CN103939281A - Low-gravity-center efficient vertical axis wind turbine - Google Patents
Low-gravity-center efficient vertical axis wind turbine Download PDFInfo
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- CN103939281A CN103939281A CN201410177840.5A CN201410177840A CN103939281A CN 103939281 A CN103939281 A CN 103939281A CN 201410177840 A CN201410177840 A CN 201410177840A CN 103939281 A CN103939281 A CN 103939281A
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- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D3/06—Rotors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction
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Abstract
The invention relates to a low-gravity-center efficient vertical axis wind turbine which comprises a fixed tower for determining the vertical rotating axis, and a wind turbine supported on the tower. The wind turbine and the tower form a horizontal rotation pair for axis constraints. The wind turbine comprises a turbine frame with the rotating center supported on the tower, and blades distributed on the periphery of the turbine frame. The blades are vertically-extending blades with the streamline-shaped cross sections. The two faces of each blade protrude and are of an asymmetric wing shape. The turbine frame comprises a set of spokes which are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, extend horizontally and correspond vertically. The outer ends of the spokes which correspond vertically are connected with the vertically-corresponding portions of the blades in a fixed or rotating mode respectively. The special blades which are designed for the characteristic of the unsteady flow field on the periphery of the vertical axis wind turbine are adopted, and therefore wind energy utilization performance of the blades can be effectively brought into fully play.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vertical axis windmill, especially a kind of centre of gravity efficient vertical axis wind energy conversion system, belongs to technical field of wind power generating equipment.
Background technique
According to the applicant understood, in the wind power generating set of operation, the wind energy conversion system overwhelming majority used is the horizontal axis turbines formula wind energy conversion system of wind wheel rotating shaft horizontal positioned, belongs to high wind speed wind energy conversion system category in the market, and wherein low wind speed poor performance, at average annual wind speed
regional economical operation bad economic results.In addition, this class wind energy conversion system operation noise is large, meeting produces infrasonic wave, be not suitable for using in city and community, but also the living environment that can endanger birds.
In addition, also have vertical axis windmill, the feature of this type of wind energy conversion system is that calm tropism requires, noise is little, does not produce infrasonic wave.Compared with horizontal-shaft wind turbine, vertical axis windmill can utilize dimensional airfoil blade, can utilize the lift of blade, can utilize again the thrust (also claiming resistance) of blade; When the each blade of its wind wheel is different in the time that wind energy conversion system moves, exert oneself, exert oneself but take over successively rotation, (vertical shaft blade rotates one week the cyclically-varying of blade load, 360 ° of variations of angle of attack experience, only have the angle of attack just can exert oneself, can not exert oneself in stall conditions at other angular ranges at approximately ± 20 ° of scope intra vanes).These features of vertical axis windmill are both advantageous and disadvantageous, and utilizing advantage, suppressing shortcoming is that research and development are applicable to average annual wind speed
the key of the vertical-shaft wind machine technology of area and urbanite's habitat environment.
Vertical axis windmill blade used has three class aerofoil profiles: the first kind is push type blade, adopts the wind wheel of such blade easily from running up, but the power coefficient Cp of such blade
max≤ 0.15 and rotating speed low, cannot be applicable to efficient wind-driven generator; Equations of The Second Kind is the symmetrical airfoil blade of lift-type, and the aerofoil profile of such blade is NACA00xy (x=1 or 2; Y=0,1 ..., 8 or 9), its Cp
maxheight, the Cp of some blade
maxcan reach 0.45, but adopt the wind wheel of such blade certainly to run up; The 3rd class is that the suction surface of lift-type is the airfoil fan that convex, pressure side have spill, and such blade quantity is numerous, its Cp
maxbetween 0.20-0.30, adopt the wind wheel of such blade certainly to run up, but play torque lower than first kind blade and Cp
maxcorresponding rotating speed is lower than Equations of The Second Kind blade.
At present, utilize the vertical axis windmill of lift-type airfoil fan, substantially adopt " Φ " wind wheel or " H " wind wheel of Darrieus technology, the common characteristic of these two kinds of wind wheels is main axis length >=wind wheel height, thereby these two kinds of wind wheel centers of gravity are higher, in order to ensure the stability of whole wind wheel, require wind wheel main shaft to there are very high strength and stiffness, cause main shaft weight very heavy.Wherein, " Φ " wind wheel forms (conventionally adopting thin airfoil blade) by the aforementioned Equations of The Second Kind blade of " rope skipping curve " shape, blade two ends are directly connected in main shaft (if will solve " Φ " wind wheel from running up, the aforementioned first kind blade of serpentine also can be connected in to main shaft).The blade that " Φ " wind wheel adopts will have enough flexibilities, its Cp
maxcorresponding tip-speed ratio λ is higher, cause " Φ " wind wheel in low wind speed poor performance." H " wind wheel great majority are crossed cantilever by aforementioned the 3rd class blade pass and are connected in main shaft and form, and tremble for suppressing blade, require cantilever to have very high strength and stiffness, cause cantilevered weights very heavy; Meanwhile, the 3rd class blade Cp
maxcorresponding Optimum Leaves width (also claiming chord length) is than the large 50-60% of aforementioned Equations of The Second Kind blade, and correspondingly, leaf weight also will weigh 80-100%.Be limited by this, under equal height, weight ratio " Φ " wind wheel of " H " wind wheel will weigh 1-2 doubly, and its centrifugal load is larger, requires higher to the strength and stiffness of main shaft.
As can be seen here, lower the center of gravity and weight reduction, increase high Cp
maxthe torque that rises of aerofoil profile is to design two technological break-through points of high-efficient wind turbine, particularly improves the break-through point of low wind speed performance in wind energy conversion system.
