CN103950245A - Wear-resistant nickel foam and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Wear-resistant nickel foam and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103950245A CN103950245A CN201410151293.3A CN201410151293A CN103950245A CN 103950245 A CN103950245 A CN 103950245A CN 201410151293 A CN201410151293 A CN 201410151293A CN 103950245 A CN103950245 A CN 103950245A
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Abstract
The invention relates to wear-resistant nickel foam. The nickel foam material is characterized by comprising a conductive carbon foam substrate, a carbon foam surface nickel coating and a surface wear-resistant layer, wherein the surface wear-resistant layer is formed by a SiC-Ni composite coating, the content of SiC is 1-5%, and thickness of the coating is 0.1-0.8mm. The invention provides a preparation method of the wear-resistant nickel foam; the method sequentially comprises the steps of preparing carbon foam, and fully dipping the prepared carbon foam into plating solution for 5-30min; taking the carbon foam as a negative pole and a pure nickel target as a positive pole, connecting alternating current (AC) electric pulse, and depositing the nickel coating on the carbon foam substrate; putting the product into plating solution containing SiC nanometer powder, and depositing SiC and Ni crystal particles on the surface of nickel foam; taking out the nickel foam, cleaning by distilled water, and drying to obtain the wear-resistant nickel foam. The prepared nickel foam material has the excellent performances of carbon material and metallic nickel, the interior of the nickel foam material has a porous foam structure, and the nickel foam material has the advantages of being light in weight and large in specific surface area.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of foamed material and preparation method thereof, particularly relate to a kind of wear-resisting nickel foam and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Foam metal is a kind of novel structure growing up nearly three more than ten years, the multifunctional novel shaped material of applied range.Foam metal structure uniqueness, thereby there are some special performances, as high in porosity (being generally 50%～98%), density is little, specific area is large, thoroughly fluidity is good, thermal conductivity factor is low, sound-absorption vibration-reduction power is strong etc., in the fields such as building, communications and transportation, chemical industry, metallurgy, machinery, electronics, communication, have wide practical use.Since the seventies, the development of various foam metals with develop the extremely emphasis of industrially developed country, as Japan, the U.S., Britain etc. have competitively carried out the development work of various foam metals and have obtained remarkable progress, some foam metals are applied in some field, have obtained extraordinary comprehensive benefit.
Nickel foam is one important in numerous foam metals, generally adopts electrodeposition process preparation.The nickel foam of preparing by the method is tridimensional network, and all holes are all communicated with, and porosity is higher.It has good saturating fluid property, sound absorption qualities etc., thereby nickel foam can be used as the electric wave shielding material of loudspeaker carton, the pulse power etc. in metallic filter, stereo set etc.Nickel foam can improve the performance of battery, and application early; The service life that can greatly improve piston with nickel foam enhancing all-aluminium piston.In addition, nickel foam also has good application prospect in chemical industry equipment.Therefore, carry out the development work of nickel foam significant.
Publication number is that 101109049 Chinese invention patents disclose a kind of froth nickel complex and preparation method thereof.This complex comprises multi-layered foamed nickel dam, and at least the hole density of one deck nickel foam layer is different with the hole density of other layer.This froth nickel complex has excellent tensile strength, electrode slurry filling rate and catchment effect, thereby in battery manufacturing process, is difficult for occurring pole piece fracture, and the battery capacity that makes is high, internal resistance is low and good cycle.
Within 2011, be published in the document " preparation process condition of nickel foam and specific area " of " Metallic Functional Materials ", the Duan Cuiyun of Beijing Normal University etc., taking organic foam electrodeposition process as basis, have inquired into the relation of several concrete technology conditions and gained nickel foam product specific area.Found that, direct sintering 40min products obtained therefrom in the ammonia dissolving atmosphere of 850～980 DEG C after electroplating, with electroplate after first in the air of 600 DEG C sintering 4min reduce again sintering products obtained therefrom, there is identical configuration of surface and specific area.
