight is joined in the mixed fertilizer that step (1) makes and fully mixed, jointly carry out the granulation of composite fertilizer routine to mixing all with rear, obtain controlling mistake type composite fertilizer.
Control mistake type composite fertilizer of the present invention is tested:
Test the impact that a control mistake type composite fertilizer of the present invention is produced Chinese cabbage
One, test objective
Embodiment 5 control mistake type composite fertilizers are applied on Chinese cabbage with the ordinary compound fertilizer that does not add controlled release agent, by investigation and the record of each phase data of Chinese cabbage to different treatment, the data such as the field fertilization effect of checking control mistake type composite fertilizer and control mistake rate.
Two, materials and methods
1, for trial crops: Plantula Brassicae chinensis;
2, for the fertilizer of test: embodiment 5 control mistake type composite fertilizers, ordinary compound fertilizer, wherein, ordinary compound fertilizer is controlled mistake type fertilizer additive for not adding, but identical in the control mistake type composite fertilizer of other compositions and embodiment 5;
3, test site: Qinglong Zhen Yu Long pasture, Anning City, Kunming, Yunnan Province plant area of Yunnan Yunye Fertilizer Co., Ltd. booth, in booth, choose smooth, neat, fertility, the uniform plot of irrigation and drainage.
4, test design
Test design is processed 3, and each is processed and transplants or sowing 30 strains, supplies the fertilizer of test to be powdery, every strain rate of fertilizer application 10g, and each is processed except the difference of applying fertilizer, and other conditions are all identical.Concrete contents processing is as table 1:
Table 1
| Process numbering | Contents processing | Remarks |
| A | Do not apply fertilizer | ? |
| B | Ordinary compound fertilizer | Do not add any control and lose composition |
| C | Embodiment 5 control mistake type composite fertilizers | Add the composite fertilizer of controlled release agent |
Three, test operation and investigation records
1, before sowing or transplanting, beat the pool, seeding row spacing arranges according to 30 * 30, the mode that fertilizer all adopts the base fertilizer pool to execute.
2, sowing or transplanting are handed on the basis of sufficient water, every 10 days, water once later, and the phytology proterties of observed and recorded Chinese cabbage.
Four, testing data
Testing data is as table 2:
Table 2
To above-mentioned data analysis mapping, obtain column diagram as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 4, from upper table and Fig. 1 ~ 4, can find out, the processing of using embodiment 5 control mistake type composite fertilizers is all best from surviving rate, the number of sheets, plant height, hat width, next is ordinary compound fertilizer, and the poorest is the blank not applying fertilizer.
Can obtain conclusion thus, embodiment 5 control mistake type composite fertilizers have that consumption is few, fertilizer efficiency long, the effect of Anti-lost really, are the new-type fertilizers of high-quality.
Test two application of control mistake type composite fertilizer of the present invention on planting asparagus
The measures of fertilizer of Milei County asparagus cultivation is still more traditional at present, not enough to the attention degree of organic fertilizer, the organic fertilizer quality of selecting is not good, generally selects ox, the sheep excrement of simple retting, approximately 1000 kgs/acre of amounts of application, use every year 2 times, after being respectively winter receipts and after retain the stubble, after winter receipts, turning over and bury, after retain the stubble, turn over into ditch, the annual winter is used once general calcium after receiving, and 70 kgs/acre, turns over and buries.In addition, topdress and generally straight fertilizer is dissolved in to water reservoir, utilize drip irrigation equipment to drip and execute, within 15-20 days, drip and execute once, use 20 kgs/acre, urea at every turn, 10 kgs/acre of potassium sulfate, total fertilization amount is larger, both caused the waste of fertilizer, also destroyed soil regime, soil have harden, salinization phenomenon.
Not good for local organic fertilizer quality, and transportation and deposit inconvenient situation, select high-quality organic fertilizer to improve soil physical chemistry situation, promote the stalwartness of asparagus root system to grow, and Commodity Organic Fertilizer is convenient to transportation and deposit, become thoroughly decomposed thoroughly, use safety.Select the control mistake type high-quality composite fertilizer that can effectively improve utilization rate of fertilizer to reduce rate of fertilizer application and fertilizer application frequency, reduce production costs.This test selects several different fertilizer such as embodiment 2 control mistake type composite fertilizers and " Yun Ye " organic fertilizer on the planting asparagus of Milei County, to launch research, to producing for local asparagus, provides more rational fertilizer, promotes the Sustainable development that asparagus produces.