Inventor discloses the blower fan of a kind of vertical shaft (also claiming vertical shaft) wind power generating set in Chinese invention patent on April 4th, 2010 application, the patent No. 201010162074.7, notice of authorization CN102213180B.But this technological scheme remains in following main disadvantage: (1) interlayer support parts are too too fat to move, larger to interference in air flow, affect the Wind Power Utilization performance of blade; (2) interlayer support structure is optimized not, causes the strength and stiffness in its unit weight lower, and the strength and stiffness that reach expection still need larger weight, are unfavorable for alleviating wind wheel weight; (3) the adapting structure for electric intensity between wheel carrier and the main shaft of wind wheel is poor, but will certainly increase wind wheel weight for improving intensity, and this problem causes wind wheel to maximize; (4) cannot realize the control of wind energy conversion system power.Need badly and develop higher interlayer support structure and the adapting structure for electric of intensity in unit weight, thereby in reaching expection intensity, can not increase wind wheel weight, even alleviate wind wheel weight; Develop the structure that can realize power control simultaneously, expand the wind speed range of wind energy conversion system operation by power control, improve generated energy.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: overcome the problem that prior art exists, a kind of centre of gravity efficient vertical axis wind energy conversion system is provided, adopted the special blade for vertical axis windmill design, and can effectively bring into play the Wind Power Utilization performance of such blade.
It is as follows that the present invention solves the basic technical scheme of its technical problem:
A kind of centre of gravity efficient vertical axis wind energy conversion system, comprises and determines the fixed gantry of vertical spin axis and be supported in the wind wheel on pylon, described wind wheel and pylon form the pair that horizontally rotates of axial constraint; Described wind wheel comprises that rotating center is supported in the wheel carrier of described pylon and is distributed in the blade of described wheel carrier periphery; It is characterized in that the streamlined cross-section blade that described blade is upper downward-extension; Described wheel carrier comprises the spoke of one group of circumferential uniform horizontal-extending and upper and lower corresponding; The spoke of described wheel carrier forms respectively a rotating center and is supported in transmission frame and at least one connecting frame of pylon, and described connecting frame is fixedly connected with adjacent connecting frame or transmission frame through supporting element; The outer end of described transmission frame, connecting frame spoke is directly fixedly connected with the upper and lower corresponding site of blade respectively or is fixedly connected with or is rotationally connected with the fixed block that is fixed on blade.
Claimant finds through going deep into practical studies, adopts said structure can effectively shorten wind wheel main axis length, even can cancel main shaft, thereby effectively reduce wind wheel center of gravity, reduces wind wheel weight.
Preferably, described wheel carrier adopts the first structure:
Described transmission frame middle part is regular polygon and is provided with truss; Described truss is made up of the first flange and the loading arm that is distributed in the first flange circumferentially and radially extend, and described loading arm end is connected with the middle part on the transmission frame each summit of regular polygon, middle part or the each limit of regular polygon respectively; In the time that described truss loading arm end is connected with the middle part on the each limit of regular polygon, transmission frame middle part respectively, described transmission frame middle part is also provided with the connecting rod being connected with loading arm between the adjacent both sides of regular polygon; Described the first flange forms the rotating center of transmission frame, and forms the pair that horizontally rotates of axial constraint with pylon top.
More preferably, described wind wheel also comprise be rotationally connected with pylon top and axis along the main shaft of vertical layout or the power input shaft of load, described the first flange and main shaft or be coaxially connected with power input shaft; Described blade is the streamlined cross-section blade of vertical extension; Described blade has and is respectively convex and is asymmetricly distributed in the blade face outwardly of blade wing chord both sides and blade face inwardly; Described leaf cross-section shape is asymmetric droplet-shaped; The mean camber line of described blade encircles to described spin axis; Distance between intersection point and leading edge point in the cross section of described blade, perpendicular to the thickness biggest place in chordwise on wing chord is 0.12-0.29 times of wing chord length.
Adopt the first structure can utilize the power input shaft of load and saved the main shaft of wind wheel, can lower the center of gravity to greatest extent and alleviate wind wheel weight, reduce cost again.Simultaneously, adopt after the transmission frame of this structure, its truss is as the adapting structure for electric between wheel carrier and load power input shaft, and the intensity in its unit weight is higher, can not increase wind wheel weight in intensity, even can alleviate wind wheel weight reaching expection, thereby wind wheel can effectively be maximized.This structure also can be used for the wind wheel being connected with pylon top main shaft.
In addition, adopted the special blade for vertical axis windmill Unsteady Flow feature design around in this preferred structure, this blade has from running up wind wheel ability and very high power coefficient Cp
max(can reach 0.45-0.50); By said structure, this blade is fixedly connected with or is rotationally connected with after wheel carrier, can bring into play well the ability that certainly runs up and the Wind Power Utilization performance of this blade; Especially in the time that employing is rotationally connected mode, blade can be under wind-force effect automatic winding be rotationally connected a little and turn an angle, thereby bring into play better the Wind Power Utilization performance of blade.
Preferably, described wheel carrier adopts the second structure:
Described transmission frame middle part is regular polygon and is provided with truss; Described truss is arranged up and down by two and second, third coaxial flange, and the loading arm that is distributed in respectively second, third flange and circumferentially and radially extends and strengthen arm and form, described loading arm and the end of strengthening arm are connected with the each summit of regular polygon, transmission frame middle part respectively; Between corresponding loading arm and reinforcement arm, be provided with at least one muscle; Described second, third flange forms the rotating center of transmission frame, and forms the pair that horizontally rotates of axial constraint with pylon top.