At present, the patented technology that electrodeposition process is prepared high porosity nickel foam has a lot, and its product is mainly used in the electrode material as Ni-MH and Ni-Cd battery.It is to be devoted to pursue the settled density of metal and the uniformity of porosity that porous metal material technology is manufactured in present stage electro-deposition, but this material cannot bear the impact of larger electric current, superficial layer easily weares and teares, easily cause foam nickel material in use to produce fatigue and fracture, thereby have influence on the life-span and use safety of engineering structure and device.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to overcome especially foam nickel material surface abrasion problem in use of perforated foams, and a kind of wear-resisting nickel foam and preparation method thereof is provided.Described nickel foam is made up of the carbon foam substrate of conducting electricity, carbon foam surface nickel coating and surface wear-resistant layer.Wherein, carbon foam substrate is to heat carbonization by polyurethane foam to obtain, and has open-celled structure, and the length-width ratio in hole is 0.6～1.6.Carbon foam surface nickel coating is to obtain by alternating-current pulse electric plating method, and thickness is 0.3～3 μ m.Surface wear-resistant layer is made up of fine and close SiC-Ni composite deposite, and anti-wear performance is 3～7 times of pure nickel plating; Wherein, the SiC content in composite deposite is 1～5%, and thickness of coating is 0.1～0.8mm.
In the present invention, nickel foam inside presents three-dimensional net structure, is cross-linked and is formed by irregular holes not of uniform size, has large specific area, can fill phase transformation, inhale the multiple materials such as ripple.This material is taking carbon foam as substrate; utilize plated metal nickel dam intactly to inherit the surface texture of carbon foam; nickel coating had both effectively been protected material with carbon element; form in appearance again a kind of new foam nickel material; simultaneously; utilizing surface wear-resistant layer to increase substantially the anti-wear performance of material monolithic, delay the service life of correlated parts and engineering structure part, is a kind of high-performance perforated foams with broad development prospect.
Carbon foam substrate of the present invention is to heat carbonization by polyurethane foam to obtain, and concrete technical process is carried out in two steps: first in air, polyurethane foam is heated at 200～280 DEG C; Then in inert atmosphere, carbonization at 700～900 DEG C; Thereby prepare carbon foam.
Carbon foam surface nickel coating of the present invention is to obtain by electric plating method, taking the carbon foam that makes as negative electrode and substrate, 99.99% pure nickel target is anode, nickelous sulfate is main salt, it is characterized in that power supply is alternating-current pulse electricity, and carbon foam substrate is fully flooded in plating solution to 5～30min before electroplating.
Surface wear-resistant layer in the present invention is made up of fine and close SiC-Ni composite deposite, it is characterized in that its preparation method is that in the nickel plating solution of high concentration, to add appropriate granularity be the SiC nano powder of 5～20nm, by the rapid stirring of magnetic stir bar and the high electric current of D.C. regulated power supply, obtain at nickel foam surface fast deposition SiC, Ni crystal grain.
The invention provides a kind of preparation method of wear-resisting nickel foam, it is characterized in that comprising the step of following order:
(1) heating, carbonization polyurethane foam are prepared carbon foam;
(2) the carbon foam making is cleaned up, in plating solution, fully flood 5～30min;
(3) taking carbon foam as negative electrode, pure nickel target is anode, connects alternating current pulse, nickel deposited coating in carbon foam substrate, and controlling thickness of coating is 0.3～3 μ m, obtains foam nickel material;
(4) above-mentioned nickel foam is put into the nickel plating solution of high concentration, and in plating solution, to add appropriate granularity be the SiC nano powder of 5～20nm, by the rapid stirring of magnetic stir bar and the high electric current of D.C. regulated power supply, obtain SiC-Ni composite deposite at nickel foam surface fast deposition SiC, Ni crystal grain;
(5) negative electrode nickel foam is taken out, clean and dry with distilled water flushing, obtain a kind of wear-resisting foam nickel material.
Major advantage of the present invention is: the foam nickel material 1. making has the excellent properties of material with carbon element and metallic nickel concurrently, and inside presents the foaming structure of porous, has advantages of that quality is light, specific area is large; 2. in plating solution, add SiC nano powder, the SiC-Ni composite deposite making has good anti-wear performance, is 3～7 times of pure nickel, effectively protects soft foam base plate, has slowed down the wearing and tearing of material, has extended service life; 3. in foam, can fill several functions material, effectively improve reaction rate and effect, as filled PCM phase-change material, enter foam when height is warm by top layer, foam is because of large specific area, and the PCM filling wherein can absorb heat fast; 4. adopt the preparation method who electroplates, technique is simple, easy and simple to handle, with low cost.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of wear-resisting nickel foam schematic diagram.
