CN103931183B

CN103931183B - The coding/decoding method and device of context initialization based on decoder picture buffer

Info

Publication number: CN103931183B
Application number: CN201280055465.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 基兰·米斯拉; 克里斯多夫·A·西格尔
Original assignee: Sharp Corp
Current assignee: Has Media International Ltd
Priority date: 2011-11-10
Filing date: 2012-11-09
Publication date: 2017-09-08
Anticipated expiration: 2032-11-09
Also published as: US10931951B2; JP2014535178A; JP6162113B2; BR112014011334A2; US9491471B2; US11412226B2; US10531091B2; CN103931183A; US20200162740A1; EP3952311B1; ES2728443T3; BR112014011334B1; EP3518539A1; US20160212431A1; IN2014CN03605A; US9338465B2; US20130003830A1; US20170026649A1; US20210144383A1; EP2777280A1

Abstract

A kind of method of frame of video for decoding video sequence, including：(a) receiving sheet header；(b) sheet type is recognized；(c) receive first to indicate, first mark indicates the initial method for initializing context；And (d), using one of the first initial method, the second initial method and the 3rd initial method, pair context associated with the sheet type is initialized.

Description

The coding/decoding method and device of context initialization based on decoder picture buffer

Technical field

Embodiments of the invention relate in general to Video coding, and specifically, certain embodiments of the present invention, which is related to, to be used for The technology of context initialization.

Background technology

Prior art method for video coding and standard, such as H.264/MPEG-4 AVC (H.264/AVC) and JCT-VC are examined Test model (TMuC) in worry can provide older method and the higher coding of standard by cost of higher complexity Efficiency.Its complexity may also be increased to the quality requirement and resolution requirement of method for video coding and standard by increasing.Support simultaneously The decoder of row decoding can improve decoding speed and reduce memory requirement.In addition, the progress of polycaryon processor can cause The encoder and decoder for supporting parallel decoding are desired.

H.264/MPEG-4 AVC [ITU-T VCEG and ISO/IEC herein is integrally coupled to by quoting MPEG joint video team, " H.264：H.264 and ISO/ advanced video coding for general audiovisual service ", ITU-T records IEC 14496-10 (parts of MPEG4-the 10th, in November, 2007] it is using macroblock prediction, is afterwards that remaining coding regards to reduce Time and spatial redundancy in frequency sequence are to obtain Video Codec (encoder/decoder) specification of compression efficiency.

By by quoting the test model (TMuC) being integrally coupled in consideration herein, [JCT-VC A205, " are examined Test model in worry ", on June 16th, 2010] be JCT-VC initial testing model.It is variable-sized by using that can have The basic coding unit for being referred to as encoding tree block (CTB), TMuC provided than H.264/AVC greater flexibility.

The content of the invention

One aspect of the present invention is used for the method for the video frame decoding of video sequence there is provided a kind of, including：

(a) receiving sheet header；

(b) sheet type is recognized；

(c) receive first to indicate, first mark indicates the initial method for initializing context；And

(d) using one of the first initial method, the second initial method and the 3rd initial method, pair with described class The associated context of type is initialized.

Be considered in conjunction with the accompanying the present invention it is described in detail below when, will be better understood the present invention foregoing and other mesh , feature and advantage.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the picture for showing H.264/AVC video encoder (prior art)；

Fig. 2 is the picture for showing H.264/AVC Video Decoder (prior art)；

Fig. 3 is the picture for showing example disc structure (prior art)；

Fig. 4 is the picture for showing example disc group structure (prior art)；

Fig. 5 is the picture for showing example disc dividing regions (partition) according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein, Picture can be divided with least one reconstruction slice, and reconstruction slice can be divided into more than one entropy tablet；

Fig. 6 is the chart for showing the exemplary embodiment of the invention including entropy tablet；

Fig. 7 is to show the parallel entropy decoding including multiple entropy tablets, be afterwards the exemplary implementation of the invention that piece is reconstructed The chart of example；

Fig. 8 is to show that the residual data including prediction data/picture level is multiplexed the present invention constructed for entropy tablet Exemplary embodiment chart；

Fig. 9 is to show that the Color plane including picture level is multiplexed the exemplary reality of the invention constructed for entropy tablet Apply the chart of example；

Figure 10 is shown including flowing into this hair that line translation is encoded to bit by entropy decoding, formation entropy tablet and entropy code The chart of bright exemplary embodiment；

Figure 11 is the chart for showing the exemplary embodiment of the invention including reconstruction slice to be divided into multiple entropy tablets, its In, the number of the Binary (bin) associated with each entropy tablet in multiple entropy tablets is no more than predefined binary bits number；

Figure 12 is the chart for showing the exemplary embodiment of the invention including reconstruction slice to be divided into multiple entropy tablets, its In, Binary can be associated with entropy tablet, until the number of the Binary in entropy tablet exceedes based on predefined maximum binary digit Purpose threshold value；

Figure 13 is the chart for showing the exemplary embodiment of the invention including reconstruction slice to be divided into multiple entropy tablets, its In, the number of the Binary associated with each entropy tablet in multiple entropy tablets is no more than predefined binary bits number and each reconstruct Piece includes the macro block no more than predefined number；

Figure 14 is the chart for showing the exemplary embodiment of the invention including reconstruction slice to be divided into multiple entropy tablets, its In, Binary can be associated with entropy tablet, until the number of the Binary in entropy tablet exceedes based on predefined maximum binary digit The macro block of purpose threshold value and each reconstruction slice comprising no more than predefined number；

Figure 15 is the chart for showing the exemplary embodiment of the invention including reconstruction slice to be divided into multiple entropy tablets, its In, the bit number associated with each entropy tablet in multiple entropy tablets is no more than predefined bit number；

Figure 16 is the chart for showing the exemplary embodiment of the invention including reconstruction slice to be divided into multiple entropy tablets, its In, bit can be associated with entropy tablet, until the bit number in entropy tablet exceedes the threshold value based on predefined maximum number bits；

Figure 17 is the picture for depicting the exemplary embodiment of the invention including multiple Binary encoders；

Figure 18 is the picture for depicting the exemplary embodiment of the invention including multiple context-adaptive units；

Figure 19 is to depict the example of the invention including multiple Binary encoders and multiple context-adaptive units The picture of property embodiment；

Figure 20 is the chart for showing the exemplary embodiment of the invention including reconstruction slice to be divided into multiple entropy tablets, its In, entropy tablet it is size-constrained to be limited in the binary bits number operated in entropy tablet by each limited entropy coder unit；

Figure 21 is the chart for showing the exemplary embodiment of the invention including reconstruction slice to be divided into multiple entropy tablets, its In, entropy tablet it is size-constrained to be limited in the binary bits number operated in entropy tablet by each limited entropy coder unit；

Figure 22 is the picture for depicting the exemplary embodiment of the invention including multiple Binary decoders；

Figure 23 is the picture for depicting the exemplary embodiment of the invention including multiple context-adaptive units；

Figure 24 is to depict the example of the invention including multiple Binary decoders and multiple context-adaptive units The picture of property embodiment；

Figure 25 is the picture for showing reconstructed blocks to the exemplary division of multiple entropy tablets, wherein, the macro block in entropy tablet is to connect Continuous；

Figure 26 is the picture for showing reconstructed blocks to the exemplary division of multiple entropy tablets, wherein, the macro block in entropy tablet is not Continuously；

Figure 27 is to show the exemplary division for reconstructed blocks to multiple entropy tablets, the discontinuous neighbour used in entropy decoding The picture of nearly block, wherein, the macro block in entropy tablet is discontinuous；

Figure 28 is to show the exemplary division for reconstructed blocks to multiple entropy tablets, the contiguous block used in entropy decoding and The picture of the reconstruct of block in entropy tablet, wherein, the macro block in entropy tablet is discontinuous；

Figure 29 is that the picture of the sample portion for the example bitstream for describing entropy tablet header position limitation is represented；

Figure 30 is that the picture of the sample portion for the example bitstream for describing entropy tablet header position limitation is represented；

Figure 31 is to show that the constrained portions for handling bit stream including entropy decoder are shown with the present invention for recognizing entropy tablet header The chart of example property embodiment；

Figure 32 is to show that the constrained portions for handling bit stream including entropy decoder are shown with the present invention for recognizing entropy tablet header The chart of example property embodiment；

Figure 33 is to show that the constrained portions for handling bit stream including entropy decoder are shown with the present invention for recognizing entropy tablet header The chart of example property embodiment；

Figure 34 is the figure for showing the example context table initialization scheme in entropy tablet according to an embodiment of the invention Piece；

Figure 34 A are to show in the exemplary embodiment of the present invention to scan adaptive picture.

Figure 35 is to show the example of the invention that the entropy coder decoupled with coefficient scanning order is obtained including context The chart of property embodiment；

Figure 36 is to show the example of the invention that the entropy decoder decoupled with coefficient scanning order is obtained including context The chart of property embodiment；

Figure 37 is the exemplary embodiment of the invention for showing the context-adaptive including being counted based on Binary Chart；

Figure 38 is to show the picture that exemplary, the separation of processed multiple Binaries are divided；

Figure 39 is the figure for showing the exemplary embodiment of the invention including the context-adaptive based on quantization parameter Table；

Figure 40 illustrates context initialization technology；

Figure 41 illustrates another context initialization technology；And

Figure 42 illustrates context initialization technology.

Figure 43 illustrates initialization technique.

Figure 44 illustrates initialization technique.

Figure 45 illustrates initialization technique.

Figure 46 illustrates initialization technique.

Embodiment

By reference to accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention will be best understood, wherein, identical reference is used from beginning to end To indicate identical part.Each figure listed above is explicitly incorporated to the part as this detailed description.

It will readily appreciate that, the part of the invention for such as totally describing and illustrating in this paper accompanying drawing can be by Arrange and design with a variety of different configurations.Therefore, the more detail below of the embodiment of method and system of the invention The scope of the present invention is not limiting as, but is merely representative of presently preferred embodiment of the invention.

The element of embodiments of the invention can be embodied with hardware, firmware and/or software.Although example disclosed herein Property embodiment may only describe one in these forms, it will be appreciated that those skilled in the art within the scope of the invention Member is possible to realize these elements with any one in these forms.

Although embodiments of the invention are adapted to (compile solution using any video encoder/decoder of entropy coding/decoding Code device), but on H.264/AVC encoder and H.264/AVC decoder is illustrated into many exemplary embodiments of the invention. This is intended for the explanation of embodiments of the invention rather than as limitation.

Many exemplary embodiments of the present invention can be described on the macro block as elementary cell.This is intended for Bright rather than conduct limitation.

Entitled " the Methods and Systems for Parallel Video submitted on March 28th, 2008 Encoding and Decoding (method and system for being used for parallel video coding and decoding) " U.S. Patent application No.12/058,301 is integrally coupled to herein by quoting.Entitled " the Methods that on October 14th, 2009 submits And Systems for Parallel Video Encoding and Decoding (are used for parallel video coding and decoding Method and system) " U.S. Patent application No.12/579,236 by by quote be integrally coupled to herein.

The method for video coding and standard of prior art, for example H.264/AVC and TMuC, can using higher complexity as Cost provides older method and the higher code efficiency of standard.Increase to method for video coding and the quality requirement of standard and Resolution requirement may also increase its complexity.Decoding speed can be improved and reduce memory by supporting the decoder of parallel decoding It is required that.In addition, the progress of polycaryon processor can make it that to support that the encoder and decoder of parallel decoding are desired.

And many other video encoding standards and method are to be based on the hybrid video coding side of block H.264/AVC Method, wherein, message sink coding algorithm is (being also regarded as interframe) prediction between picture, (being also regarded as frame in) prediction and predicted in picture The mixing of remaining transition coding.Inter prediction can make full use of time redundancy, and the conversion of interframe and prediction residue is compiled Code can make full use of spatial redundancy.

Fig. 1 shows the block diagram of exemplary H.264/AVC video encoder 2.Picture 4 is inputted, frame is also regarded as, can be with It is presented for encoding.Prediction signal 6 and residue signal 8 can be produced, wherein, prediction signal 6 can be based on inter prediction 10 Or infra-frame prediction 12.The reference picture 16 (being also regarded as reference frame) of storage can be used by dynamic compensating unit 14, and defeated Enter the movable information 19 for being handled and being determined by estimation portion 18 between frame 4 and reference frame 16 to determine inter prediction 10.Frame Interior prediction 12 can be determined by infra-frame prediction portion 20 using the signal 22 of decoding.Residue signal 8 can be by subtracting from prediction 6 4 are inputted to determine.Residue signal 8 is transformed/scales/and quantization unit 24 enters line translation, scaling and quantifies, so as to produce the change of quantization Change coefficient 26.The signal 22 of decoding can be by the way that prediction signal 6 be added by reverse (conversion/scaling/quantization) portion 30 usage amount Signal 28 that the conversion coefficient 26 of change is generated is generated.Movable information 19 and the conversion coefficient 26 quantified can be coded by entropy portion 32 Carry out entropy code and write compressed video bitstream 34.Can be preposition using what is reconstructed by deblocking filter 36 at encoder 2 Filtering signal 22 generates output image region 38, a part for such as reference frame.

Fig. 2 shows the block diagram of exemplary H.264/AVC Video Decoder 50.Input signal 52, also than being considered as bit Stream, can be presented for decoding.Entropy decoding can be carried out with entropy-decoded portion 54 by receiving symbol, so as to produce the He of movable information 56 Quantization zooming conversion coefficient 58.Can be by dynamic compensating unit 60 is by movable information 56 and may reside within the ginseng in frame memory 64 The part combination of frame 84 is examined, and inter prediction 68 can be generated.Quantization zooming conversion coefficient 58 can be reversed (conversion/ Scaling/quantization) 62 inverse quantization of portion, scaling and inverse transformation, so as to produce the residue signal 70 of decoding.Can be by residue signal 70 It is added with prediction signal 78, the Inter prediction signals 68 of prediction signal 78 either infra-frame prediction signal 76.Infra-frame prediction Signal 76 can be predicted by previous decoded information of the infra-frame prediction portion 74 in present frame 72.Composite signal 72 can be with Frame memory 64 can be written into by the signal 82 that deblocking filter 80 is filtered and is filtered.

In H.264/AVC, input picture is divided into the macro block of fixed dimension, wherein, each macro block covering brightness point The rectangle picture region of each 8 × 8 samplings in 16 × 16 samplings of amount and two chromatic components.In other codecs In standard, the elementary cell or basic coding unit different from macro block can be used, for example, encodes tree block.For being used as macro block Processing unit specify the decoding process of H.264/AVC standard.Syntactic element of the entropy decoder 54 to compressed video bitstream 52 Parsed and be de-multiplexed into.H.264/AVC two alternative approach of entropy decoding are specified：Switched based on context-adaptive and collected The low complex techniques used of variable-length code (VLC) (being referred to as CAVLC), and the adaptive binary arithmetic based on context The algorithm of more calculating the need for coding (being referred to as CABAC).In two kinds of entropy decoding methods, the decoding of current sign can be according to Rely in the symbol and the context model of adaptive updates that be previously correctly decoded.Furthermore it is possible to by different data messages, such as Prediction data information, residual data information and different Color planes, are multiplexed together.May be until the entropy-decoded ability of element be complete Into demultiplexing.

, can be by obtaining the following come Reconstructed macroblock after entropy decoding：Pass through the residual of inverse quantization and inverse transformation Remaining signal, and prediction signal (infra-frame prediction signal either Inter prediction signals).By the way that deblocking filter is answered Macro block for each decoding, it is possible to reduce block distortion.May until the entropy-decoded ability start to process of input signal so that Entropy decoding turns into the potential bottleneck in decoding.

Similarly, in the codec that can allow candidate prediction mechanism, for example H.264/AVC in inter-layer prediction or Inter-layer prediction in other scalable codecs, entropy decoding be probably all processing at decoder before necessity, from And cause entropy decoding to turn into potential bottleneck.

In H.264/AVC, the input picture including multiple macro blocks can be divided into one or more.What piece was represented The value of sampling in picture region can be correctly decoded in the case of without using from the data of other pieces, as long as compiling Reference picture used at code device and decoder is identical.Therefore, the entropy decoding and reconstructing macroblocks for piece do not depend on In other pieces.Especially, entropy code state is reset when starting for each.Can defining neighbours to both entropy decoding and reconstruct During the property used, the data in other pieces are marked as unavailable.In H.264/AVC, piece can be by concurrently entropy decoding and reconstruct. The intra-prediction and motion-vector prediction across sheet border are not allowed.De-blocking filter can use the information across sheet border.

Fig. 3 is shown to be included 11 macro blocks and (is labeled as including nine macro blocks in vertical direction in the horizontal direction 91-99 nine exemplary macroblocks) exemplary video picture 90.Fig. 3 shows three example discs：It is expressed as " SLICE#_ First 100 of 0 ", the 3rd 102 for being expressed as second 101 of " SLICE#_1 " and being expressed as " SLICE#_2 ".H.264/ AVC decoders concurrently can be decoded and reconstructed to three pieces 100,101,102.In decoding/reconstruct for each When processing starts, context model is initialised or reset, and the macro block in other pieces is marked as being directed to entropy decoding and grand Both block reconstruct is unavailable.Therefore, for the macro block in " SLICE#_1 ", for example mark is 93 macro block, in " SLICE#_0 " Macro block (for example, mark be 91 and 92 macro block) cannot be used for context model selection or reconstruct.And for Macro block in " SLICE#_1 ", such as mark are 95 macro block, and other macro blocks in " SLICE#_1 " are (for example, mark is 93 Hes 94 macro block) context model selection can be used for or reconstructed.Therefore, entropy decoding and reconstructing macroblocks must be in pieces serially Carry out.Except non-slice is defined using flexible working space (FMO), otherwise the macro block in piece is located according to raster scan order Reason.

Flexible working space defines piece group to change how picture is divided in flakes.Macro block in piece group is by macro block to piece Group mapping definition, this is signaled by the additional information and the content of image parameters collection in piece header.Macro block is to piece The piece group identification number of each macro block of the group mapping in for picture is constituted.Which the macro block of piece group identification number specified associations belongs to Piece group.Each piece group can be divided into one or more, wherein, piece is to be swept in the macro block collection of particular patch group according to grating Retouch the macroblock sequence in same a piece of group of sequential processes.Entropy decoding and reconstructing macroblocks must serially be carried out in piece.

Fig. 4 depicts the exemplary macroblock distribution of three below piece group：It is expressed as " the first of SLICE GROUP#_0 " Piece group 103, it is expressed as " SLICE GROUP#_1 " second group 104 and being expressed as " SLICE GROUP#_2 " the 3rd group 105.These piece groups 103,104,105 can be associated with two foreground areas in picture 90 and background area respectively.

Certain embodiments of the present invention can include picture being divided into one or more reconstruction slices, wherein, in following sides Face reconstruction slice can be self-contained, i.e., in the case of without using from the data of other reconstruction slices, represented by reconstruction slice Picture region in sampled value can be reconstructed correctly, as long as used reference picture is at encoder and decoder Identical.All Reconstructed macroblocks in reconstruction slice can be available in for the neighbours of reconstruct definition.