More preferably, described wind wheel also comprise be rotationally connected with pylon top and axis along the main shaft of vertical layout or the power input shaft of load, described second, third flange and main shaft or be coaxially connected with power input shaft; Described blade is the streamlined cross-section blade of vertical extension; Described blade has and is respectively convex and is asymmetricly distributed in the blade face outwardly of blade wing chord both sides and blade face inwardly; Described leaf cross-section shape is asymmetric droplet-shaped; The mean camber line of described blade encircles to described spin axis; Distance between intersection point and leading edge point in the cross section of described blade, perpendicular to the thickness biggest place in chordwise on wing chord is 0.12-0.29 times of wing chord length.
In the second structure, truss is as the adapting structure for electric between wheel carrier and main shaft, and the intensity in its unit weight is higher, can not increase wind wheel weight in intensity, even can alleviate wind wheel weight reaching expection, thereby wind wheel can effectively be maximized., adopt after the second structure, wind wheel is stressed to have good uniformity meanwhile, is more conducive to wind wheel and rotates.This structure also can be used for the wind wheel being connected with pylon top load power input shaft.In addition the blade that, this preferred structure adopts is previously described special blade.
Preferably, described fixed block be that one end is fixedly connected with or is rotationally connected with the spoke outer end of transmission frame or connecting frame, the other end and the blade straight plate that blade face is connected inwardly; Or, described fixed block is " V " shape part with two outer ends and a corner end, two outer ends of described " V " shape part respectively with blade inwardly blade face or vane end faces be connected, the corner end of described " V " shape part is fixedly connected with or is rotationally connected with the spoke outer end of transmission frame or connecting frame; Or, described fixed block is for having the outer peripheral plate of streamline, plate face and the vane end faces of described plate are connected, and described plate is extended with outstanding ear towards transmission frame or connecting frame, and described outstanding ear is fixedly connected with or is rotationally connected with the outer end of transmission frame, connecting frame spoke; Or, described fixed block is for having the outer peripheral garter spring of streamline, described garter spring inward flange hoop is circumferential in blade, and described garter spring outward edge is extended with outstanding ear towards transmission frame or connecting frame, and described outstanding ear is fixedly connected with or is rotationally connected with the outer end of transmission frame, connecting frame spoke.
Fixed block itself can not affect the utilization of blade to wind energy like this, and in the time being rotationally connected, is conducive to blade and carries out swimmingly angular motion, can bring into play better the Wind Power Utilization performance of special blade.
For realizing the control of wind energy conversion system power, the present invention further perfect technological scheme is as follows:
Preferably, described fixed block is provided with the telescopic controller in order to rotor blade angle between a side of transmission frame or connecting frame and transmission frame or connecting frame spoke, or described fixed block is near being provided with the telescopic controller in order to rotor blade angle between the position of blade and transmission frame or connecting frame spoke; Described controller is elastic member, or described controller is the electric controller of the external control apparatus of controlled end.
In the time that being elastic member, controller can implement the control of wind energy conversion system power in the mode of the force balance between blade centrifugal force and elastic force; In the time that being electric controller, controller can implement the control of wind energy conversion system power in the mode of electronic control.Implement, after the control of wind energy conversion system power, can expand the wind speed Applicable scope of wind energy conversion system.
For simplified support structure, avoid interference air-flow, affect the Wind Power Utilization performance of blade; Meanwhile, for improving the strength and stiffness in supporting structure unit weight, in order to alleviating wind wheel weight, the present invention further perfect technological scheme is as follows:
Described transmission frame middle part is with connecting frame middle part the regular polygon that shape is identical and each corresponding sides are parallel to each other; Between the described transmission frame each summit of regular polygon, middle part and the each summit of regular polygon, connecting frame middle part, be connected through supporting element; Described supporting element is " X " shape part with four ends, and described " X " shape part both upper ends thereof, two ends, bottom are connected with two adjacent vertexs of transmission frame or connecting frame respectively, and described " X " shape part is positioned at the same side of transmission frame and connecting frame; Or described supporting element is to be connected the straight-bar of the each corresponding vertex of transmission frame, connecting frame middle part regular polygon; Or described supporting element comprises the straight-bar of the transmission frame that is connected, the each corresponding vertex of connecting frame middle part regular polygon, is also provided with diagonal brace between described straight-bar and the dual-side on summit.
Claimant finds through going deep into practical studies, adopts after above-mentioned preferred structure, can not only avoid interference air-flow, can also in meeting the requirement of expection Rigidity and strength, further alleviate wind wheel weight.
Preferably, the company's of being provided with muscle also between the adjacent spoke in regular polygon outside, described transmission frame middle part, plays reinforcement effect; Between the adjacent spoke of described connecting frame middle part regular polygon, be also provided with connecting rod; Or, between the adjacent spoke in regular polygon outside, described connecting frame middle part, be also provided with connecting rod, play reinforcement effect; Between the top of adjacent blades, between bottom, be fixedly connected with respectively or be rotatably connected to connecting line, connecting line can reduce the outside moment of flexure that the centrifugal force of blade rotary applies blade tip, can make adjacent blades link each other and vaned established angle is synchronously changed, and the thunderbolt of certain blade tip can be shunted in the ground wire of each blade.
Preferably, described connecting frame have at least two and with transmission frame form at least two-layer spoke, every layer of spoke is separately installed with corresponding blade, the blade of installing on adjacent two layers spoke is interspersed.
