CN103939373B - The controlling method of the vacuum pump control system in a kind of Water-ring vacuum pump assembly - Google Patents
The controlling method of the vacuum pump control system in a kind of Water-ring vacuum pump assembly Download PDFInfo
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- CN103939373B CN103939373B CN201410129965.0A CN201410129965A CN103939373B CN 103939373 B CN103939373 B CN 103939373B CN 201410129965 A CN201410129965 A CN 201410129965A CN 103939373 B CN103939373 B CN 103939373B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C19/00—Rotary-piston pumps with fluid ring or the like, specially adapted for elastic fluids
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Abstract
The invention belongs to vacuum equipment field, be specifically related to the controlling method of the vacuum pump control system in Water-ring vacuum pump assembly, DCS in control system is connected with pressure transducer, temperature transducer, gas circuit bypass valve, propellant valve respectively, pressure measured value P is inputted DCS by temperature measured value t, pressure transducer by temperature transducer, DCS draws calculation of pressure value P1, P2 and P3 after carrying out computing according to the functional relation of P and t, compares with pressure measured value P; As P≤P2, close gas circuit bypass valve, open propellant valve, vacuum pump is dropped into and bleeds; As P >=P3, open gas circuit bypass valve, close propellant valve, vacuum pump is withdrawn from and bleeds.The present invention can realize controlling exactly the input of vacuum pump and withdraw from opportunity, effectively avoids cavitation to occur and taken out system vacuum declining, and machine set system efficient stable is run.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to vacuum equipment field, be specifically related to the controlling method of the vacuum pump control system in Water-ring vacuum pump assembly.
Background technique
Current power plant generally all adopts liquid ring vacuum pump assembly as the vaccum-pumping equipment of vapour condenser.The vacuum of vapour condenser is higher, and the generating efficiency of power plant is higher, so water-ring pump runs under being all in limiting vacuum (can reach when limiting vacuum here refers to that water-ring pump works most high vacuum).Because liquid-ring vacuum pump adopts water as working solution, so liquid-ring vacuum pump runs under limiting vacuum, cavitation will be there is.Cavitation is a kind of physical phenomenon.At a certain temperature, in the suction working area of water-ring pump, pressure is low, and to certain degree, the gas that some is dissolved in working solution will be separated out from pendular ring, and, pressure lower when saturation vapour pressure (or) more close to pendular ring, the bubble of separating out from pendular ring is more, and speed is faster, when suction pressure reaches the saturation vapour pressure of pendular ring, pendular ring is in fluidized state, and the rate of air sucked in required of water-ring pump will be zero.From the suction working area of water-ring pump to discharge working area, due to the increase gradually of pressure, sharply reduce, so that break from sucking the bubble that working area pendular ring separates out.While gross blowhole breaks, the hole that liquid particle will produce when filling bubbles burst at high speed, occurs mutually clash into and form water attack.The frequency of this water attack is up to 2500Hz, and pressure, up to 49MPa, to making blade surface occur pit, time serious, can making the metal peeling of blade surface and being formed cellular.Cavitation damage except the effect of mechanical force also with the effect of the Various Complex such as electrolysis, chemical corrosion.The cavitation scene of liquid-ring vacuum pump is that exhaust capacity declines rapidly, and produce very large noise, vibration, impeller damages very soon.The method of liquid ring vacuum pump cavitation can be fundamentally avoided before liquid-ring vacuum pump, to increase vacuum pump exactly, after gas being carried out certain compression by vacuum pump, enter liquid-ring vacuum pump again, liquid ring vacuum pump inlet pressure improves, and cavitation just can be avoided.And vacuum pump also has the ability improving condenser vacuum further, so increasing power plant all adopts the unit of vacuum pump+liquid-ring vacuum pump, the said Water-ring vacuum pump assembly of the present invention refers to the assembly of all parts such as water ring vaccum pump+vacuum pump+moisture trap+heat exchanger.