1 materials and methods
1.1 test materials
1.1.1 test site
Test site is positioned at Na An village Teng Yun agricultural development company limited's planting asparagus base, bamboo plantation town, Honghe state, Yunnan Province Milei County, 0.5 mu of test area.
1.1.2 test period
On 07 19th, 2011 on 09 20th, 2011.
1.1.3 for examination material
Test kind is Jesse Nat (2 years bamboo shoot).
1.1.4 test fertilizer
For trying fertilizer: farm manure (sheep excrement), urea (N>=46%), general calcium (P
2o
5>=16%), potassium sulfate (K
2o>=50%), " Yun Ye " organic fertilizer, " Yun Ye " biological organic fertilizer, embodiment 2 control mistake type composite fertilizers, ordinary compound fertilizer, wherein, " Yun Ye " organic fertilizer, " Yun Ye " biological organic fertilizer are all purchased from Yunnan Yunye Fertilizer Co., Ltd., ordinary compound fertilizer is for not adding control mistake type fertilizer additive, but identical in the control mistake type composite fertilizer of other compositions and embodiment 2.
1.2 test method
1.2.1 test Treatment Design
Concrete test Treatment Design is as shown in table 3.
Table 3
5 processing are established in this test, repeat for 3 times, and Gong15Ge community, each community completely random is arranged.Each is processed except the kind of applying fertilizer is different with proportioning, and other production measure is consistent, according to local high-quality asparagus cultivation technique, manages.
nutrient content table
This test nutrient content table is as shown in table 4.Wherein, processing two is identical with processing one (CK) amount of nitrogen, processes three and processes one (CK) minimizing amount of nitrogen 30% with processing four.
Table 4
1.2.3 experimental plot design
Experimental plot distributes as shown in Figure 5.
1.3 investigation records
1.3.1 economical character investigation statistics
Each is processed and chooses at random 5 strain asparagus, and observed and recorded Agronomic characteristic, as plant height, stem girth, strain number etc.
1.3.2 output investigation statistics
By different treatment, add up respectively output.
2 interpretations of result
2.1 use the impact of " Yun Ye " organic fertilizer on asparagus economical character
The impact of the different organic fertilizer of table 5 on economical character
As shown in Table 5, before topdressing for the first time, the average plant height of processing two exceeds processes one (CK) 14.00cm, increases by 10.94%; Average stem girth exceeds processes one (CK) 0.15cm, increases by 4.31%; Average strain number exceeds processes one (CK) 0.70 strain, increases by 11.11%.
After topdressing for the second time, the average plant height of processing two exceeds processes one (CK) 5.00cm, increases by 3.60%; Average stem girth exceeds processes one (CK) 0.19cm, increases by 5.16%; Average strain number exceeds processes one (CK) 1.40 strains, increases by 18.18%.
From field, show, processing two growing ways each period all obviously surpasses and processes one (CK), this may be because the content of humic acid of " Yun Ye " organic fertilizer in chessom, enhancing ventilation property, increase soil, improve soil ulmin active, the mobility aspect that strengthens Soil Microorganism more produces effect.
Compare with applications of farmyard manure, the rotten degree of " Yun Ye " organic fertilizer is better, and nutrient supply is more sufficient, comprehensive, has met better the growth requirement of asparagus, and has improved Soil Micro-environment, promotes the root system development of asparagus.
2.2 reduce the impact of rate of fertilizer application on asparagus economical character
The impact of the different amount of nitrogens of table 6 on asparagus economical character
As can be seen from Table 6, before topdressing for the first time, process three and compare with processing two, growing way is slightly good.The average plant height of processing three is identical with processing two; Average stem girth exceeds processes two 0.07cm, increases by 1.91%; Average strain number exceeds processes 3 1.20 strains, increases by 17.14%.
After topdressing for the second time, process three with process two and compare, growing way slightly a little less than.The average plant height of processing three, lower than processing two 1.00cm, reduces 0.70%; Average stem girth exceeds processes two 0.01cm, increases by 0.26%; Average strain number, lower than processing 2 0.70 strains, reduces 8.33%.
Before topdressing for the first time, process four and compare with processing two, economical character respectively has quality, and the average plant height of processing four, lower than processing two 5.00cm, reduces 3.65%; Average stem girth exceeds processes two 0.01cm, increases by 0.27%; Average strain number exceeds processes 2 0.40 strains, increases by 5.71%.
And after topdressing for the second time, process four to compare with processing two, every economical character all has a clear superiority in, and the average plant height of processing four exceeds processes two 9.00cm, increases by 5.9%; Average stem girth exceeds processes two 0.35cm, increases by 8.3%; Average strain number exceeds processes 23 strains, increases by 30%.
