CN103940718A - On-site loose material penetration experiment device - Google Patents
On-site loose material penetration experiment device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103940718A CN103940718A CN201410141718.2A CN201410141718A CN103940718A CN 103940718 A CN103940718 A CN 103940718A CN 201410141718 A CN201410141718 A CN 201410141718A CN 103940718 A CN103940718 A CN 103940718A
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 94
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 42
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 20
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 6
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 abstract 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012956 testing procedure Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007903 penetration ability Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an on-site loose material penetration experiment device. The device comprises a vertical penetration device, a horizontal penetration device, a bottom support device, a pressure gauge, an upper water discharge connector, a front side surface water discharge connector, a water penetration stone, a lower water partitioning plate, a bottom water discharge tube, an upper water supply pressurizing connector, a pressurizing instrument, a cover plate, a right side surface water supply pressurizing connector, a front side surface water supply pressurizing interface, a right side surface water discharge connector, a water penetration stone baffle, a water partitioning plate clamping groove, a magnet, an iron rotation baffle, a left support plate, a side surface iron wire net, a side surface water partitioning plate, a support plate, a rotating shaft, an upper iron wire net, a water accumulation slope, a water gathering ditch, a side surface clamping groove, a side surface inserting plate, an inner frame and an outer frame. By the device, the horizontal penetration coefficient and vertical penetration coefficient of a loose material can be measured accurately, so that reliable theoretic data can be provided for stability study on various soil mass slope engineering and foundation pit engineering, and for prediction, forecast and hazard prevention of landslide and debris flow.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of on-the-spot permeability experimental facility of discrete material, belong to Geotechnical Engineering field, mine.
Background technology
Soil has the performance being seen through by water and is called native perviousness.Penetration property is the important engineering properties of the soil body, the intensity property of the decision soil body and distortion, fixed character, and infiltration problem is one of three major issues of soil mechanics, with main three large problems of strength problem, the synthetic soil mechanics of problem on deformation.Simultaneously, coefficient of permeability K is an index of concentrated expression soil body penetration ability, a basic parameter must using while being also seepage calculation, the correct of its numerical value determines for the seepage stability calculating of analyzing the dam body dam foundation, excavation of foundation pit side slope and other nature and Artificial Side-slope have very important meaning.Different types of soil, K value difference is very not large.Therefore, measuring accurately native infiltration coefficient is a very important job, and the correct of its numerical value determines that infiltration calculation is also had to very important meaning.The factor that affects infiltration coefficient size is a lot, as glutinousness of the shape of soil body particle, size, nonuniformity coefficient and water etc., set up the accurate Theory formula comparison difficulty of calculation permeability coefficient K, conventionally can carry out true defining K value by test method (comprising experimental determination method and on-site measurement method) or empirical estimation method.
Current experimental determination method has " constant head test method " and " varying head test method(s) " two kinds, but the distinct disadvantage due to experimental determination method self: soil sample level of disruption is large, the original composition structural failure of the soil body is serious, and the actual value of its experimental result and the on-the-spot soil body has larger difference.Compare with experimental determination method, the advantage of on-site measurement method maximum is just that it can farthest retain the original composition structure of the on-the-spot soil body, and less to the disturbance of the soil body, and accurate simulated field condition, so can obtain more exactly the infiltration coefficient of the soil body.However, that current field testing procedure (comprising the method for testing pits, monocycle method and dicyclo method etc.) has is consuming time, effort, cost are high, be subject to seasonal effect, only in the evaluation at some heavy constructions or water source, adopts at present.Common engineering limited investment, the duration is short, and the mensuration of infiltration coefficient is difficult to adopt existing field testing procedure.Meanwhile, because natural Rock And Soil has nonuniformity and anisotropy in varying degrees.And the assay method of most is assumed to homogeneous and isotropy by percolating medium, the infiltration coefficient obtaining is an integrated value.In fact, homogeneous soil is also not necessarily isotropic.Natural Rock And Soil all has nonuniformity and anisotropy in varying degrees.The reason that non-homogeneous water permeability forms be mainly due to the existence of bedding with and the difference of trend, particle forms and structural difference, the growth unevenness in hole and crack etc.For on-the-spot discrete material, there is to a certain extent heterogeneous anisotropic, so infiltration coefficient respectively level to vertical on definite be essential.