The probability windward that can improve so the best angle of attack of blade, more easily runs up wind wheel, can reduce length of blade with the form of segmentation again, thereby reduces manufacture, transport and the installation cost of blade.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
(1) optimize this body structure of wheel carrier by employing, effectively reduce wind wheel center of gravity and alleviate wind wheel weight.
(2) by arranging and optimizing truss structure, make the intensity in adapting structure for electric unit weight higher, maximize thereby be conducive to wind wheel.
(3) by adopting the special blade of vertical axis windmill, optimize blade anchor structure, guarantee that the Wind Power Utilization performance of special blade can be not fully exerted.
(4) by optimizing supporting structure, can not only avoid interference air-flow, can also further alleviate wind wheel weight by the strength and stiffness that improve in supporting structure unit weight.
(5) by segmentation, be staggered installation of blade, improved the probability windward of the best angle of attack of blade and the wind wheel that more easily runs up, and reduced manufacture, transport and the installation cost of blade.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2, Fig. 3 are respectively A, the B regional enlarged drawing of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 1 wheel carrier.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 1 transmission frame and truss.
Fig. 6, Fig. 7 are respectively the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 1 connecting frame, supporting element.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 9, Figure 10 are respectively C, the D regional enlarged drawing of Fig. 8.
Figure 11 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 2 wheel carriers.
Figure 12 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 2 transmission frames and truss.
Figure 13, Figure 14 are respectively the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 2 connecting framees, supporting element.
Figure 15 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 3.
Figure 16, Figure 17 are respectively E, the F regional enlarged drawing of Figure 15.
Figure 18 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 3 wheel carriers.
Figure 19 is the G regional enlarged drawing of Figure 18.
Figure 20, Figure 21 are respectively the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 3 connecting framees, supporting element.
Figure 22 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 4.
Figure 23, Figure 24 are respectively H, the I regional enlarged drawing of Figure 22.
Figure 25 is the J regional enlarged drawing of Figure 24.
Figure 26 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 4 wheel carriers.
Figure 27 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 4 transmission frames and truss.
Figure 28 is the K regional enlarged drawing of Figure 27.
Figure 29 is truss structure schematic diagram in Figure 27.
Figure 30, Figure 31 are respectively the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 4 connecting framees used.
Figure 32 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 5.
Figure 33, Figure 34 are respectively L, the M regional enlarged drawing of Figure 32.
Figure 35 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 5 wheel carriers.
Figure 36 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 5 transmission frames and truss.
Figure 37 is the n-quadrant enlarged view of Figure 36.
Figure 38 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 6.
Figure 39 is the O regional enlarged drawing of Figure 38.
Figure 40 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 6 wheel carriers.
Figure 41 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 9.
Figure 42 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 7.
Figure 43, Figure 44, Figure 45 are respectively Q, R, the S regional enlarged drawing of Figure 42.
Figure 46 is the T regional enlarged drawing of Figure 45.
Figure 47 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 7 wheel carriers.
Figure 48 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 7 transmission frames and truss.
Figure 49 is the U regional enlarged drawing of Figure 48.
Figure 50 is truss structure schematic diagram in Figure 48.
Figure 51, Figure 52 are respectively the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 7 connecting framees, fixed block.
Figure 53 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 8.
Figure 54 is the V regional enlarged drawing of Figure 53.
Figure 55 is the schematic top plan view of Figure 54.
Figure 56 to Figure 62 is other transmission frame schematic diagram that the present invention can be used for embodiment 1 to 3,9.
Figure 63 is other transmission frame schematic diagram that the present invention can be used for embodiment 4 to 8.
Figure 64 is truss structure schematic diagram in Figure 63.
Figure 65 to Figure 67 is other connecting frame schematic diagram that the present invention can use.
Figure 68 is a kind of transmission frame schematic diagram that the present invention can be used for embodiment 1 to 3,9.
Figure 69, Figure 70 are other fixed block schematic diagram that the present invention can use.
Figure 71 is the schematic diagram of the special blade profile of the present invention's vertical axis windmill used.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments the present invention is described in further detail.But the invention is not restricted to given example.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment centre of gravity efficient vertical axis wind energy conversion system as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, comprises and determines the fixed gantry 1 of vertical spin axis and be supported in the wind wheel 2 on pylon 1, and wind wheel 2 and pylon 1 form the pair that horizontally rotates of axial constraint; Wind wheel 2 comprises that rotating center is supported in the wheel carrier 3 of pylon 1 and is distributed in the blade 4 of wheel carrier 3 peripheries; The streamlined cross-section blade that blade 4 is vertical extension, blade 4 has and is respectively convex and is asymmetricly distributed in the blade face outwardly of blade wing chord both sides and blade face inwardly; Wheel carrier 3 comprises the spoke of one group of circumferential uniform horizontal-extending and upper and lower corresponding, and the spoke outer end of upper and lower corresponding is fixedly connected with the upper and lower corresponding site of blade 4 respectively.
Particularly, as shown in Figure 4, the spoke of wheel carrier 3 forms respectively a rotating center and is supported in transmission frame 6 and two connecting framees 7 of pylon 1, and connecting frame 7 is fixedly connected with adjacent transmission frame 6 through supporting element 11; The outer end of transmission frame 6, connecting frame 7 spokes is directly fixedly connected with blade 4 respectively; As shown in Figure 3, blade 4 shape of cross sections are asymmetric droplet-shaped, and the mean camber line of blade 4 encircles to spin axis; As shown in Figure 71, the distance X between intersection point and leading edge point in the cross section of blade 4, perpendicular to the thickness biggest place in chordwise on wing chord
tfor 0.12-0.29 times of wing chord length.The present embodiment adopts by two connecting framees 7 and a double layer construction that transmission frame 6 forms, and forms two-layer spoke, and each blade 4 is installed on respectively each layer of spoke, and the blade 4 of installing on adjacent two layers spoke is interspersed.