The amount of nitrogen of processing two is consistent with processing one (CK) amount of nitrogen, and processing three and processing four are all processed two and reduced by 30% amount of nitrogen, but field shows slightly difference.Processing three and the growing way no significant difference of processing two, the conventional amount of nitrogen of possibility is excessive, subtracts after nitrogen fertilising, still can meet the nutritional needs of asparagus.Process four and compare with processing two, because embodiment 2 control mistake type composite fertilizers have effectively reduced nutrient loss, improved utilization rate of fertilizer, so its growing way is obviously better than processing two.
2.2 embodiment 2 impacts of control mistake type composite fertilizer on asparagus economical character
The impact of table 7 complex fertilizer produced by different fertilizer on asparagus economical character
This region is positioned at experimental field edge, and soil property is more dry, and the gradient is large, and nutrient loss situation is serious, the growing way of this region asparagus obviously a little less than.
As can be seen from Table 7, the average plant height of processing four exceeds processes one (CK) 50.00cm, increases by 51.55%; Average stem girth exceeds processes one (CK) 1.78cm, increases by 91.28%; Average strain number exceeds processes one (CK) 4.40 strains, increases by 88.00%.
Process four and compare with processing three, process the equal plant height in Siping City and exceed processing three 15.00cm, increase by 11.36%; Average stem girth exceeds processes three 0.49cm, increases by 11.36%.; Average strain number surpasses processes 3 1.20 strains, increases by 14.63%.
Although subtract nitrogen fertilising, the characteristic due to embodiment 2 control mistake type composite fertilizers, can form coacervate with soil, effectively reduces nutrient loss, improves utilization rate of fertilizer, processes four nutrient supply abundance, so growing way is obviously better than processing one (CK) and processes three.
Processing three may be owing to having used " Yun Ye " organic fertilizer, can adsorb inorganic nutrients, supply intensity to chemical fertilizer plays shock absorption, improve the microecosystem of soil, improve soil water-reataining fertilizer-keeping ability, at minimizing nutrient loss and nutrient, continue than processing one (CK), more to have superiority in deliverability, be less than processing one (CK) with the gap of processing four.
2.3 same processing impact on asparagus economical character in different zones
The asparagus economical character comparison of different zones after table 8 topdresses for the second time
As can be seen from Table 8, process every agronomic trait of one (CK) at different zones significant difference, wherein average plant height central region surpasses fringe region 42.00cm, increase by 43.30%, average stem girth central region surpasses fringe region 1.73cm, increase by 88.72%, average strain is counted central region and is surpassed fringe region 2.70 strains, increases by 54.00%;
Every agronomic trait of processing three is more obvious in different zones difference, wherein average plant height central region surpasses fringe region 11.00cm, increase by 8.33%, average stem girth central region surpasses fringe region 0.64cm, increase by 19.75%, average strain is counted central region and is surpassed fringe region 0.20 strain, increases by 2.44%.
Every agronomic trait of processing four is relatively little in different zones difference, wherein average plant height central region surpasses fringe region 4.00cm, increase by 2.72%, average stem girth central region surpasses fringe region 0.29cm, increase by 7.77%, average strain is counted central region and is surpassed fringe region 0.60 strain, increases by 6.38%;
By field growing way and enquiry data, can find out, under hostile environment, the asparagus growing way of using ordinary compound fertilizer is obviously weaker than normal region, and use asparagus growing way and the normal region no significant difference of embodiment 2 control mistake type fertilizer, the control successful of embodiment 2 control mistake type fertilizer to nutrient loss is described, improved greatly plant recovery of nutrient.
The impact of 2.4 different treatment on Yield of Asparagus
The Yield of Asparagus of table 9 different treatment
As can be seen from Table 9, aspect output, output and the local conventional output of processing one (ck) are basically identical, and other processing output have respectively raising in various degree.Wherein process two output over processing one (CK) 8040.00kg/hm
2, increase by 44.97%; Process four and surpass processing one (CK) 7399.95kg, increase by 41.39%.