The advantage of vacuum pump only embodies when high vacuum, and when rough vacuum, not to be used alone liquid-ring vacuum pump good for exhaust capacity, thus control well vacuum pump input and withdraw from guarantee unit Effec-tive Function.In the prior art, be by unit suction port dress pressure switch, set two force value and control vacuum pump.Bring following shortcoming thus: because cavitation erosion is relevant with the working water temperature of water ring vaccum pump, vacuum pump is not dropped into according to pressure setting under the operating mode that the water temperatures such as summer are higher, but there is cavitation in liquid-ring vacuum pump, vibration, noise aggravation, substantially reduce the working life of liquid-ring vacuum pump; On the contrary, under the operating mode that in the winter time etc. water temperature is lower, reality cavitates, but has dropped into vacuum pump, and complete equipment exhaust capacity is declined, and causes condenser vacuum to decline, and increases cost of electricity-generating; And when this method switches, air-extractor exhaust capacity changes greatly, and then affects the stability of vapour condenser and steam turbine operation.Above-mentioned situation occurs too in the technological process of pharmacy, chemical industry etc. high vacuum.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, provides a kind of be applicable to effectively can controlling the input of vacuum pump and withdrawing from control system and the controlling method on opportunity of high vacuum industry vacuum pump unit for the deficiencies in the prior art.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is achieved by the following technical solution:
Vacuum pump control system in a kind of Water-ring vacuum pump assembly, comprise Distributed Control System and be called for short DCS, pressure transducer, temperature transducer, gas circuit bypass valve, propellant valve, wherein pressure transducer is arranged on the exhaust pipe of Water-ring vacuum pump assembly, temperature transducer is arranged on the working water pipeline of water ring vaccum pump, the signal input DCS of pressure transducer and temperature transducer, gas circuit bypass valve is arranged on the pipeline in parallel with vacuum pump, propellant valve is arranged on the propellant entrance pipe of vacuum pump, gas circuit bypass valve and propellant valve all access DCS.
Particularly, described vacuum pump is connected with the air outlet of the steam-water separator in Water-ring vacuum pump assembly by propellant entrance pipe, and the working water pipeline of described water ring vaccum pump is connected with the water outlet of steam-water separator.Described temperature transducer is arranged on the heat exchanger entrance place on the working water pipeline of water ring vaccum pump.
The controlling method of the vacuum pump control system in Water-ring vacuum pump assembly, comprising:
One, experimentally, following functional relation is summed up:
(1) when water ring vaccum pump produces cavitation phenomenons, the working water temperature t of water ring vaccum pump with by the functional relation of the pressure P of the system of taking out: P1=F (t);
(2) experimentally determine pressure minimum value added k1, make P2=F (t)+k1, using P2 before water ring vaccum pump unit commitment vacuum pump by the minimum authorized pressure value of the system of taking out;
(3) experimentally determine pressure maximum value added k2, make P3=F (t)+k2, by the maximum allowble pressure value of the system of taking out before withdrawing from vacuum pump using P3 as Water-ring vacuum pump assembly.
Two, in described DCS, input the functional relation operation program of above-mentioned P1, P2 and P3 and t, described vacuum pump control system run as follows:
(1) working water temperature measured value t, pressure transducer will be taken out system pressure measured value P and be inputted DCS by temperature transducer, draw calculation of pressure value P1, P2 and P3 after the functional relation that working water temperature measured value t is substituted into above-mentioned P1, P2 and P3 and t by DCS carries out computing, then compare by the pressure measured value P of the system of taking out and calculation of pressure value P1, P2 and P3;
(2) as P≤P2, close gas circuit bypass valve, open propellant valve, vacuum pump is dropped into and bleeds;
(3) as P >=P3, open gas circuit bypass valve, close propellant valve, vacuum pump is withdrawn from and bleeds.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the system construction drawing of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is vacuum pump control system block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is functional relation plotted curve of the present invention.
Fig. 4 be the exhaust capacity of water ring pump under the working water condition of different temperatures and the exhaust capacity of vacuum pump with by the experimental curve diagram of the suction pressure of the system of taking out.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is Water-ring vacuum pump assembly of the present invention and vacuum pump control system schematic diagram thereof.