As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 5, the power input shaft 13 of pylon 1 top and load is rotationally connected, and the axis of power input shaft 13 is along vertical layout; Transmission frame 6 middle parts are provided with the first flange 10-6 that forms rotating center, and the first flange 10-6 is fixedly connected with power input shaft 13; The first flange and pylon top form the pair that horizontally rotates of axial constraint.
Particularly, transmission frame 6 middle parts are regular polygon and are provided with truss 10; Truss 10 comprises the first flange 10-6, and the first flange 10-6 is fixedly connected with power input shaft 13, and the first flange 10-6 is circumferentially evenly equipped with the loading arm 10-3 radially extending, and loading arm 10-3 end is connected with the transmission frame 6 each summits of middle part regular polygon respectively.It should be noted that, as shown in Figure 67, loading arm 10-3 end also can be connected with the middle part on the transmission frame 6 each limits of regular polygon, middle part respectively, is also provided with the connecting rod 10-7 being connected with loading arm 10-3 end between the transmission frame 6 adjacent both sides of middle part regular polygon simultaneously.
As shown in Figures 4 to 7, transmission frame 6 middle parts are the regular polygon that shape is identical and each corresponding sides are parallel to each other (the present embodiment is regular hexagon) with connecting frame 7 middle parts; Between the transmission frame 6 each summits of middle part regular polygon and the connecting frame 7 each summits of middle part regular polygon, be connected through supporting element 11; Supporting element 11 is for having " X " shape part of four ends, and " X " shape part both upper ends thereof, two ends, bottom are connected with two adjacent vertexs of transmission frame 6 or connecting frame 7 respectively, and " X " shape part is positioned at the same side of transmission frame 6 and connecting frame 7.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment centre of gravity efficient vertical axis wind energy conversion system is as shown in Fig. 8 to Figure 14, and its basic structure adopts similar to Example 1 without main shaft structure, in addition:
Transmission frame 6 middle parts are with connecting frame 7 middle parts the square that shape is identical and each corresponding sides are parallel to each other; Supporting element 11 comprises the straight-bar 11-1 of the transmission frame 6 that is connected, the each corresponding vertex of connecting frame 7 middle part regular polygon, between straight-bar 11-1 and the dual-side on summit, is also provided with diagonal brace 11-2.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment centre of gravity efficient vertical axis wind energy conversion system is as shown in Figure 15 to Figure 21, and its basic structure adopts similar to Example 1 without main shaft structure, in addition:
(1) the present embodiment adopts by a connecting frame 7 and a single layer structure that transmission frame 6 forms.
(2) between the adjacent loading arm 10-3 of truss 10, be also provided with connecting rod 10-8.
(3) transmission frame 6 middle parts are with connecting frame 7 middle parts the regular pentagon that shape is identical and each corresponding sides are parallel to each other; Supporting element 11 is the straight-bar of be connected transmission frame 6, the each corresponding vertex of connecting frame 7 middle part regular polygon.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment centre of gravity efficient vertical axis wind energy conversion system, as shown in Figure 22 to Figure 31, comprises and determines the fixed gantry 1 of vertical spin axis and be supported in the wind wheel 2 on pylon 1, and wind wheel 2 and pylon 1 form the pair that horizontally rotates of axial constraint; Wind wheel 2 comprises that rotating center is supported in the wheel carrier 3 of pylon 1 and is distributed in the blade 4 of wheel carrier 3 peripheries, its at the middle and upper levels blade than the more close spin axis of lower leave; The streamlined cross-section blade that blade 4 is vertical extension, blade 4 has and is respectively convex and is asymmetricly distributed in the blade face outwardly of blade wing chord both sides and blade face inwardly; Wheel carrier 3 comprises the spoke of one group of circumferential uniform horizontal-extending and upper and lower corresponding, and the spoke outer end of upper and lower corresponding is rotationally connected with the upper and lower corresponding site of blade 4 respectively.
Particularly, as shown in figure 26, the spoke of wheel carrier 3 forms respectively a rotating center and is supported in the transmission frame 6 of pylon 1 and the connecting frame 7 of two kind of different size, wherein, larger connecting frame 7 is fixedly connected with the same size tie point of transmission frame 6 through supporting element 11, and less connecting frame 7 is fixedly connected with the same size tie point on larger connecting frame 7 through supporting element 11; As shown in figure 25, the outer end of transmission frame 6, connecting frame 7 spokes is rotationally connected with the fixed block 8 that is fixed on blade 4 respectively, fixed block 8 for the spoke outer end of one end and transmission frame 6 or connecting frame 7 is rotationally connected, the other end and the blade 4 straight plate that blade face is connected inwardly; As shown in figure 24, blade 4 shape of cross sections are asymmetric droplet-shaped, and the mean camber line of blade 4 encircles to spin axis; As shown in Figure 71, the distance X between intersection point and leading edge point in the cross section of blade 4, perpendicular to the thickness biggest place in chordwise on wing chord
tfor 0.12-0.29 times of wing chord length.The present embodiment adopts and forms up-small and down-big double layer construction by two kinds of connecting framees 7 and a transmission frame 6.
