CN103937669B - A kind of hand-held electroporation device - Google Patents
A kind of hand-held electroporation device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of hand-held electroporation device, comprise hand held structures, electrode assemblie, contraposition cover, described hand held structures comprises supply lead, electrode is flexible revolves button, touch-screen switch, touch-screen; Described electrode assemblie comprises dismountable electrod-array, electrode fixation kit; Described electrode fixation kit comprises electrode connecting plate and positioning of electrode plate; Described dismountable electrod-array is fixed on described electrode fixation kit, and described touch-screen is capacitance plate or touch screens; Electrode assemblie and hand held structures can be formed electrical connection by described electrode connecting plate.Electrode assemblie in electroporation device of the present invention is detachable, be convenient to cleaning and change dissimilar electrode, wherein hand-held design compared with prior art, there is the features such as reasonable in design, structure simple, easily process, cost is low, simple and quick, practical, be applicable to laboratory high-throughput, high-level efficiency process cell, have good value for applications.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cell electroporation device, that particularly relate to a kind of dismountable, replaceable electrode, hand-held stereo electrod device.
Background technology
Since the 1970's electroporation technology is just used to be inserted into by molecule in zooblast or vegetable cell, investigator confirms, cell is exposed in of short duration lasting high-voltage electric field and can makes after birth forms passage, and macromole such as protein and DNA enter in cell by this passage.These passages are called as electric hole, are that the permeability that the cytolemma partial fracture caused by high-voltage electric field causes raises district.Although the lifetime of these holes is of short duration, is enough to meet macromole such as plasmid DNA molecule and enters the needs of cell.Although cell can tolerate the formation of these holes, if the hole formed is too much excessive, its process produced and the molecule imported thus also may kill cell.
Being with being the most simply with parallel plate capacitor to carry out electroporation the earliest, basic uniform electric field between electrode respect to one another, can be produced.The cell suspension and the operator that preparation are carried out electroporation wish that being imported to intracellular molecular mixing is placed between two electrodes, electrode passes to the high-voltage electric field pulse of one or many short period of time, thus reaches molecule and import to intracellular effect by electroporation.But the spacing between parallel-plate electrode is comparatively large, required voltage, usually all up to thousands of volt, inevasiblely can produce cathode effect, produces huge injury to cell.
Although the plane electrode occurred afterwards solves the negative effect that overtension brings, the cell concentration that at every turn can process is very little, is not suitable for high-throughout experimental implementation.Three-dimensional electrode easily thrusts tissue and live body, is used for the electroporation in the clinical direction such as tumour or biological tissue, and its electroporation efficiency is not high, less for the report of external cell electroporation as suspension cell or attached cell.
CN101553180A discloses a kind of for tumoricidal apparatus and method, the method comprises to tissue transmission electric field, comprise by positioning of electrode in the target tissue region comprising cancer cells, and exchange current is applied with the cancer cells of non-thermal ablation surrounding them target tissue region to destination organization.
CN103275874A discloses the distributed stereo electrod device of high-density, described device adopts the electrode of Packet Multiplexing, farthest can make up the electric field inequality that stereo electrod causes, can the cell of single treatment milliliter level, all can use in orifice plate and flow through devices, can avoid the injury of high-voltage to cell, cost is low, is a kind of high-throughput, high efficiency cell electroporation device.
Although above-mentioned prior art has disclosed a kind of three-dimensional electrode, but in actual use, its electrode fixed leg used can limit the use of this electrode, and too simply causes being difficult to control stiffness, the inconvenient operation when electroporation when using due to this three-dimensional electrode structure.
The present invention is in order to overcome above-mentioned defect, and the technical problem mainly solved is to provide that a kind of structure is simple, accurate contraposition, is easy to the hand-held electroporation device of dismountable, the replaceable electrod-array of processing and manufacturing.
Summary of the invention
The present invention includes and a kind ofly transmit the method for electric field to liquid, the method comprises multiple electrode to be arranged on and has in the target liq of suspension cell.Multiple electrode can comprise the first electrode and multiple second electrode.The method also comprises to this liquid applying alternating-current to provide radial outward extending electric field in liquid, thus reaches the object cell in liquid being realized to electroporation.
