CN103934642B - A kind of steel cold-extrusion technology - Google Patents
A kind of steel cold-extrusion technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN103934642B CN103934642B CN201410177805.3A CN201410177805A CN103934642B CN 103934642 B CN103934642 B CN 103934642B CN 201410177805 A CN201410177805 A CN 201410177805A CN 103934642 B CN103934642 B CN 103934642B
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of steel cold-extrusion technology, comprises and low alloy steel is sawn into blank, anneal, machining, oil removing, phosphatization, saponification, cleaning, cold extrusion, hip treatment, the process of carburizing nitrogen, surface homogenizing, laser transformation hardening process, impeller blasting, temper and essence car process. This technique can make and obtain steelwork homogeneous, that unrelieved stress is few, intensity is high, is applicable to be processed by steel material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of steel cold-extrusion technology, belong to cold extrusion processing technology field.
Background technology
Cold extrusion is placed in mold cavity by metal blank, at room temperature, applies pressure by pressing machine to the metal blank in mold cavity, makes blank produce the technique of viscous deformation and obtained component. At present, for the steel blank of the materials such as soft steel, medium carbon steel, bearing steel, rapid steel, low alloy steel and stainless steel, cold-extrusion technology process all can be adopted shaping. As Chinese patent literature CN103173599A discloses the cold extrusion method of a kind of high precision, high-strength steel material, after hot-rolled low-alloy structured steel pipe is carried out the technological processs such as normalizing treatment, pickling, cleaning neutralization, phosphatization, saponification, cold extrusion and destressing process, obtain mechanical property and steel pipe that dimensional precision significantly improves compared with starting materials.
But, the steel pipe uniform in material obtained after above-mentioned cold extrusion is poor, causes follow-up destressing process still to make the remaining a large amount of stress of steel, thus the intensity causing gained steel is poor.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is that in prior art, after cold extrusion, the uniform in material of steel pipe is poor, causes the unrelieved stress in steel to remove, and steel strength is low; And then the steel cold-extrusion technology that a kind of gained steel are homogeneous, unrelieved stress is few, intensity is high is proposed.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention provides a kind of steel cold-extrusion technology, comprises,
(1) low alloy steel is sawn into blank;
(2) described blank is placed in high-temperature electric resistance furnace and carries out anneal, be heated to 950-1000 DEG C of insulation 6-9h, be incubated 9-15h after being down to 650-800 DEG C by 4-7h, naturally cool to room temperature afterwards;
(3) surface of blank after anneal is carried out machining;
(4) blank after machining is carried out oil removing, phosphatization, saponification, and clean;
(5), after the blank after cleaning being placed in the sealing of mould jacket, hydropress is adopted to carry out cold extrusion;
(6) being taken out by the sealed mold jacket that blank is housed, be placed in hot isostatic pressing process, pressure is 100-150MPa, and temperature is 750-900 DEG C, in treatment time 30min, obtains work in-process;
(7) work in-process are taken out in mould jacket loading heating chamber, the mixed gas into nitrogen and carbon monoxide is led to after vacuumizing, being heated to the carburizing nitrogen process that 650-750 DEG C carries out 3h, gaseous tension is 0.2MPa, and in mixed gas, the volume ratio of nitrogen and carbon monoxide is 4:6;
(8) work in-process after being processed by carburizing nitrogen flood 2h in the levelling agent of surface, with parts by weight, described surface levelling agent is made up of the DBPC 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol of the base oil of 80 parts, the phosphoric acid ester of 15 parts, the sulfide aliphatic acid ester of 30 parts, the dodecenylsuccinic acid of 2 parts, the succimide of 0.1 part, the butyl pentanoic of 0.005 part and 3 parts;
(9) work in-process taken out in the levelling agent of surface carry out laser transformation hardening process, and LASER HEATING temperature is 900-1200 DEG C, and the time is 20-30s;
(10) adopt abrator to process the work in-process after process, remove surface film oxide;
(11) work in-process after throwing ball being carried out temper, tempering temperature is 180-350 DEG C, naturally cools to room temperature afterwards;
(12) work in-process after tempering carry out essence car process.
In step (4), described cleaning comprises pickling and neutralization cleaning process.
In step (5), the pressure of cold extrusion is 150-300MPa, and the time of cold extrusion is 1h.
In step (8), work in-process are immersed in the surperficial levelling agent of 30-50 DEG C.
In step (9), laser energy is 103-105W.