As shown in Figure 23, Figure 26 to Figure 29, wind wheel 2 also comprise be rotationally connected with pylon 1 top and axis along the main shaft 9 of vertical layout; Transmission frame 6 middle parts are regular polygon and are provided with truss 10; Truss 10 comprises that two arrange and coaxial second, third flange 10-1,10-2 up and down, second, third flange 10-1,10-2 are located at respectively main shaft 9 circumferentially and are connected with main shaft 9, second, third flange 10-1,10-2 are circumferentially evenly equipped with respectively the loading arm 10-3 radially extending and strengthen arm 10-4, and the end of loading arm 10-3 and reinforcement arm 10-4 is connected with the transmission frame 6 each summits of middle part regular polygon respectively; Between corresponding loading arm 10-3 and reinforcement arm 10-4, be provided with one muscle 10-5; Second, third flange 10-1,10-2 form the rotating center of transmission frame 6, and form the pair that horizontally rotates of axial constraint with pylon top main shaft 9; Propping up between muscle 10-5, loading arm 10-3, reinforcement arm 10-4 of truss 10 forms triangular support structure.
As shown in Figure 26, Figure 27, Figure 30, Figure 31, transmission frame 6 middle parts are the regular polygon that shape is identical and each corresponding sides are parallel to each other (the present embodiment is regular hexagon) with connecting frame 7 middle parts, and connecting frame 7 adopts two kinds of structures, one as shown in figure 30, entirety is triangular in shape, as shown in figure 31, entirety is the staggered hexagon forming of triangle by two different sizes to another kind; Transmission frame 6 entirety are triangular in shape; Between the transmission frame 6 each summits of middle part regular polygon and the connecting frame 7 each summits of middle part regular polygon, be connected through supporting element 11.The supporting element 11 of the present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1, as shown in Figure 7, supporting element 11 is for having " X " shape part of four ends, " X " shape part both upper ends thereof, two ends, bottom are connected with two adjacent vertexs of transmission frame 6 or connecting frame 7 respectively, and " X " shape part is positioned at the same side of transmission frame 6 and connecting frame 7.
It should be noted that, also can be fixedly connected with the outer end of transmission frame 6, connecting frame 7 spokes with upper fixing element 8, thereby blade 4 is fixedly connected with wheel carrier spoke.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment centre of gravity efficient vertical axis wind energy conversion system is as shown in Figure 32 to Figure 37, and its basic structure adopts the similar to Example 4 main shaft structure that has, in addition:
(1) the present embodiment adopts by three connecting framees 7 and a three-decker that transmission frame 6 forms.
(2) as shown in figure 36, transmission frame 6 entirety are hexagon.Meanwhile, the structure of connecting frame 7 is as shown in Figure 30, Figure 31.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment centre of gravity efficient vertical axis wind energy conversion system is as shown in Figure 38 to Figure 40, and its basic structure adopts the similar to Example 4 main shaft structure that has, in addition:
(1) the present embodiment adopts by four connecting framees 7 and a four-layer structure that transmission frame 6 forms.
(2) as shown in figure 36, transmission frame 6 entirety are hexagon.Meanwhile, the structure of connecting frame 7 is as shown in Figure 30, Figure 31.
Embodiment 7
The present embodiment centre of gravity efficient vertical axis wind energy conversion system is as shown in Figure 42 to Figure 52, and its basic structure adopts the similar to Example 4 main shaft structure that has, in addition:
(1) the present embodiment adopts by two connecting framees 7 and a double layer construction that transmission frame 6 forms; And two connecting framees 7 lay respectively at the above and below of transmission frame 6, each layer of blade aligned fashion of installing.
(2) as shown in Figure 44 to Figure 46, Figure 52, fixed block 8 is for having " V " shape part of two outer ends and a corner end, two outer end 8-1 of " V " shape part respectively with blade 4 inwardly blade face or blade 4 end faces be connected, the corner end 8-2 of " V " shape part and the spoke outer end of transmission frame 6 or connecting frame 7 are rotationally connected.
(3), as shown in Figure 48 to Figure 50, between the adjacent loading arm 10-3 of truss 10, be provided with connecting rod 10-8; Between corresponding loading arm 10-3 and reinforcement arm 10-4, be provided with three muscle 10-5, form multiple triangular support structure.
(4), as shown in Figure 48, Figure 51, transmission frame 6 middle parts are with connecting frame 7 middle parts the regular pentagon that shape is identical and each corresponding sides are parallel to each other; Between the adjacent spoke in connecting frame 7 regular pentagon outsides, middle part, be also provided with connecting rod 7-1; The company's of being provided with muscle 6-1 also between the adjacent spoke in transmission frame 6 middle part regular pentagons outsides.
Embodiment 8
The present embodiment centre of gravity efficient vertical axis wind energy conversion system is as shown in Figure 53 to Figure 55, and its basic structure is similar to Example 7, and difference has:
(1) between the top of adjacent blades 4, between bottom, be fixedly connected with respectively or be rotatably connected to connecting line 14.Acting as of connecting line: can reduce the outside moment of flexure that the centrifugal force of blade rotary applies blade tip, can make adjacent blades link each other and vaned established angle is synchronously changed, and the thunderbolt of certain blade tip can be shunted in the ground wire of each blade.
(2) fixed block 8 is near being provided with the telescopic controller 12 in order to rotor blade angle between the position of blade 4 and transmission frame 6 or connecting frame 7 spokes; Controller 12 is elastic member, or controller 12 is the electric controller of the external control apparatus of controlled end.
In addition, as shown in Figure 55, being rotationally connected of fixed block and transmission frame or connecting frame is some c point, in two intersection points of fixed block line stretcher and axis of runner blade, is O point away from the intersection point of controller 12, and the intersection point of pylon axis and fixed block plane is a point; Angle between line and axis of runner blade that O point and a are ordered is θ angle.