The invention provides a kind of dismountable hand-held three-dimensional electroporation device, comprise hand held structures, electrode assemblie, contraposition cover, it is characterized in that, described hand held structures comprises supply lead, electrode is flexible revolves button, touch-screen switch, touch-screen;
Described electrode assemblie comprises dismountable electrod-array, electrode fixation kit; Described electrode fixation kit comprises electrode connecting plate and positioning of electrode plate, and described electrode connecting plate is by Electrode connection corresponding for the electricimpulse that only applies same polarity to together, and described electrode is inserted in described positioning of electrode plate;
Described dismountable electrod-array is fixed on described electrode fixation kit, described electrod-array comprises multiple electrode, described multiple electrode comprises insulated part and/or non-insulated portion, described multiple electrode comprises pin or columnar electrode, described multiple electrode comprises straight or bending electrode, and described bending electrode comprises curved part or has the part of radius-of-curvature; On described multiple electrode, temporally the cycle applies the electricimpulse of the first polarity and the electricimpulse of the second polarity respectively, wherein, and the electrode that the electricimpulse of the second polarity that what the surrounding of the electrode that the electricimpulse of described first polarity is corresponding distributed is all is corresponding;
Electrode assemblie and hand held structures can be formed electrical connection by described electrode connecting plate, and are fixed on electrode and stretch the other end, preferably revolving button, and the electrode connecting plate on electrode assemblie can embed stretching with electrode in hand held structures and revolve the interface that button is connected.Described contraposition cover can be enclosed within bottom hand held structures, facilitates user's rapid-aligning on porous plate.Described touch-screen is capacitance plate or touch screens, and touch-screen can arrange the parameter such as voltage, electric current during electricimpulse, and can start electricimpulse.
Preferably, multiple electrodes in described electrod-array press regular polygon arrangement, cylinder packings, fan-shaped array, annular array, spherical arrangement, helical pattern, scroll arrangement, the arrangement of form concentric spirals line, and the distance between two electrodes adjacent in described electrod-array is equal.
Preferably, the shape of described electrod-array is the regular polygon be made up of some equilateral triangles, and described electrode is positioned on the summit of described equilateral triangle.
Preferably, described first polarity is positive pole, and described second polarity is negative pole.
Preferably, described first polarity is negative pole, and described second polarity is positive pole.
Preferably, the material of described electrode is shape memory metal or spring steel.
Preferably, the material of described electrode is selected from stainless steel, platinum, gold and silver, copper or other electro-conductive materials.
Preferably, the diameter of described electrode is 0.01-1.2mm, and the distance between described two adjacent electrode central points is 0.1-2.4mm, and the number of described electrode is for being greater than 19.
Preferably, the diameter of described electrode is 0.1-0.4mm, and the distance between described two adjacent electrode central points is 0.2-1.5mm, and the number of described electrode is for being greater than 36.
Preferably, the diameter of described electrode is 0.3mm, and the distance between described two adjacent electrode central points is 1mm, and the number of described electrode is 37.
Preferably, electrode in described electrod-array is divided into some groups, the electrode of described same group only applies the electricimpulse of same polarity, with described electrod-array wherein one group apply electricimpulse for positive pole, all the other groups are negative pole applying electricimpulse, then with another group for positive pole applies electricimpulse, all the other groups are that negative pole applies electricimpulse, so alternately, the electric field obtained superposition is obtained uniform electric field.