The present invention has following useful effect compared with prior art:
(1) steel cold-extrusion technology of the present invention, after described steel jagsaw material, annealing, machining, oil removing, phosphatization, saponification, cleaning, cold extrusion, hot isostatic pressing, carburizing nitrogen, surface homogenizing, laser transformation hardening, throwing ball, tempering, essence car process, the steel obtained are homogeneous, unrelieved stress is few, thus obtain the steel of high strength; Avoiding steel pipe uniform in material in prior art poor, follow-up destressing process makes the remaining a large amount of stress of steel, the problem causing the intensity of gained steel poor.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Steel cold-extrusion technology of the present invention, comprises,
(1) low alloy steel is sawn into blank;
(2) described blank is placed in high-temperature electric resistance furnace and carries out anneal, be heated to 950-1000 DEG C of insulation 9h, be incubated 9-10h after being down to 650-700 DEG C by 6-7h, naturally cool to room temperature afterwards;
(3) surface of blank after anneal is carried out machining;
(4) blank after machining is carried out oil removing, phosphatization, saponification, and clean;
(5) after the blank after cleaning being placed in the sealing of mould jacket, adopting hydropress to carry out cold extrusion, pressure is 150MPa, and the cold extrusion time is 1h;
(6) being taken out by the sealed mold jacket that blank is housed, be placed in hot isostatic pressing process, pressure is 100-150MPa, and temperature is 750-900 DEG C, in treatment time 30min, obtains work in-process;
(7) work in-process are taken out in mould jacket loading heating chamber, the mixed gas into nitrogen and carbon monoxide is led to after vacuumizing, being heated to the carburizing nitrogen process that 650-750 DEG C carries out 3h, gaseous tension is 0.2MPa, and in mixed gas, the volume ratio of nitrogen and carbon monoxide is 4:6;
(8) work in-process after being processed by carburizing nitrogen flood 2h in the levelling agent of surface, with parts by weight, described surface levelling agent is made up of the DBPC 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol of the base oil of 80 parts, the phosphoric acid ester of 15 parts, the sulfide aliphatic acid ester of 30 parts, the dodecenylsuccinic acid of 2 parts, the succimide of 0.1 part, the butyl pentanoic of 0.005 part and 3 parts;
(9) work in-process taken out in the levelling agent of surface carry out laser transformation hardening process, and LASER HEATING temperature is 900-1200 DEG C, and the time is 20-30s;
(10) adopt abrator to process the work in-process after process, remove surface film oxide;
(11) work in-process after throwing ball being carried out temper, tempering temperature is 180-350 DEG C, naturally cools to room temperature afterwards;
(12) work in-process after tempering are carried out essence car process, obtains steel bar 1.
Embodiment 2
Steel cold-extrusion technology of the present invention, comprises,
(1) low alloy steel is sawn into blank;
(2) described blank is placed in high-temperature electric resistance furnace and carries out anneal, be heated to 950-1000 DEG C of insulation 6h, be incubated 9-15h after being down to 700-800 DEG C by 4-5h, naturally cool to room temperature afterwards;
(3) surface of blank after anneal is carried out machining;
(4) blank after machining is carried out oil removing, phosphatization, saponification, and carry out pickling and neutralization cleaning;
(5) after the blank after cleaning being placed in the sealing of mould jacket, adopting hydropress to carry out cold extrusion, pressure is 300MPa, and the cold extrusion time is 1h;
(6) being taken out by the sealed mold jacket that blank is housed, be placed in hot isostatic pressing process, pressure is 100-150 DEG C of MPa, and temperature is 750-900 DEG C, in treatment time 30min, obtains work in-process;
(7) work in-process are taken out in mould jacket loading heating chamber, the mixed gas into nitrogen and carbon monoxide is led to after vacuumizing, being heated to the carburizing nitrogen process that 650-750 DEG C carries out 3h, gaseous tension is 0.2MPa, and in mixed gas, the volume ratio of nitrogen and carbon monoxide is 4:6;
(8) work in-process after being processed by carburizing nitrogen flood 2h in the levelling agent of surface, with parts by weight, described surface levelling agent is made up of the DBPC 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol of the base oil of 80 parts, the phosphoric acid ester of 15 parts, the sulfide aliphatic acid ester of 30 parts, the dodecenylsuccinic acid of 2 parts, the succimide of 0.1 part, the butyl pentanoic of 0.005 part and 3 parts;
(9) work in-process taken out in the levelling agent of surface carry out laser transformation hardening process, and LASER HEATING temperature is 900-1200 DEG C, and the time is 20-30s;
(10) adopt abrator to process the work in-process after process, remove surface film oxide;
(11) work in-process after throwing ball being carried out temper, tempering temperature is 180-350 DEG C, naturally cools to room temperature afterwards;
(12) work in-process after tempering are carried out essence car process, obtains steel bar 2.