As shown in the figure, from the gas come by the system of taking out successively by entrance main valve 1, vacuum pump 2, water ring vaccum pump 3, then enters moisture trap 4.Bypass valve 5 is housed between vacuum pump 2 and water ring vaccum pump 3, propellant valve 6 is housed between vacuum pump 2 and moisture trap 4.When bypass valve 5 cuts out, when propellant valve 6 is opened simultaneously, enter water ring vaccum pump 3 after the gas in moisture trap 4 is compressed by vacuum pump 2, now vacuum pump 2 is devoted oneself to work.When bypass valve 5 is opened, when propellant valve 6 cuts out simultaneously, now vacuum pump 2 withdraws from work, is directly entered water ring vaccum pump 3 by the gas that the system of taking out is come.From water ring vaccum pump 3 discharge air-water mixture through moisture trap 4 be separated after, gas is discharged from top vent, water bottom be collected through over-heat-exchanger 7 cool after, come back to liquid-ring vacuum pump 3 and recycle.Unit inlet is equipped with pressure transducer 8, for measuring by the pressure P of the system of taking out, temperature transducer 9 pipeline between moisture trap 4 to heat exchanger 7 is equipped with, measurement be work water temperature in the water temperature t that ejects of liquid-ring vacuum pump 3 and liquid-ring vacuum pump 3 pump housing.The numerical value of pressure transducer 8 and temperature transducer 9, by DCS logical operation, then by controlling the opening and closing state of bypass valve 5 and propellant valve 6, realizes dropping into accurately and withdrawing from vacuum pump 2.
Fig. 2 is vacuum pump control system block diagram of the present invention, as shown in the figure, comprise Distributed Control System (DistributedControlSystem) and be called for short DCS, pressure transducer, temperature transducer, gas circuit bypass valve, propellant valve, measured signal is inputted DCS by described pressure transducer and temperature sensing actuator temperature, and described gas circuit bypass valve and propellant valve all access DCS.
Vacuum pump control system is run as follows:
(1) working water temperature measured value t, pressure transducer will be taken out system pressure measured value P and be inputted DCS by temperature transducer, DCS draws calculation of pressure value P1, P2 and P3 after the functional relation of working water temperature measured value t substitution P1, P2 and P3 and t is carried out computing, then compares by the pressure measured value P of the system of taking out and calculation of pressure value P1, P2 and P3;
(2) as P≤P2, close gas circuit bypass valve, open propellant valve, vacuum pump is dropped into and bleeds;
(3) as P >=P3, open gas circuit bypass valve, close propellant valve, vacuum pump is withdrawn from and bleeds.
Fig. 3 is functional relation plotted curve of the present invention.
As shown in the figure, in Fig. 3, abscissa is working water temperature t value, is namely the numerical value in Fig. 1 measured by temperature transducer 9.In Fig. 3, y coordinate is suction pressure P value (unit of P is hPa, after add abs represent absolute pressure), is namely the numerical value in Fig. 1 measured by pressure transducer 8.This plotted curve is drawn by repetitious test and onsite application experience.
Always have 3 curves in Fig. 3, be divided into 3 regions, the region of curve less than 2 is vacuum pump working zone, and the region of curve more than 3 is water-ring pump working zone, and the region between curve 2 and curve 3 is transition region.
Curve 1 is liquid ring vacuum pump cavitation curve, and functional relation is P1=F (t), and that is, liquid-ring vacuum pump, when this curve works with lower area (i.e. P≤P1), cavitation will occur.
