CN1039503C - Multi-wall shell body for open caisson and open caisson - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a multi-wall type open caisson with a steel-concrete composite structure, which comprises an internal cylindrical ring wall, an external cylindrical ring wall and a casing of a partition wall connected between the ring walls, wherein both the ring walls and the partition wall are made into a type that double walls are hollow and lower ends are enclosed to provide buoyancy needed by hauling the casing of the open caisson on a water surface, and concrete is cast between both walls of the ring walls and the partition wall during the sedimentation period of the casing of the open caisson. Meanwhile, concrete is cast between the ring walls to firmly connecting the whole casing. The diameter of the open caisson can reach more than one hundred meters, and the open caisson is especially suitable to build overwater fixed buildings, artificial islands, etc. and has the advantages of small on-site construction quantity and low cost.

Description

The multi-wall shell that is used for open caisson

The present invention relates to fixed buildings waterborne, particularly, relate to a kind of multi-wall type open caisson that is used for the multi-wall shell of open caisson and adopts the steel-concrete combined structure of this housing.

Fixed buildings waterborne such as man-made island, job platform etc. have purposes widely, particularly marine man-made island, oil drilling platform etc.That these fixed buildings waterborne were usually made in the past was platform-type, gravity caisson, box structure formula highrise pile cap structure, and total weak point is that the site operation amount is big; Long in time limit, like this, just be subject to shortcomings such as climatic effect, construction is inconvenient, cost is big.

The another kind of works that once was used to build marine man-made island is steel-concrete combined structure cylindrical shape open caisson, and global shape is cylindrical, lower end closed, barrel is " wall " that is made of the two-layer wallboard that separates, two-layer wallboard is a steel plate, fill concrete therebetween, and, there is bottom girder at a tube end.During sinking, fluid concrete in tube makes it sink to certain depth under the seabed.The weak point of this structure is that the shoveling amount is big, and the concrete casting fluence is big, causes the site operation amount big, and operational period is long, and Master Cost is high.

The patent No. a kind of multi-wall type open caisson housing that has been 2,705,403 U.S. Patent Publication, it comprise surround around two layers of ringwall of tubular of sealing, be connected with partition wall between two layers of ringwall.Be filled with steel concrete between the two-layer wallboard that separates of formation ringwall and partition wall.This structure has weak points such as the shoveling amount is big, the site operation amount is big, operational period is long equally.

The objective of the invention is to overcome the weak point of above-mentioned prior art, proposed a kind of multi-wall shell that is used for open caisson.

Another object of the present invention is to propose a kind of multi-wall type open caisson that adopts above-mentioned multi-wall shell.

Here, so-called " multi-wall type " refers to have twice or is similar to " wall " in the prior art more than the twice, the multi-wall type open caisson that the present invention proposes has a housing that is formed from steel usually, housing is the hollow barrel-type of upper and lower opening, have multiple tracks and surround the wall of the tubular of this housing, for example, interior ringwall and outer ring wall, sky is opened a distance between the wall of wall, be connected with partition wall, partition wall is divided into each interval to the space between the ringwall, as many grid, plays interior exterior wall and the firm integrally-built effect of formation of connecting.Have at least one wall to have interlayer, promptly constitute, have reinforcing rib etc. between the wallboard and rise and connect and the member of supporting role by the similar wallboard of two-layer or two-layer above shape, and, two wallboard interlayer lower end closed of at least one wall, the hollow wall of formation upper end open surrounds barrel-type casing.Like this, this housing can be bubbled through the water column because of enough displacement, be dragged to predetermined construction area, during sinking, in having the body of wall of interlayer, it is fluid concrete between the two-layer wallboard of wall, thereby make housing be sink to the bottom, continue fluid concrete to predetermined altitude, simultaneously, fetch earth in the interval that between wall and wall, is divided into by partition wall, go into water-bed following desired depth until the housing depression, then, cast underwater concrete in the interval that between interior exterior wall, is divided into by partition wall, so that make bottom lock, be stabilized on the desired depth.Like this, just constituted by multiple tracks ring seal wall and be filled in the multi-wall type open caisson of the steel-concrete combined structure that concrete within the walls forms.