Controller 12 can be elastic member, and in the time applying or cancel external force, its length can change or reply, in the time that a certain wind speed makes wind energy conversion system rotation speed change, blade centrifugal force changes thereupon, and blade turns an angle as axle center taking c point, controller 12 is elongated or shortened, and θ value is changed, thereby change the effect of air-flow to blade, this effect causes again the reverse feedback of wind energy conversion system rotating speed and blade centrifugal force to change, the elastic force of this Time Controller 12 makes the length of controller 12, θ value, wind energy conversion system rotating speed and blade centrifugal force all produce reverse feedback again to be changed, in such circulation, the amplitude of variation of each variable is more and more less, until transient equiliblium is set up, till θ value no longer changes.
Like this, on the one hand can immediate feedback and cost low, also undertaken by elastic material is instantaneous from starting to change to the feedback that starts to control, control on the other hand reliability high and non-maintaining.
In addition, controller 12 also can adopt the electric controller of the external control apparatus of controlled end, but, in the time of electronic control, from start to change to the feedback that starts to control, there is response time delay on the one hand, the response time cost of shorter electronic control is higher, will improve on the other hand reliability and can only adopt expensive electric elements, and need periodic maintenance.
Embodiment 9
As shown in figure 41, its basic structure adopts similar to Example 1 without main shaft structure, in addition the present embodiment centre of gravity efficient vertical axis wind energy conversion system:
(1) as shown in Figure 61, connecting frame 7 structures as shown in figure 30 for transmission frame 6 structures.
(2) the screw type blade that blade 4 forms for upper downward-extension.
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other mode of executions, for example:
(1) transmission frame 6 can have various structures form, and transmission frame 6 middle parts can be equilateral triangle, square, regular pentagon, regular hexagon etc.
The example that part can be used for embodiment 1 to 3,9 is as shown in Figure 56 to Figure 62, Figure 68.
Partly can be used for embodiment 4 to 8 example as shown in Figure 63, wherein, between the corresponding loading arm 10-3 of truss 10 and reinforcement arm 10-4, be provided with five muscle 10-5 as shown in Figure 64.
(2) connecting frame 7 can have various structures form, and connecting frame 7 middle parts can be equilateral triangle, square, regular pentagon, regular hexagon etc.; Part example is as shown in Figure 65 to Figure 67.
(3) fixed block also can adopt following structure: as shown in Figure 71, fixed block 8 is for having the outer peripheral plate of streamline, plate face and the vane end faces of plate are connected, plate is extended with outstanding ear 8-1 towards transmission frame or connecting frame, and outstanding ear 8-1 is fixedly connected with or is rotationally connected with the outer end of transmission frame, connecting frame spoke; Or, as shown in Figure 70, fixed block 8 is for having the outer peripheral garter spring of streamline, and garter spring inward flange hoop is circumferential in blade, garter spring outward edge is extended with outstanding ear 8-1 towards transmission frame or connecting frame, and outstanding ear 8-1 is fixedly connected with or is rotationally connected with the outer end of transmission frame, connecting frame spoke.Adopt after the fixed block of this structure, the structure of implementing power control is: fixed block is provided with the telescopic controller in order to rotor blade angle between a side of transmission frame or connecting frame and transmission frame or connecting frame spoke.
All employings are equal to the technological scheme of replacement or equivalent transformation formation, all drop on the protection domain of requirement of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a centre of gravity efficient vertical axis wind energy conversion system, comprises and determines the fixed gantry of vertical spin axis and be supported in the wind wheel on pylon, described wind wheel and pylon form the pair that horizontally rotates of axial constraint; Described wind wheel comprises that rotating center is supported in the wheel carrier of described pylon and is distributed in the blade of described wheel carrier periphery; It is characterized in that the streamlined cross-section blade that described blade is upper downward-extension; Described wheel carrier comprises the spoke of one group of circumferential uniform horizontal-extending and upper and lower corresponding; The spoke of described wheel carrier forms respectively a rotating center and is supported in transmission frame and at least one connecting frame of pylon, and described connecting frame is fixedly connected with adjacent connecting frame or transmission frame through supporting element; The outer end of described transmission frame, connecting frame spoke is directly fixedly connected with the upper and lower corresponding site of blade respectively or is fixedly connected with or is rotationally connected with the fixed block that is fixed on blade.
2. centre of gravity efficient vertical axis wind energy conversion system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described wheel carrier adopts the first structure:
Described transmission frame middle part is regular polygon and is provided with truss; Described truss is made up of the first flange and the loading arm that is distributed in the first flange circumferentially and radially extend, and described loading arm end is connected with the middle part on the transmission frame each summit of regular polygon, middle part or the each limit of regular polygon respectively; In the time that described truss loading arm end is connected with the middle part on the each limit of regular polygon, transmission frame middle part respectively, described transmission frame middle part is also provided with the connecting rod being connected with loading arm between the adjacent both sides of regular polygon; Described the first flange forms the rotating center of transmission frame, and forms the pair that horizontally rotates of axial constraint with pylon top.
3. centre of gravity efficient vertical axis wind energy conversion system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described wind wheel also comprise be rotationally connected with pylon top and axis along the main shaft of vertical layout or the power input shaft of load, described the first flange and main shaft or be coaxially connected with power input shaft; Described blade is the streamlined cross-section blade of vertical extension; Described blade has and is respectively convex and is asymmetricly distributed in the blade face outwardly of blade wing chord both sides and blade face inwardly; Described leaf cross-section shape is asymmetric droplet-shaped; The mean camber line of described blade encircles to described spin axis; Distance between intersection point and leading edge point in the cross section of described blade, perpendicular to the thickness biggest place in chordwise on wing chord is 0.12-0.29 times of wing chord length.