Certain embodiments of the present invention can include reconstruction slice being divided into more than one entropy tablet, wherein, at following aspects Entropy tablet can be self-contained, i.e., in the case of without using from the data of other entropy tablets, the picture region represented by entropy tablet In sampled value can be by correctly entropy code.In certain embodiments of the present invention, it can start in the decoding of each entropy tablet When entropy code state is reset.In certain embodiments of the present invention, when definition is used for neighbours' availability of entropy decoding, other Data in entropy tablet can be marked as unavailable.In certain embodiments of the present invention, selected in the context model of current block The macro block in other entropy tablets cannot be used by selecting.In certain embodiments of the present invention, context model can be only in entropy tablet Inside it is updated.In those embodiments of the invention, each entropy decoder associated with entropy tablet can keep the upper of its own Hereafter Models Sets.

" Entropy slices for parallel entropy decoding (are used for parallel in April, 2008 entitled The entropy tablet of entropy decoding) " seminar of ITU telecommunication standardization sectors 16- submission 405 by by quote be integrally coupled to herein In.

Certain embodiments of the present invention can include CABAC coding/decodings.CABAC coded treatments include following four base This step：Binaryzation；Context model is selected；Binary arithmetic coding；And probability updating.

[binaryzation]：Non-binary values symbol (for example, conversion coefficient, motion vector or other coded datas) is converted into Binary code, also referred to as binary bit string or binaryzation symbol.When given binary value syntactic element, binaryzation can be ignored Initial step.The element of binary value syntactic element or binaryzation symbol is properly termed as Binary.

For each Binary, the following can be performed：

[context model selection]：Context model is the probabilistic model for one or more Binaries.Context mould Type includes：For each Binary, the Binary is the probability of " 1 " or " 0 ".Can be depending on the data symbol encoded recently Statistics, if applicable, is typically based on left and upper adjacent symbols, the selection for available model carrys out Selection Model.

[binary arithmetic coding]：Arithmetic encoder is encoded and its base according to selected probabilistic model to each Binary In the subdivision of recurrence interval.

[probability updating]：Selected context model is updated based on actual coding value.

Context-adaptive also refers to the context model for selecting to associate with Binary Phase based on adjacent symbols value State (also referred to as state), and more it is newly assigned to the processing of the model probability distribution of given symbol.Can based on context template To define the position of adjacent symbols.

, can be by when the decoding of entropy tablet starts in the certain embodiments of the present invention including CABAC coding/decodings All context model initialization are reset to predefined model.

Certain embodiments of the present invention can be understood on Fig. 5.Fig. 5 shows grand including 11 in the horizontal direction Block and the exemplary video frame 110 for including nine macro blocks (mark is 115-123 nine exemplary macroblocks) in vertical direction. Fig. 5 shows three example reconstruction pieces：It is expressed as first reconstruction slice 111 of " R_SLICE#_0 ", is expressed as " R_SLICE#_ 1 " the second reconstruction slice 112 and the third reconstructed piece 113 for being expressed as " R_SLICE#_2 ".Fig. 5 also show the second reconstruction slice The division of " R_SLICE#_1 " 112 to three entropy tablets, i.e.,：With the first entropy for being expressed as " E_SLICE#_0 " shown in intersecting hachure Piece 114, with the second entropy tablet 115 for being expressed as " E_SLICE#_1 " shown in vertical hatching and with being expressed as shown in the hachure of angle 3rd entropy tablet 116 of " E-SLICE#_2 ".Each entropy tablet 114,115,116 can be by concurrently entropy decoding.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, the data of the macro block only in entropy tablet can during the entropy decoding of entropy tablet For context model selection.Every other macro block can be marked as unavailable.For this exemplary division, when decoding correspondence When symbol of the mark for 119 macroblock area, mark is not useable for context model selection for 117 and 118 macro block, because The macro block that mark is 117 and 118 is outside the entropy tablet comprising macro block 119.However, when macro block 119 is reconstructed, these macro blocks 117th, 118 be available.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, processing determines whether a macro block belongs to and current macro identical reconstruction slice. Certain embodiments of the present invention is by determining the macro block and current macro whether in identical entropy tablet, whether to determine the macro block Belong to and current macro identical reconstruction slice.Certain embodiments of the present invention is come by determining current macro whether in entropy tablet Determine whether the macro block belongs to and current macro identical reconstruction slice.Certain embodiments of the present invention is somebody's turn to do by determining that description is included The information of the piece of macro block whether with describe comprising current macro piece information it is identical, come determine the macro block whether belong to currently Macro block identical reconstruction slice.In certain embodiments of the present invention, when above-mentioned three kinds of embodiments are true, determine the macro block with working as Preceding macro block is in identical reconstruction slice.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, encoder may determine whether reconstruction slice being divided into entropy tablet, and encode Device can signal this judgement in the bitstream.In certain embodiments of the present invention, signal can include entropy tablet mark, It can be expressed as " entropy_slice_flag " in certain embodiments of the present invention.

Some decoder embodiments of the present invention can be described on Fig. 6.In these embodiments, 130 can be checked Entropy tablet mark, and if entropy tablet mark indicates that 132 entropy tablets or reconstruction slice associated with picture are not present, then can be by header Parsing 134 is conventional sheet header.Entropy decoder state can be reset to 136, and can define 138 is used for entropy decoding and reconstruct Neighbor information.Then can be by sheet data entropy decoding 140, and piece can be reconstructed 142.If entropy tablet mark indicates exist 146 entropy tablets or reconstruction slice associated with picture, then can be entropy tablet header by header parsing 148.Can be by entropy decoder shape State reset 150, and can define 152 be used for entropy decoding neighbor informations and can be by entropy tablet data entropy decoding 154.Then may be used To define 156 neighbor informations for being used to reconstruct, and piece can be reconstructed 142.After piece reconstruct 142, it can check under 158 A piece of or picture.

Some alternative decoder embodiments of the present invention can be described on Fig. 7.In these embodiments, decoder can So that parallel decoding can be carried out, and the degree of concurrence of their own can be defined, for example, consider to include the N number of entropy tablet of parallel decoding The decoder of ability.Decoder can recognize 170N entropy tablet.In certain embodiments of the present invention, if in photo current or It is available that N number of entropy tablet is less than in person's reconstruction slice, then decoder can decode the entropy tablet from subsequent pictures or reconstruction slice, if If they can be used.In an alternative embodiment, decoder can continue wait before picture or reconstruction slice after the decoding, until current Picture or reconstruction slice are fully processed.After identification 170 reaches N number of entropy tablet, independently each recognized entropy tablet can be entered Row entropy decoding.First entropy tablet can be decoded 172-176.The decoding 172-176 of first entropy tablet can be included decoder states Reset 172.In some embodiments including CABAC entropy decodings, CABAC states can be reset.174, which can be defined, is used for the The neighbor information of the entropy decoding of one entropy tablet, and the first entropy tablet data can be decoded 176.For until every in N number of entropy tablet One, these steps (178-182 for being used for n-th entropy tablet) can be performed.In certain embodiments of the present invention, decoder can To reconstruct 184 entropy tablets when all entropy tablets are entropy-decoded.In the alternative of the present invention, decoder can be at one or many Individual entropy tablet starts reconstruct 184 after being decoded.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, when exist exceed N number of entropy tablet when, decoder thread can entropy tablet entropy solution Code starts the next entropy tablet of entropy decoding when completing.Therefore, when a thread terminates entropy decoding low-complexity entropy tablet, thread can be opened Begin the additional entropy tablet of decoding, and its decoding is terminated without waiting for other threads.

In the certain embodiments of the present invention of existing standard or method is adapted to, entropy tablet can be according to the standard or side Most of piece attribute of method and shared conventional sheet.Therefore, entropy tablet may need shim header.In certain embodiments of the present invention, Entropy tablet header can allow decoder to recognize the beginning of entropy tablet and start entropy decoding.In certain embodiments, in picture or reconstruct When piece starts, entropy tablet header can be conventional header or reconstruction slice header.

, can be by adding to existing header in the certain embodiments of the present invention including H.264/AVC codec New bit " entropy_slice_flag " is gone up to signal entropy tablet.Table 1 is listed to be used according to an embodiment of the invention In the grammer of entropy tablet header, wherein, C indicator species, and descriptor u (l), ue (v) indicate some regular lengths or variable length Spend coding method.Embodiments of the invention including " entropy_slice_flag " can realize improved code efficiency.

" first_mb_in_slice " specifies the address of the first macro block associated with entropy tablet header in entropy tablet.Some In embodiment, entropy tablet can include macroblock sequence.

" cabac_init_idc " specifies initial for determine to use in the initialization process for context pattern Change the index of form.

[table 1]

Table 1：The example syntax table of entropy tablet header

In certain embodiments of the present invention, network abstract layers (NAL) lists different from conventional sheet can be distributed for entropy tablet Element type.In these embodiments, decoder can distinguish conventional sheet and entropy tablet based on NAL unit type.In these implementations In example, it is not necessary to bit field " entropy_slice_flag ".

In certain embodiments of the present invention, bit field " entropy_ can not be transmitted in all properties profile slice_flag”.In certain embodiments of the present invention, bit field can not be transmitted in baseline attribute profile " entropy_slice_flag ", but can such as primary attribute profile, extended attribute profile or professional attributes profile height Transmission bit field " entropy_slice_flag " in layer attribute profile.In certain embodiments of the present invention, can only it exist With transmitting bit field " entropy_slice_flag " in the bit stream associated more than the characteristic of fixed characteristic value.It is exemplary Characteristic can include spatial resolution, frame per second, bit-depth, bit rate and other bit stream characteristics.In some realities of the present invention Apply in example, only can transmit bit words with the bit stream associated more than 1920 × 1080 interleaved spatial resolutions Section " entropy_slice_flag ".In certain embodiments of the present invention, can be only with being swept line by line more than 1920 × 1080 Transmission bit field " entropy_slice_flag " in the bit stream that the spatial resolution retouched is associated.In some of the present invention In embodiment, if bit field " entropy_slice_flag " is not transmitted, default value can be used.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, entropy tablet can be constructed by change data multiplexing.In some of the present invention In embodiment, the set of symbols being included in entropy tablet can be multiplexed in macro-block level.In the alternative of the present invention, Ke Yi Picture level multiplexing is included in the set of symbols in entropy tablet.In other alternatives of the present invention, it can be multiplexed by data type Set of symbols included in entropy tablet.In the alternative of the present invention, entropy can be included in above-mentioned every combination multiplexing Set of symbols in piece.

Some implementations of the invention of the entropy tablet construction including being multiplexed based on picture level can be understood on Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 Example.In fig. 8 in shown certain embodiments of the present invention, prediction data 190 and residual data 192 can be individually predicted Encoder 194 and residual coder 196 carry out entropy code, and the prediction data and the residual data of coding that encode can be schemed Chip level multiplexer 198 is multiplexed in picture level.In certain embodiments of the present invention, the prediction data for picture 190 can With associated with the first entropy tablet, and can be associated with the second entropy tablet for the residual data of picture 192.The prediction number of coding Can concurrently it be decoded according to the entropy data with coding.In certain embodiments of the present invention, can will include prediction data or Each dividing regions of residual data are divided into the entropy tablet that can be concurrently decoded.

In fig .9 in shown certain embodiments of the present invention, remnants (such as luma residuals 200 of each Color plane With two chroma residuals 202,204) entropy volume individually can be carried out by Y encoders 206, U encoders 208 and V encoders 210 Code, and the remnants of entropy code can be multiplexed in picture level by picture level multiplexer 212.In certain embodiments of the present invention In, can be associated with the first entropy tablet for the luma residual of picture 200, can be with for the first chroma residual of picture 202 Second entropy tablet is associated, and can be associated with the 3rd entropy tablet for the second remnants of picture 204.For three Color planes The residual data of coding can concurrently be decoded.In certain embodiments of the present invention, can will include Color plane it is residual Each dividing regions of remainder evidence are divided into the entropy tablet that can be concurrently decoded.In certain embodiments of the present invention, brightness is residual Remaining 200 can have compared with chroma residual 202,204 relatively more entropy tablets.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, compressed video bitstream can be transformed and be encoded into including entropy tablet, so as to permit Perhaps the parallel entropy decoding that embodiments of the invention described above are adapted to.Certain embodiments of the present invention can be described on Figure 10. According to Figure 10, the incoming bit stream without entropy tablet can be handled by picture one by one.In those embodiments of the invention, can be with By the picture entropy decoding 220 from incoming bit stream.Can obtain data encoded, for example mode data, movable information, Residual, information and other data.222 entropy tablets can be constructed one at a time from data.224 pairs can be inserted in new bit stream Should be in the entropy tablet header of entropy tablet.Coder state can be reset and define 226 neighbor informations.Entropy code can be carried out to entropy tablet 228 and write new bit stream.If there is the image data of the entropy tablet consumption 232 not yet constructed, then 222 can be constructed another One entropy tablet, and handle 224-230 and can last up to the entropy tablet consumption 234 that all image datas have been constructed, and so After can handle next picture.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, reconstruction slice can be divided into multiple entropy tablets by encoder, wherein, each entropy tablet Size can be less than or can be no more than fixed binary bits number.Certain of the size of each entropy tablet can be limited in encoder In a little embodiments, maximum binary bits number can be signaled in the bitstream.Each entropy tablet can be limited in encoder In the alternative of size, maximum binary bits number can be defined by the attribute profile and level corresponding points of encoder.Example Such as, the annex A of H.264/AVC video coding specification can be extended to including the maximum binary bits number that allows in entropy tablet Definition.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, it can be indicated according to form for each level corresponding points of encoder The maximum binary bits number allowed in entropy tablet, for example, as shown in table 2, wherein,

[mathematical expression 1]

M_{M, n}

Represent the maximum binary bits number allowed for level m.n corresponding points in entropy tablet.

[table 2]

Table 2：For the maximum binary bits number of each entropy tablet of each level

The exemplary maximum binary bits number allowed in entropy tablet is

[mathematical expression 2]

M_1.1=1,000

Binary,

[mathematical expression 3]

M_1.2=2,000

Binary ..., and

[mathematical expression 4]

M_5.1=40,000

Binary.Other the exemplary maximum binary bits numbers allowed in entropy tablet are

[mathematical expression 5]

M_1.1=2,500

Binary,

[mathematical expression 6]

M_1.2=4,200

Binary ..., and

[mathematical expression 7]

M_5.1=150,000

Binary.

In some embodiments it is possible to be directed to institute based on bit rate, picture size, the number of macro block and other coding parameters There is level to determine the maximum binary bits number set allowed in entropy tablet.In certain embodiments of the present invention, it can be directed to The maximum binary bits number allowed in entropy tablet is arranged to same number by all levels.Example values be 38,000 Binaries and 120,000 Binaries.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, encoder can determine the worst case number of the Binary associated with macro block Mesh, and encoder can by with：

[mathematical expression 8]

The associated Binary of individual macro block writes each entropy tablet, wherein

[mathematical expression 9]

ESLICE_MaxNumberBins

The maximum binary bits number allowed in entropy tablet can be represented, and

[mathematical expression 10]

BinsPerMB

The worst case number of the Binary associated with macro block can be represented.In some embodiments it is possible to according to light Grid scanning sequencies selects macro block.In an alternative embodiment, macro block can be selected according to another predefined order.In some realities Apply in example, the worst case number of the Binary associated with macro block can be fixed number.In an alternative embodiment, encoder Worst case number can be updated based on the measurement result of the size of previous processed macro block.

Certain embodiments of the present invention can be described on Figure 11.In these embodiments, encoder can be for weight Reconstruction slice is divided into multiple entropy tablets by tile, wherein, no entropy tablet can be more than predetermined binary bits number in terms of size.Coding Device can be by the counter initialization 240 into zero associated with the number of the Binary in current entropy tablet.Described on Figure 11 Embodiments of the invention description remainder in, Counter Value can be expressed as purpose of explanation

[mathematical expression 11]

A。

242, which can be obtained, is used for the syntactic element of next macro block.It can be determined down according to predefined macro block processing sequence One macro block.In certain embodiments, macro block processing sequence can correspond to raster scanning sequence.Non- two in macro block can be entered Syntactic element processed changes 244 into binary bit string.Binary syntax element need not can be changed.246 and macro block phase can be determined The number of the Binary of association.The number of the Binary associated with macro block in addition to binary syntax element can also include with Binary in the associated binary bit string of nonbinary syntactic element, and on the embodiments of the invention described in Figure 11 Description remainder in, for illustration purposes, the number of the Binary associated with macro block can be expressed as

[mathematical expression 12]

num。

If the number of the Binary associated with macro block may be added to 248 accumulated two associated with current entropy tablet The number of first position and the maximum binary bits numbers allowed no more than 249 for entropy tablet, then can will be associated with current entropy tablet The number of Binary of accumulation update 250 into including the Binary associated with macro block, and the binary associated with macro block Position can be coded by entropy device and write 252 bit streams and associated with current entropy tablet.242, which can be obtained, is used for the language of next macro block Method element, and divide processing and can continue.

If the number of the number of the Binary associated with macro block and the Binary accumulated associated with current entropy tablet Purpose and 248 is directed to the maximum binary bits numbers that entropy tablet is allowed more than 253, then encoder can start 254 and current reconstruct The associated new entropy tablet of piece, and current entropy tablet can be terminated.It is then possible to by with it is new, now be current entropy tablet in The associated counter initialization 256 into zero of the number of Binary.The Binary for the accumulation that current entropy tablet can be associated Number updates 250 into including the Binary associated with macro block, and the Binary associated with macro block can be coded by entropy device Write 252 bit streams and associated with current entropy tablet.242, which can be obtained, is used for the syntactic element of next macro block, and at division Reason can continue.

Certain embodiments of the present invention can be described on Figure 12.In these embodiments, encoder can be for weight Reconstruction slice is divided into multiple entropy tablets by tile, wherein, no entropy tablet can be more than predetermined maximum binary bits number in terms of size. In these embodiments, encoder can make macroblock syntax elements associated with entropy tablet, until the size of entropy tablet reaches and in entropy The threshold value that the predetermined maximum binary bits number allowed in piece is associated.In certain embodiments, the threshold value can be in entropy tablet The percentage of the maximum binary bits number of permission.In one exemplary embodiment, it is assumed that expected maximum binary in a macroblock Bits number is less than the 10% of maximum binary bits number, and the threshold value can be the maximum binary bits number allowed in entropy tablet 90%.In a further exemplary embodiment, the threshold value can be the percentage of the maximum binary bits number allowed in entropy tablet, its In, the percentage can be based on expected maximum binary bits number in a macroblock.In these embodiments, once the chi of entropy tablet It is very little to exceed threshold size, then it can create another entropy tablet.Threshold size can be chosen to ensure that entropy tablet is no more than in entropy tablet The maximum binary bits number of permission.In certain embodiments, threshold size can be the maximum binary digit allowed in entropy tablet Mesh and the function for the estimation of maximum binary bits number expected from macro block.