Curve 2 is that vacuum pump drops into curve, and relation is P2=F (t)+k1 (k1 is a constant), when P≤P2, will drop into vacuum pump.K1 is the value provided according to test experience, is equivalent to a safe clearance, drops into vacuum pump again when namely can not wait until P=P1.K1 should be as far as possible little, as long as make P2 slightly larger than P1.The value of K1 is determined with the time of dropping into required for vacuum pump according to taking out the system pressure time of reducing, must ensure that the time required for vacuum pump of dropping into is less than to be taken out system pressure and be reduced to time required for P1 from P2, thus effectively avoid cavitation to occur, therefore, the scope of k1 is 5hPa-10hPa.According to Water-ring vacuum pump characteristics, after dropping into vacuum pump, the energy consumption of water ring vaccum pump will increase, and therefore under the making time prerequisite ensureing vacuum pump, K1 value should get smaller value as far as possible, namely reduces the working zone of vacuum pump.If but drop into can to improve after vacuum pump and taken out system vacuum, make to be taken out system effectiveness and improve, then now K1 can get higher value, namely strengthens the working zone of vacuum pump.
Curve 3 is that vacuum pump withdraws from curve, and relation is P3=F (t)+k2 (k2 is a constant), when P >=P3, will withdraw from vacuum pump.According to the exhaust capacity of water ring pump and vacuum pump, (exhaust capacity unit is m to pressure maximum value added K2
3/ min) and determined (see Fig. 4) by the pressure dependence experimental value of the system of taking out, its scope is 25hPa-40hPa.Experimentally, when being taken out system pressure P >=P3, the exhaust capacity of water ring pump is greater than the exhaust capacity of vacuum pump, so will withdraw from vacuum pump, makes by the as far as possible low pressure of the maintenance of the system of taking out.Meanwhile, K2 has buffer function, because if only have P2=F (t)+k1, when being fluctuated back and forth in P2 value left and right by the pressure P of the system of taking out, DCS constantly will order and drops into and withdraw from vacuum pump.So taken out under system pressure undulating value can not cause the prerequisite repeatedly dropping into vacuum pump after vacuum pump is withdrawn from guarantee, K2 value should get smaller value as far as possible, namely reduces the working zone of vacuum pump.If but drop into can to reduce after vacuum pump namely to be improved by the pressure of the system of taking out and taken out system vacuum and make to be taken out system effectiveness and improve, then now K2 can get higher value, namely strengthens the working zone of vacuum pump.
In a word, the choosing of K1, K2 value has considered avoids cavitation erosion, energy-saving consumption-reducing, the theory of increasing the benefit, different air-extractors, different to be worth by the best choosing that the system of taking out, different working conditions, different device fabrications and installation level etc. factor all can affect K1, K2, native system can regulate K1, K2 value by DCS when rigging up and debugging and commencement of commercial operation, to reaching optimum efficiency.
In Fig. 3, the region of curve less than 2 is vacuum pump working zone, effectively can avoid cavitation erosion, and the exhaust capacity of vacuum pump is stronger than liquid-ring vacuum pump in this region, drops into the better effects if of vacuum pump.The region of curve more than 3 is water-ring pump working zone, more weak than liquid-ring vacuum pump in the exhaust capacity of this regional atmospheric sparger, does not drop into the better effects if of vacuum pump.Region between curve 2 and curve 3 is transition region, and suitable with liquid-ring vacuum pump in the exhaust capacity of this regional atmospheric sparger, now vacuum pump can be thrown and can not throw.
Control system of the present invention and method, can realize controlling exactly the input of vacuum pump and withdraw from opportunity, as shown in three curves of Fig. 3, when working water temperature is 33 DEG C, correspondingly, the water ring pump cavitation point relevant pressure of curve 1 is 58.3hPa, and it is 63.3hPa that the vacuum pump of curve 2 drops into some relevant pressure, and the point pressure of withdrawing from of curve 3 is 83.3hPa; And when working water temperature is 15 DEG C, response curve 1 water ring pump cavitation point pressure is 26.2hPa, it is 31.2hPa that curve 2 vacuum pump drops into point pressure, and the point pressure of withdrawing from of curve 3 is 51.2hPa.