Embodiment 3
Steel cold-extrusion technology of the present invention, comprises,
(1) low alloy steel is sawn into blank;
(2) described blank is placed in high-temperature electric resistance furnace and carries out anneal, be heated to 950-1000 DEG C of insulation 8h, be incubated 9-15h after being down to 700-800 DEG C by 4-5h, naturally cool to room temperature afterwards;
(3) surface of blank after anneal is carried out machining;
(4) blank after machining is carried out oil removing, phosphatization, saponification, and carry out pickling and neutralization cleaning;
(5) after the blank after cleaning being placed in the sealing of mould jacket, adopting hydropress to carry out cold extrusion, the pressure of cold extrusion is 200MPa, and the time of cold extrusion is 1h;
(6) being taken out by the sealed mold jacket that blank is housed, be placed in hot isostatic pressing process, pressure is 100-150MPa, and temperature is 750-900 DEG C, in treatment time 30min, obtains work in-process;
(7) work in-process are taken out in mould jacket loading heating chamber, the mixed gas into nitrogen and carbon monoxide is led to after vacuumizing, being heated to the carburizing nitrogen process that 650-750 DEG C carries out 3h, gaseous tension is 0.2MPa, and in mixed gas, the volume ratio of nitrogen and carbon monoxide is 4:6;
(8) work in-process after being processed by carburizing nitrogen flood 2h in the surperficial levelling agent of 30-50 DEG C, with parts by weight, described surface levelling agent is made up of the DBPC 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol of the base oil of 80 parts, the phosphoric acid ester of 15 parts, the sulfide aliphatic acid ester of 30 parts, the dodecenylsuccinic acid of 2 parts, the succimide of 0.1 part, the butyl pentanoic of 0.005 part and 3 parts;
(9) work in-process taken out in the levelling agent of surface carry out laser transformation hardening process, and LASER HEATING temperature is 900-1200 DEG C, and the time is 20-30s, and laser energy is 103-105W;
(10) adopt abrator to process the work in-process after process, remove surface film oxide;
(11) work in-process after throwing ball being carried out temper, tempering temperature is 180-350 DEG C, naturally cools to room temperature afterwards;
(12) work in-process after tempering are carried out essence car process, obtains steel bar 3.
Comparative example
By low alloy steel at 900 DEG C through normalizing treatment, crystal grain thinning; Then carry out pickling, clean the surface treatment of neutralization, phosphatization, saponification; Obtain work in-process by cold extrusion, work in-process are incubated 4h destressing process at 500 DEG C, obtain steel bar A.
Parkerizing process in above-described embodiment and comparative example adopt zinc phosphate, manganese salt attachment phosphatize phosphate coat carry out phosphatization; In addition other method for bonderizing are also applicable to the technique of the present invention.
Test case
1) tensile strength of steel bar in testing example 1-3 and comparative example;
2) steel bar in embodiment 1-3 and comparative example is carried out ultrasonic inspection, according to JB/T4730.3-2005, steel bar is graded, the results are shown in following table.
By test result it will be seen that the steel bar of technique of the present invention making, intensity and uniform in material are all higher than the steel bar of comparative example technique making such that it is able to obtain high-quality steelwork.
Although it has been carried out detailed elaboration by above-mentioned specific embodiment by the present invention; but; those skilled in the art, it is to be appreciated that makes on this basis does not exceed any form of claims and the change of details, all belong to invention which is intended to be protected.