Encoder can be by the counter initialization 270 into zero associated with the number of the Binary in current entropy tablet. In remainder on the description of Figure 12 embodiments of the invention described, Counter Value can be represented for purpose of explanation For

[mathematical expression 13]

A。

272, which can be obtained, is used for the syntactic element of next macro block.It can be determined down according to predefined macro block processing sequence One macro block.In certain embodiments, macro block processing sequence can correspond to raster scanning sequence.Can be by non-two in macro block System syntactic element changes 274 into binary bit string.Binary syntax element need not can be changed.The binary associated with macro block Position can be coded by entropy device and write 276 bit streams and associated with current entropy tablet.278 binary associated with macro block can be determined The number of position, and can by the number of the Binary of the accumulation associated with current entropy tablet renewal 280 into including with macro block phase The Binary of association.It is based on permitting in entropy tablet if the number of the Binary of 282 accumulations associated with current entropy tablet is more than 284 Perhaps it is maximum binary bits number, be expressed as

[mathematical expression 14]

TH(MaxNumBins)

Threshold value, then encoder can start 286 new entropy tablets, and can terminate current entropy tablet.Then, encoder can be with By with it is new, be that the associated counter of number of Binary in current entropy tablet initializes 288 into zero now.It can obtain 272 are used for the syntactic element of next macro block, and divide processing and can continue.If the two of the accumulation associated with current entropy tablet The number of first position is not more than 283 threshold values based on the maximum binary bits number allowed in entropy tablet, then can obtain 272 be used under The syntactic element of one macro block, and divide processing and can continue.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, encoder can terminate current reconstruction slice and predetermined number macro block by Start new reconstruction slice when distributing to current reconstruction slice.

Certain embodiments of the present invention can be described on Figure 13.In these embodiments, encoder, which can be terminated, works as Preceding reconstruction slice and the new reconstruction slice that starts when the macro block of predetermined number is already allocated to current reconstruction slice.Encoder can be by with working as The associated counter initialization 300 into zero of the number of macro block in preceding reconstruction slice.In the reality of the invention described on Figure 13 In the remainder for the description for applying example, the Counter Value can be expressed as purpose of explanation

[mathematical expression 15]

AMB。

Encoder can be by the counter initialization 310 into zero associated with the number of the Binary in current entropy tablet. , can be for purpose of explanation by the Counter Value table in remainder on the description of Figure 13 embodiments of the invention described It is shown as

[mathematical expression 16]

ABin。

If the Counter Value of 312 counters associated with the macroblock number in current reconstruction slice is not less than 331 in weight The predetermined maximum macroblock number allowed in tile, then can start 322 new entropy tablets, and can start 334 new reconstruction slices, terminate Current reconstruction slice and current entropy tablet.In the remainder on the description of the embodiments of the invention described in Figure 13, for saying The maximum macroblock number allowed in reconstruction slice, can be expressed as by bright property purpose

[mathematical expression 17]

MaxMBperRSlice。

If the Counter Value of the counter associated with the macroblock number in current reconstruction slice is less than 313 in reconstruction slice The predetermined maximum macroblock number allowed, then can obtain 314 is used for the syntactic element of next macro block.Can be according to predefined macro block Processing sequence determines next macro block.In certain embodiments, macro block processing sequence can correspond to raster scanning sequence.Can be with Nonbinary syntactic element in macro block is changed 316 into binary bit string.Binary syntax element need not can be changed.Can be with Determine the number of 318 Binaries associated with macro block.The number of the Binary associated with macro block removes binary syntax element Outside can also include the Binary in the binary bit string associated with nonbinary syntactic element, and on described in Figure 13 Embodiments of the invention description remainder in, for illustration purposes, can be by the Binary associated with macro block Number be expressed as

[mathematical expression 18]

num。

If the number of the Binary associated with macro block may be added to 320 accumulated two associated with current entropy tablet The number of first position and the maximum binary bits numbers allowed no more than 321 for entropy tablet, then can will be associated with current entropy tablet The number of Binary of accumulation update 322 into including the Binary associated with macro block, the Binary associated with macro block can 324 bit streams are write to be coded by entropy device and associated with current entropy tablet, and it is associated with current reconstruction slice to increase by 326 Macro block number.Can be grand by the number of the macro block associated with current reconstruction slice and the predetermined maximum allowed in reconstruction slice Block number mesh compares 312, and divides processing and can continue.

If the number of the number of the Binary associated with macro block and the Binary accumulated associated with current entropy tablet Purpose and 320 is directed to the maximum binary bits numbers that entropy tablet is allowed more than 327, then encoder can start 328 and current reconstruct Piece it is associated it is new, be current entropy tablet now, and can will be associated with the number of the Binary in current entropy tablet Counter initialization 330 into zero.Can by current entropy tablet be associated accumulation Binary number update 322 into including with The associated Binary of macro block, the Binary associated with macro block can be coded by entropy device 324 bit streams of write-in and with current entropy Piece is associated, and can increase the number of 326 macro blocks associated with current reconstruction slice.Can will be related to current reconstruction slice The number of the macro block of connection 312 compared with the predetermined maximum macroblock number allowed in reconstruction slice, and divide processing can be after It is continuous.

Certain embodiments of the present invention can be described on Figure 14.In these embodiments, encoder can be predetermined The macro block of number is already allocated to start new reconstruction slice during current reconstruction slice.In these embodiments, encoder can make macro block Syntactic element is associated with entropy tablet, until entropy tablet size reach it is related to the predetermined maximum binary bits number allowed in entropy tablet The threshold value of connection.In certain embodiments, the threshold value can be the percentage of the maximum binary bits number allowed in entropy tablet.One In individual exemplary embodiment, it is assumed that expected maximum binary bits number is less than the 10% of maximum binary bits number in a macroblock, should Threshold value can be the 90% of the maximum binary bits number allowed in entropy tablet.In a further exemplary embodiment, the threshold value can be with The percentage of the maximum binary bits number allowed in entropy tablet, wherein, the percentage can be based on it is expected in a macroblock Maximum binary bits number.In these embodiments, once the size of entropy tablet exceedes threshold size, then another entropy tablet can be created. Threshold size can be chosen to ensure that entropy tablet is no more than the maximum binary bits number allowed in entropy tablet.In some embodiments In, threshold size can be the maximum binary bits number that allows in entropy tablet and for maximum binary bits number expected from macro block The function of estimation.

Encoder can be by the counter initialization 350 into zero associated with the number of the macro block in current reconstruction slice. , can be for purpose of explanation by the Counter Value table in remainder on the description of Figure 14 embodiments of the invention described It is shown as

[mathematical expression 19]

AMB。

Encoder can be by the counter initialization 352 into zero associated with the number of the Binary in current entropy tablet. , can be for purpose of explanation by the Counter Value table in remainder on the description of Figure 14 embodiments of the invention described It is shown as

[mathematical expression 20]

ABin。

If the Counter Value of 354 counters associated with the macroblock number in current reconstruction slice is not less than 373 in weight The predetermined maximum macroblock number allowed in tile, then can start 374 new entropy tablets, and can start 376 new reconstruction slices.Closing , for illustration purposes, can be by reconstruction slice in the remainder of the description of the embodiments of the invention described in Figure 14 The maximum macroblock number of permission is expressed as

[mathematical expression 21]

MaxMBperRSlice。

If the Counter Value of the counter associated with the macroblock number in current reconstruction slice is less than 355 in reconstruction slice The predetermined maximum macroblock number allowed, then can obtain 356 is used for the syntactic element of next macro block.Can be according to predefined macro block Processing sequence determines next macro block.In certain embodiments, macro block processing sequence can correspond to raster scanning sequence.Can be with Nonbinary syntactic element in macro block is changed 358 into binary bit string.Binary syntax element need not can be changed.With it is grand The associated Binary of block can be coded by entropy device and write 360 bit streams and associated with current entropy tablet.Can determine 362 with it is grand The number of the associated Binary of block, and the number of the Binary of the accumulation associated with current entropy tablet can be updated 364 Into including the Binary associated with macro block.If the number of the Binary of 366 accumulations associated with current entropy tablet is more than 369 Based on allow in entropy tablet it is maximum binary bits number, can be expressed as

[mathematical expression 22]

TH(MaxNumBins)

Threshold value, then encoder can start 370 new entropy tablets, and can be by the number with the Binary in current entropy tablet Associated counter initialization 372 into zero.The number of 368 macro blocks associated with current reconstruction slice can be increased.Can be by With current reconstruction slice be associated macro block number 354 compared with the predetermined maximum macroblock number allowed in reconstruction slice, and And division processing can continue.It is based on if the number of the Binary of the accumulation associated with current entropy tablet is not more than 367 in entropy The threshold value of the maximum binary bits number allowed in piece, then can increase the number of 368 macro blocks associated with current reconstruction slice, and And can be by the number for the macro block being associated with current reconstruction slice compared with the predetermined maximum macroblock number allowed in reconstruction slice Compared with 354, and divide processing and can continue.

In the alternative of the present invention, reconstruction slice can be divided into multiple entropy tablets by encoder, wherein, each entropy tablet Can be associated with the bit no more than predetermined number.

Certain embodiments of the present invention can be described on Figure 15.In these embodiments, encoder can be for weight Reconstruction slice is divided into multiple entropy tablets by tile, wherein, no entropy tablet can be more than predetermined number of bits in terms of size.Encoder can So that the counter associated with the number of the bit in current entropy tablet is initialized into 400 into zero.In this hair described on Figure 15 In the remainder of the description of bright embodiment, Counter Value can be expressed as purpose of explanation

[mathematical expression 23]

A。

402, which can be obtained, is used for the syntactic element of next macro block.It can be determined down according to predefined macro block processing sequence One macro block.In certain embodiments, macro block processing sequence can correspond to raster scanning sequence.Non- two in macro block can be entered Syntactic element processed changes 404 into binary bit string.Binary syntax element need not can be changed.Can will be associated with macro block Binary, switched non-binary element and binary element are presented to entropy coder, and can carry out entropy to Binary Coding 406.The number of 408 bits associated with macro block can be determined.On the embodiments of the invention described in Figure 15 In the remainder of description, for illustration purposes, the number of the bit associated with macro block can be expressed as

[mathematical expression 24]

num。

If the number of the bit associated with macro block may be added to 410 bits accumulated associated with current entropy tablet Number and the maximum number bits that are allowed no more than 411 for entropy tablet, then can be by the accumulation associated with current entropy tablet The number of bit updates 412 into including the bit associated with macro block, and the bit associated with macro block can be coded by entropy Device writes 414 bit streams and associated with current entropy tablet.402, which can be obtained, is used for the syntactic element of next macro block, and divides Processing can continue.

If the number of the bit associated with macro block and the number of the bit accumulated associated with current entropy tablet With 410 maximum number bits allowed more than 415 for entropy tablet, then can to start 416 associated with current reconstruction slice for encoder New entropy tablet, and can be by associated with the number of the bit in current entropy tablet counter initialization 418 into zero.Can be with The number of the bit for the accumulation that current entropy tablet is associated updates 412 into including the bit associated with macro block, and and macro block Associated bit can be written into 414 bit streams and associated with current entropy tablet.402, which can be obtained, is used for the language of next macro block Method element, and divide processing and can continue.

Certain embodiments of the present invention can be described on Figure 16.In these embodiments, encoder can be for weight Reconstruction slice is divided into multiple entropy tablets by tile, wherein, no entropy tablet can be more than predetermined maximum number bits in terms of size.At this In a little embodiments, encoder can make macroblock syntax elements associated with entropy tablet, until the size of entropy tablet reaches and in entropy tablet The threshold value that the predetermined maximum number bits allowed are associated.In certain embodiments, the threshold value can be allowed most in entropy tablet The percentage of big bit number.In one exemplary embodiment, it is assumed that expected maximum number bits are less than high specific in a macroblock The 10% of special number, the threshold value can be the 90% of the maximum number bits allowed in entropy tablet.In a further exemplary embodiment, should Threshold value can be the percentage of the maximum number bits allowed in entropy tablet, wherein, the percentage can be based on being expected in a macroblock Maximum number bits.In these embodiments, once the size of entropy tablet exceedes threshold size, then another entropy tablet can be created.Can So that threshold size to be chosen to ensure that entropy tablet is no more than the maximum number bits allowed in entropy tablet.In certain embodiments, threshold value Size can be the function of the maximum number bits that allow in entropy tablet and the estimation for maximum number bits expected from macro block.

Encoder can be by the counter initialization 440 into zero associated with the number of the bit in current entropy tablet.Closing In the remainder of the description of Figure 16 embodiments of the invention described, Counter Value can be expressed as purpose of explanation

[mathematical expression 25]

A。

442, which can be obtained, is used for the syntactic element of next macro block.It can be determined down according to predefined macro block processing sequence One macro block.In certain embodiments, macro block processing sequence can correspond to raster scanning sequence.Non- two in macro block can be entered Syntactic element processed changes 444 into binary bit string.Binary syntax element need not can be changed.Can be pair associated with macro block Binary carries out entropy code 446, and can determine the 448 binary bits numbers associated with macro block.Can by with current entropy tablet The number of the bit of associated accumulation updates 450 into including the Binary associated with macro block, and can by with macro block phase The Binary of the entropy code of association writes 452 bit streams.If the number of the bit of 454 accumulations associated with current entropy tablet is big In 456 threshold values based on the maximum number bits allowed in entropy tablet, then encoder can start 458 new entropy tablets, and will be with The counter initialization 460 into zero that bit number in current entropy tablet is associated.442, which can be obtained, is used for the grammer member of next macro block Element, and divide processing and can continue.It is based on if the number of the bit of the accumulation associated with current entropy tablet is not more than 455 The threshold value of the maximum number bits allowed in entropy tablet, then can obtain 442 is used for the syntactic element of next macro block, and at division Reason can continue.

In the alternative of the present invention, reconstruction slice can be divided into multiple entropy tablets by encoder, wherein, each entropy tablet Can be associated with the macro block no more than predetermined number.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, in addition to the limitation of entropy tablet size, it can also apply in reconstruction slice The limitation of maximum macroblock number.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, reconstruction slice can be divided into multiple entropy tablets by encoder, wherein, each entropy tablet Size can be limited to less than predefined macroblock number and less than predefined binary bits number.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, reconstruction slice can be divided into multiple entropy tablets by encoder, wherein, each entropy tablet Size can be limited to less than predefined macroblock number and less than predefined bit number.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, reconstruction slice can be divided into multiple entropy tablets by encoder, wherein, each entropy tablet Size can be limited to less than predefined macroblock number, less than predefined binary bits number and less than predefined bit number.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, the Binary in entropy coder can be made to encode parallelization, it is more than to allow The parallel encoding of one Binary, this can reduce the scramble time.Can be on exemplary entropy coder depicted in figure 17 To understand embodiments of the invention.In these embodiments, entropy coder 480 can include context-adaptive unit 482nd, based on state Binary encoder selector 484 and the multiple Binary encoders that can concurrently operate, also by regarding For Binary cell encoder (showing three) 486,488,500.From binaryzation device 504 Binary 502 can be caused to can be used for Entropy coder 480, binaryzation device 504 can generate Binary 502 from incoming symbol 506.It can be used for Binary 502 upper Hereafter adaptive unit 482 and the Binary encoder selector 484 based on state.Context-adaptive unit 482 can be held Row context-adaptive and generation model state, also referred to as state 508, its can for Binary encoder 486,488, The Binary encoder for selecting Binary 502 to be directed among 500.Binary encoder selector based on state 484 can select the Binary coding associated with the model state 508 of generation among Binary encoder 486,488,500 Device to Binary 502 to encode.In some embodiment (not shown), the state 508 of generation can be caused to can be used for institute The Binary encoder of choosing.Output bit 510,512,514 can be generated by Binary encoder 486,488,500, and Output bit 510,512,514 can be attached in bit stream.In certain embodiments of the present invention, bit will can be exported 510th, 512,514 cache and be attached to by cascade in bit stream.In an alternative embodiment, can according to interleaving scheme come by Output bit 510,512,514 is cached and is attached in bit stream.

Embodiments of the invention according on Figure 17, can be in response to the first mould for being generated on the first Binary First Binary is sent to the first Binary encoder by type state.Context-adaptive unit 482 is handling the first Binary The processing of the second Binary can be started during completion, in response on the second model state that the second Binary is generated and by second Binary is sent to the second Binary encoder, so as to allow the substantially parallel processing of more than one Binary.

In the alternative of the present invention, entropy coder can include can be with multiple context-adaptives of parallel work-flow Unit and single Binary encoder.The processing time longer than Binary encoder is needed in context-adaptive unit is In system, multiple context-adaptive units of parallel work-flow can reduce the scramble time.It can show on depicted in figure 18 Example property entropy coder understands some of embodiments of the invention.In these embodiments, entropy coder 530 can be wrapped Include multiple context-adaptive units (showing three) 532,534,536, context-adaptive Unit selection device 538, state Selector 540 and Binary encoder 542.From binaryzation device 546 Binary 544 can be caused to can be used for entropy coder 530, two Value device 546 can generate Binary 544 from incoming symbol 548.Binary 544 can be made to can be used for context-adaptive unit Selector 538, mode selector 540 and Binary encoder 542.Context-adaptive Unit selection device 538 can be for choosing Selecting or dispatch Binary 544 can be directed to and the context-adaptive list of state value 550,552,554 can be generated from it Member 532,534,536.In some of the exemplary embodiments, context-adaptive Unit selection device 538 can be based on and Binary Associated grammer selects context-adaptive unit among context-adaptive unit 532,534,536, for example, can make Context-adaptive element identifier (element ID) is associated with Binary Phase, and identifying the Binary can be directed to above and below to be handled Literary adaptive unit.In alternative exemplary embodiment, context-adaptive Unit selection device 538 can be based on context certainly The associated scheduling protocol of adaptation unit 532,534,536 or account load balancing constraints come context-adaptive unit 532,534, Context-adaptive unit is selected among 536.In some embodiments it is possible to by mode selector 540 according to context from Standard used at adaptation unit selector 538 selects appropriate at the time of the state value of generation to be transferred to Binary Encoder 542.Binary encoder 542 can be when encoding using being transmitted by mode selector 540 to Binary 544 State value 556.In the alternative (not shown) of the present invention, state value is probably that Binary encoder is unwanted, and And therefore do not cause it to can be used for Binary encoder.Output bit 558 can be generated by Binary encoder 542, and Output bit 558 can be attached in bit stream.In certain embodiments of the present invention, output bit 558 can be cached And be attached to by cascade in bit stream.In an alternative embodiment, bit 558 can will be exported according to interleaving scheme to cache and tie Close in bit stream.

In the alternative of the present invention, entropy coder can include can be with multiple context-adaptives of parallel work-flow Unit and can be with multiple Binary encoders of parallel work-flow.It can be managed on exemplary entropy coder depicted in figure 19 Solve some of embodiments of the invention.In these embodiments, entropy coder 570 can be adaptive including multiple contexts Answer unit (showing three) 572,574,576, context-adaptive Unit selection device 578, mode selector 580, based on shape The Binary encoder selector 582 and multiple Binary encoders (showing three) 584,586,588 of state.From binaryzation device 592 can cause Binary 590 to can be used for entropy coder 570, and binaryzation device 592 can generate Binary from incoming symbol 594 590.Binary 590 can be caused to can be used for context-adaptive Unit selection device 578, mode selector 580 and Binary to compile Code device selector 582.Context-adaptive Unit selection device 578 be able to can be directed for selecting or dispatching Binary 590 Arrive and the context-adaptive unit 572,574,576 of state value 596,598,600 can be generated from it.The state value of generation can To be selected by mode selector 580 to be transferred to the Binary encoder selector 582 based on state appropriate at the time of.It is based on The Binary encoder selector 582 of state can use the state value 602 transmitted by mode selector 580 to be compiled in Binary The Binary encoder that selection Binary 590 can be directed among code device 584,586,588.(do not show in alternative Go out) in, state value 602 can be caused to can be used for selected Binary encoder.Selected Binary encoder can be to Binary 590 values of use state when being encoded 602.In the alternative (not shown) of the present invention, state value is probably Binary Encoder is unwanted, and does not therefore cause it to can be used for Binary encoder.Exporting bit 604,606,608 can be by two First position encoder 584,586,588 generates and output bit 604,606,608 can be attached in bit stream.In the present invention Some embodiments in, output bit 604,606,608 caching and can will be attached to by cascade bit stream.Alternative real Apply in example, output bit 604,606,608 can be cached and is attached in bit stream according to interleaving scheme.