Therefore, in order to overcome the shortcoming of experimental determination method to " it is large that the soil body forms structural perturbation degree ", simultaneously for the shortcoming of field testing procedure " consuming time, effort, cost high, be subject to seasonal effect ", the present invention has developed a kind of on-the-spot permeability experimental facility of discrete material, this device compared with prior art, has the following advantages and effect: the permeability test of carrying out at the scene discrete material in the situation of undisturbed sample structure (the group structure of soil); Simultaneously, in order to consider nonuniformity and the anisotropy of the natural soil body, this on-the-spot permeability experimental facility can not only be measured respectively to same soil sample " vertical infiltration coefficient " and " horizontal permeation coefficient ", and can also measure respectively the same soil body at " the horizontal permeation coefficient " of two different directions; Thereby raising experimental precision.In addition, with existing on-the-spot permeability test method, not only save a large amount of human and material resources and financial resources, also greatly improved the accuracy of the coefficient of permeability K of surveying.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: the on-the-spot permeability experimental facility that the invention provides a kind of discrete material, this device can not destroy under the condition of soil body prototype structure (organizing structure), to on-the-spot discrete material carry out respectively vertically, the permeability test of horizontal direction, to measure more exactly the vertical and horizontal permeation coefficient of discrete material, thereby reinforce gross data is provided for liquefaction, slope stability and the slope project of soil body material.
Technical scheme of the present invention is to provide a kind of on-the-spot permeability experimental facility of discrete material, and this device comprises vertical permeability apparatus 1, horizontal permeation device 2, bottom bearing device 3, tensimeter 4, upper drainage interface 5, graduated cylinder 6, bolt 7, leading flank drainage interface 8, permeable stone 9, lower water-stop sheet bell and spigot 10, lower water-stop sheet 11, end drainpipe 12, upper water-filling pressurization interface 13, pressurization instrument 14, cover plate 15, right flank water-filling pressurization interface 16, leading flank water-filling pressurization interface 17, right flank drainage interface 18, permeable stone baffle plate 19, water-stop sheet draw-in groove 20, magnet 21, irony butterfly 22, the left bell and spigot 23 of top entanglement, the left draw-in groove 24 of top entanglement, cover plate draw-in groove 25, side water-stop sheet pickup groove 26, on the entanglement of side, draw-in groove 27, left support plate 28, side entanglement 29, side water-stop sheet 30, under the entanglement of side, bell and spigot 31, horizontal permeation device bell and spigot 32, right support plate 33, rotation axis 34, top entanglement 35, the right draw-in groove 36 of top entanglement, the right bell and spigot 37 of top entanglement, the bell and spigot 38 of vertical permeability apparatus, cover plate bell and spigot 39, the draw-in groove 40 of vertical permeability apparatus, on the entanglement of side, bell and spigot 41, side entanglement lower bayonet slot 42, horizontal permeation device draw-in groove 43, the slope 44 of catchmenting, charge for remittance ditch 45, side draw-in groove 46, side water-stop sheet draw-in groove 47, side socket joint plate 48, inner frame 49, outside framework 50, horizontal permeation device 2 be positioned at bottom bearing device 3 above, vertical permeability apparatus 1 be positioned at horizontal permeation device 2 above,
The top of vertical permeability apparatus 1 is provided with tensimeter 4, a side of vertical permeability apparatus 1 is provided with drainage interface 5, another side is provided with water-filling pressurization interface 13, on the inner side of two sidewalls of vertical permeability apparatus 1, be respectively arranged with right support plate 33, left support plate 28, one side of right support plate 33 is provided with rotation axis 34, irony butterfly 22 is connected with right support plate 33 by rotation axis 34, the side of left support plate 28 is provided with magnet 21, and the below of irony butterfly 22 is provided with top entanglement 35; Top entanglement 35 is fixed on two sidewalls of vertical permeability apparatus 1;
Horizontal permeation device 2 comprises inner frame 49, outside framework 50, and inner frame 49 is fixed on outside framework 50 inside; The upper end of inner frame 49 is provided with bearing plate 51, above bearing plate 51, be provided with the draw-in groove 40 of vertical permeability apparatus, be provided with draw-in groove 27 on the entanglement of side below, in the draw-in groove 40 of the vertical permeability apparatus of bell and spigot 38 insertion of vertical permeability apparatus, horizontal permeation device 2 is fixing with vertical permeability apparatus 1; Four sides of inner frame 49 are four side entanglement 29;
A side of outside framework 50 is provided with right flank water-filling pressurization interface 16 and drainage interface 18, another side are provided with leading flank water-filling pressurization interface 17 and leading flank drainage interface 8, the lower end of outside framework 50 is provided with horizontal permeation device bell and spigot 32, the outside of outside framework 50 is provided with side draw-in groove 46, and the both sides of side draw-in groove 46 are provided with side socket joint plate 47; Between outside framework 50 and inner frame 49, be provided with cover plate draw-in groove 25, cover plate 15 is provided with cover plate bell and spigot 39, cover plate bell and spigot 39 inserts in cover plate draw-in grooves 25, and a side of cover plate 15 is fixed on the outside framework 50 of horizontal permeation device 2 by bolt 7, opposite side is connected with the outside of draw-in groove 40; Between the sidewall of side entanglement 29 and outside framework 50, be provided with side water-stop sheet 30, the lower end of cover plate bell and spigot 39 is provided with side water-stop sheet pickup groove 26, water-stop sheet 30 upper ends in side are connected with cover plate 15 by side water-stop sheet pickup groove 26, and the both sides of side water-stop sheet 30 are fixing by side water-stop sheet draw-in groove 47;
Bottom bearing device 3 is provided with horizontal permeation device draw-in groove 43, and the horizontal permeation device bell and spigot 32 of horizontal permeation device 2 inserts in horizontal permeation device draw-in groove 43 horizontal permeation device 2 and bottom bearing device 3 is fixing, the bottom surface of bottom bearing device 3 is the slope 44 of catchmenting, and at the bottom of slope aspect, drainpipe 12, the side on slope 44 of catchmenting is provided with charge for remittance ditch 45, end drainpipe 12 is arranged on one end of charge for remittance ditch 45, be communicated with graduated cylinder 6, the side of bottom bearing device 3 is provided with water-stop sheet draw-in groove 20, permeable stone baffle plate 19, in the bearing device 3 of bottom, be provided with lower water-stop sheet 11, above lower water-stop sheet 11, be provided with permeable stone 9, one side of lower water-stop sheet 11 is provided with lower water-stop sheet bell and spigot 10, lower water-stop sheet bell and spigot 10 on lower water-stop sheet 11 inserts in water-stop sheet draw-in groove 20, permeable stone 9 is positioned on permeable stone baffle plate 19.