If only arrange pressure switch and two force value to control vacuum pump by prior art, taken out system pressure as set and withdrawn from vacuum pump when 70hPaA, then withdraw from vacuum pump when working solution temperature is 33 DEG C by this pressure setting, owing to being drop on transition region, so no problem, but time if water temperature is 15 DEG C, 70hPaA withdraws from a 51.2hPa higher than vacuum pump, drop on water ring pump working zone, therefore be not withdraw from vacuum pump by 70hPaA pressure setting, and vacuum pump should be withdrawn from when being greater than 51.2hPa.On the contrary, if setting is taken out system pressure and is dropped into vacuum pump when 40hPa, then drop into vacuum pump when coolant-temperature gage is 15 DEG C by setup pressure value no problem, because be drop on transition region, if but time water temperature is 33 DEG C, lower than water ring pump cavitation point 58.3hPa, there is serious cavitation in 40hPaA, therefore should be dropped into vacuum pump when taking out system pressure and being greater than 58.3hPa, and vacuum pump should do not dropped into by 40hPaA.
Fig. 4 be the exhaust capacity of water ring pump under the working water condition of different temperatures and the exhaust capacity of vacuum pump with by the experimental curve diagram of the suction pressure of the system of taking out.Have 4 curves in figure, abscissa is suction pressure, and y coordinate is exhaust capacity.
1. curve is the exhaust capacity curve of water ring pump when 15 DEG C of water temperatures;
2. curve is the exhaust capacity curve of water ring pump when 20 DEG C of water temperatures;
3. curve is the exhaust capacity curve of water ring pump when 30 DEG C of water temperatures;
4. curve is the exhaust capacity curve of vacuum pump, and because vacuum pump to be worked liquid without water, so the exhaust capacity of vacuum pump is with water temperature, it doesn't matter, only has one.
As can be seen from Figure 4, when water ring pump working water temperature is 15 DEG C, 1. and 4. curve does not have intersection point, and the exhaust capacity value of now vacuum pump is all little than water ring vaccum pump, so need not drop into vacuum pump when 15 DEG C of water temperatures.
When water ring pump working water temperature is 20 DEG C, curve intersection point 2. and is 4. at 60hPa, and now the exhaust capacity of water ring pump equals the exhaust capacity of vacuum pump.When suction pressure is greater than 60hPa, the exhaust capacity of water ring pump is greater than the exhaust capacity of vacuum pump, at this moment will withdraw from vacuum pump, otherwise can make to be raised by the pressure of the system of taking out, and degree of vacuum reduces.When suction pressure is less than 60hPa, time water ring pump is close to ultimate pressure 50hPa, close to the cavitation erosion point of 20 DEG C of work water temperatures, at this moment to drop into vacuum pump, to improve the suction pressure of water ring pump, avoid cavitation erosion.And the exhaust capacity of now vacuum pump is greater than the exhaust capacity of water ring pump, in turn ensure that by the pressure of the system of taking out constant or lower.
In like manner, when water ring pump working water temperature is 30 DEG C, curve intersection point 3. and is 4. at 100hPa, and now the exhaust capacity of water ring pump equals the exhaust capacity of vacuum pump.When suction pressure is greater than 100hPa, the exhaust capacity of water ring pump is greater than the exhaust capacity of vacuum pump, at this moment will withdraw from vacuum pump.When suction pressure is less than 100hPa, close to the cavitation erosion point of 30 DEG C of work water temperatures, now vacuum pump will be dropped into, to avoid cavitation erosion, and the exhaust capacity of now vacuum pump is greater than the exhaust capacity of water ring pump, can ensure by the pressure of the system of taking out again constant or lower.
In a word, control system of the present invention and method, can realize controlling exactly the input of vacuum pump and withdraw from opportunity, before liquid ring vacuum pump cavitation, drop into vacuum pump, effectively avoid the generation of cavitation, and improve the exhaust capacity of unit, vacuum pump is withdrawn from when vacuum pump exhaust capacity is more weak than liquid-ring vacuum pump, avoid causing and taken out system vacuum and decline, make a whole set of machine assembly air-exhausting ability be in most high state all the time, ensure system stable operation.The present invention is applicable to high vacuum industry, particularly vacuumizes the vapour condenser of power plant, can improve the generating efficiency of power plant, ensures that power plant's efficient stable runs.