The exemplary embodiment of the present invention can include can be with multiple variable length code codecs of parallel work-flow.

In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, Binary encoder can include binary arithmetic coding.In this hair In bright another exemplary embodiment, Binary encoder can include variable length code.In the another exemplary of the present invention In embodiment, Binary encoder can include fixed-length code (FLC).

Usually, entropy coder can include

[mathematical expression 26]

N_ca

Individual context-adaptive unit and

[mathematical expression 27]

N_bc

Individual Binary cell encoder, wherein,

[mathematical expression 28]

N_ca

One integer is greater than or equal to, and

[mathematical expression 29]

N_bc

It is greater than or equal to one integer.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, reconstruction slice can be divided into multiple entropy tablets by encoder, wherein it is possible to limit The size of each entropy tablet so that

[mathematical expression 30]

N_ca

Individual context-adaptive unit and

[mathematical expression 31]

N_bc

One or more of individual Binary cell encoder each can be during the processing of entropy tablet to no more than limited The Binary of number is operated.Context-adaptive unit and Binary cell encoder with such limitation can be claimed To be limited entropy coder unit.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, reconstruction slice can be divided into multiple entropy tablets by encoder, wherein, each entropy tablet Size can be restricted so that

[mathematical expression 32]

N_ca

No one of individual context-adaptive unit can during the processing of entropy tablet to more than

[mathematical expression 33]

B_ca

Individual Binary is operated.In certain embodiments of the present invention, can be for example in bit stream, attribute profile about Signaled in beam, level constraint or other standards mechanism

[mathematical expression 34]

B_ca

Value.

In the alternative of the present invention, reconstruction slice can be divided into multiple entropy tablets by encoder, wherein it is possible to limit The size of each entropy tablet so that

[mathematical expression 35]

N_bc

No one of individual Binary cell encoder can during the processing of entropy tablet to more than

[mathematical expression 36]

B_bc

[mathematical expression 37]

B_bc

Value.

[mathematical expression 38]

N_ca

No one of individual context-adaptive unit can to more than

[mathematical expression 39]

B_ca

Individual Binary is operated, and

[mathematical expression 40]

N_bc

[mathematical expression 41]

B_bc

[mathematical expression 42]

B_bc

Value and

[mathematical expression 43]

B_ca

Value.

In the alternative of the present invention, reconstruction slice can be divided into multiple entropy tablets by encoder, wherein it is possible to limit The size of each entropy tablet so that i-th

[mathematical expression 44]

N_ca

Context-adaptive unit (is expressed as

[mathematical expression 45]

N_ca(i),

For

[mathematical expression 46]

I=1 ..., N_ca

) can to no more than

[mathematical expression 47]

B_ca(i)

Individual Binary is operated, and i-th

[mathematical expression 48]

N_bc

Binary cell encoder (is expressed as

[mathematical expression 49]

N_bc(i)

, for

[mathematical expression 50]

I=1 ..., N_bc

) can during the processing of entropy tablet to no more than

[mathematical expression 51]

B_bc(i)

[mathematical expression 52]

B_bc(i)

Value and

[mathematical expression 53]

B_ca(i)

Value.

Some exemplary embodiments of the present invention can be described on Figure 20.In these embodiments, encoder is with pin Multiple entropy tablets are divided into by reconstruction slice to reconstruction slice, wherein it is possible to limit the size of each entropy tablet so that

[mathematical expression 54]

N_ca

Individual context-adaptive unit and

[mathematical expression 55]

N_bc

One or more of individual Binary cell encoder can be to grasping no more than a limited number of Binary Make.Encoder can by for be limited entropy coder unit each, the number of Binary with being handled in current entropy tablet The associated counter initialization 650 into zero of mesh.For illustration purposes, on the embodiments of the invention described in Figure 20 In the remainder of description, Counter Value can be expressed as

[mathematical expression 56]

A

, wherein,

[mathematical expression 57]

A

Represent that each entry in vector, the vector corresponds to for current entropy tablet by being limited entropy coder cell processing Binary accumulation number.652, which can be obtained, is used for the syntactic element of next macro block.It can handle suitable according to predefined macro block Sequence determines next macro block.In certain embodiments, macro block processing sequence can correspond to raster scanning sequence.Can be by macro block In the conversion 654 of nonbinary syntactic element into binary bit string.Binary syntax element need not can be changed.It can determine 656 by each limited entropy coder cell processing the Binary associated with macro block number.The binary associated with macro block The number of position can also include in the binary bit string associated with nonbinary syntactic element in addition to binary syntax element Binary.For illustration purposes, can be by the remainder on the description of the embodiments of the invention described in Figure 20 It is expressed as by the number of the Binary associated with macro block of each limited entropy coder cell processing

[mathematical expression 58]

Num

, wherein,

[mathematical expression 59]

Num

Represent vector, each entry in the vector correspond to it is for current macro, by being limited entropy coder unit The number of the Binary of reason.

If can by for the number of the Binary associated with macro block of each limited entropy coder unit with being directed to The number of the Binary accumulated associated with current entropy tablet of each limited entropy coder unit is added 658, and is no more than The 659 maximum binary bits numbers allowed for any limited entropy coder unit, then can will be associated with current entropy tablet The number of the Binary of accumulation updates 660 into including the Binary associated with macro block, and the Binary associated with macro block Device can be coded by entropy and write 662 bit streams and associated with current entropy tablet.652, which can be obtained, is used for the grammer member of next macro block Element, and divide processing and can continue.

If the number of the number of the Binary associated with macro block and the Binary accumulated associated with current entropy tablet Purpose and 658 is directed to the maximum binary bits numbers that any limited entropy coder unit is allowed more than 663, then encoder can be opened Begin the 664 new entropy tablets associated with current reconstruction slice, and can will be associated with the number of the Binary in current entropy tablet Counter initialization 666 into zero.The number of the Binary of the accumulation associated with current entropy tablet can be updated 660 into including with The associated Binary of macro block, and the Binary associated with macro block can be coded by entropy device 662 bit streams of write-in and with working as Preceding entropy tablet is associated.652 syntactic elements for next macro block, which can be obtained, and divide processing to continue.

Certain embodiments of the present invention can be described on Figure 21.In these embodiments, encoder is with for reconstruct Reconstruction slice is divided into multiple entropy tablets by piece, wherein it is possible to limit the size of each entropy tablet so that

[mathematical expression 60]

N_ca

Individual context-adaptive unit and

[mathematical expression 61]

N_bc

One or more of individual Binary cell encoder can be to operating no more than a limited number of Binary. Encoder can by for be limited entropy coder unit, with by being limited the binary that is handled in current entropy tablet of entropy coder unit The associated counter initialization 700 into zero of the number of position.For illustration purposes, on the reality of the invention described in Figure 21 In the remainder for the description for applying example, Counter Value can be expressed as

[mathematical expression 62]

A

, wherein,

[mathematical expression 63]

A

Represent vector, each entry in the vector correspond to it is for current entropy tablet, by being limited entropy coder unit The accumulation number of the Binary of reason.In these embodiments, encoder can make macroblock syntax elements associated with entropy tablet, until Reached by the number for the Binary for being limited entropy coder cell processing with being allowed in entropy tablet by being limited entropy coder cell processing The associated threshold value of predetermined maximum binary bits number.In certain embodiments, the threshold value can be allowed in entropy tablet by by Limit the percentage of the maximum binary bits number of entropy coder cell processing.In one exemplary embodiment, it is assumed that in a macroblock It is expected that being allowed to being less than by the maximum binary bits number for being limited entropy coder cell processing in entropy tablet by being limited entropy coder list The 10% of the maximum binary bits number of member processing, the threshold value can be allowed in entropy tablet by being limited entropy coder cell processing The 90% of maximum binary bits number.In a further exemplary embodiment, the threshold value can be allowed in entropy tablet be compiled by limited entropy The percentage of the maximum binary bits number of code device cell processing, wherein, the percentage can be based on being expected by being limited entropy in macro block The maximum binary bits number of cell encoder processing.In these embodiments, once the size of entropy tablet exceedes threshold size, then may be used To create another entropy tablet.Threshold size can be selected and be allowed to be compiled by any one limited entropy to ensure that entropy tablet is no more than in entropy tablet The maximum binary bits number of code device cell processing.In certain embodiments, threshold size can be the maximum two allowed in entropy tablet First bits number and the function for the estimation of maximum binary bits number expected from macro block.

702, which can be obtained, is used for the syntactic element of next macro block.It can be determined down according to predefined macro block processing sequence One macro block.In certain embodiments, macro block processing sequence can correspond to raster scanning sequence.Non- two in macro block can be entered Syntactic element processed changes 704 into binary bit string.Binary syntax element need not can be changed.The Binary associated with macro block Device can be coded by entropy and write 706 bit streams and associated with current entropy tablet.708 can be determined by each limited entropy coder list The number of the Binary associated with macro block of member processing.The number of the Binary associated with macro block removes binary syntax element Outside can also include the binary bit string associated with nonbinary syntactic element in Binary.For illustration purposes, exist , can be by by each limited entropy coder unit in remainder on the description of the embodiments of the invention described in Figure 21 The number of the Binary associated with macro block of reason is expressed as

[mathematical expression 64]

Num

, wherein,

[mathematical expression 65]

num

Represent that each entry in vector, the vector corresponds to for current macro by being limited entropy coder list accordingly The number of the Binary of member processing.Can be by by the accumulation associated with current entropy tablet of each limited entropy coder cell processing The number of Binary update 710 into including the Binary associated with macro block.If 712 by being limited entropy coder cell processing The number of Binary of the accumulation associated with current entropy tablet be more than 714 threshold values, for limited entropy coder unit i, the threshold Value can be expressed as

[mathematical expression 66]

TH(MaxNumBins)(i)

, then encoder can start 716 new entropy tablets, and will with by each limited entropy coder unit in current entropy tablet The associated counter initialization 718 into zero of the number of the Binary of reason.702, which can be obtained, is used for the grammer member of next macro block Element, and divide processing and can continue.If by the accumulation associated with current entropy tablet for being limited entropy coder cell processing The number of Binary is not more than 713 threshold values, then can obtain 702 be used for next macro block syntactic elements, and divide processing can To continue.

Certain embodiments of the present invention can include being used for the combination for the above-mentioned criterion that entropy tablet is divided.

Predefined it is understood that while the size of entropy tablet can be limited to less than first by certain embodiments of the present invention Size, but the size of entropy tablet can equivalently be restricted to be no more than the second predefined size.Embodiment as described herein is this The exemplary embodiment of invention, and those skilled in the art will recognize that there is the present invention for the size for being used to limit entropy tablet Equivalent embodiment.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, starting new entropy tablet can include terminating current slice and be considered as new entropy tablet currently Entropy tablet.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, can be in the entropy decoder including multiple Binary decoders by entropy tablet Multiple bits decoding parallelization, this can reduce the decoding time.Multiple (show can be included on what is described in fig. 22 Three) the exemplary entropy decoder 750 of Binary decoder 762,764,766 understands the exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The bit 752 in entropy tablet can be caused and code sign 754 has previously been solved available for entropy decoder 750.It can make it that bit 752 can For Binary decoder selector 756, it can be based on the context state 758 generated from context-adaptive unit 760 Binary decoder is selected among Binary decoder 762,764,766.Context-adaptive unit 760 can be based on can For context-adaptive unit 760 previously having solved code sign 754 generates context state 758.Binary decoder is selected Binary decoder 762,764,766 can be distributed based on context state 758 by selecting device 756.The bit 752 to be decoded can be with Selected Binary decoder is transferred to by Binary decoder selector 756.Binary decoder 762,764,766 can be generated The Binary 768,770,772 of decoding, their devices 774 that can be re-used are multiplexed, and the Binary 776 of multiplexing can be sent to Symbolism device 778, it can generate the symbol 754 associated with Binary 776.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, can be in the entropy decoder including multiple context-adaptive units by entropy The decoding parallelization of multiple bits in piece, this can reduce the decoding time.Can be on describing in fig 23 including multiple The exemplary entropy decoder 800 of (showing three) context-adaptive unit 814,816,818 come understand the present invention example Property embodiment.The symbol 810 of the bit 802 in entropy tablet and early decoding can be caused to can be used for entropy decoder 800.It can cause Bit 802 can be used for context-adaptive Unit selection device 812, its can from multiple context-adaptive units 814,816, The context-adaptive unit of the decoding process for input bit is selected in 818.In certain embodiments of the present invention, up and down Literary adaptive unit selector 812 can select n-th context-adaptive unit when receiving every n-th bit.It is selected Context-adaptive unit can based on the early decoding available for selected context-adaptive unit symbol 810 come on generating Context state 820,822,824.Mode selector 826 is carved in due course can select associated with input bit generated Context state.In certain embodiments of the present invention, mode selector 826 can according to context-adaptive Unit selection The identical process of device 812 selects n-th context-adaptive unit when receiving every n-th bit.Selected shape can be caused State 828 can be used for Binary decoder 804.Binary decoder 804 can decode bit 802 and by the Binary of decoding 806 are sent to symbolism device 808, and it can generate the symbol 810 associated with the Binary 806 decoded.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, can be in the entropy decoder including multiple context-adaptive units and multiple By the decoding parallelization of multiple bits in entropy tablet in Binary decoder, this can reduce the decoding time.Can be in figure That describes in 24 includes multiple (showing three) context-adaptive units 852,854,856 and multiple (showing three) two The exemplary entropy decoder 850 of first position decoder 858,860,862 come understand the present invention exemplary embodiment.It can cause The symbol 866 of bit 864 and early decoding in entropy tablet can be used for entropy decoder 850.Above and below can make it that bit 864 can be used for Literary adaptive unit selector 868, it can select to be used to input ratio from multiple context-adaptive units 852,854,856 The context-adaptive unit of special decoding process.In certain embodiments of the present invention, context-adaptive Unit selection device 868 can select n-th context-adaptive unit when receiving every n-th bit.Selected context-adaptive unit can Generated with the symbol 866 based on the early decoding available for selected context-adaptive unit context state 870,872, 874.Mode selector 876 is carved in due course can select the context state of the generation associated with input bit.In this hair In bright some embodiments, mode selector 876 can exist according to the identical process of context-adaptive Unit selection device 868 N-th context-adaptive unit is selected when receiving every n-th bit.Selected state 878 can be caused to can be used for Binary Decoder selector 880, it can select Binary decoder 858,860,862 based on selected context state 878.Binary Position decoder selector 880 can distribute Binary decoder 858,860,862 based on context state 878.To be decoded Bit 864 can be transferred to selected Binary decoder by Binary decoder selector 880.Binary decoder 858,860, 862 can generate the Binary 882,884,886 of decoding, and they can be re-used Binary 890 that device 888 is multiplexed and is multiplexed can To be sent to symbolism device 892, it can generate the symbol 866 associated with Binary 890.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, reconstruction slice can be divided into multiple entropy tablets by encoder, wherein, in entropy tablet Macro block is continuous.Figure 25 depicts the example reconstruction piece 950 for being divided into three entropy tablets：With shown in intersecting hachure 952 Entropy tablet 0, with the entropy tablet 1 shown in white 954 and with dot-shaded line 956 show entropy tablet 2.In this example reconstruction piece 950, each Macro block in entropy tablet 952,954,956 is continuous.

In the alternative of the present invention, reconstruction slice can be divided into multiple entropy tablets by encoder, wherein, in entropy tablet Macro block can be discontinuous.Figure 26 depicts the example reconstruction piece 960 for being divided into three entropy tablets：With intersecting hachure 962 The entropy tablet 0 that shows, with the entropy tablet 1 shown in white 964 and with the entropy tablet 2 shown in dot-shaded line 966.In this example reconstruction piece 960 In, the macro block in each entropy tablet 962,964,966 is discontinuous.Can be by the discontinuous reconstruction slice of the macro block in wherein entropy tablet Dividing regions be referred to as intertexture dividing regions.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, during the entropy decoding of the current block in entropy tablet, decoder, which can be used, to be come The information relevant with the entropy decoding of current block is predicted from other blocks of same entropy tablet.In certain embodiments of the present invention, exist During the reconstruct of current block in reconstruction slice, other blocks from identical reconstruction slice can be used to predict the reconstruct with current block Relevant information.

In the certain embodiments of the present invention that wherein reconstruction slice includes intertexture dividing regions, the solution of the current block in entropy tablet Contiguous block in code in the entropy tablet that uses, which can not be, to be directly adjacent to or continuously.Figure 27, which is illustrated, is directed to what is described in fig. 26 Such case of exemplary intertexture dividing regions.

In figure 27, for the current block 970 in entropy tablet 964, being used for left neighbours' block of the entropy decoding of current block 970 is Continuous, left neighbours' block 972 in entropy tablet 964.The upper neighbours' block for being used for the entropy decoding of current block 970 is in same entropy tablet 964 Discontinuous, upper neighbours' block 974.For the reconstruct of current block 970, left neighbours' block is continuous, left neighbours' block in reconstruction slice 960 972, and upper neighbours' block is continuous, upper neighbours' block 976 in reconstruction slice 960.

In the certain embodiments of the present invention that wherein reconstruction slice includes intertexture dividing regions, may be not present will be in entropy tablet Current block decoding in appropriate contiguous block in the entropy tablet that uses.Figure 28 illustrates the example sexual intercourse for describing in fig. 26 Knit such case of dividing regions.

In Figure 28, for the current block 980 in entropy tablet 964, in the absence of the entropy of the entropy decoding by current block 980 is used for Left neighbours' block in piece 964.Be used for upper neighbours' block of the entropy decoding of current block 980 be in same entropy tablet 964 it is discontinuous, on Neighbours' block 982.For the reconstruct of current block 980, left neighbours' block is continuous, left neighbours' block 984 in reconstruction slice 960, and on Neighbours' block is continuous, upper neighbours' block 986 in reconstruction slice 960.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, decoder can be pre-processed to recognize entropy to complete incoming bit stream The position of piece.In certain embodiments of the present invention, decoder can be pre-processed to recognize reconstruction slice to whole reconstruction slice The position of interior entropy tablet.In some embodiments it is possible to determine the position of entropy tablet by recognizing the position of entropy tablet header.At this In a little embodiments, decoder can read the bit in bit stream, and can recognize predefined beginning code value.