The present invention compared with prior art, useful effect is: the electrode assemblie in hand-held electroporation device of the present invention is detachable, be convenient to cleaning and change dissimilar electrode, wherein hand-held design compared with prior art, there is the features such as uniqueness novel in design, structure simply, are easily processed, cost is low, simple and quick, practical, be applicable to laboratory selectivity high-throughput, high-level efficiency process cell, have good value for applications.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, below the accompanying drawing used required in describing embodiment is briefly described, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 illustrates the side-view according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 illustrates the contraposition cover installing the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 illustrates the electrode contraction schedule according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 illustrates the electric power host according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the front view of stereo electrod device described in Fig. 1;
Fig. 6 is the topology diagram of electrod-array in stereo electrod device described in Fig. 1;
Distribution of electrodes figure when Fig. 7 is described stereo electrod device applying electricimpulse;
Fig. 8 is that the described stereo electrod device of HEK-293A, HeIa, MCF-7, A-375, Neuro-2A, U251, C2C12,3T3-L1, CHO, MDCK, HL-60, HUVEC applies electroporation bright field figure in different electricimpulse situation and fluorogram;
In accompanying drawing, the mark of each parts is as follows: 1, supply lead; 2, electrode is flexible revolves button; 3, touch-screen switch; 4, touch-screen; 5, stereo electrod array; 6, contraposition post; 7, contraposition cover; 8, power supply display screen; 9, power output interface; 10, bolt; 11, nut; 12, electrode connecting plate; 13, positioning of electrode plate.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, can be easier to make advantages and features of the invention be readily appreciated by one skilled in the art, thus more explicit defining is made to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment one:
According to Figure of description Fig. 1 to Fig. 5, the invention provides a kind of dismountable stereo electrod device, comprise hand held structures, dismountable electrode assemblie, contraposition cover;
Described hand held structures comprises supply lead 1, electrode is flexible revolves button 2, touch-screen switch 3, touch-screen 4;
Described supply lead and power output interface 9 are connected to form electric pathway, and supply lead 1 can use general electric wire.
Described electrode stretch revolve button 2 can the flexible length of control electrode array, press the bottom that backspin button rear electrode array stretches out hand held structures, press the bottom of revolving button rear electrode array retraction hand held structures, when revolving button, electrod-array can have been regulated to stretch out the length of the bottom of hand held structures.Preferably, dextrorotation rotates button and can stretch by control electrode array, is rotated counterclockwise to revolve button and can to retract electrod-array, and preferably, the angle of revolving button rotation can meet electrod-array and just stretch out contraposition cover or retraction contraposition cover completely completely.
Described touch-screen switch 3 adopts push type, and when pressing, touch-screen is opened, and after having pressed, touch-screen is closed.Preferably, omit touch-screen switch, after power supply is connected, namely touch-screen is opened, and user directly can arrange voltage, the parameters such as electric current in touch-screen, and starts electricimpulse in touch-screen.
Described touch-screen 4 is selected from the touch-screen kind that this area routine uses, the kind needing to select touch-screen that those skilled in the art can use according to reality.Touch-screen can show the voltage during electricimpulse when opening, frequency, electric current, impedance, the parameters such as temperature, and can start electricimpulse.Preferably, described touch-screen is capacitance plate or touch screens.
Described touch-screen is connected with electrode control device, and user can touch or grow by touch-screen, voltage when can select to set electricimpulse by touching the mode of pressing on the touchscreen, frequency, electric current, impedance, the parameters such as temperature, and can start electricimpulse.
Described contraposition cover 7 is one and is conveniently tightened on the disposable hood-shaped device bottom handheld terminal by screw thread, and its purposes facilitates user's rapid-aligning on 96 orifice plates by the contraposition post 6 on it, and avoid directly contacting orifice plate bottom handheld terminal, causes sample contamination.
Described contraposition post 6 be positioned at described contraposition cover 7 on, can and the plate hole of porous plate between gap be engaged the effect reaching fixing described electrod-array 5 mutually.
Described electrode assemblie comprises electrod-array 5, electrode fixation kit; Described electrod-array 5 is fixed on described electrode fixation kit.
Described electrod-array 5 is made up of solid 37 cylindrical electrodes, queueing discipline is that all electrode array become regular hexagon structure, spacing between two adjacent electrodes is all equal, with the spacing between adjacent two electrodes for the length of side, regular hexagon inside is divided into some little equilateral triangle unit, an electrode is placed on the summit of each equilateral triangle, and namely all electrodes are divided into I, II, III3 group, and the summit of each equilateral triangle unit belongs to I, II, III respectively.
The orthohexagonal internal diameter of described electrod-array 5 and the plate hole of porous plate match, and the distance between two adjacent electrode central points is 1mm.Voltage during effect of distance electroporation between two electrodes, can adjust as required.In electrode-inserting holes plate, be 0.1mm-1mm from the distance bottom orifice plate.