The both sides of top of the present invention entanglement 35 are provided with the left bell and spigot 23 of top entanglement, the right bell and spigot 37 of top entanglement, on two sidewalls of vertical permeability apparatus 1, be respectively equipped with the left draw-in groove 24 of top entanglement and the right bell and spigot 37 of top entanglement, entanglement left bell and spigot 23 in top inserts in the left draw-in groove 24 of top entanglement, entanglement right bell and spigot 37 in top inserts in the right draw-in groove 36 of top entanglement top entanglement 35 is fixed on the sidewall of vertical permeability apparatus 1, and the lower end, side of vertical permeability apparatus 1 is provided with the bell and spigot 38 of vertical permeability apparatus; The degree of depth of the left draw-in groove 24 of top entanglement is greater than the right draw-in groove 36 of top entanglement.
The place, four angles of the outside of inner frame 49 of the present invention is provided with four socket joint plates 48, the place, four angles of outside framework 50 inside is provided with four side draw-in grooves 46, and the socket joint plate 48 on inner frame 49 inserts in the side draw-in groove 46 of outside frameworks 50 inner frame 49 and outside framework 50 is fixing.
The lower end of inner frame 49 of the present invention is provided with side entanglement lower bayonet slot 42, the upper end of side entanglement 29 is provided with bell and spigot 41, lower end on the entanglement of side and is provided with bell and spigot 31 under the entanglement of side, and on the entanglement of side, under bell and spigot 41, side entanglement, bell and spigot 31 inserts respectively on the entanglement of side in draw-in groove 27 and side entanglement lower bayonet slot 42; On the entanglement of side, the degree of depth of slotting of draw-in groove 27 is greater than the groove depth of side entanglement lower bayonet slot 42.
In vertical permeability test, pressurization instrument 14 is connected with upper water-filling pressurization interface 13, and in horizontal permeation experimentation, described leading flank water-filling pressurization interface 17 is connected with pressurization instrument 14 with right flank water-filling pressurization interface 16.
The catchment gradient on slope 44 of bottom surface of the present invention is 5 ‰～10 ‰, and described charge for remittance ditch 45 is grooves of side grade >10%.
When upper water-filling pressurization interface 13 does not pressurize, make together with irony butterfly 22 is drawn onto with magnet 21, irony butterfly 22 is closed.
Vertical permeability apparatus comprises the bell and spigot 38 of tensimeter 4, upper drainage interface 5, upper water-filling pressurization interface 13, pressurization instrument 14, magnet 21, irony butterfly 22, the left bell and spigot 23 of top entanglement, the left draw-in groove 24 of top entanglement, back up pad 33, rotation axis 34, top entanglement 35, the right draw-in groove 36 of top entanglement, the right bell and spigot 37 of top entanglement, vertical permeability apparatus; For the ease of installing and changing top entanglement 35, the degree of depth of slotting of the left draw-in groove 24 of top entanglement in this device is greater than the degree of depth of the right draw-in groove 36 of top entanglement; After installation, guarantee that entanglement left bell and spigot 23 in top leaves certain activity space, while all inserting the left draw-in groove 24 of top entanglement with the left bell and spigot 23 of convenient top entanglement, can take out smoothly top entanglement 35; Meanwhile, these device both sides in container are provided with left support plate 28, right support plate 33; In right side back up pad 33, be provided with rotation axis 34, be provided with magnet 21 on left support plate 28, this is mainly used in when upper water-filling pressurization interface 13 pressurizes, irony butterfly 22 being closed; In addition, water-filling pressurization interface 13 on being provided with in device, tensimeter 4, on drainage interface 5 and pressurization instrument 14,, in vertical permeability test, pressurization instrument 14 is connected with upper water-filling pressurization interface 13, water is by 14 pressurizations of pressurization instrument, and the mensuration of pressure is that depended on pressure table 4 completes; After having tested, by upper drainage interface 5, water is got rid of.