In an alternative embodiment, entropy tablet header can be constrained in one at the predefined position in incoming bit stream Determine the bit of scope.In an alternative embodiment, entropy tablet header can be constrained in the predefined position in incoming bit stream The a range of byte at place.In these embodiments of bit alignment or byte alignment, decoder need not be to input bit Sizable part of stream is pre-processed to position entropy tablet.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, encoder can signal entropy tablet positional information in the bitstream, its Also referred to as entropy tablet location parameter, for example, can constrain skew and the range information of the position of entropy tablet header.In alternative In, entropy tablet positional information can not be signaled in the bitstream, but can be determined according to entropy tablet parameter, such as it is in office The Binary of the fixed number allowed in what given entropy tablet, the bit of the fixed number allowed in any given entropy tablet and other Entropy tablet parameter.In the alternative of the present invention, entropy tablet positional information can be defined with other conventional meanses, for example can be with The information is specified in attribute profile restrictions, level constraint, using constraint or other constraints, or the information can be regard as benefit Information is filled to signal, or the means that are not limited with other are signaled.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, an entropy tablet location parameter value set can be used for all in bit stream Entropy tablet.In an alternative embodiment, entropy tablet location parameter value can be defined for the pixel groups represented by a part for sequence. In alternative, entropy tablet location parameter value can be defined for each picture in bit stream, and can be used for association Picture in all entropy tablets.In an alternative embodiment, entropy tablet position can be defined for each reconstruction slice in bit stream Parameter value, and can be used for association reconstruction slice in all entropy tablets.In an alternative embodiment, multiple entropy tablet location parameter values Set can be used by decoder.In an alternative embodiment, entropy tablet location parameter can be distributed to entropy tablet identifier, for example, First entropy tablet header can use the first set of entropy tablet location parameter value, and the second entropy tablet header can use entropy tablet location parameter The second set of value, and usually, N entropy tablets header can use the N of entropy tablet location parameter value to gather.The present invention's In some embodiments, entropy tablet parameter value can be distributed to frame identifier.In one exemplary embodiment, the first picture can be with Using the first set of entropy tablet parameter value, second picture can use the second set of entropy tablet parameter value, and usually, N Picture can use the N of entropy tablet location parameter value to gather.In a further exemplary embodiment, the picture of the first kind can make With the first set of entropy tablet location parameter value and the picture of Second Type can use the second set of entropy tablet location parameter value.Show The picture/mb-type of example property is interior picture, predicted pictures and other kinds of picture.

, can be by by " entropy_ in the certain embodiments of the present invention including H.264/AVC codec Slice_offset " parameters and " entropy_slice_range " parameter are added to sequence parameter set and come in sequence parameter set Close and entropy tablet skew and entropy tablet scope are signaled in raw byte sequence Payload (RBSP).Table 3 is listed according to this hair The exemplary sequence parameter sets RBSP grammers of bright embodiment.

, can be by by " entropy_ in the certain embodiments of the present invention including H.264/AVC codec Slice_offset " parameters and " entropy_slice_range " parameter are added to picture parameter set and come in image parameters collection Close and entropy tablet skew and entropy tablet scope are signaled in raw byte sequence Payload (RBSP).Table 4 is listed according to this hair The exemplary photo parameter sets RBSP grammers of bright embodiment.

, can be by by " entropy_ in the certain embodiments of the present invention including H.264/AVC codec Slice_offset " parameters and " entropy_slice_range " parameter are added to piece header and come logical with signal in piece header Know entropy tablet skew and entropy tablet scope.Table 5 lists example disc header syntax according to an embodiment of the invention.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, it can be directed to each level corresponding points of encoder to indicate entropy according to form Piece is offset and entropy tablet scope, for example, as shown in table 6, wherein,

[mathematical expression 67]

O_m.n

The entropy tablet skew of level m.n corresponding points is represented, and

[mathematical expression 68]

R_m.n

Represent the entropy tablet scope for m.n corresponding points.

[table 3]

Table 3：Exemplary sequence parameter sets RBSP syntax tables

[table 4]

Table 4：Exemplary photo parameter sets RBSP syntax tables

[table 5]

Table 5：For the example syntax table of piece header

[table 6]

Table 6：The skew of exemplary entropy tablet and entropy tablet scope for each level

In certain embodiments, entropy tablet positional information can include that the information of the position of entropy tablet header can be constrained.One In individual embodiment, entropy tablet positional information can include the also referred to as deviant of period or base offset and the also referred to as deviation of period Or the value range of skew.Entropy tablet header position can be constrained based on deviant and value range.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, deviant and value range can explicitly be defined.In the alternative reality of the present invention Apply in example, deviant and value range implicitly can be defined as minimum offset values and maximum deviation value.In the alternative of the present invention In embodiment, deviant and value range implicitly can be defined as maximum deviation value and maximum deviation value and minimum offset values Between difference.The present invention alternative in, can implicitly by deviant and value range be defined as minimum offset values with And the difference between minimum offset values and maximum deviation value.In an alternative embodiment, implicitly deviant and value range can be determined Justice is the 3rd value and the 3rd value and the difference between maximum deviation value and minimum offset values.In an alternative embodiment, it can pass through Index in look-up table defines deviant and value range, and the look-up table includes corresponding minimum and maximum bit value.Some In embodiment, the search tree based on skew can be used to define deviant and value range.In some embodiments it is possible to use Cost minimization indexs to define deviant and value range.Those skilled in the art will recognize that being known in the art use In implicitly range of definition value and deviant and for ensuring predefined skew and model of the encoder and decoder using identical value Enclose many methods that value is operated.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, it can be optional to signal value range.In certain embodiments, when When value range is not signaled, then value range can be arranged into predefined value.In the exemplary embodiment, predefine Value can be zero.In a further exemplary embodiment, predefined value can be non-zero integer value.

In the exemplary embodiment described on Figure 29, it can constrain and be numbered with the piece in reconstruction slice

[mathematical expression 69]

N

The associated entropy tablet header of entropy tablet, to be fixed from other in the beginning of reconstruction slice header or reconstruction slice header Rise position

[mathematical expression 70]

Nk-p

Start after bit, wherein,

[mathematical expression 71]

K

Represent deviant and

[mathematical expression 72]

P

Represent scope.Can be from its measurement

[mathematical expression 73]

Nk-p

The position of bit is properly termed as reference position.In an alternative embodiment, reference position can not be with specific reconstruction slice It is associated, and can be the same fixed position for all entropy tablets in bit stream.In an alternative embodiment, entropy tablet Header can be byte alignment, and constrains and can join with several syllable dependents.Although being on the example that Figure 29 is illustrated Described in terms of bit, but it will also be recognized by those skilled in the art that alternative byte alignment embodiment.

Figure 29 is that the picture of the sample portion 1000 of example bitstream is represented.Bit stream part 1000 includes using solid line Reconstruction slice header 1002 that black rectangle is represented, the four entropy tablet headers represented with solid line grey rectangle are (that is, corresponding to the 0th entropy The entropy tablet header 1003 of piece, referred to as zero entropy tablet header；Corresponding to the entropy tablet header 1004 of the first entropy tablet, referred to as the first entropy tablet report Head；Corresponding to the entropy tablet header 1005 of the second entropy tablet, referred to as the second entropy tablet header；Corresponding to the entropy tablet header of the 3rd entropy tablet 1006, referred to as the 3rd entropy tablet header) and the remainder of entropy tablet that is represented with thin black and white strip.In this example, reference bit Put can be reconstruction slice header 1002 beginning 1001.In certain embodiments of the present invention, the 0th entropy tablet will can be corresponded to Entropy tablet header 1003 constraint be located at after reconstruction slice header 1002.In certain embodiments of the present invention, correspond to The entropy tablet header of 0th entropy tablet can be a part for reconstruction slice header.That is, reconstruction slice header can also serve as correspondence In the entropy tablet header of the 0th entropy tablet.In these embodiments, reconstruction slice header can include reconstruct part and entropy part.In Figure 29 In middle described certain embodiments of the present invention, the first entropy tablet header 1004 can be constrained to be located at and be opened from reference position 1001 Begin

[mathematical expression 74]

k-p

After bit 1007, the second entropy tablet header 1005 can be constrained positioned at since reference position 1001

[mathematical expression 75]

2k-p

After bit 1008, the second entropy tablet header 1006 can be constrained positioned at since reference position 1001

[mathematical expression 76]

3k-p

After bit 1009.In these embodiments, distribute for decoding entropy tablet

[mathematical expression 77]

N

Entropy decoder in reference position 1001

[mathematical expression 78]

Nk-p

Start to search for corresponding entropy tablet header after bit.

In the alternative of the present invention, entropy tablet positional information can not include range parameter.In these embodiments, Entropy decoder can be from reference bit

[mathematical expression 79]

Nk

Start to search for N entropy tablet headers after bit.

In on the another exemplary embodiment described in Figure 30, it will can be numbered with the piece in reconstruction slice

[mathematical expression 80]

N

The associated entropy tablet header of entropy tablet be constrained in from other in the beginning of reconstruction slice header or reconstruction slice header and consolidate Positioning has been put

[mathematical expression 81]

Nk-p

Start after bit, wherein,

[mathematical expression 82]

K

Represent deviant and

[mathematical expression 83]

P

Scope is represented, and entropy tablet header can also be constrained to from affined original position

[mathematical expression 84]

2p

In bit range.Can be from its measurement

[mathematical expression 85]

Nk-p

The position of bit is properly termed as reference position.In an alternative embodiment, reference position can not be with specific reconstruction slice It is associated, and can be the same fixed position for all entropy tablets in bit stream.In an alternative embodiment, entropy tablet Header can be byte alignment, and constrains and can join with several syllable dependents.Although being on the example that Figure 30 is illustrated Described in terms of bit, but it will also be recognized by those skilled in the art that alternative byte alignment embodiment.

Figure 30 is that the picture of the sample portion 1020 of example bitstream is represented.Bit stream part 1020 includes using solid line Reconstruction slice header 1022 that black rectangle is represented, the four entropy tablet headers represented with solid line grey rectangle are (that is, corresponding to the 0th entropy The entropy tablet header 1023 of piece, referred to as zero entropy tablet header；Corresponding to the entropy tablet header 1024 of the first entropy tablet, referred to as the first entropy tablet report Head；Corresponding to the entropy tablet header 1025 of the second entropy tablet, referred to as the second entropy tablet header；Corresponding to the entropy tablet header of the 3rd entropy tablet 1026, referred to as the 3rd entropy tablet header) and the remainder of entropy tablet that is represented with thin black and white strip.In this example, reference bit Put can be reconstruction slice header 1022 beginning 1021.In certain embodiments of the present invention, the 0th entropy tablet will can be corresponded to Entropy tablet header 1023 constraint be located at after reconstruction slice header 1022.In certain embodiments of the present invention, correspond to The entropy tablet header of 0th entropy tablet can be a part for reconstruction slice header.In these embodiments, reconstruction slice header can include Reconstruct part and entropy part.Depicted in figure 30 in certain embodiments of the present invention, entropy tablet header 1024 can be with restrained Positioned at from reference position 1021

[mathematical expression 86]

k-p

After bit 1027

[mathematical expression 87]

2p

In bit 1031, the second entropy tablet header 1025 can be located at from reference position 1021 with restrained

[mathematical expression 88]

2k-p

After bit 1028

[mathematical expression 89]

2p

In bit 1032, the 3rd entropy tablet header 1026 can be located at from reference position 1021 with restrained

[mathematical expression 90]

3k-p

After bit 1029

[mathematical expression 91]

2p

In bit 1033.In these embodiments, distribute for decoding entropy tablet

[mathematical expression 92]

N

Entropy decoder can be from reference position

[mathematical expression 93]

Nk-p

Start to search for corresponding entropy tablet header after bit, and can be after identification entropy tablet header or in search

[mathematical expression 94]

2p

Search is terminated after bit.

Certain embodiments of the present invention can be described on Figure 31.In these embodiments, entropy decoder can be received 1050 entropy tablets are numbered, and entropy tablet numbering indicates to want the numbering of the entropy tablet of entropy decoding in current reconstructed blocks.The entropy decoder can be true Fixed 1052 entropy tablet positional informations.In certain embodiments of the present invention, entropy tablet position letter can be signaled in the bitstream Breath, also referred to as entropy tablet location parameter, and decoder can determine 1052 entropy tablet information by checking bit stream.Alternative real Apply in example, can not signal entropy tablet positional information in the bitstream, but can by decoder according to entropy tablet parameter come 1052 are determined, for example, the Binary of the fixed number allowed in any given entropy tablet, consolidating of allowing in any given entropy tablet Fixed number purpose bit and other entropy tablet parameters.The present invention alternative in, can be defined with other standards means and 1052 entropy tablet positional informations are determined, for example, can refer in attribute profile restrictions, level constraint, using constraint or other constraints The fixed information, the means that either information can be signaled as side information or be not limited with other come Signal.

Entropy decoder can calculate 1054 entropy tablets search starting position, before, at the location, in the bitstream, entropy tablet header It is restricted to be write by encoder.In certain embodiments of the present invention, it can use and be determined according to entropy tablet positional information Deviant and value range come calculate 1054 entropy tablets search starting position.In the alternative of the present invention, root can be used The deviant determined according to entropy tablet positional information searches for starting position to calculate 1054 entropy tablets.Entropy decoder can be in the bitstream Advance 1056 to entropy tablet search starting position, and 1058 entropy tablet headers can be checked in the bitstream.In some of the present invention In embodiment, entropy tablet header can be indicated with opening code.

Certain embodiments of the present invention can be described on Figure 32.In these embodiments, entropy decoder can be received 1070 entropy tablets are numbered, and entropy tablet numbering indicates to want the numbering of the entropy tablet of entropy decoding in current reconstructed blocks.The entropy decoder can be true Fixed 1072 entropy tablet positional informations.In certain embodiments of the present invention, entropy tablet position letter can be signaled in the bitstream Breath, also referred to as entropy tablet location parameter, and decoder can determine 1072 entropy tablet information by checking bit stream.Alternative real Apply in example, can not signal entropy tablet positional information in the bitstream, but can by decoder according to entropy tablet parameter come 1072 are determined, for example, the Binary of the fixed number allowed in any given entropy tablet, consolidating of allowing in any given entropy tablet Fixed number purpose bit and other entropy tablet parameters.The present invention alternative in, can be defined with other standards means and 1072 entropy tablet positional informations are determined, for example, can refer in attribute profile restrictions, level constraint, using constraint or other constraints The fixed information, the means that either information can be signaled as side information or be not limited with other come Signal.

Entropy decoder can calculate 1074 entropy tablets search starting position, before, at the location, in the bitstream, entropy tablet header It is restricted to be write by encoder.In certain embodiments of the present invention, it can use and be determined according to entropy tablet positional information Deviant and value range come calculate 1074 entropy tablets search starting position.In the alternative of the present invention, root can be used The deviant determined according to entropy tablet positional information searches for starting position to calculate 1074 entropy tablets.Entropy decoder can be in the bitstream Advance 1076 to entropy tablet search starting position, and 1078 entropy tablet headers can be checked in the bitstream.In some of the present invention In embodiment, entropy tablet header can be indicated with opening code.

The bit for starting to be examined in 1078 bit streams at starting position can be searched in entropy tablet.If 1080 identify 1081 entropy tablet headers, then entropy decoder can be by the entropy tablet entropy decoding 1082 associated with the entropy tablet header recognized.If 1080 unidentified 1083 entropy tablet headers, then entropy decoder can terminate 1084 search.In certain embodiments, entropy decoder can be with Mistake is indicated in unidentified 1083 entropy tablet header.

Certain embodiments of the present invention can be described on Figure 33.In these embodiments, entropy decoder can be received 1100 entropy tablets are numbered, and entropy tablet numbering indicates to want the numbering of the entropy tablet of entropy decoding in current reconstructed blocks.The entropy decoder can be true Fixed 1102 entropy tablet positional informations.In certain embodiments of the present invention, entropy tablet position letter can be signaled in the bitstream Breath, also referred to as entropy tablet location parameter, and decoder can determine 1102 entropy tablet information by checking bit stream.Alternative real Apply in example, can not signal entropy tablet positional information in the bitstream, but can by decoder according to entropy tablet parameter come 1102 are determined, for example, the Binary of the fixed number allowed in any given entropy tablet, allowing in any given entropy tablet The bit of fixed number and other entropy tablet parameters.In the alternative of the present invention, it can be defined with other standards means With determine 1102 entropy tablet positional informations, for example, can attribute profile restrictions, level constraint, using constraint or other constraint in Specify the information, the means that either information can be signaled as side information or be not limited with other To signal.

Entropy decoder can calculate 1104 entropy tablets search starting position, before, at the location, in the bitstream, entropy tablet header It is restricted to be write by decoder.In certain embodiments of the present invention, it can use and be determined according to entropy tablet positional information Deviant and value range come calculate 1104 entropy tablets search starting position.In the alternative of the present invention, root can be used The deviant determined according to entropy tablet positional information searches for starting position to calculate 1104 entropy tablets.Entropy decoder can be in the bitstream Advance 1106 to entropy tablet search starting position, and 1108 entropy tablet headers can be checked in the bitstream.In some of the present invention In embodiment, entropy tablet header can be indicated with opening code.

The bit for starting to be examined in 1108 bit streams at starting position can be searched in entropy tablet.If 1110 identify 1111 entropy tablet headers, then entropy decoder can be by the entropy tablet entropy decoding 1112 associated with the entropy tablet header recognized.If 1110 unidentified 1113 entropy tablet headers, if then 1114 meeting 1115 search criterias, entropy decoder can terminate 1116.Should Search criteria can provide standard, can be made regarding whether that the active position that entropy tablet header starts will be searched for by the standard Determination.In some embodiment (not shown), if active position will be checked, search criteria can be met.Alternative In embodiment, if there is no the active position for being still to check 1115, then search criteria can be met, and search for and can terminate 1116.In certain embodiments, entropy decoder can indicate mistake in unidentified 1115 entropy tablet header.If 1114 do not meet 1117 search criterias, then the inspection 1108 of bit stream can be in the follow-up of advance 1118 in the bitstream to next searching position It is continuous.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, search criteria can be relevant with value range, for example the start bit of entropy tablet header Put can be restricted to

[mathematical expression 95]

Nk

Centered on

[mathematical expression 96]

2p

Bit range, wherein,

[mathematical expression 97]

k

Represent deviant,

[mathematical expression 98]

p

Represent value range and

[mathematical expression 99]

N

It is the entropy tablet numbering in reconstruction slice.In these embodiments, with entropy tablet

[mathematical expression 100]

N

The starting position of associated entropy tablet header can be restricted to scope

[mathematical expression 101]

Nk-p

Extremely

[mathematical expression 102]

Nk+p

.In certain embodiments, search criteria can be relevant with one or more limitations to entropy tablet size.In some realities Apply in example, search criteria can be relevant with the combination of limitation.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, decoder can be filled to meet to next entropy tablet header to entropy tablet Position limitation.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, encoder can meet other entropy tablet sizes limitation before terminate entropy tablet with Just the limitation of the position to next entropy tablet header is met.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, met when last entropy tablet in reconstruction slice does not include to next entropy tablet report Head position constraint needed for bit (or byte, in byte alignment embodiment) number when, encoder can be to reconstruction slice Last interior entropy tablet is filled to meet the constraint of the position to next entropy tablet header.