Diagram 10 is surface wear-resistant layer; 20 is the nickel foam taking carbon foam as substrate.
Fig. 2 is the heat radiation schematic diagram of wear-resisting nickel foam.
The amount of heat of diagram 11 for entering material; 12 is surface wear-resistant layer; 13 is nickel foam.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further illustrate the present invention, should understand these embodiment is only not used in and limits the scope of the invention for the present invention is described, after having read the present invention, those skilled in the art all fall within the application's claims to the amendment of the various equivalent form of values of the present invention and limit.
Embodiment 1
(1) prepare carbon foam: first in air, polyurethane foam is heated at 200 DEG C; Then in inert atmosphere, carbonization at 900 DEG C; Thereby prepare carbon foam.
(2) nickel deposited on carbon foam: the carbon foam making is cleaned up, fully flood 5min in plating solution; Taking the carbon foam that makes as negative electrode, 99.99% pure nickel is anode, and nickelous sulfate is main salt, by alternating current pulse, deposits the nickel coating of 1 μ m at carbon foam surface, obtains foam nickel material.
(3) preparation of surface wear-resistant layer: the nickel plating solution of above-mentioned nickel foam being put into high concentration, and in plating solution, to add appropriate granularity be the SiC nano powder of 10nm, by the rapid stirring of magnetic stir bar and the high electric current of D.C. regulated power supply, obtain SiC-Ni composite deposite at nickel foam surface fast deposition SiC, Ni crystal grain, controlling relevant parameter, to make thickness of coating be 0.1mm.
(4) nickel foam that surface is had to composite deposite is taken out, clean and dry with distilled water flushing, obtains a kind of wear-resisting foam nickel material.
The nickel foam material that said method makes, is made up of the carbon foam substrate of conducting electricity, carbon foam surface nickel coating and surface wear-resistant layer.Material internal presents three-dimensional net structure, is cross-linked and is formed by irregular perforate not of uniform size.
Embodiment 2
(1) prepare carbon foam: first in air, polyurethane foam is heated at 260 DEG C; Then in inert atmosphere, carbonization at 850 DEG C; Thereby prepare carbon foam.
(2) nickel deposited on carbon foam: the carbon foam making is cleaned up, fully flood 15min in plating solution; Taking the carbon foam that makes as negative electrode, 99.99% pure nickel is anode, and nickelous sulfate is main salt, by alternating current pulse, deposits the nickel coating of 2 μ m at carbon foam surface, obtains foam nickel material.
(3) preparation of surface wear-resistant layer: the nickel plating solution of above-mentioned nickel foam being put into high concentration, and in plating solution, to add appropriate granularity be the SiC nano powder of 20nm, by the rapid stirring of magnetic stir bar and the high electric current of D.C. regulated power supply, obtain SiC-Ni composite deposite at nickel foam surface fast deposition SiC, Ni crystal grain, controlling relevant parameter, to make thickness of coating be 0.5mm.
(4) nickel foam that surface is had to composite deposite is taken out, clean and dry with distilled water flushing, obtains a kind of wear-resisting foam nickel material.
The nickel foam material that said method makes, is made up of the carbon foam substrate of conducting electricity, carbon foam surface nickel coating and surface wear-resistant layer.Material internal presents three-dimensional net structure, and field irregular perforate not of uniform size is cross-linked and forms.
Above are only two detailed description of the invention of the present invention, but design concept of the present invention is not limited to this, allly utilizes this design to carry out the change of unsubstantiality to the present invention, all should belong to the behavior of invading the scope of protection of the invention.In every case be the content that does not depart from technical solution of the present invention, any type of simple modification, equivalent variations and the remodeling above embodiment done according to technical spirit of the present invention, still belong to the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a wear-resisting nickel foam, is characterized in that described nickel foam material is made up of the carbon foam substrate of conducting electricity, carbon foam surface nickel coating and surface wear-resistant layer.
2. nickel foam according to claim 1, is characterized in that material internal presents three-dimensional net structure, is cross-linked and is formed by irregular holes not of uniform size, has large specific area, can fill phase transformation, inhale the multiple materials such as ripple.