This multi-wall type open caisson can have twice or multiple tracks wall more, is the twice walls but have big Practical significance.Hull shape normally around the tubular of sealing, upper and lower opening, its cross section can have different shapes such as rectangle, but is good with smooth closed curve, and is especially circular best.Having one wall at least is that double-deck wallboard constitutes, and lower end closed, so as the required buoyancy of water transportation to be provided and when sinking fluid concrete, in most preferred embodiment, the twice wall all has double-deck wallboard, and lower end closed.In addition, partition wall also can be double-deck, also functions as described above.The height of partition wall also can have multiple choices, for example, almost ringwall is high equally, but, because the effect of partition wall mainly is to be used for connecting and supporting ringwall, it highly can be lower than ringwall, perhaps, make the partition wall that replaces of height, for example, higher partition wall after housing is settled down to desired depth a little more than the water surface, lower partition wall when housing just is sink to the bottom a little more than the water surface, this lower partition wall may also be referred to as bottom girder, is mainly used in the rigidity, the particularly rigidity at the following position of the water surface of strengthening lower housing portion.

Multi-wall type open caisson of the present invention is suitable for building facilities such as man-made island, pumping plant at the shallow waters of rivers,lakes and seas, particularly builds man-made island in the shallow sea.After being settled down to desired depth, surface in open caisson upper end, can be on ringwall construction of platform, work platform etc. is set, can also drain the water of region in the ringwall, form a bite water-retention well, at inner erection equipment.So the space availability ratio of this open caisson is higher, for the limited and very big aquatic building of investment of area, fully opened up its potentiality and effectively utilized, have remarkable economical.

Because multi-wall type open caisson of the present invention adopts that making in advance floats on the water behind the housing to be dragged to the predetermined water surface and to carry out the mode that fluid concrete, water intaking subsoil sink and build up man-made island, so the site operation amount is little, can receive the effect that the duration is short, expense is few.Simultaneously, compare, can significantly reduce concrete amount with existing single wall formula open caisson, perhaps, with the bigger open caisson of concrete construction of equal number.

The multiple tracks ringwall has guaranteed the globality of open caisson, and because concrete wherein more closely combines each road ringwall, forms firm annular canister, has suitable rigidity.Like this, open caisson can do more, and for example, can reach the dimension more than hundred meters, and need not to reinforce at the open caisson central part.

Fig. 1 represents the overall structure of the multi-wall type open caisson housing of one embodiment of the invention with the form of vertical view,

Fig. 2 is that Fig. 1 middle shell sinks to the schematic diagram that the seabed forms open caisson,

Fig. 3 is the partial sectional view of Fig. 1,

Fig. 4 is the partial sectional view of Fig. 3,

Fig. 5 is along the partial sectional view of I-I ' direction among Fig. 4.

Give by a most preferred embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Referring to Fig. 1, in the example of Fig. 1, the housing of multi-wall type open caisson comprises outer ring wall 2, interior ringwall 4, and low partition wall 6 between inside and outside ringwall and high partition wall 8.In this example, ringwall 2,4 is made cylindrical shape, 6,8 on partition wall radially is symmetrically distributed, but this is a kind of example, the distribution of the shape of ringwall 2,4 and partition wall 6,8 can be changed, as a kind of non-limitative example, provide the approximate size of each major part here, so that understand the present invention.The housing external diameter is that the external diameter of outer ring wall 2 is 80m, the housing internal diameter promptly in the internal diameter of ringwall 4 be 60m, ringwall 2,4 and partition wall 6,8 all by two-layer wallboard and support member constitute, outer ring wall 2 thickness are 1.5m, interior ringwall 4 thickness are 1m, and the distance between the inside and outside ringwall is 7.5m.The height of ringwall 2,4 decide according to the depth of water and the predetermined water-bed degree of depth that descends in predetermined construction waters, for example, be 27m in this example, and partition wall 6,8 extends upward by housing bottom, and wherein, low partition wall 6 highly is about 5m, high partition wall 8 and ringwall height together.

Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 open caisson installation situation in water of schematically having drawn.The housing following predetermined heavy degree h that sinks under water, at the housing upper end of the S that surfaces construction of platform P, and, there is concrete 10 to fill between inside and outside ringwall 2,4 bodies of wall, make the housing lower end closed.

Referring to Fig. 3, the drawn partial sectional view of housing of Fig. 3.Housing can be formed by the unit construction that is divided into several sections along its circumference, and each section comprises outer ring wall 2, interior ringwall 4 and therebetween high partition wall 8 and low partition wall 6.In this example, high and low partition wall is alternately arranged, and is symmetrically distributed.These members of forming housings can be identical or do not wait along the length of circumference, links together by modes such as welding, riveted joints.

Referring to Fig. 4.The structure that Fig. 4 has drawn ringwall and partition wall in more detail.Outer ring wall 2 comprises two- layer wallboard 12 and 14, is provided with support member 16 therebetween, is used for connecting two- layer wallboard 12 and 14 and also plays reinforcing and supporting role, and these support members 16 are arranged in cross modal.Similarly, between the wallboard 18 and 20 of interior ringwall 4 same support member 22 is arranged also.In this example, partition wall 6 and 8 also all is to be made of two- layer wallboard 24,26 and support member 28 therebetween.Although partition wall 6 and 8 can not be double-deck, inside and outside ringwall 2,4 also differs, and to establish a capital be double-deck, all makes bilayer in this example, end sealing as follows, with obtain enough displacement and during sinking fluid concrete, this spline structure is also more firm.

Fig. 5 represents the sectional view of housing along I-I ' line among Fig. 4.As seen from the figure, inside and outside ringwall 2,4 lower end closed, and, between ringwall, have partition wall 6. Support member 16 and 22 between the wallboard of interior ringwall 4 and outer ring wall 2 has also drawn among the figure.After the housing manufacturing is finished,, be dragged to predetermined waters, then, be used for building the water fixed buildings by tugboat because the ringwall body of wall of its lower end closed and the buoyancy that displacement provided of partition wall body of wall can float on the surface.Generally comprise the following step:

1. water filling or fluid concrete in housing ringwall and the partition wall body of wall sink down into the bottom,

2. continue fluid concrete in ringwall and partition wall body of wall, and fetch earth in the interval between ringwall, makes housing drop to water-bed following desired depth,

3. between ringwall, pour into a mould underwater concrete,, drain the water in the housing then, so just built up the multi-wall type open caisson of steel-concrete combined structure with the closure casing lower end.

Can also build base plate in well, make lower end closed in the well, on it various facilities can be installed, in addition, the concrete between the ringwall also can be poured into the water surface or higher height.

Though in conjunction with object lesson heavy structure, shape and size also are described above, but and do not mean that this is limited, on the contrary, narrated the multiple variation that can select herein, the person in the art can also make other variation after understanding content of the present invention, and does not leave scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. the housing of a multi-wall type open caisson, be formed from steel, comprise the ringwall of multiple tracks each interval and be connected partition wall between the described ringwall in each road, the tubular of sealing around described ringwall surrounds, it is characterized in that, at least one ringwall has the wallboard that two-layer at least interval is provided with, and upper end open, lower end closed, is connected with support member between the described wallboard.

2. housing as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described partition wall has the wallboard that two-layer at least interval is provided with, and is connected with support member between the described wallboard.

3. housing as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described partition wall upper end open, lower end closed.

4. housing as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, described partition wall comprises high-wall and the parapet of alternately arranging.

5. housing as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, more than the water surface of described high-wall altitude range after described housing is settled down to desired depth to described ringwall or following.

6. housing as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, more than the water surface of the height of described parapet when described housing is sink to the bottom to described ringwall or following.

7. as the housing of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that described ringwall is a cylindrical shape.

8. housing as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that described partition wall is symmetrical distribution.

Images