Horizontal permeation device 2 is to comprise tensimeter 4, graduated cylinder 6, bolt 7, leading flank drainage interface 8, pressurization instrument 14, cover plate 15, right flank water-filling pressurization interface 16, leading flank water-filling pressurization interface 17, right flank drainage interface 18, cover plate draw-in groove 25, left surface water-stop sheet pickup groove 26, on the entanglement of side, draw-in groove 27, side water-stop sheet draw-in groove 47, side entanglement 29, side water-stop sheet 30, under the entanglement of side, bell and spigot 31, horizontal permeation device bell and spigot 32, cover plate bell and spigot 39, the draw-in groove 40 of vertical permeability apparatus 1, on the entanglement of side, bell and spigot 41, side entanglement lower bayonet slot 42, side draw-in groove 46, side water-stop sheet draw-in groove 47, side socket joint plate 48, for the ease of installing and changing side entanglement 29, on the side entanglement in this device, the degree of depth of slotting of draw-in groove 27 is greater than the groove depth of side entanglement lower bayonet slot 42, after installation, guarantee that on the entanglement of side, bell and spigot 41 leaves certain activity space, while all inserting on the entanglement of side draw-in groove 27 with bell and spigot on the entanglement of convenient side 41, can take out smoothly side entanglement 29, the inside, four angles of the outside framework 50 of horizontal permeation device 2 is provided with four side draw-in grooves 46, and four angles of the outside of the inner frame 49 of horizontal permeation device 2 are provided with socket joint plate 48, the outside framework 50 of horizontal permeation device 2 and inner frame 49 are that the side draw-in groove 46 by four angles fixes and is connected with side socket joint plate 48, meanwhile, on side draw-in groove 46, be provided with side water-stop sheet draw-in groove 47, for side water-stop sheet 30 is installed, side water-stop sheet 30 is connected with cover plate 15 by left surface water-stop sheet pickup groove 26, and cover plate 15 is fixed on horizontal permeation device 2 by bolt 7, the leading flank of horizontal permeation device and right flank are provided with respectively leading flank water-filling pressurization interface 17 and right flank water-filling pressurization interface 16, in experimentation, these two interfaces are connected with pressurization instrument 14.
Bottom bearing device 3 is to comprise permeable stone 9, lower water-stop sheet bell and spigot 10, lower water-stop sheet 11, end drainpipe 12, permeable stone baffle plate 19, water-stop sheet draw-in groove 20, horizontal permeation device draw-in groove 43, the slope 44 of catchmenting, charge for remittance ditch 45; The slope 44 of catchmenting, the bottom surface of device is the slopes with drainpipe 12 at the bottom of certain slope 5 ‰～10 ‰ slope aspect, charge for remittance ditch 45 is grooves of side grade >10%, and object is to discharge timely from vertical permeability apparatus 1 water through soil sample infiltration; Meanwhile, permeable stone 9 is positioned on permeable stone baffle plate 19, and the object of permeable stone 9 is not only infiltration, and can carry the weight of soil sample; Lower water-stop sheet bell and spigot 10 on lower water-stop sheet 11 is to be connected with water-stop sheet draw-in groove 20.
Operation steps of the present invention is:
The first step: select at the scene the position on a soil body slope, first base plate bearing device 3 levels are inserted in the soil body, to determine the position of soil body bottom; And then the inner frame of horizontal permeation device 2 is inserted in the soil body, until horizontal permeation device bell and spigot 32 stops while approaching soon horizontal permeation device draw-in groove 43; Then clear up the soil body of horizontal permeation device draw-in groove 43 peripheries, and continue by the inner frame of horizontal permeation device insert the soil body, until horizontal permeation device bell and spigot 32 inserts in horizontal permeation device draw-in groove 43 completely;
Second step: the soil body of inner frame 49 peripheries of cleaning horizontal permeation device, then put down the outside framework of horizontal permeation device, to be completely fixed soil body sample, prevent that the soil body sample group structure from being destroyed, clear up more than 2 soil body of horizontal permeation device simultaneously, and install vertical permeability apparatus 1;
The 3rd step: when vertical permeability test, the side water-stop sheet 30 of horizontal permeation device 2 need be put into side water-stop sheet draw-in groove 47, and install and fix cover plate 15, and take out lower water-stop sheet 11, pressurization instrument 14 is connected with upper water-filling pressurization interface 13; After experiment starts, pressurization instrument 14 keeps the hydraulic pressure of vertical permeability apparatus to keep stable, and its stable hydraulic pressure needs irony butterfly 22 to be opened, and meanwhile, the infiltration water that the end drainpipe 12 on bottom bearing device 3 is discharged flows into graduated cylinder 6, and records time of penetration; After experiment completes, the instrument 14 that stops pressurizeing, then opens the valve of drainage interface 5, discharges the water in vertical permeability apparatus 1;