In an alternative embodiment, entropy tablet header can include last entropy tablet mark, wherein, the value of last entropy tablet mark can To indicate whether the entropy tablet associated with entropy tablet header is last entropy tablet in reconstruction slice.In some embodiments it is possible to make for Zero last entropy tablet value of statistical indicant is associated with last entropy tablet.In an alternative embodiment, the last entropy tablet value of statistical indicant for one can be made It is associated with last entropy tablet.In certain embodiments, the last entropy in the value of last entropy tablet mark indicates that entropy tablet is reconstruction slice During piece, follow-up entropy tablet header can be located at after current entropy tablet in the case of no filling.

Table 7, which is shown, signals last entropy tablet mark (being referred to as " next_entropy_slice_flag ") Example syntax and semanteme.In including the example syntax shown in table 7 and semantic exemplary embodiment, " next_ Entropy_slice_flag " marks are signaled with the presence or absence of the additional entropy tablet for current reconstruction slice.If " next_ The additional entropy tablet for current reconstruction slice is not present in entropy_slice_flag " mark instructions, then next entropy in bit stream Position in piece header can not be constrained by entropy tablet location parameter.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, the position of tissue entropy tablet header can be come with tree format, root node points to entropy Piece header position.In certain embodiments, the entropy tablet header pointed to by root node can be relative.In an alternative embodiment, The entropy tablet header pointed to by root node can be absolute.Remaining node of tree can include inclined relative to their father node Move distance.The tree can be designed according to design constraint, for example, reduces the time for determining entropy tablet header position, limits and determines The worst case time needed for entropy tablet header position, signal the preferred sequence of entropy tablet decoding, the carrying cost for tree Minimize and other design constraints.In some embodiments it is possible to the expectation concurrency water in being determined based on entropy tablet header position Equal the number of the child node to control each node in tree.

[table 7]

Table 7：For the example syntax table of last entropy tablet mark

In certain embodiments of the present invention, reset when can reset condition whenever meeting context model in entropy tablet Hereafter model.In in these embodiments some, the value that context model can be reset to can be based on the neighbour in entropy tablet The context model of nearly elementary cell, and if neighbouring elementary cell can then use default value not in entropy tablet.Alternative In embodiment, context model can be reset to default value.In an alternative embodiment, can based on its identifier can than The context model signaled in spy's stream resets context model, and the identifier indicates multiple predefined context moulds One in type.Predefined context model can depend on one or more of bit stream parameter.In exemplary embodiment In, can be based on " the cabac_ of one signaling, indicating in multiple predefined context models in bit stream Init_idc " values reset context model.

In some embodiments it is possible to initialized multiple context models using context table, wherein, context table Refer to context model set.In certain embodiments, the context model set in context table can be based on bit stream One or more of parameter and undergo adaptive, parameter is, for example, quantization parameter, sheet type parameter or other specification.

In an exemplary embodiment shown in Figure 34, in addition to the beginning macroblocks in entropy tablet are reset, When current macro is the first macro block in a line, context model can also be reset in entropy tablet.Figure 34 is depicted comprising quilt It is divided into 48 macro block 1208-1255 of three below entropy tablet example reconstruction piece 1200：Entropy tablet " 0 " (is shown with intersecting hachure Go out) 1202, entropy tablet " 1 " (being shown with white) 1204 and entropy tablet " 2 " (being shown with dot-shaded line) 1206.Entropy tablet " 0 " 1202 includes 15 Individual macro block 1208-1222.Entropy tablet " 1 " 1204 includes 17 macro block 1223-1239, and entropy tablet " 2 " 1206 includes 16 macro blocks 1240-1255.The macro block at context model can be reset to be indicated by thick black surround 1260-1266, and be that each entropy tablet starts Place those macro blocks 1208,1223,1240 and often go in the first macro block 1216,1224,1232,1240,1248.

The elementary cell (such as macro block) at entropy tablet beginning can be referred to as piece and start elementary cell.For example, for Figure 34 In example reconstruction piece 1200 in entropy tablet 1202,1204,1206 for, corresponding piece start elementary cell be 1208, 1223 and 1240.Row beginning can be referred to as the elementary cell of the first elementary cell in a line in entropy tablet substantially single Macro block 1208,1216,1224,1232,1240 and 1248 in member, such as Figure 34.

In certain embodiments, if adjacent macroblocks are in entropy tablet, can the context model based on adjacent macroblocks will be upper Hereafter model is reset, and if adjacent macroblocks are not in entropy tablet, then can use default value.If for example, in current macro The macro block of side in same entropy tablet, then can based on the macro block above current macro context model come by context model Reset, but if context model is then arranged to default value by the macro block above current macro not in same entropy tablet.

In a further exemplary embodiment, in the first elementary cell during current basic unit is a line, in entropy tablet, Context model can be reset.In an alternative embodiment, context model, which resets condition, can be based on other criterions, for example, exist Number, the bit number handled in piece, the locus of current basic unit and other criterions of the Binary of processing in entropy tablet.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, context model can be used to reset mark to indicate whenever meeting context When model resets condition, whether context model can be reset in entropy tablet.In certain embodiments, context model is reset Mark can be in entropy tablet header.In an alternative embodiment, context model replacement mark can be in reconstruction slice header.At certain In a little embodiments, it can be binary flags that context model, which resets mark, and it can be silent that context model, which resets condition, Recognize condition.In an alternative embodiment, it can use multivalue mark that context model, which resets mark, further indicate context model Replacement condition.

Encoded including context-adaptive, such as CABAC codings, CAV2V codings and other context-adaptives coding An exemplary embodiment in, whether " lcu_row_cabac_init_flag " mark can be signaled can be most Big coding unit (LCU) row beginning initializes entropy decoding.In certain embodiments, LCU is the macro block used in h .264 Concept is to high efficiency Video coding (HEVC) generalization, and picture is divided into piece, wherein, piece is made up of LCU sequences.Standby Select in embodiment, LCU is the pixel value position for the largest block that can be represented with the mode value of single transmission.In alternative In, LCU is the pixel value position for the largest block that can be represented with the predictive mode value of single transmission.In some realities of the present invention Apply in example, " lcu_row_cabac_init_flag " mark being worth for " 1 " can signal entropy code context and be weighed Put.Entropy code context can represent all context model set associated with entropy coder.In some realities of the present invention Apply in example, " lcu_row_cabac_init_flag " mark being worth for " 1 " can signal entropy code context and be reset And adaptive scanning is reset.Adaptive scanning also refer to wherein codec based on the transform coefficient values previously transmitted come It is adapted to the processing of the scan sorting of conversion coefficient.JCTVC documents JCTVC- herein is integrally coupled to by quoting Trifle 7.6.1 in B205_draft005 is outlined adaptive scanning and swept based on the notable coefficient in neighbours in two differences Retouch the example that selection is carried out between order.In one example, it can be opened by the predefined scanning sequency of selection in each LCU rows Adaptive scanning is reset at beginning.In one embodiment, scan sorting is determined by generating the mapping of coefficient conspicuousness, and It can transmit predetermined corresponding to being more than before corresponding to the transform coefficient values less than or equal to the coefficient significance value of predetermined value The transform coefficient values of the coefficient significance value of value.In one embodiment, it can then increase corresponding to the change more than predetermined value Change the coefficient significance value of coefficient value.In an alternative embodiment, it can then reduce corresponding to the change less than or equal to predetermined value Change the coefficient significance value of coefficient value.Can by by coefficient conspicuousness mapping settings into predefined value by adaptive scanning mistake Journey is reset.In certain embodiments, for " lcu_row_cabac_init_flag " mark, adopted when not sending mark The default value taken can be " 0 ".Whether " lcu_row_cabac_init_idc_flag " mark can be signaled each Transmit cabac_init_idc values in LCU rows beginning.In certain embodiments, as " lcu_row_cabac_init_idc_ , will be in each LCU rows beginning delivery value when the value of flag " marks is " 1 ".In certain embodiments, for " lcu_row_ For cabac_init_idc_flag " marks, the default value taken when not sending mark can be " 0 ".In some embodiments In, whether " cabac_init_idc_present_flag " mark can be signaled transfers cabac_ for LCU Init_idc values.In certain embodiments, when not transmitting cabac_init_idc values for LCU, using in bit stream Cabac_init_idc preceding value resets entropy code context.In certain embodiments of the present invention, for example when When the value of " entropy_slice_flag " is " 0 ", " lcu_row_cabac_ can be signaled in conventional sheet header Init_flag " and " lcu_row_cabac_init_idc_flag ".Table 8 and table 9 show the example for these embodiments Property grammer.In certain embodiments of the present invention, for example, can be in entropy when the value of " entropy_slice_flag " is " 1 " " lcu_row_cabac_init_flag " and " lcu_row_cabac_init_idc_flag " are signaled in piece header.Table 8 show example disc header syntax, and table 9 shows example disc data syntax (coding_unit).

[table 8]

Table 8：The example syntax table of the initialization of entropy code is signaled at LCU rows beginning

[table 9]

Table 9：Signal the example syntax table of LCU initial context

Encoded including context-adaptive, such as CABAC codings, CAV2V codings and other context-adaptives coding Another exemplary embodiment in, whether " mb_row_cabac_init_flag " mark can be signaled can be in a line In the first macroblocks entropy decoding is initialized.In certain embodiments of the present invention, it is worth for " the mb_row_cabac_ of " 1 " Init_flag " marks can signal entropy code context and are reset at each macro-block line beginning.In the standby of the present invention Select in embodiment, " mb_row_cabac_init_flag " mark being worth for " 1 " can be signaled to be opened in each macro-block line Entropy code context is reset at beginning and adaptive scanning is reset.In certain embodiments, for " mb_row_cabac_ For init_flag " mark, the default value taken when not sending mark can be " 0 ".“mb_row_cabac_init_ Whether idc_flag " marks can be signaled transmits cabac_init_idc values at each macro-block line beginning.Some In embodiment, when " mb_row_cabac_init_idc_flag " value indicated is " 1 ", it will be passed at each macro-block line beginning Send value.In certain embodiments, for the mark of " mb_row_cabac_init_idc_flag ", when not sending mark The default value taken can be " 0 ".In certain embodiments, " cabac_init_idc_present_flag " mark can be used Signal notifies whether transfer cabac_init_idc values for macro block.In certain embodiments, when not transmitted for macro block During cabac_init_idc values, entropy code context is reset using the preceding value of the cabac_init_idc in bit stream. In certain embodiments of the present invention, for example, can be in conventional sheet header when the value of " entropy_slice_flag " is " 0 " In signal " mb_row_cabac_init_flag " mark and " mb_row_cabac_init_idc_flag " mark. In certain embodiments of the present invention, for example, can be in entropy tablet header when the value of " entropy_slice_flag " is " 1 " Signal " mb_row_cabac_init_flag " mark and " mb_row_cabac_init_idc_flag " mark.Table 10 The example syntax of these embodiments is shown with table 11.Table 10 shows example disc header syntax, and table 11 is shown Example disc data syntax (coding_unit).

[table 10]

Table 10：The example syntax table of the initialization of entropy code is signaled at macro-block line beginning

[table 11]

Table 11：Signal the example syntax table of the initial context for macro block

In certain embodiments of the present invention, the position of entropy tablet in the bitstream can be signaled in the bitstream. In some embodiments it is possible to which entropy tablet will be signaled in the bitstream in the bitstream by being signaled using mark Position.Some exemplary embodiments can include：" entropy_slice_locations_flag " then may be used if "true" To indicate that the position of entropy tablet header in the bitstream will be signaled in the bitstream.In certain embodiments, position data It can be coded differently.In some embodiments it is possible to send position data in each reconstruction slice.In alternative In, each it can send a position data by picture.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, the position of LCU rows in the bitstream can be signaled in the bitstream. In some embodiments it is possible to signal the first LCU that will be signaled in the bitstream in every row using mark Position in the bitstream.Some exemplary embodiments can include：" lcu_row_location_flag " if "true" then The positions of the first LCU in the bitstream that will be signaled in the bitstream in every row can be indicated.In certain embodiments, Position data can be coded differently.In some embodiments it is possible to send position data in each entropy tablet.Alternative real Apply in example, each reconstruction slice can send a position data.

Table 12A-C shows the example syntax for signaling the position of LCU rows and entropy tablet in the bitstream.Pin To this example syntax, semanteme is：

Whether " entropy_slice_locations_flag " is signaled sends entropy tablet header position.If The value of " entropy_slice_locations_flag " is configured to " 1 ", then transmits entropy tablet header position, otherwise do not transmit. The default value of " entropy_slice_locations_flag " is " 0 ".

* " number that num_of_entropy_slice_minus 1 " signals the entropy tablet in reconstruction slice subtracts 1.

* " entropy_slice_offset [i] " indicates the skew of the i-th entropy tablet and previous entropy tablet.

Whether * " lcu_row_locations_flag " is signaled transmits LCU row positional informations.If " lcu_ Row_locations_flag " value is " 1 ", then transmits LCU row positional informations, otherwise do not transmit.For " lcu_row_ Locations_flag " default value is " 0 ".

* " number that num_of_lcu_rows_minus 1 " signals the LCU rows in entropy tablet subtracts 1.

* " lcu_row_offset [i] " indicates the skew of i-th of LCU row and previous LCU rows.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, can be with " macro block " come " lcu " in substitution table 12A-C.For example, can divide Yong not " first_mb_in_slice ", " mb_row_cabac_init_flag ", " mb_row_cabac_init_idc_ flag”、“mb_row_locations_flag”、“mb_row_locations()”、“num_of_mb_rows_minus 1” " first_lcu_in_slice ", " lcu_row_cabac_ that " mb_row_offset [i] " comes in substitution table 12A-C init_flag”、“lcu_row_cabac_init_idc_flag”、“lcu_row_locations_flag”、“lcu_row_ Locations () ", " num_of_lcu_rows_minus 1 " and " lcu_row_offset [i] ".

[table 12A]

Table 12A

[table 12B]

Table 12B

[table 12C]

Table 12C

Table 12A-C：Signal the example syntax table of the positions of the first LCU in the bitstream in a line

In certain embodiments of the present invention, entropy coder initialization can be signaled in the bitstream in bit stream In position.In some embodiments it is possible to which entropy volume can be signaled in the bitstream by being signaled using mark The position of code device initialization in the bitstream.Entropy coder initialization definitions are in the bitstream in both encoder and decoder Entropy coder is initialized as the position of predefined state by place.In certain embodiments, entropy is initialized using initialization procedure Encoder so that any follow-up output of entropy coder is aligned with byte boundary.In certain embodiments, using initialization procedure To initialize entropy coder so that any follow-up output of entropy coder is aligned with bit boundaries.Here, bit represents bit stream In single binary value, byte representation be equal to multiple bits unit.For example, usual 8 bits are equivalent to byte.It is some Exemplary embodiment can include：" entropy_locations_flags " can then be indicated if "true" will be in bit stream In signal entropy coder initialization position in the bitstream.In certain embodiments, position data can be different Ground is encoded.In some embodiments it is possible to send position data in each entropy tablet.In an alternative embodiment, can each it weigh Tile sends a position data.In an alternative embodiment, each a position data can be sent by piece.

Table 18A-B shows the exemplary language for signaling the position of entropy coder initialization in the bitstream Method.For this example syntax, semanteme is：

(1) " entropy_entry_point_flag " signals initial with the presence or absence of entropy coder in the bitstream Change position.If the value of " entropy_entry_point_flag " is arranged to " 1 ", there is entropy coder in the bitstream Initialized location.In certain embodiments, these entropy coder initialized locations correspond to the beginning of entropy tablet.In some embodiments In, these entropy coder initialized locations correspond to the beginning of brick (tile), and brick is rectangular sheet.In certain embodiments, these Entropy coder initialized location corresponds to the beginning of LCU rows.In certain embodiments, these entropy coder initialized locations correspondence In subflow, subflow is defined as the set of LCU rows.The default value of " entropy_entry_point_flag " is " 0 ".

(2) " num_of_entropy_locations_minus1 " signals the number of entropy coder initialized location Mesh subtracts 1.

(3) " entropy_locations_offset [i] " indicates the i-th entropy coder initialized location and previous entropy code The skew of device initialized location.

(4) whether " entropy_point_locations_flag " is signaled sends entropy coder entry point location Information.If the value of " entropy_point_locations_flag " is " 1 ", entropy coder entry point location letter is sent Breath, does not otherwise send.The default value of " entropy_point_locations_flag " is " 0 ".

[table 18A]

Table 18A

[table 18B]

Table 18B

Table 18A-B：Signal the example syntax table of the position in bit stream

Table 19A-B, which is shown, signals the position of entropy coder initialization in the bitstream.For this exemplary language Method, semanteme is：

(2) " num_of_first_entropy_locations_minus1 " signals entropy coder initialization bit The number put subtracts 1.

(3) " num_of_first_entropy_locations_minus1 " is signaled for the first entropy coder The number of the entropy coder initialized location of initialization procedure subtracts 1.

(4) " num_of_second_entropy_locations_minus1 " is signaled for the second entropy coder The number of the entropy coder initialized location of initialization procedure subtracts 1.

(5) " entropy_locations_offset [i] " indicates the i-th entropy coder initialized location and previous entropy code The skew of device initialized location.Whether " entropy_point_locations_flag " is signaled sends entropy coder and enters Mouth dot position information.If the value of " entropy_point_locations_flag " is " 1 ", entropy coder entrance is sent Dot position information, does not otherwise send.The default value of " entropy_point_locations_flag " is " 0 ".

[table 19A]

Table 19A

[table 19B]

Table 19B

Table 19A-B：Signal the example syntax table of the position in bit stream

In one embodiment of the invention, for an index i class value, according to the first entropy coder initialization procedure It is aligned to signal entropy_locations_offset [i], and for index i the second class value, according to second The alignment of entropy coder initialization procedure signals entropy_locations_offset [i].For example, when it is During num_of_second_entropy_locations_minus1+1 integral multiple, it can be initialized according to the first entropy coder The alignment of process signals entropy_locations_offset [i].Alternatively, when i+N is num_of_ , can be according to pair of the first entropy coder initialization procedure during second_entropy_locations_minus+1 integral multiple Standard signals entropy_locations_offset [i], and wherein N is defined in this embodiment, and be integer Value.In one embodiment, entropy_ is signaled when the alignment according to the first entropy coder initialization procedure Slice_locations_offset [i] and signaled according to the alignment of the second entropy coder initialization procedure During entropy_slice_locations_offset [i+1], correspond to entropy_slice_locations_ in export Before offset [i+1] entropy coder initialized location, entropy_slice_locations_offset [i] is marked The position of knowledge is mapped to the alignment of the second entropy coder initialization procedure from the alignment of the first entropy coder initialization procedure.For First initialization procedure is byte alignment and the second initialization procedure is the situation of bit alignment, and the position of byte alignment is turned It is changed to the position of bit alignment.For example, the position of byte alignment can be multiplied by the number of bit in byte.For the first initialization Process is bit alignment and the second initialization procedure is the situation of byte alignment, and the position that bit is aligned is converted into byte pair Accurate position.For example, bit alignment position can with divided by byte in bit number.For the example, division can be represented Divide exactly.Alternatively, for the example, division can represent shift right operation.Byte pair is converted to for the position for being directed at bit The example of accurate position, the process adds skew after can additionally including above-mentioned division arithmetic.For in the bitstream Additionally signal the situation that entropy_locations_offset [i] bit stream is represented, entropy_ Locations_offset [i] expression can depend on corresponding to entropy coder initialized location entropy_locations_ Offset [i] entropy coder initialization procedure.For example, work as the first entropy coder initialization procedure for byte alignment, than Special flow table is shown when being signaled as N number of bit (wherein, for the embodiment, N is integer), at the beginning of the second entropy coder Beginning process, can use the bit stream of M-bit to represent (wherein, for the embodiment, M is integer).Here, the ratio between M and N can With the ratio between alignment equal to the first initialization procedure and the second initialization procedure.In other words, if the first initialization procedure is word Section alignment and the second initialization procedure is bit alignment, then the ratio between M and N can be identical with the ratio of the bit number in byte.