Claims (5)
1. the controlling method of the vacuum pump control system in a Water-ring vacuum pump assembly, it is characterized in that: described control system comprises Distributed Control System and is called for short DCS, pressure transducer, temperature transducer, gas circuit bypass valve, propellant valve, described pressure transducer is arranged on the exhaust pipe of Water-ring vacuum pump assembly, described temperature transducer is arranged on the working water pipeline of water ring vaccum pump, the signal input DCS of described pressure transducer and temperature transducer, described gas circuit bypass valve is arranged on the pipeline in parallel with vacuum pump, described propellant valve is arranged on the propellant entrance pipe of vacuum pump, described gas circuit bypass valve and propellant valve all access DCS, described controlling method comprises:
One, experimentally, following functional relation is summed up:
(1) when water ring vaccum pump produces cavitation phenomenons, the working water temperature t of water ring vaccum pump with by the functional relation of the pressure P of the system of taking out: P1=F (t);
(2) experimentally determine pressure minimum value added k1, make P2=F (t)+k1, using P2 before water ring vaccum pump unit commitment vacuum pump by the minimum authorized pressure value of the system of taking out;
(3) experimentally determine pressure maximum value added k2, make P3=F (t)+k2, by the maximum allowble pressure value of the system of taking out before withdrawing from vacuum pump using P3 as Water-ring vacuum pump assembly;
Two, in described DCS, input the functional relation operation program of above-mentioned P1, P2 and P3 and t, described vacuum pump control system run as follows:
(1) working water temperature measured value t, pressure transducer will be taken out system pressure measured value P and be inputted DCS by temperature transducer, draw calculation of pressure value P1, P2 and P3 after the functional relation that working water temperature measured value t is substituted into above-mentioned P1, P2 and P3 and t by DCS carries out computing, then compare by the pressure measured value P of the system of taking out and calculation of pressure value P1, P2 and P3;
(2) as P≤P2, close gas circuit bypass valve, open propellant valve, vacuum pump is dropped into and bleeds;
(3) as P >=P3, open gas circuit bypass valve, close propellant valve, vacuum pump is withdrawn from and bleeds.
2. the controlling method of the vacuum pump control system in Water-ring vacuum pump assembly according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described pressure minimum value added k1 is 5-10hPa.
3. the controlling method of the vacuum pump control system in Water-ring vacuum pump assembly according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described pressure maximum value added k2 is 25-40hPa.
4. the controlling method of the vacuum pump control system in Water-ring vacuum pump assembly according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described vacuum pump is connected with the air outlet of the steam-water separator in Water-ring vacuum pump assembly by propellant entrance pipe, and the working water pipeline of described water ring vaccum pump is connected with the water outlet of steam-water separator.
5. the controlling method of the vacuum pump control system in Water-ring vacuum pump assembly according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described temperature transducer is arranged on the heat exchanger entrance place on the working water pipeline of water ring vaccum pump.
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CN201410129965.0A CN103939373B (en) | 2014-04-01 | 2014-04-01 | The controlling method of the vacuum pump control system in a kind of Water-ring vacuum pump assembly |
PCT/CN2014/094620 WO2015149548A1 (en) | 2014-04-01 | 2014-12-23 | Control system and method for air ejector in water ring vacuum pump unit |
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CN105018680B (en) * | 2015-01-12 | 2017-04-12 | 张宝夫 | RH refining device |
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CN105971885B (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2017-07-25 | 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司华东分公司 | A kind of water ring vacuum pump monitor control system and optimizing operation method |
CN106017128B (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-02-23 | 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司华东分公司 | A kind of band energy-conservation apparatus for evaluating penetrates vapour vacuum system and its operation method |
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CN107559200B (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2024-06-14 | 广东肯富来泵业股份有限公司 | Balanced Roots vacuum pump system and control method thereof |
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Address after: 528000 Guangdong Province, Foshan city Chancheng District River Road No. 14 Patentee after: GUANGDONG KENFLO PUMP CO., LTD. Address before: 528000 Guangdong Province, Foshan city Chancheng District River Road No. 14 Patentee before: Guangdong Foshan Water Pump Factory Co., Ltd. |