The 4th step: when two sides horizontal permeation is tested before and after carrying out, need lower water-stop sheet 11 to insert in water-stop sheet draw-in groove 20, the side water-stop sheet of the front and back of horizontal permeation device 2 30 is taken out is corresponding taking-up of horizontal permeation device simultaneously, and 30 of the side water-stop sheets on two sides, another left and right should be put into side water-stop sheet draw-in groove 47; At experimentation, pressurization instrument 14 is connected with leading flank water-filling pressurization interface 17, by pressurization instrument 14, keeps the hydraulic pressure of horizontal permeation device to keep stable, opens horizontal permeability apparatus drainpipe below simultaneously, and allow the water of discharging flow into graduated cylinder 6, and record time of penetration; After experiment completes, the instrument 14 that stops pressurizeing, then opens the valve of right flank drainage interface 18, the water in discharge horizontal permeability apparatus; In like manner, also can complete the permeability test of left and right sides.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1), in permeability test process, the composition structure that can retain largely the original soil body organizes structure;
(2) on-the-spot permeability experimental facility can not only be measured to same soil sample " vertical infiltration coefficient " and " horizontal permeation coefficient ", and can also measure the same soil body at " the horizontal permeation coefficient " of two different directions;
(3) by pressurization instrument, apply seepage pressure, can obtain lasting and stable experiment condition;
(4) this device also can pass through to change the screwhole position of side water-stop sheet, thereby changes the infiltrating area of horizontal permeation;
(5) can carry out permeability test repeatedly to the same soil body;
(6) can consider natural soil body nonuniformity and anisotropy to a certain extent;
(7), when saving a large amount of human and material resources and financial resources, also greatly improved the accuracy of the coefficient of permeability K of surveying.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is on-the-spot permeability experimental facility framed structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the whole diagrammatic cross-section of on-the-spot permeability experimental facility;
Fig. 3 is the internal structure schematic diagram of vertical permeability apparatus;
Fig. 4 is the internal structure schematic diagram of horizontal permeation device;
Fig. 5 is housing configuration diagram after horizontal permeation device splits;
Fig. 6 is inside casing configuration diagram after horizontal permeation device splits;
Fig. 7 is base plate bearing device structural representation;
Name corresponding to number in the figure is called: the vertical permeability apparatus of 1-, 2-horizontal permeation device, 3-bottom bearing device, 4-tensimeter, the upper drainage interface of 5-, 6-graduated cylinder, 7-bolt, 8-leading flank drainage interface, 9-permeable stone, water-stop sheet bell and spigot under 10-, water-stop sheet under 11-, drainpipe at the bottom of 12-, the upper water-filling pressurization of 13-interface, the 14-instrument that pressurizes, 15-cover plate, 16-side water-filling pressurization interface, 17-leading flank water-filling pressurization interface, 18-right flank drainage interface, 19-permeable stone baffle plate, 20-water-stop sheet draw-in groove, 21-magnet, 22-irony butterfly, the left bell and spigot of 23-top entanglement, the left draw-in groove of 24-top entanglement, 25-cover plate draw-in groove, 26-left surface water-stop sheet pickup groove, draw-in groove on the entanglement of 27-side, 28-left support plate, 29-side entanglement, 30-side water-stop sheet, bell and spigot under the entanglement of 31-side, 32-horizontal permeation device bell and spigot, 33-right support plate, 34-rotation axis, 35-top entanglement, the right draw-in groove of 36-top entanglement, the right bell and spigot of 37-top entanglement, the bell and spigot of the vertical permeability apparatus of 38-, 39-cover plate bell and spigot, the draw-in groove of the vertical permeability apparatus of 40-, bell and spigot on the entanglement of 41-side, 42-side entanglement lower bayonet slot, 43-horizontal permeation device draw-in groove, the 44-slope of catchmenting, 45-charge for remittance ditch, 46-side draw-in groove, 47-side water-stop sheet draw-in groove, 48-side fixed head, 49-inner frame, 50-outside framework, 51-bearing plate.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to described content.