4. centre of gravity efficient vertical axis wind energy conversion system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described wheel carrier adopts the second structure:
Described transmission frame middle part is regular polygon and is provided with truss; Described truss is arranged up and down by two and second, third coaxial flange, and the loading arm that is distributed in respectively second, third flange and circumferentially and radially extends and strengthen arm and form, described loading arm and the end of strengthening arm are connected with the each summit of regular polygon, transmission frame middle part respectively; Between corresponding loading arm and reinforcement arm, be provided with at least one muscle; Described second, third flange forms the rotating center of transmission frame, and forms the pair that horizontally rotates of axial constraint with pylon top.
5. centre of gravity efficient vertical axis wind energy conversion system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described wind wheel also comprise be rotationally connected with pylon top and axis along the main shaft of vertical layout or the power input shaft of load, described second, third flange and main shaft or be coaxially connected with power input shaft; Described blade is the streamlined cross-section blade of vertical extension; Described blade has and is respectively convex and is asymmetricly distributed in the blade face outwardly of blade wing chord both sides and blade face inwardly; Described leaf cross-section shape is asymmetric droplet-shaped; The mean camber line of described blade encircles to described spin axis; Distance between intersection point and leading edge point in the cross section of described blade, perpendicular to the thickness biggest place in chordwise on wing chord is 0.12-0.29 times of wing chord length.
6. according to centre of gravity efficient vertical axis wind energy conversion system described in claim 1 to 5 any one, it is characterized in that, described fixed block is that one end is fixedly connected with or is rotationally connected with the spoke outer end of transmission frame or connecting frame, the other end and the blade straight plate that blade face is connected inwardly; Or, described fixed block is " V " shape part with two outer ends and a corner end, two outer ends of described " V " shape part respectively with blade inwardly blade face or vane end faces be connected, the corner end of described " V " shape part is fixedly connected with or is rotationally connected with the spoke outer end of transmission frame or connecting frame; Or, described fixed block is for having the outer peripheral plate of streamline, plate face and the vane end faces of described plate are connected, and described plate is extended with outstanding ear towards transmission frame or connecting frame, and described outstanding ear is fixedly connected with or is rotationally connected with the outer end of transmission frame, connecting frame spoke; Or, described fixed block is for having the outer peripheral garter spring of streamline, described garter spring inward flange hoop is circumferential in blade, and described garter spring outward edge is extended with outstanding ear towards transmission frame or connecting frame, and described outstanding ear is fixedly connected with or is rotationally connected with the outer end of transmission frame, connecting frame spoke.
7. according to centre of gravity efficient vertical axis wind energy conversion system described in claim 1 to 5 any one, it is characterized in that, described fixed block is provided with the telescopic controller in order to rotor blade angle between a side of transmission frame or connecting frame and transmission frame or connecting frame spoke, or described fixed block is near being provided with the telescopic controller in order to rotor blade angle between the position of blade and transmission frame or connecting frame spoke; Described controller is elastic member, or described controller is the electric controller of the external control apparatus of controlled end.
8. according to centre of gravity efficient vertical axis wind energy conversion system described in claim 1 to 5 any one, it is characterized in that, described transmission frame middle part is with connecting frame middle part the regular polygon that shape is identical and each corresponding sides are parallel to each other; Between the described transmission frame each summit of regular polygon, middle part and the each summit of regular polygon, connecting frame middle part, be connected through supporting element; Described supporting element is " X " shape part with four ends, and described " X " shape part both upper ends thereof, two ends, bottom are connected with two adjacent vertexs of transmission frame or connecting frame respectively, and described " X " shape part is positioned at the same side of transmission frame and connecting frame; Or described supporting element is to be connected the straight-bar of the each corresponding vertex of transmission frame, connecting frame middle part regular polygon; Or described supporting element comprises the straight-bar of the transmission frame that is connected, the each corresponding vertex of connecting frame middle part regular polygon, is also provided with diagonal brace between described straight-bar and the dual-side on summit.
9. centre of gravity efficient vertical axis wind energy conversion system according to claim 8, is characterized in that, the company's of being provided with muscle also between the adjacent spoke in regular polygon outside, described transmission frame middle part; Between the adjacent spoke of described connecting frame middle part regular polygon, be also provided with connecting rod, or, between the adjacent spoke in regular polygon outside, described connecting frame middle part, be also provided with connecting rod; Between the top of adjacent blades, between bottom, be fixedly connected with respectively or be rotatably connected to connecting line.
10. according to centre of gravity efficient vertical axis wind energy conversion system described in claim 1 to 5 any one, it is characterized in that, described connecting frame have at least two and with transmission frame form at least two-layer spoke, every layer of spoke is separately installed with corresponding blade, the blade of installing on adjacent two layers spoke is interspersed.
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| CN201410177840.5A CN103939281B (en) | 2014-04-29 | 2014-04-29 | Low-gravity-center efficient vertical axis wind turbine |
| PCT/CN2014/078743 WO2015165141A1 (en) | 2014-04-29 | 2014-05-29 | Low-center-of-gravity high-efficiency vertical-axis wind turbine |
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| CN201410177840.5A CN103939281B (en) | 2014-04-29 | 2014-04-29 | Low-gravity-center efficient vertical axis wind turbine |
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| CN109272889A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-01-25 | 覃庆冬 | The bus station billboard of more space of a whole page rotary types |
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| WO2015165141A1 (en) | 2015-11-05 |
| CN103939281B (en) | 2017-01-11 |
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