It can be become by the position and non-zero for signaling the zero value transform for being directed to elementary cell (such as macro block) The hierarchical value of coefficient is changed to realize high efficiency of transmission of the residual data from encoder to decoder.Many coded systems can attempt by Zero value transform is positioned at the ending of the residual data of elementary cell, thus allow it is last significantly conversion coefficient it It is zero effectively to signal remaining transform coefficient values using " end-of-block (EOB) " code afterwards.

Some coded systems can track the null value in the residual data previously transmitted for previously processed elementary cell The position of conversion coefficient, this can allow last position of the transmission with previous zero value transform in follow-up residual data. Alternatively, some coded systems can track the position of the nonzero value conversion coefficient in the residual data previously transmitted.Although this Code efficiency can be improved, but need to decode previous residual data completely to decode current residual data, this be by Context model, also referred to as probabilistic model are used in the coding of following facts, i.e. residual data, and context model is by converting Parameter identifier is come what is determined, and conversion coefficient identifier can only utilize the position for being identified as transmitting at residual data ending Knowledge determine.

For example, as shown in Figure 34 A, if scanning has adaptively generated following scanning sequency：For with it is current basic The associated entropy code processing of unit

[mathematical expression 103]

S={ coeff₀, coeff₁₀, coeff₁...,

Wherein,

[mathematical expression 104]

coeff_i

The i-th conversion coefficient is represented, then for encoding transform coefficients

[mathematical expression 105]

coeff₀

Acquisition is needed to correspond to

[mathematical expression 106]

coeff₀

, can be expressed as

[mathematical expression 107]

ctxt₀

Context.Next, for encoding transform coefficients

[mathematical expression 108]

coeff₁₀

Acquisition is needed to correspond to

[mathematical expression 109]

coeff₁₀

Context

[mathematical expression 110]

ctxt₁₀

, etc..It is therefore possible to perform the time-sequencing of the coding on elementary cell, this is due to that needs know scanning Sequentially

[mathematical expression 111]

S={ coeff₀, coeff₁₀, coeff₁...,

And this can not be obtained before previous elementary cell has been encoded.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, in order to allow the parallel encoding of entropy tablet, it can start in the piece of each entropy tablet Adaptive scanning is reset to entropy tablet default scan order at elementary cell, so as to allow concurrently to compile independent entropy tablet Code.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, the row of each LCU rows that can be in entropy tablet starts will be certainly at elementary cell The scanning sequency for adapting to scanning calculating is arranged to known scanning sequency, also referred to as row default scan order.

In the alternative of the present invention, the block conversion coefficient that can be obtained for encoding transform coefficients can be swept Order and corresponding context model (also referred to as context) decoupling are retouched, so as to allow parallel encoding.In these embodiments, position The conversion coefficient of first position in bit stream can based on its position relative to other conversion coefficients in bit stream, With contextually acquisition order accordingly position it is context-sensitive.In these embodiments, context can be predefined Acquisition order, context acquisition order can be expressed as

[mathematical expression 112]

F={ ctxt_A, ctxt_B, ctxt_C... },

Wherein,

[mathematical expression 113]

ctxt.

Represent it is not associated with conversion coefficient position in transform domain but with the conversion coefficient in bit stream relative position Put associated context.Therefore, for exemplary transform coefficients scanning sequency

[mathematical expression 114]

S={ coeff₀, coeff₁₀, coeff₁...

For, coded treatment can be used

[mathematical expression 115]

ctxt_A

It is right

[mathematical expression 116]

coeff₀

Encoded, used

[mathematical expression 117]

ctxt_B

It is right

[mathematical expression 118]

coeff₁₀

Encoded, used

[mathematical expression 119]

ctxt_C

It is right

[mathematical expression 120]

coeff₁

Progress is encoded etc..In these embodiments, entropy code processing can be operated independently of scanning sequency.Can be with Some encoder embodiments are described on Figure 35.Encoder can obtain the 1280 next conversion coefficients to be encoded, and And list 1282 next contexts of acquisition can be obtained from predefined context.The context of acquisition can be used to acquisition Conversion coefficient carries out entropy code 1284, and can be made regarding whether the determination in the presence of the notable conversion coefficient for being still to coding 1286.If there is the 1287 notable conversion coefficients for being still to coding, then 1280 next notable conversion coefficients can be obtained, and should Processing can continue.If there is no 1289, then the processing can terminate 1290.Some decoders can be described on Figure 36 Embodiment.Decoder can obtain 1300 next contexts and using the context obtained to next notable change from bit stream Change coefficient and carry out entropy decoding 1302.The conversion coefficient of 1304 decodings can be stored, and can be made regarding whether that presence will be solved The determination 1306 of the residue of code significantly conversion coefficient.If there is 1307, then 1300 next contexts can be obtained, and at this Reason can continue.If there is no 1309, then the processing can terminate 1310.

In the alternative of the present invention, coefficient scanning order can be restricted to the son that be possible to scanning group is closed Collection, and can explicitly signal.At entropy tablet beginning, the scanning that scanning sequency can be arranged to signal notice is suitable Sequence.In some embodiments it is possible to which scanning sequency is signaled as standard syntax.In an alternative embodiment, can be with With non-standard message, such as SEI message or other non-standard messages, to signal scanning sequency.

In the alternative of the present invention, coefficient scanning order can be restricted to the son that be possible to scanning group is closed Collection, and can explicitly signal.LCU rows beginning in entropy tablet, can be arranged to signal by scanning sequency and lead to The scanning sequency known.In some embodiments it is possible to which scanning sequency is signaled as standard syntax.Alternatively implementing In example, non-standard message, such as SEI message or other non-standard messages, to signal scanning sequency can be used.

In an alternative embodiment, when entropy tablet starts, coefficient scanning order can be arranged to the substantially single of early decoding The scanning sequency of member.In some embodiments it is possible to the scanning that scanning sequency is arranged to use in elementary cell up Sequentially.In an alternative embodiment, scanning sequency can be arranged to up suitable with the scanning used in the elementary cell on right side Sequence.

In the alternative of the present invention, when the LCU rows in entropy tablet start, coefficient scanning order can be arranged to The scanning sequency of the elementary cell of early decoding.In some embodiments it is possible to which scanning sequency is arranged into up basic The scanning sequency used in unit.In an alternative embodiment, scanning sequency can be arranged to up substantially single with right side The scanning sequency used in member.

With reference to Figure 42, in certain embodiments of the present invention, the context initialization method for P pieces can be applied to Forward prediction B pieces, this can cause high compression efficiency, and this is due to many hypothesis for the bigger free degree and B predictions for assigning B pieces Property.Different from conventional B pieces, the reference plate used in forward prediction B pieces comes from time frame/picture earlier all the time, Wherein it is possible to select reference from following in time and/or past frame/picture.Therefore, forward prediction B pieces can include Residual data with the statistical property different from conventional B pieces.As shown in Figure 42, the technology can receive B pieces, P pieces and I Piece, and context initialization technology is selected based on the type of the piece received.In addition, in the case of forward prediction B pieces, Use the context initialization technology for P pieces.More specifically, performing following steps：

4301：Can be from bit stream decoding sheet type；

4302：Whether determine the sheet type is B pieces；

4303：If sheet type is B pieces (being yes in 4302), it is determined that whether the piece is forward prediction.If should Piece is forward prediction, then with the second initialization technique by context initialization, otherwise with the first initialization technique by above and below Text initialization；

4304：If sheet type is not B pieces (being no in 4302), it is determined that whether sheet type is P pieces.If sheet type It is P pieces, then with the second initialization technique by the context initialization；And

4305：If sheet type is not P pieces (being no in 4304), it is determined that whether sheet type is I pieces.If sheet type It is I pieces, then with the 3rd initialization technique by context initialization.

According to an aspect of the present invention, it can be generated only for forward prediction B frames by training for initializing entropy The initial probability distribution of encoder.According to another aspect of the present invention, can based on for encode current video data coding, It can be expressed as

[mathematical expression 121]

QP

Quantization parameter be adapted to the initialization of context.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, encoder will alternatively can be answered for the context initialization method of P pieces For forward prediction yuB pieces, and the generation of the replacement can be signaled.In certain embodiments of the present invention, signaling Can be explicit.In the alternative of the present invention, signaling can be implicit.Including the of the invention of explicit signaling In some embodiments, it can send and indicate to decoder when P pieces are replaced with forward prediction B pieces.In these embodiments It is some in, can using mark be signaled as standard syntax.In an alternative embodiment, it can be used in non-standard message Signal notification flag, such as SEI message or other non-standard messages.

With reference to Figure 40, in certain embodiments of the present invention, the context initialization method for P pieces can be applied to Single directional prediction B pieces, this can cause high compression efficiency, and this is due to the bigger free degree for assigning B pieces.In single directional prediction B pieces Used in reference plate be a part for frame/picture of frame/picture or slower in time earlier in time.Therefore, Single directional prediction B pieces can include the residual data with the statistical property different from two-way B pieces.Solution is also referred in time The display order of picture/frame of code.As shown in Figure 40, the technology can receive B pieces, P pieces and I pieces, and based on reception To the type of piece select context initialization technology.In addition, in the case of single directional prediction B pieces, using for the upper of P pieces Hereafter initialization technique.More specifically, performing following steps：

4101：Can be from bit stream decoding sheet type；

4102：Whether determine the sheet type is B pieces；

4103：If sheet type is B pieces (being yes in 4102), it is determined that the piece whether be forward or a backward prediction but It is not both.As chankings be forward or a backward prediction but be not both, then with the second initialization technique by context initialization, Otherwise with the first initialization technique by context initialization；

4104：If sheet type is not B pieces (being no in 4102), it is determined that whether sheet type is P pieces.If sheet type It is P pieces, then with the second initialization technique by the context initialization；And

4105：If sheet type is not P pieces (being no in 4104), it is determined that whether sheet type is I pieces.If sheet type It is I pieces, then with the 3rd initialization technique by context initialization.

, in certain embodiments of the present invention, can be with different from back forecast B pieces and/or bi-directional predicted B with reference to Figure 41 The mode of piece initializes forward prediction B pieces, and this can cause high compression efficiency, and this is due to the different free of imparting B pieces Degree.Reference plate used in forward prediction B pieces is a part for frame/picture earlier in time.Therefore, forward prediction B pieces can include the residual data with the statistical property different from backward and/or two-way B pieces.Also refer in time The display order of picture/frame of decoding.As shown in Figure 41, the technology can receive B pieces, P pieces and I pieces, and be based on connecing The type of the piece received selects context initialization technology.In addition, in the case of forward prediction B pieces, difference can be used In the context initialization technology of B pieces, P pieces and I pieces.More specifically, performing following steps：

4201：Can be from bit stream decoding sheet type；

4202：Whether determine the sheet type is B pieces；

4203：If sheet type is B pieces (being yes in 4202), it is determined that whether the piece is forward prediction.If should Piece is forward prediction, then with the 4th initialization technique by context initialization, otherwise with the first initialization technique by context Initialization；

4204：If sheet type is not B pieces (being no in 4202), it is determined that whether sheet type is P pieces.If sheet type It is P pieces, then with the second initialization technique by the context initialization；And

4205：If sheet type is not P pieces (being no in 4204), it is determined that whether sheet type is I pieces.If sheet type It is I pieces, then with the 3rd initialization technique by context initialization.

Context initialization method can be needed for the operation by entropy coder the arranges value of entropy coder constitute.For example, Can be directed to is used for probability Estimation the entropy coder of coded data, such as in arithmetic encoder, sets the first probability Estimation. Context initialization method can use initialization technique to determine the value.In one embodiment, the first initial method pair Ying Yu carrys out arranges value using the first form for precalculating value.Similarly, the second initial method corresponds to use and precalculated Second form of value sets the value.In another embodiment, the first initial method is used between frames using more than One prediction frame and design precalculate the first form of value to set the value, wherein, sorted when according to display order When be used for one or more frames of prediction in time both before present frame and after the current frame.Second initial method Carry out arranges value using the second form for precalculating value designed from the frame predicted between frames using more than one, wherein, when Be used for during according to display order to sort the frame of prediction in time before present frame or in time present frame it Afterwards, but be not in time both before present frame and after the current frame.3rd initial method, which is used, to be directed in frame Between using the frame of at most one prediction, the 3rd form for precalculating value that designs carrys out arranges value.4th initial method makes With the 4th form for precalculating value for being designed between frames without using the frame of prediction come arranges value.

In one embodiment of the invention, RefPicList0 is included in the previous solution shown before the display of present frame The frame list of code, is followed by the frame list of early decoding shown after the display of present frame, and RefPicList1 is included The frame list of the early decoding shown after the display of present frame, is followed by the previous solution shown before the display of present frame The frame list of code.In the present embodiment, conditions above (2) is true for unidirectional B pieces, because after the display of present frame The number of the frame of the early decoding of display is zero, or the number of the frame of the decoding shown before the display of present frame is zero. In another embodiment of the invention, PicOrderCnt represents the display order of the frame of decoding.In the present embodiment, above bar Part (3) is true for unidirectional B pieces, because the frame of decoding is entirely before the display of present frame or in the display of present frame Show afterwards.

In the certain embodiments of the present invention including implicit signaling, when the reference plate (frame/figure used in prediction Piece) based on piece by shown order be entirely in the past piece (frame/picture) when, can infer at decoder and be directed to P pieces Context initialization method is applied to the generation of forward prediction B pieces.In certain embodiments, can when following condition is true To infer the generation that P pieces are replaced with unidirectional B pieces：(1) reference picture list RefPicList 1 has one or more entries, (2) reference picture list RefPicList 1 and RefPicList0 includes identical picture set, and (3) reference picture is arranged All frames in table RefPicList1 and RefPiList0 have smaller than the PicOrderCnt of present frame PicOrderCnt, wherein, PicOrderCnt is indicated the display order of frame by ascending order.In certain embodiments, when following condition When being true, the generation that P pieces are replaced with unidirectional B pieces may infer that：(1) reference picture list RefPicList1 has one or many Individual entry, (2) reference picture list RefPicList1 and RefPicList0 include identical picture set, and (3) are referred to All frames in just list RefPicList1 and RefPiList0 have bigger than the PicOrderCnt of present frame PicOrderCnt, wherein, PicOrderCnt is indicated the display order of frame by ascending order.In certain embodiments, when following condition When being true, the generation that P pieces are replaced with unidirectional B pieces may infer that：(1) reference picture list RefPicList1 has one or many Individual entry, and (2) reference picture list RefPicList1 and with the PicOrderCnt than present frame smaller (or bigger) PicOrderCnt, wherein, PicOrderCnt by ascending order indicate frame display order.In certain embodiments, when following bar When part is true, the generation that P pieces are replaced with unidirectional B pieces may infer that：(1) reference picture list RefPicList1 has more than one The frame [0, N] in frame [0, N] and RefPicList0 in individual entry, and (2) reference picture list RefPicList1 has The PicOrderCnt of (or bigger) smaller than the PicOrderCnt of present frame, wherein, PicOrderCnt indicates frame by ascending order Display order.In certain embodiments, when following condition is true, it may infer that the generation that P pieces are replaced with unidirectional B pieces：(1) join Examining just list RefPicList1 has more than one entry, the first frame in (2) reference picture list RefPicList1 and The second frame in reference picture list RefPicList0 is identical, the second frame in (3) reference picture list RefPicList1 and The first frame in reference picture list RefPicList0 is identical, frame [0, N] in (4) reference picture list RefPicList1 and Frame [0, N] in RefPicList0 has the PicOrderCnt of (or bigger) smaller than the PicOrderCnt of present frame, its In, PicOrderCnt is indicated the display order of frame by ascending order.In certain embodiments, RefPicList0 and RefPicList1 In order need not be equivalent with comprising identical picture set.In the exemplary embodiment, reference picture list is worked as RefPicList1 has more than one entry and RefPicList1 and reference picture list RefPicList0 etc. simultaneously, then The first two entry RefPicList1 [0] and RefPicListl [1] can be exchanged.N also refers to be less than reference picture row The sum of frame/picture in table.PicOrderCnt may also refer to the relative display order in decoder picture buffer.

When indicate the generation of P pieces is replaced by forward prediction B pieces when, P pieces method can be used by above and below for entropy tablet Text initialization.In another embodiment, P pieces method can be used by the context initialization of piece.

Table 13 is shown for explicitly signaling showing for the initial context by B pieces are initialized using P pieces method Example property grammer.In the exemplary embodiment associated with table 13, " cabac_init_P_flag " is to be directed to B piece entropy coders Initialization indicates that the mark of B pieces method or P piece methods should be selected.In certain embodiments, if " cabac_init_P_ The value of flag " marks is " 0 ", then selects B pieces method for initialization, and if " cabac_init_P_flag " indicates Value be " 1 ", then select P pieces method for initialization.

[table 13]

Table 13：Show the example syntax table of the explicit signaling initialized using the B pieces of P piece methods

[table 17]

Table 17：Show the example syntax table of the explicit signaling of initialization

With reference to Figure 43, in certain embodiments of the present invention, can in the mode different from bi-directional predicted B pieces, and with Depending on the mode of initialization flag, to initialize forward prediction B pieces or back forecast B pieces.This can cause higher compression to be imitated Rate, this is due to the different frees degree for assigning B pieces and P pieces.The reference plate used in forward prediction B pieces be in time compared with A part for early frame/picture.Therefore, forward prediction B pieces can include having the statistics different from backward and/or two-way B pieces The residual data of characteristic.The display order of picture/frame of decoding is also referred in time.As shown in Figure 43, the technology B pieces, P pieces, I pieces and initialization flag can be received.The value of type and initialization flag based on the piece received, selection is just Beginning technology.

In Figure 43 one embodiment, initialization flag is the cabac_init_idc_flag in Table A.With table 17 In associated exemplary embodiment, " cabac_init_idc " is the mark for indicating the alternative initial method of selection.When When " cabac_init_idc " is set equal to 0 value, default initialization method is selected.When " cabac_init_idc " is set During for equal to 1 value, alternative initial method is selected.In the alternative of the present invention, cabac_init_idc is control pair The binary flags set of the selection of initial method.In this embodiment, using a mark in the set come in acquiescence Selected between initial method and alternative initial method.In the alternative of the present invention, entropy_coding_ Mode_flag is the mark for indicating entropy coder.In the alternative of the present invention, entropy_coding_mode_flag It is the mark for indicating whether to send initialization flag in the bitstream, and entropy_coding_mode_flag is not indicated that Entropy coder.It is contemplated that entropy_coding_mode_flag can include the first mark for indicating entropy coder and indicate Whether second mark of initialization flag is sent in the bitstream.When entropy_coding_mode_flag includes more than one During the first mark, when the mark associated with entropy_coding_mode_flag is true, entropy_coding_ Mode_flag is true.In another embodiment of the invention, entropy_coding_mode_flag is only for the first entropy code Device is true.For example, first entropy coder can be CABAC entropy coders.