Embodiment 1
The technical scheme of the present embodiment is to provide a kind of on-the-spot permeability experimental facility of discrete material, and this device comprises vertical permeability apparatus 1, horizontal permeation device 2, bottom bearing device 3, tensimeter 4, upper drainage interface 5, graduated cylinder 6, bolt 7, leading flank drainage interface 8, permeable stone 9, lower water-stop sheet bell and spigot 10, lower water-stop sheet 11, end drainpipe 12, upper water-filling pressurization interface 13, pressurization instrument 14, cover plate 15, right flank water-filling pressurization interface 16, leading flank water-filling pressurization interface 17, right flank drainage interface 18, permeable stone baffle plate 19, water-stop sheet draw-in groove 20, magnet 21, irony butterfly 22, the left bell and spigot 23 of top entanglement, the left draw-in groove 24 of top entanglement, cover plate draw-in groove 25, side water-stop sheet pickup groove 26, on the entanglement of side, draw-in groove 27, left support plate 28, side entanglement 29, side water-stop sheet 30, under the entanglement of side, bell and spigot 31, horizontal permeation device bell and spigot 32, right support plate 33, rotation axis 34, top entanglement 35, the right draw-in groove 36 of top entanglement, the right bell and spigot 37 of top entanglement, the bell and spigot 38 of vertical permeability apparatus, cover plate bell and spigot 39, the draw-in groove 40 of vertical permeability apparatus, on the entanglement of side, bell and spigot 41, side entanglement lower bayonet slot 42, horizontal permeation device draw-in groove 43, the slope 44 of catchmenting, charge for remittance ditch 45, side draw-in groove 46, side water-stop sheet draw-in groove 47, side socket joint plate 48, inner frame 49, outside framework 50, horizontal permeation device 2 be positioned at bottom bearing device 3 above, vertical permeability apparatus 1 be positioned at horizontal permeation device 2 above,
The top of vertical permeability apparatus 1 is provided with tensimeter 4, a side of vertical permeability apparatus 1 is provided with drainage interface 5, another side is provided with water-filling pressurization interface 13, on the inner side of two sidewalls of vertical permeability apparatus 1, be respectively arranged with right support plate 33, left support plate 28, one side of right support plate 33 is provided with rotation axis 34, irony butterfly 22 is connected with right support plate 33 by rotation axis 34, the side of left support plate 28 is provided with magnet 21, and the below of irony butterfly 22 is provided with top entanglement 35; Top entanglement 35 is fixed on two sidewalls of vertical permeability apparatus 1;
Horizontal permeation device 2 comprises inner frame 49, outside framework 50, and inner frame 49 is fixed on outside framework 50 inside; The upper end of inner frame 49 is provided with bearing plate 51, above bearing plate 51, be provided with the draw-in groove 40 of vertical permeability apparatus, be provided with draw-in groove 27 on the entanglement of side below, in the draw-in groove 40 of the vertical permeability apparatus of bell and spigot 38 insertion of vertical permeability apparatus, horizontal permeation device 2 is fixing with vertical permeability apparatus 1; Four sides of inner frame 49 are four side entanglement 29;
A side of outside framework 50 is provided with right flank water-filling pressurization interface 16 and drainage interface 18, another side are provided with leading flank water-filling pressurization interface 17 and leading flank drainage interface 8, the lower end of outside framework 50 is provided with horizontal permeation device bell and spigot 32, the outside of outside framework 50 is provided with side draw-in groove 46, and the both sides of side draw-in groove 46 are provided with side socket joint plate 47; Between outside framework 50 and inner frame 49, be provided with cover plate draw-in groove 25, cover plate 15 is provided with cover plate bell and spigot 39, cover plate bell and spigot 39 inserts in cover plate draw-in grooves 25, and a side of cover plate 15 is fixed on the outside framework 50 of horizontal permeation device 2 by bolt 7, opposite side is connected with the outside of draw-in groove 40; Between the sidewall of side entanglement 29 and outside framework 50, be provided with side water-stop sheet 30, the lower end of cover plate bell and spigot 39 is provided with side water-stop sheet pickup groove 26, water-stop sheet 30 upper ends in side are connected with cover plate 15 by side water-stop sheet pickup groove 26, and the both sides of side water-stop sheet 30 are fixing by side water-stop sheet draw-in groove 47;
Bottom bearing device 3 is provided with horizontal permeation device draw-in groove 43, and the horizontal permeation device bell and spigot 32 of horizontal permeation device 2 inserts in horizontal permeation device draw-in groove 43 horizontal permeation device 2 and bottom bearing device 3 is fixing, the bottom surface of bottom bearing device 3 is the slope 44 of catchmenting, and at the bottom of slope aspect, drainpipe 12, the side on slope 44 of catchmenting is provided with charge for remittance ditch 45, end drainpipe 12 is arranged on one end of charge for remittance ditch 45, be communicated with graduated cylinder 6, the side of bottom bearing device 3 is provided with water-stop sheet draw-in groove 20, permeable stone baffle plate 19, in the bearing device 3 of bottom, be provided with lower water-stop sheet 11, above lower water-stop sheet 11, be provided with permeable stone 9, one side of lower water-stop sheet 11 is provided with lower water-stop sheet bell and spigot 10, lower water-stop sheet bell and spigot 10 on lower water-stop sheet 11 inserts in water-stop sheet draw-in groove 20, permeable stone 9 is positioned on permeable stone baffle plate 19.