The diameter of described electrode is 0.3mm, and diameter is excessive or too smallly all can affect electroporation effect.When diameter is excessive, the effective electric field area of electroporation can reduce, and the cell concentration allowing to electroporation reduces, and is unfavorable for high-throughout cell electroporation.Diameter is too small, and electrode easily bends, and cost of manufacture is increased greatly.
The material of described electrode can select any conducting metal and other electro-conductive materials, and wherein stainless steel electrode is the fabulous material as electrode.Described stainless material has good bio-compatibility, easily cleans, not oxidizable, easily makes longer electrode, can produce in enormous quantities and repeatedly uses and do not affect its conductive characteristic.
Described electrode fixation kit comprises electrode connecting plate 12 and positioning of electrode plate 13, two electrode connecting plates 12 lay respectively at the position up and down of described positioning of electrode plate 13, more described electrode connecting plate 12 and described positioning of electrode plate 13 are tightened together with bolt 10 and nut 11.
The electrode of same group is connected together by welding process, conductive resin or other electricity mode of connection by described electrode connecting plate 12.Can adopt PCB, also can be any device that can complete regulation connection.Described positioning of electrode plate 13 is for positioning of electrode, and electrode is elongated easily bending, uses described positioning of electrode plate 13 can reduce the discordance of interelectrode distance, thus improves field uniformity.
Described dismountable hand-held three-dimensional electrode device can be the device of single hole, can be combined into 4 one group, also can 96 one group to coordinate biological conventional perforated plate construction, even to use more.
The electroporation method of described dismountable hand-held three-dimensional electrode device is: when electroporation first using I as positive pole, II, III apply electricimpulse as negative pole, the electric field simulation distribution obtained is as shown in the t1 in Fig. 7, again using II as positive pole, I, III apply electricimpulse as negative pole, and the electric field simulation obtained distributes as shown in the t2 in Fig. 7, then using III as positive pole, I, II apply electricimpulse as negative pole, and the electric field simulation distribution obtained is as shown in the t3 in Fig. 7.
For certain specific cell, time applied field is higher than a certain threshold value, cytolemma there will be perforate.When electric field increases gradually, the mortality ratio of cell there will be rising.In order to ensure high electroporation rate and the low actual of cell, need electric field accurately to control at electroporation threshold field.
It is uneven that t1, t2, t3 in Fig. 7 tri-distribution map of the electric field all show electric field, and thus when applying the pulse of single combination, must have electric field suffered by part cell higher than most cell or lower than most cell, electroporation efficiency can not be very high.But when three uneven electric field maximum field strengths are superimposed, situation but there occurs change.Electric field after superposition, as Max in Fig. 7, can find out that electric field is being all uniform more than the electric field in the region of more than 90%, and this illustrates that the maximum electric field that the cell in all zones receives is uniform.As long as therefore control the best electroporation voltage that described uniform electric field intensity is electroporation, the cell in whole effective area farthest can carry out electroporation.As can be seen here, Packet Multiplexing compensate for the electric field inequality that single packet causes, and improves electroporation efficiency, can judge that the electroporation efficiency of this combined electric field can be higher than conventional electroporation efficiency a lot.
Described dismountable hand-held three-dimensional electrode device can suspend or adherent electroporation to a lot of clone.We have selected HEK-293A, HeIa, MCF-7, A-375, Neuro-2A, U251, C2C12,3T3-L1, CH0, MDCK, HL-60, HUVEC12 kind cell to carry out electroporation, use GFP molecule as mark.If cell is by electroporation, GFP molecule can enter cell, and in cell, synthesize fluorescent substance, the fluorescent substance of synthesis can send green fluorescence after the match at fluorescence, therefore can draw the electroporation rate of cell divided by whole cell quantity by the quantity of cell in fluorescence field, namely the fluorescence intensity of equal density cells is larger, and electroporation efficiency is higher.
Fig. 8 is the result that described dismountable hand-held three-dimensional electrode device carries out Bioexperiment.In the picture of these 12 groups of electroporation experiment results, the left side is cell bright field figure, represents the cell quantity carrying out electroporation.Right figure is fluorescence field pattern, the situation of reflection cell electroporation.Contrasted by bright field figure and fluorogram, can show that the survival rate of cell and electroporation efficiency can up to more than 80%.