3. foam nickel material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described carbon foam substrate has open-celled structure, and the length-width ratio in hole is 0.6～1.6.
4. nickel foam according to claim 1, is characterized in that described carbon foam surface nickel coating thickness is 0.3～3 μ m.
5. nickel foam according to claim 1, is characterized in that described surface wear-resistant layer is made up of SiC-Ni composite deposite, and thickness of coating is 0.1～0.8mm.
6. nickel foam according to claim 1, is characterized in that the content of SiC in described surface wear-resistant layer is 1～5%, and particle diameter is 5～20nm.
7. a preparation method for wear-resisting nickel foam, is characterized in that comprising the step of following order:
(1) heating, carbonization polyurethane foam are prepared carbon foam;
(2) the carbon foam making is cleaned up, in plating solution, fully flood 5～30min;
(3) taking carbon foam as negative electrode, pure nickel target is anode, connects alternating current pulse, nickel deposited coating in carbon foam substrate, and controlling thickness of coating is 0.3～3 μ m, obtains foam nickel material;
(4) above-mentioned nickel foam is put into the nickel plating solution of high concentration, and in plating solution, to add appropriate granularity be the SiC nano powder of 5～20nm, by the rapid stirring of magnetic stir bar and the high electric current of D.C. regulated power supply, obtain SiC-Ni composite deposite at nickel foam surface fast deposition SiC, Ni crystal grain;
(5) negative electrode nickel foam is taken out, clean and dry with distilled water flushing, obtain a kind of wear-resisting foam nickel material.
8. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that carbon foam substrate heats carbonization by polyurethane foam and obtains, and preparation technology carries out in two steps: first in air, polyurethane foam is heated at 200～280 DEG C; Then in inert atmosphere, carbonization at 700～900 DEG C; Thereby prepare carbon foam.
9. method according to claim 7, the power supply that it is characterized in that carbon foam surface nickel coating is alternating-current pulse electricity, and carbon foam substrate is fully flooded in plating solution to 10～30min before electroplating, taking carbon foam as negative electrode with substrate, 99.99% pure nickel target is anode, and nickelous sulfate is main salt.
10. method according to claim 7, the preparation method who it is characterized in that surface composite plating adds appropriate SiC nano powder in the nickel plating solution of high concentration, by the rapid stirring of magnetic stir bar and the high electric current of D.C. regulated power supply, obtain at nickel foam surface fast deposition SiC, Ni crystal grain.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410151293.3A CN103950245A (en) | 2013-08-02 | 2014-04-15 | Wear-resistant nickel foam and preparation method thereof |
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| CN201310332599.4 | 2013-08-02 | ||
| CN201310332599 | 2013-08-02 | ||
| CN201410151293.3A CN103950245A (en) | 2013-08-02 | 2014-04-15 | Wear-resistant nickel foam and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103950245A true CN103950245A (en) | 2014-07-30 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111378998A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-07-07 | 烟台东方新程科技有限公司 | Foam metal processing technology |
| CN115612249A (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2023-01-17 | 上海海事大学 | Resin-based composite material filled with high-thermal-conductivity 3D skeleton foam and preparation method thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP3664100B2 (en) * | 2001-05-28 | 2005-06-22 | 三菱ふそうトラック・バス株式会社 | Aluminum pulley |
| CN101104893A (en) * | 2006-07-14 | 2008-01-16 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Metal/carbonyl composite foaming material and preparation method thereof |
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2014
- 2014-04-15 CN CN201410151293.3A patent/CN103950245A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3664100B2 (en) * | 2001-05-28 | 2005-06-22 | 三菱ふそうトラック・バス株式会社 | Aluminum pulley |
| CN101104893A (en) * | 2006-07-14 | 2008-01-16 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Metal/carbonyl composite foaming material and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 胡传炘等: "《涂层技术原理及应用 》", 30 September 2000 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111378998A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-07-07 | 烟台东方新程科技有限公司 | Foam metal processing technology |
| CN111378998B (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2022-03-01 | 烟台东方新程科技有限公司 | Foam metal processing technology |
| CN115612249A (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2023-01-17 | 上海海事大学 | Resin-based composite material filled with high-thermal-conductivity 3D skeleton foam and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20140730 |