The both sides of the present embodiment top entanglement 35 are provided with the left bell and spigot 23 of top entanglement, the right bell and spigot 37 of top entanglement, on two sidewalls of vertical permeability apparatus 1, be respectively equipped with the left draw-in groove 24 of top entanglement and the right bell and spigot 37 of top entanglement, entanglement left bell and spigot 23 in top inserts in the left draw-in groove 24 of top entanglement, entanglement right bell and spigot 37 in top inserts in the right draw-in groove 36 of top entanglement top entanglement 35 is fixed on the sidewall of vertical permeability apparatus 1, and the lower end, side of vertical permeability apparatus 1 is provided with the bell and spigot 38 of vertical permeability apparatus; The degree of depth of the left draw-in groove 24 of top entanglement is greater than the right draw-in groove 36 of top entanglement.
The place, four angles of the outside of the present embodiment inner frame 49 is provided with four socket joint plates 48, the place, four angles of outside framework 50 inside is provided with four side draw-in grooves 46, and the socket joint plate 48 on inner frame 49 inserts in the side draw-in groove 46 of outside frameworks 50 inner frame 49 and outside framework 50 is fixing.
The lower end of the present embodiment inner frame 49 is provided with side entanglement lower bayonet slot 42, the upper end of side entanglement 29 is provided with bell and spigot 41, lower end on the entanglement of side and is provided with bell and spigot 31 under the entanglement of side, and on the entanglement of side, under bell and spigot 41, side entanglement, bell and spigot 31 inserts respectively on the entanglement of side in draw-in groove 27 and side entanglement lower bayonet slot 42; On the entanglement of side, the degree of depth of slotting of draw-in groove 27 is greater than the groove depth of side entanglement lower bayonet slot 42.
In vertical permeability test, pressurization instrument 14 is connected with upper water-filling pressurization interface 13, and in horizontal permeation experimentation, described leading flank water-filling pressurization interface 17 is connected with pressurization instrument 14 with right flank water-filling pressurization interface 16.
Described in the present embodiment, the catchment gradient on slope 44 of bottom surface is 5 ‰～10 ‰, and described charge for remittance ditch 45 is grooves of side grade >10%.
When upper water-filling pressurization interface 13 does not pressurize, make together with irony butterfly 22 is drawn onto with magnet 21, irony butterfly 22 is closed.
Claims (7)
1. an on-the-spot permeability experimental facility for discrete material, is characterized in that: this device comprises vertical permeability apparatus (1), horizontal permeation device (2), bottom bearing device (3), tensimeter (4), upper drainage interface (5), graduated cylinder (6), bolt (7), leading flank drainage interface (8), permeable stone (9), lower water-stop sheet bell and spigot (10), lower water-stop sheet (11), end drainpipe (12), upper water-filling pressurization interface (13), pressurization instrument (14), cover plate (15), right flank water-filling pressurization interface (16), leading flank water-filling pressurization interface (17), right flank drainage interface (18), permeable stone baffle plate (19), water-stop sheet draw-in groove (20), magnet (21), irony butterfly (22), the left bell and spigot of top entanglement (23), the left draw-in groove of top entanglement (24), cover plate draw-in groove (25), side water-stop sheet pickup groove (26), draw-in groove on the entanglement of side (27), left support plate (28), side entanglement (29), side water-stop sheet (30), bell and spigot under the entanglement of side (31), horizontal permeation device bell and spigot (32), right support plate (33), rotation axis (34), top entanglement (35), the right draw-in groove of top entanglement (36), the right bell and spigot of top entanglement (37), the bell and spigot (38) of vertical permeability apparatus, cover plate bell and spigot (39), the draw-in groove (40) of vertical permeability apparatus, bell and spigot on the entanglement of side (41), side entanglement lower bayonet slot (42), horizontal permeation device draw-in groove (43), the slope (44) of catchmenting, charge for remittance ditch (45), side draw-in groove (46), side water-stop sheet draw-in groove (47), side socket joint plate (48), inner frame (49), outside framework (50), horizontal permeation device (2) be positioned at bottom bearing device (3) above, vertical permeability apparatus (1) be positioned at horizontal permeation device (2) above,
The top of vertical permeability apparatus (1) is provided with tensimeter (4), a side of vertical permeability apparatus (1) is provided with drainage interface (5), another side is provided with water-filling pressurization interface (13), on the inner side of two sidewalls of vertical permeability apparatus (1), be respectively arranged with right support plate (33), left support plate (28), one side of right support plate (33) is provided with rotation axis (34), irony butterfly (22) is connected with right support plate (33) by rotation axis (34), the side of left support plate (28) is provided with magnet (21), the below of irony butterfly (22) is provided with top entanglement (35), top entanglement (35) is fixed on two sidewalls of vertical permeability apparatus (1),
Horizontal permeation device (2) comprises inner frame (49), outside framework (50), and inner frame (49) is fixed on outside framework (50) inside; The upper end of inner frame (49) is provided with bearing plate (51), being provided with above the draw-in groove (40) of vertical permeability apparatus, being provided with draw-in groove on the entanglement of side (27) below of bearing plate (51), the bell and spigot (38) of vertical permeability apparatus inserts in the draw-in groove (40) of vertical permeability apparatus horizontal permeation device (2) and vertical permeability apparatus (1) is fixed; Four sides of inner frame (49) are four side entanglement (29);