Described dismountable hand-held three-dimensional electrode device can be applied in flow through devices.Described dismountable hand-held three-dimensional electrode device is placed in the environment of streaming, the cell of flowing is uniformly distributed through described electrod-array with fluxion, through the control of flow velocity and impulse stimulation, make it to receive best electroporation incentive condition, described electroporation incentive condition comprises the voltage magnitude of pulse, pulse width, recurrent interval, pulse number and electrode and exchanges and control.In continuous flow system, except the time starting in-between the electrodes to flow except the time and cell that apply pulse on electrode needs to coordinate, between pulse and cell flow, do not need the coordination of " period processes ".
The advantage of the existing lasting flow electroporation of described dismountable hand-held three-dimensional electrode device, particularly in sterile closed system, high-throughput electroporation can be carried out to cell, can ensure that again each cell is subject to the pulse of best number of times and the most uniform electric field, to improve the efficiency of electroporation, and reduce mortality ratio.
Embodiment two:
The invention provides a kind of dismountable hand-held electrode device, other structures are identical with embodiment one, the queueing discipline of described electrod-array is that all electrode array become square structure, spacing between two adjacent electrodes is all equal, with the spacing between adjacent two electrodes for the length of side, square inside is divided into some little square shaped cells, an electrode is placed on each foursquare summit, namely all electrodes are divided into I, II, III, IV4 group, the summit of each square shaped cells belongs to I respectively, II, III, IV, using the wherein electrode of a group as positive pole, the electrode of all the other groups is as negative pole, apply electricimpulse in turn.
Embodiment three:
The invention provides a kind of dismountable hand-held electrode device, other structures are identical with embodiment one, the queueing discipline of described electrod-array is that all electrode array become regular hexagon structure, spacing between two adjacent electrodes is all equal, with the spacing between adjacent two electrodes for the length of side, plane is become some little regular hexagon unit, an electrode is placed on the summit of each regular hexagon unit, namely all electrodes are divided into I, II, III, IV, V, VI6 group, the summit of each regular hexagon unit belongs to I respectively, II, III, IV, V and VI, using the wherein electrode of a group as positive pole, the electrode of all the other groups is as negative pole, apply electricimpulse in turn.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present invention is limited; every utilize specification sheets of the present invention and accompanying drawing content to do equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. a hand-held electroporation device, comprises hand held structures, electrode assemblie, contraposition cover, it is characterized in that, described hand held structures comprises supply lead, electrode is flexible revolves button, touch-screen switch, touch-screen;
Described contraposition cover is one and is conveniently tightened on the disposable hood-shaped device bottom hand held structures by screw thread, and contraposition post is positioned at described contraposition and puts, can and the plate hole of porous plate between gap be engaged the effect reaching fixing described electrod-array mutually;
Described electrode stretch revolve button can the flexible length of control electrode array, press the bottom that backspin button rear electrode array stretches out hand held structures, press the bottom of revolving button rear electrode array retraction hand held structures, when revolving button, electrod-array can have been regulated to stretch out the length of the bottom of hand held structures;
Described electrode assemblie comprises stereo electrod array, electrode fixation kit;
Described electrode fixation kit comprises electrode connecting plate and positioning of electrode plate, two electrode connecting plates lay respectively at the position up and down of described positioning of electrode plate, with screw bolt and nut, described electrode connecting plate and described positioning of electrode plate are tightened together again, described electrode connecting plate is by Electrode connection corresponding for the electricimpulse that only applies same polarity to together, and described electrode is inserted in described positioning of electrode plate; Described stereo electrod array is fixed on described electrode fixation kit, described electrod-array comprises multiple electrode, described multiple electrode comprises insulated part and/or non-insulated portion, described multiple electrode comprises pin and/or columnar electrode, described multiple electrode comprises direct sum/or bending electrode, and described bending electrode comprises curved part or has the part of radius-of-curvature; On described multiple electrode, temporally the cycle applies the electricimpulse of the first polarity and the electricimpulse of the second polarity respectively, wherein, the electrode that the electricimpulse of the second polarity that what the surrounding of the electrode that the electricimpulse of described first polarity is corresponding distributed is all is corresponding, the diameter of described electrode is 0.01-1.2mm, and the distance between described two adjacent electrode central points is 0.1-2.4mm;
Described touch-screen is capacitance plate or touch screens, and touch-screen can arrange voltage, current parameters during electricimpulse, and can start electricimpulse;
Electrode assemblie and hand held structures can be formed electrical connection by described electrode connecting plate, and are fixed on electrode and stretch and revolve the other end of button.
2. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the multiple electrodes in described electrod-array press regular polygon arrangement or cylinder packings, and the distance between two electrodes adjacent in described electrod-array is equal.
3. device according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the shape of described electrod-array is the regular polygon be made up of some equilateral triangles, and described electrode is positioned on the summit of described equilateral triangle.
4. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described first polarity is positive pole, and described second polarity is negative pole.
5. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described first polarity is negative pole, and described second polarity is positive pole.
6. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the material of described electrode is shape memory metal or spring steel.
7. device according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the material of described electrode comprises stainless steel, platinum, gold and silver, copper or other electro-conductive materials.
8., according to the arbitrary described device of claim 1-7, it is characterized in that, the number of described electrode is for being greater than 19.
9. device according to claim 8, is characterized in that, the diameter of described electrode is 0.1-0.4mm, and the distance between described two adjacent electrode central points is 0.2-1.5mm, and the number of described electrode is for being greater than 36.
10. device according to claim 9, is characterized in that, the diameter of described electrode is 0.3mm, and the distance between described two adjacent electrode central points is 1mm, and the number of described electrode is 37.
11. according to the arbitrary described device of claim 1-7, it is characterized in that, electrode in described electrod-array is divided into some groups, the electrode of described same group only applies the electricimpulse of same polarity, with described electrod-array wherein one group apply electricimpulse for positive pole, all the other groups are negative pole applying electricimpulse, again with another group for positive pole applies electricimpulse, all the other groups apply electricimpulse for negative pole, so replace, and the electric field obtained superposition is obtained uniform electric field.
12., according to the arbitrary described device of claim 1-7, is characterized in that, omit described touch-screen switch.
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| CN201410100032.9A CN103937669B (en) | 2014-03-18 | 2014-03-18 | A kind of hand-held electroporation device |
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| CN201410100032.9A CN103937669B (en) | 2014-03-18 | 2014-03-18 | A kind of hand-held electroporation device |
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| CN103937669B true CN103937669B (en) | 2016-04-06 |
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| CN107058095B (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2020-07-28 | 清华大学 | Hand-held electroporation device |
| CN116987589A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2023-11-03 | 苏州壹达生物科技有限公司 | Flow electroporation device |
| US11579665B2 (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2023-02-14 | Atmel Corporation | Knob on display devices and related systems, methods, and devices |
| CN117651758A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2024-03-05 | 株式会社Bex | Electrode and electrode kit |
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| CN101384697A (en) * | 2006-02-10 | 2009-03-11 | 生物辐射实验室股份有限公司 | Apparatus for high-throughput electroporation |
| CN103237882A (en) * | 2010-06-22 | 2013-08-07 | 隆萨科隆有限公司 | Method and device for uniformly treating adherent cells |
| CN103275874A (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2013-09-04 | 苏州文曲生物微***有限公司 | High-density distributed stereo electrode apparatus |
| CN103555574A (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2014-02-05 | 苏州文曲生物微***有限公司 | Flow-type electric punching device |
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2014
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101384697A (en) * | 2006-02-10 | 2009-03-11 | 生物辐射实验室股份有限公司 | Apparatus for high-throughput electroporation |
| CN103237882A (en) * | 2010-06-22 | 2013-08-07 | 隆萨科隆有限公司 | Method and device for uniformly treating adherent cells |
| CN103275874A (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2013-09-04 | 苏州文曲生物微***有限公司 | High-density distributed stereo electrode apparatus |
| CN103555574A (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2014-02-05 | 苏州文曲生物微***有限公司 | Flow-type electric punching device |
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