Claims (5)
1. a steel cold-extrusion technology, comprises,
(1) low alloy steel is sawn into blank;
(2) described blank is placed in high-temperature electric resistance furnace and carries out anneal, be heated to 950-1000 DEG C of insulation 6-9h, be incubated 9-15h after being down to 650-800 DEG C by 4-7h, naturally cool to room temperature afterwards;
(3) surface of blank after anneal is carried out machining;
(4) blank after machining is carried out oil removing, phosphatization, saponification, and clean;
(5), after the blank after cleaning being placed in the sealing of mould jacket, hydropress is adopted to carry out cold extrusion;
(6) being taken out by the sealed mold jacket that blank is housed, carry out hip treatment, pressure is 100-150MPa, and temperature is 750-900 DEG C, in treatment time 30min, obtains work in-process;
(7) work in-process are taken out in mould jacket loading heating chamber, the mixed gas into nitrogen and carbon monoxide is led to after vacuumizing, being heated to the carburizing nitrogen process that 650-750 DEG C carries out 3h, gaseous tension is 0.2MPa, and in mixed gas, the volume ratio of nitrogen and carbon monoxide is 4:6;
(8) work in-process after being processed by carburizing nitrogen flood 2h in the levelling agent of surface, with parts by weight, described surface levelling agent is made up of the DBPC 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol of the base oil of 80 parts, the phosphoric acid ester of 15 parts, the sulfide aliphatic acid ester of 30 parts, the dodecenylsuccinic acid of 2 parts, the succimide of 0.1 part, the butyl pentanoic of 0.005 part and 3 parts;
(9) work in-process taken out in the levelling agent of surface carry out laser transformation hardening process, and LASER HEATING temperature is 900-1200 DEG C, and the time is 20-30s;
(10) adopt abrator to process the work in-process after process, remove surface film oxide;
(11) work in-process after throwing ball being carried out temper, tempering temperature is 180-350 DEG C, naturally cools to room temperature afterwards;
(12) work in-process after tempering carry out essence car process.
2. cold-extrusion technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that, in step (4), described cleaning comprises pickling and neutralization cleaning process.
3. cold-extrusion technology according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that, in step (5), the pressure of cold extrusion is 150-300MPa, and the time of cold extrusion is 1h.
4. the cold-extrusion technology stated according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that, in step (8), work in-process are immersed in the surperficial levelling agent of 30-50 DEG C.
5. cold-extrusion technology according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that, in step (9), laser energy is 103-105W��
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| CN104476145B (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2016-11-30 | 浙江赛特机械有限公司 | The manufacture method of pad |
| US10689744B2 (en) | 2015-03-24 | 2020-06-23 | Quintus Technologies Ab | Method and arrangement for processing articles |
| CN106111728A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-11-16 | 余姚市婉珍五金厂 | A kind of seamless pipe hot extrusion technique |
| CN106269979A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-01-04 | 余姚市婉珍五金厂 | A kind of seamless pipe cold-extrusion technology |
| CN111408530B (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2022-05-10 | 丽水市正阳电力设计院有限公司 | Surface treatment method of weathering resistant steel |
| CN112122376B (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2022-05-31 | 河北海航管道制造有限公司 | Cold extrusion process for manufacturing seamless oblique steel tee |
| CN112658052A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-04-16 | 玉环市东南塑胶机电有限公司 | Cold extrusion forming process and die for contact finger part of high-voltage electrical appliance |
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| CH599348A5 (en) * | 1975-10-20 | 1978-05-31 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | |
| CN1603057A (en) * | 2004-08-26 | 2005-04-06 | 薛安志 | Precision casting and extrusion processing technique of high-carbon chromium bearing steel cycloid wheel |
| CN100567548C (en) * | 2006-09-26 | 2009-12-09 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of manufacture method of high-vanadium, high-cobalt high speed steel |
| JP5058769B2 (en) * | 2007-01-09 | 2012-10-24 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Manufacturing method and manufacturing equipment for high strength cold-rolled steel sheet excellent in chemical conversion processability |
| CN101172327A (en) * | 2007-11-23 | 2008-05-07 | 阚柳凤 | Anchor clipper through hole type workblank cold pressing technique |
| CN101422861B (en) * | 2008-11-27 | 2010-12-22 | 江苏森威精锻有限公司 | Accurate forming method of special-shape deep-hole type parts |
| CN101596558B (en) * | 2009-06-29 | 2011-03-16 | 山东联诚集团有限公司 | Blank cold extruding technology |
| CN102513792A (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2012-06-27 | 上海久丰汽车零件有限公司 | Cold extrusion forming process for oil pump shaft for automobile |
| CN102764958B (en) * | 2012-07-13 | 2014-09-24 | 江苏中友精密制管有限公司 | Process for manufacturing cold-rolled/cold-drawn precise welded steel pipe |
| CN103173599B (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2015-08-05 | 宜昌中南精密钢管有限公司 | The cold extrusion method of a kind of high precision, high-strength steel material |
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