A side of outside framework (50) is provided with right flank water-filling pressurization interface (16) and drainage interface (18), another side are provided with leading flank water-filling pressurization interface (17) and leading flank drainage interface (8), the lower end of outside framework (50) is provided with horizontal permeation device bell and spigot (32), the outside of outside framework (50) is provided with side draw-in groove (46), and the both sides of side draw-in groove (46) are provided with side socket joint plate (47); Between outside framework (50) and inner frame (49), be provided with cover plate draw-in groove (25), cover plate (15) is provided with cover plate bell and spigot (39), cover plate bell and spigot (39) inserts in cover plate draw-in groove (25), and the outside framework (50) that a side of cover plate (15) is fixed on horizontal permeation device (2) by bolt (7) is gone up, opposite side is connected with the outside of draw-in groove (40); Between the sidewall of side entanglement (29) and outside framework (50), be provided with side water-stop sheet (30), the lower end of cover plate bell and spigot (39) is provided with side water-stop sheet pickup groove (26), side water-stop sheet (30) upper end is connected with cover plate (15) by side water-stop sheet pickup groove (26), and the both sides of side water-stop sheet (30) are fixing by side water-stop sheet draw-in groove (47);
Bottom bearing device (3) is provided with horizontal permeation device draw-in groove (43), and the horizontal permeation device bell and spigot (32) of horizontal permeation device (2) inserts in horizontal permeation device draw-in groove (43) horizontal permeation device (2) and bottom bearing device (3) is fixing, the bottom surface of bottom bearing device (3) is the slope of catchmenting (44), and drainpipe at the bottom of slope aspect (12), the side on slope (44) of catchmenting is provided with charge for remittance ditch (45), end drainpipe (12) is arranged on one end of charge for remittance ditch (45), and graduated cylinder (6) is communicated with, the side of bottom bearing device (3) is provided with water-stop sheet draw-in groove (20), permeable stone baffle plate (19), in bottom bearing device (3), be provided with lower water-stop sheet (11), above lower water-stop sheet (11), be provided with permeable stone (9), one side of lower water-stop sheet (11) is provided with lower water-stop sheet bell and spigot (10), lower water-stop sheet bell and spigot (10) on lower water-stop sheet (11) inserts in water-stop sheet draw-in groove (20), permeable stone (9) is positioned on permeable stone baffle plate (19).
2. the on-the-spot permeability experimental facility of discrete material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the both sides of top entanglement (35) are provided with the left bell and spigot of top entanglement (23), the right bell and spigot of top entanglement (37), on two sidewalls of vertical permeability apparatus (1), be respectively equipped with the left draw-in groove of top entanglement (24) and the right bell and spigot of top entanglement (37), the left bell and spigot of top entanglement (23) inserts in the left draw-in groove of top entanglement (24), the right bell and spigot of top entanglement (37) inserts in the right draw-in groove of top entanglement (36) top entanglement (35) is fixed on the sidewall of vertical permeability apparatus (1), the lower end, side of vertical permeability apparatus (1) is provided with the bell and spigot (38) of vertical permeability apparatus, the degree of depth of the left draw-in groove of top entanglement (24) is greater than the right draw-in groove of top entanglement (36).
3. the on-the-spot permeability experimental facility of discrete material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the place, four angles of the outside of inner frame (49) is provided with four socket joint plates (48), the inner place, four angles of outside framework (50) is provided with four side draw-in grooves (46), in the side draw-in groove (46) of socket joint plate (48) the insertion outside framework (50) on inner frame (49), inner frame (49) and outside framework (50) is fixing.
4. the on-the-spot permeability experimental facility of discrete material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the lower end of inner frame (49) is provided with side entanglement lower bayonet slot (42), the upper end of side entanglement (29) is provided with bell and spigot on the entanglement of side (41), lower end is provided with bell and spigot under the entanglement of side (31), and under bell and spigot on the entanglement of side (41), side entanglement, bell and spigot (31) inserts respectively in draw-in groove on the entanglement of side (27) and side entanglement lower bayonet slot (42); The degree of depth of slotting of draw-in groove on the entanglement of side (27) is greater than the groove depth of side entanglement lower bayonet slot (42).
5. the on-the-spot permeability experimental facility of discrete material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in vertical permeability test, pressurization instrument 14 is connected with upper water-filling pressurization interface 13, in horizontal permeation experimentation, described leading flank water-filling pressurization interface (17) is connected with pressurization instrument (14) with right flank water-filling pressurization interface (16).
6. the on-the-spot permeability experimental facility of discrete material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the catchment gradient on slope (44) of described bottom surface is 5 ‰～10 ‰, and described charge for remittance ditch (45) is the groove of side grade >10%.
7. the on-the-spot permeability experimental facility of discrete material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: when upper water-filling pressurization interface (13) does not pressurize, make together with irony butterfly (22) is drawn onto with magnet (21), irony butterfly (22) is closed.
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