With reference to Figure 44, in certain embodiments of the present invention, can with back forecast B pieces and/or bi-directional predicted B pieces not Same mode, and in the way of depending on initialization flag, to initialize forward prediction B pieces.This can cause higher compression Efficiency, this is due to the different frees degree for assigning B pieces and P pieces.The reference plate used in forward prediction B pieces be in time compared with A part for early frame/picture.Therefore, forward prediction B pieces can include having the statistics different from backward and/or two-way B pieces The residual data of characteristic.The display order of picture/frame of decoding is also referred in time.As shown in Figure 44, the technology B pieces, P pieces, I pieces and initialization flag can be received.The value of type and initialization flag based on the piece received, selection is just Beginning technology.

In Figure 44 one embodiment, initialization flag is the cabac_init_idc_flag in table 17.With table 17 In associated exemplary embodiment, " cabac_init_idc " is the mark for indicating the alternative initial method of selection.When When " cabac_init_idc " is set equal to 0 value, default initialization method is selected.When " cabac_init_idc " is set During for equal to 1 value, alternative initial method is selected.In the alternative of the present invention, cabac_init_idc is control pair The binary flags set of the selection of initial method.In this embodiment, using a mark in these marks come silent Recognize between initial method and alternative initial method and select.In the alternative of the present invention, entropy_coding_ Mode_flag is the mark for indicating entropy coder.In the alternative of the present invention, entropy_coding_mode_flag It is the mark for indicating whether to send initialization flag in the bitstream, and entropy_coding_mode_flag is not indicated that Entropy coder.It is contemplated that entropy_coding_mode_flag can include the first mark for indicating entropy coder and indicate Whether second mark of initialization flag is sent in the bitstream.When entropy_coding_mode_flag includes more than one During the first mark, when the mark associated with entropy_coding_mode_flag is true, entropy_coding_ Mode_flag is true.In another embodiment of the invention, entropy_coding_mode_flag is only for the first entropy code Device is true.For example, first entropy coder can be CABAC entropy coders.

With reference to Figure 45, in certain embodiments of the present invention, it will can be applied to for the initial method of P pieces preceding to pre- B pieces are surveyed, and initial method can depend on initialization flag.This can cause high compression efficiency, and this is due to assign B Many hypothesis properties of the different frees degree and B the pieces prediction of piece.Reference plates different from conventional B pieces, being used in forward prediction B pieces Frame/picture earlier is always come from time, wherein it is possible to be selected from following in time and/or past frame/picture With reference to.Therefore, forward prediction B pieces can include the residual data with the statistical property different from backward and/or two-way B pieces. The display order of picture/frame of decoding is also referred in time.As shown in Figure 45, the technology can receive B pieces, P pieces, I pieces and initialization flag.The value of type and initialization flag based on the piece received, selects initialization technique.

In Figure 45 one embodiment, initialization flag is the cabac_init_idc_flag in table 17.With table 17 In associated exemplary embodiment, " cabac_init_idc " is the mark for indicating the alternative initial method of selection.When When " cabac_init_idc " is set equal to 0 value, default initialization method is selected.When " cabac_init_idc " is set During for equal to 1 value, alternative initial method is selected.In the alternative of the present invention, cabac_init_idc is control pair The binary flags set of the selection of initial method.In this embodiment, using a mark in these marks come silent Recognize between initial method and alternative initial method and select.In the alternative of the present invention, entropy_coding_ Mode_flag is the mark for indicating entropy coder.In the alternative of the present invention, entropy_coding_mode_flag It is the mark for indicating whether to send initialization flag in the bitstream, and entropy_coding_mode_flag is not indicated that Entropy coder.It is contemplated that entropy_coding_mode_flag can include the first mark for indicating entropy coder and indicate Whether second mark of initialization flag is sent in the bitstream.When entropy_coding_mode_flag includes more than one During the first mark, when the mark associated with entropy_coding_mode_flag is true, entropy_coding_ Mode_flag is true.In another embodiment of the invention, entropy_coding_mode_flag is only for the first entropy code Device is true.For example, first entropy coder can be CABAC entropy coders.

With reference to Figure 46, in certain embodiments of the present invention, it will can be applied to for the initial method of P pieces preceding to B Piece, can will be applied to P pieces for the initial method of B pieces, and initial method can depend on initialization flag.This can To cause high compression efficiency, this is due to the different frees degree that initialization flag is assigned.As shown in Figure 46, the technology can To receive B pieces, P pieces, I pieces and initialization flag.The value of type and initialization flag based on the piece received, selection is initial Change technology.In addition, in the case of the first value of initialization flag, for P pieces using the first initial method and for B pieces Use the second initial method.In the case of the second value of initialization flag, for B pieces using the first initial method and The second initial method is used for P pieces.

In Figure 46 one embodiment, initialization flag is the cabac_init_idc_flag in table 17.With table 17 In associated exemplary embodiment, " cabac_init_idc " is the mark for indicating the alternative initial method of selection.When When " cabac_init_idc " is set equal to 0 value, default initialization method is selected.When " cabac_init_idc " is set During for equal to 1 value, alternative initial method is selected.In the alternative of the present invention, cabac_init_idc is control pair The binary flags set of the selection of initial method.In this embodiment, using a mark in these marks come silent Recognize between initial method and alternative initial method and select.In the alternative of the present invention, entropy_coding_ Mode_flag is the mark for indicating entropy coder.In the alternative of the present invention, entropy_coding_mode_flag It is the mark for indicating whether to send initialization flag in the bitstream, and entropy_coding_mode_flag is not indicated that Entropy coder.It is contemplated that entropy_coding_mode_flag can include the first mark for indicating entropy coder and indicate Whether second mark of initialization flag is sent in the bitstream.When entropy_coding_mode_flag includes more than one During the first mark, when the mark associated with entropy_coding_mode_flag is true, entropy_coding_ Mode_flag is true.In another embodiment of the invention, entropy_coding_mode_flag is only for the first entropy code Device is true.For example, first entropy coder can be CABAC entropy coders.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, the context initialization state for entropy tablet can be based on by entropy coder The number of the Binary of processing.When being incorrectly initialized, entropy coder can be more quickly to information source Statistical Convergence.Faster Convergence less bit can be caused to be wasted and therefore higher compression efficiency.In certain embodiments of the present invention, may be used To estimate the number of Binary that can be transmitted, and when the binary bits number of estimation meets the first criterion, the can be used One initial method.When the binary bits number of estimation is unsatisfactory for the first criterion, the second initial method can be used.

The exemplary embodiment of the present invention can be understood on Figure 37.In these embodiments, 1320 can be estimated The number of the Binary of processing.The number of the processed Binary of Nbins estimation can be will be indicated as and Tbins is expressed as Threshold value compare 1322.With the number increase of processed Binary, the prediction of the context initialization based on QP is accurate Degree may be reduced.The higher forecasting degree of accuracy for context initialization can cause more preferable compression efficiency.If processed Binary estimated number be more than 1324 threshold values, then can select 1326 single context initialization values.If processed The estimated number of Binary is not more than 1328 threshold values, then can be based on QP adaptively by context initialization 1330.Can be with base In the training of the selected measurement of such as mean square error, relative entropy and other distance metrics and optimization come at the beginning of selecting single context Beginning value.Self-adaptive initialization based on QP can be

[mathematical expression 122]

C_A*QP+C_B

Form it is affine adaptive, wherein,

[mathematical expression 123]

C_A

With

[mathematical expression 124]

C_B

It is constant.In some embodiments it is possible to estimate binary based on the number of the Binary handled in first anter The number of position.In an alternative embodiment, the number of Binary can be estimated based on the number of the Binary handled in previous frame Mesh.

On representing of the invention described in Figure 38 of processed a range of binary bits number with pictorial manner In some embodiments, can on many threshold values (show two, 1348,1350) describe and determine processed Binary Multiple separations of number scope (show three, 1342,1344,1346), and can processed two based on estimation Which in scope 1342,1344,1346 be the number of first position fall in select context initialization value, for example, for three Individual scope 1342,1344,1346, when

[mathematical expression 125]

Nbins≤T_min

When 1342, can based on QP adaptively by context initialization, when

[mathematical expression 126]

T_min＜ Nbins≤T₁

, can be by context initialization into the first fixation context value when 1344, and work as

[mathematical expression 127]

T₁＜ Nbins

, can be by context initialization into second, different fixation context value when 1346.

Another alternative exemplary embodiment of the present invention can be understood on Figure 39.In the present example embodiment, may be used To determine 1400 QP values and relative to being expressed as T_QPThreshold value carry out inspection 1402.Usually, it is handled as QP reduces The number of Binary can increase.If QP is not less than 1404 threshold values, 1406 can be adaptively initialized based on QP Context.If QP value is less than 1408 threshold values, 1410 single context initialization values can be selected.It can be based on for example equal The training of the selected measurement of square error, relative entropy and other distance metrics and optimization select single context initialization value.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, it may be determined that the scope of QP multiple separations, and it can be fallen based on QP values Which is selected context initialization value in the range of.

Table 14 shows the comparison of the distortion performance for full in-line coding.Shown in tertial two son row First compare be using multiple coding (wherein, the entropy decoding and reconstructing macroblocks for piece are not dependent on other pieces) with Without using between the coding of piece, the comparison of the progress of H.264/AVC conjunctive model (JM) software version 13.0 is used.On an average, For identical bit, using the coding of multiple for without using piece, Quality Down -0.3380dB.It is average Get up, for identical quality level, using the coding of multiple for without using piece, bit rate adds 7%.

4th row two son row shown in second compare be be divided into using embodiments in accordance with the present invention it is many Between the coding of one reconstruction slice of individual entropy tablet (each row macro block of entropy tablet two) and the coding using the JM 13.0 without piece Compare.On an average, for identical bit, using a reconstruction slice with multiple entropy tablets compared to the coding without using piece For, Quality Down -0.0860dB.On an average, for identical quality level, a reconstruction slice with multiple entropy tablets is used For the coding without using piece, bit rate increase by 1.83%.

[table 14]

Table 14：The comparison of distortion performance --- full in-line coding

Table 15 shows the comparison for the IBBP distortion performances encoded.The shown in tertial two son row One compare be using multiple coding (wherein, the entropy decoding and reconstructing macroblocks for piece are not dependent on other pieces) with not Using between the coding of piece, the comparison of the progress of H.264/AVC conjunctive model (JM) software version 13.0 is used.On an average, it is right For identical bit, encoded using multiple, Quality Down -0.5460dB.On an average, for phase homogenous quantities water Flat, using the coding of multiple for without using piece, bit rate adds 21.41%.

4th row two son row shown in second compare be be divided into using embodiments in accordance with the present invention it is many Between the coding of one reconstruction slice of individual entropy tablet (each row macro block of entropy tablet two) and the coding using the JM 13.0 without piece Compare.On an average, for identical bit, using a reconstruction slice with multiple entropy tablets compared to the coding without using piece For, Quality Down -0.31dB.On an average, for identical quality level, a reconstruction slice with multiple entropy tablets is used Coding is for the coding without using piece, bit rate increase by 11.45%.

[table 15]

Table 15：The comparison of distortion performance --- IBBP is encoded

Comparative result, in a reconstruction slice using the coding of multiple entropy tablets for the coding using piece, for The bit rate that complete internal and IBPP encodes offer 5.17% and 9.96% respectively is saved, wherein, for the entropy decoding and macro block of piece Reconstruct is not dependent on other pieces, although both allow parallel decoding.

Table 16 shows the comparison for the complete internal and IBBP distortion performances encoded.In this table, it is not to compare The comparison between the coding of a reconstruction slice of entropy tablet is divided into using the coding of piece and using embodiments in accordance with the present invention, Wherein each entropy tablet has full-size 26k Binaries.First shown in two son row of the 2nd row to compare be using complete internal The comparison of coding.On an average, for identical bit rate, by using the coding of the reconstruction slice with multiple entropy tablets, quality Decline -0.062dB.On an average, for identical quality level, by using the coding of the reconstruction slice with multiple entropy tablets, than Special rate increase by 1.86%.Therefore, for the full in-line coding using the entropy tablet of each entropy tablet full-size 26k Binaries, Compared to the fixation entropy tablet size of two row macro blocks, the mean bit rate for having about 0.64% is saved.

3rd row two son row shown in second compare be using IBBP encode comparison.On an average, for identical Bit rate, using a reconstruction slice with multiple entropy tablets for the coding without using piece, Quality Down- 0.022dB.On an average, for identical quality level, using the coding of a reconstruction slice with multiple entropy tablets compared to not For the coding of piece, bit rate increase by 0.787%.Therefore, for the entropy using each entropy tablet full-size 26k Binaries For the IBBP codings of piece, compared to the fixation entropy tablet size of two row macro blocks, the mean bit rate for having about 10.66% is saved.

[table 16]

Table 16：The comparison of distortion performance --- use the full inside for the entropy tablet for being less than 26k Binaries with each entropy tablet With IBBP codings

The use of entropy tablet allows the encoder of parallel decoding and reconstruction slice to entropy tablet to divide, wherein, each entropy tablet is less than Maximum binary bits number, can provide sizable bit rate saving for the entropy tablet of fixed macroblock number.

Although the chart and diagram in figure can show specific execution sequence, it will be appreciated that execution sequence can be with The difference described.For example, the execution sequence of block can be changed relative to shown order.Also, can be with as another example Perform simultaneously or with part simultaneity two or more blocks succeedingly shown in figure.Those skilled in the art should manage Solution is can to create software, hardware and/or firmware by those skilled in the art to perform various logic as described herein Function.

Certain embodiments of the present invention can include computer program product, its be included in thereon/be wherein stored with can be with For being programmed to computing system with the computer-readable storage medium for the instruction for performing any feature as described herein and method Matter.Exemplary storage computer-readable medium can include but is not limited to flash memory device, disk storage media, such as floppy disk, CD, magneto-optic disk, digital versatile disc (DVD), compact disk (CD), micro-move device and other disk storage medias, read-only storage (ROM), programmable read only memory (PROM), EPROM (EPROMS), electric erazable programmable is read-only deposits Reservoir (EEPROM), random access memory (RAMS), video RAM (VRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM) or it is suitable for any kind of medium or device of store instruction and/or data.

Certain embodiments of the present invention includes the method and system of parallel entropy code.Certain embodiments of the present invention is included simultaneously The method and system of row entropy decoding.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, scan pattern can be initialized at entropy tablet beginning.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, by the beginning of scan pattern at the starting elementary cell in row that can be in entropy tablet Beginningization.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, associated state will can be calculated with adaptive scanning at entropy tablet beginning Initialization.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, will be with adaptively sweeping at the starting elementary cell in row that can be in entropy tablet Retouch and calculate associated state initialization.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, coefficient scanning order and context acquisition order can be decoupled (decouple)。

In certain embodiments of the present invention, forward prediction B pieces can be detected, and can will be with entropy according to P pieces method Encode the associated context initialization of forward prediction B pieces.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, it can be counted based on Binary by context initialization.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, quantization parameter value can be based on by context initialization.

(a) receiving sheet in video decoders；

(b) whether identification piece is forward prediction B pieces or back forecast B pieces, and not forward and backward predicts B pieces two Person；

(c) P chip technologies are used by the context initialization associated with described.

According on the other hand, the identification only includes the back forecast B pieces.

According on the other hand, the identification is to be based on：(1) first list of identification reference picture has at least one The second list of mesh, (2) described first list and identification reference picture includes identical picture set, (3) described first list It will be shown with all pictures in the second list before current slice.

According on the other hand, the identification is to be based on：(1) first list of identification reference picture has at least one The second list of mesh, (2) described first list and identification reference picture includes identical picture set, (3) described first list It will be shown with all pictures in the second list after current slice.

According on the other hand, the identification is to be based on：(1) first list of identification reference picture has at least one The second list of mesh, (2) described first list and identification reference picture includes the figure of non-co-extensive (non-coextensive) Piece set, and the picture set of the non-co-extensive will be shown before current slice.

According on the other hand, the identification is to be based on：(1) first list of identification reference picture has at least one The second list of mesh, (2) described first list and identification reference picture includes the picture set of non-co-extensive, and the non-co- Picture set with extension will be shown after current slice.

According on the other hand, the identification is to be based on：(1) first list of identification reference picture has at least one The first reference picture in mesh, (2) described first list is identical with the second reference picture in second list, (3) described second The first reference picture in list is identical with the second reference picture in the first list, (4) described first list and identification The second list of reference picture includes the picture set of non-co-extensive, and the picture set of the non-co-extensive will be current It is shown before piece.

(a) receiving sheet in video decoders；

(b) whether identification piece is forward prediction B pieces；

(c) using different from being used for any one technology in B pieces, P pieces and I pieces come will be associated with described Context initialization.

The term and expression used in the foregoing specification is used herein as describing and unrestricted term, and It is not intended the equivalent with the feature or part thereof shown in excluding in the use of such term and expression, it should be recognized that It is that the scope of the present invention is only defined and limited by appended claim.

Claims

1. a kind of coding/decoding method, including：

The step of receiving sheet；

The step of receiving the mark for determining initial method corresponding with received piece；

Value at least based on the received sheet type of described and the mark, at the beginning of using the first initial method and second One of beginning method, a pair context adaptive binary arithmetic coding context corresponding with the sheet type is initialized The step of,

It is equal in the value that the sheet type is B sheet types and the mark in the case of 1, passes through the second initial method pair and institute The corresponding context adaptive binary arithmetic coding context of B sheet types is stated to be initialized；

It is equal in the value that the sheet type is B sheet types and the mark in the case of 0, passes through the first initial method pair and institute State the corresponding context adaptive binary arithmetic coding context of B sheet types to be initialized, wherein described first is initial Change method is used in the case where the value that the sheet type is P sheet types and the mark is equal to 1 pair relative with the P sheet types The context adaptive binary arithmetic coding context answered is initialized；And

It is equal in the value that the sheet type is P sheet types and the mark in the case of 0, passes through second initial method pair The context adaptive binary arithmetic coding context corresponding with the P sheet types is initialized.

2. coding/decoding method according to claim 1, wherein, in the case where the sheet type is I sheet types, using unfavorable The 3rd initial method determined with the received mark, it is adaptive to the context corresponding with the I sheet types Binary arithmetic coding context is answered to be initialized.

3. coding/decoding method according to claim 2, wherein, the 3rd initial method and first initial method And second initial method is different.

4. a kind of decoding apparatus, including：

Acceptance division, at least receiving sheet and the mark for determining initial method corresponding with described；With

Initialization section, at least value based on the received sheet type of described and the mark, use the first initialization side One of method and the second initial method, pair context adaptive binary arithmetic coding context corresponding with the sheet type Initialized,