The fertilising benefit comparison of 2.4 different treatment
Fertilising cost and the output value of table 10 different treatment
| ? | With fertile cost (unit/hectare) | The output value (unit/hectare) |
| Process one (CK) | 7402.50 | 357600.00 |
| Process two | 9652.50 | 518400.00 |
| Process three | 12174.72 | 492801.00 |
| Process four | 15648.00 | 505599.00 |
| Process five | 14268.00 | 495999.00 |
With 20.00 yuan/kilogram of asparagus average prices, calculate the output value, fertilizer cost is only remembered the fertile cost of experimental stage.According to table 10, can find out, processing two increases by 2250.00 yuan/hectare than processing one (CK) cost, but the output value increases by 160800.00 yuan/hectare, has a net increase of 158550.00 yuan/hectare of incomes, increases income 44.34%; Processing four increases by 8275.50 yuan/hectare than processing one (CK) cost, but the output value increases by 147999.00 yuan/hectare, has a net increase of 139723.50 yuan/hectare of incomes, increases income 39.07%.
Because test is higher with formula Determination of Potassium, caused the increase of cost, if reduce the Determination of Potassium in formula, actual effect of increasing production will be more obvious.
conclusion
(1) rate of fertilizer reduces more than 30% processing, there is no poor growth, yield reducation, and also growing way is better, output also has increase, proves that decrement fertilising is feasible.
(2), by the comparison of fertilising benefit, the asparagus output value of using " Yun Ye " organic fertilizer and embodiment 2 control mistake type composite fertilizers increases substantially.
(3) compare with ordinary compound fertilizer, the feature that along with the prolongation of breeding time, embodiment 2 control mistake type composite fertilizers meet crop alimentary rule, guarantee crop alimentary demand, effectively reduce nutrient loss is further obvious.In the serious region of nutrient loss, when fertilizer deficiency phenomenon appears in the asparagus of using ordinary compound fertilizer, the asparagus of using embodiment 2 control mistake type composite fertilizers still grows fine.
(4) compare with farm manure, the fertilizer efficiency of " Yun Ye " organic fertilizer is more obvious, and processing growing way and the output of application of organic fertilizers material are obviously better than applications of farmyard manure.
Claims (4)
1. a control mistake type composite fertilizer, is characterized in that comprising control mistake type fertilizer additive, and described control mistake type fertilizer additive and the weight ratio of fertilizer are=1-8:100;
Described control mistake type fertilizer additive comprises the following raw material according to parts by weight meter: wilkinite 39.75-49.50 part, montmorillonite 39.75-49.50 part, polyacrylamide 1.00-14.50 part, chitosan 0-0.50 part, sodium nitrophenolate 0-1.00 part, DMPP 0-0.50 part and DA-6 0-1.00 part.
2. control mistake type composite fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described control mistake type fertilizer comprises the following raw material according to parts by weight meter: monoammonium phosphate 4.5-35.0 part, ammonium nitrate 24.6-44.6 part, ammonium sulfate 1.5-11.5 part, potassium sulfate 22.0-47.0 part, Repone K 1.0-9.0 part, borax 0.2-2.0 part, zinc sulfate 0.2-2.0 part, magnesium sulfate 0.2-10.0 part, diammonium phosphate 0-20.0 part, saltpetre 0-40.0 part, ammonium chloride 0-38.0 part, bicarbonate of ammonia 0-15.0 part, ammonium nitrate phosphorus 0-35.0 part, urea 0-20.0 part, general calcium 0-20.0 part, coarse whiting 0-15.0 part and control mistake type fertilizer additive 0.99-7.41 part.
3. control mistake type composite fertilizer according to claim 2, is characterized in that nitrogen (N) in described control mistake type compound fertilizer formula: phosphorus (P
2o
5): potassium (K
2o) nutrient mass ratio is 4-20:4-18:4-32.
4. the preparation method based on control mistake type composite fertilizer claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
Step (1): according to parts by weight meter, weigh monoammonium phosphate 4.5-35.0 part, ammonium nitrate 24.6-44.6 part, ammonium sulfate 1.5-11.5 part, potassium sulfate 22.0-47.0 part, Repone K 1.0-9.0 part, borax 0.2-2.0 part, zinc sulfate 0.2-2.0 part, magnesium sulfate 0.2-10.0 part, diammonium phosphate 0-20.0 part, saltpetre 0-40.0 part, ammonium chloride 0-38.0 part, bicarbonate of ammonia 0-15.0 part, ammonium nitrate phosphorus 0-35.0 part, urea 0-20.0 part, general calcium 0-20.0 part and coarse whiting 0-15.0 part, then physical mixed is even, standby, obtain mixed fertilizer;
Step (2): 0.99-7.41 part control mistake type fertilizer additive is joined in the mixed fertilizer that step (1) makes and fully mixed, jointly carry out the granulation of composite fertilizer routine to mixing all with rear, obtain controlling mistake type composite fertilizer.
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