CN103930682B - Pump installation - Google Patents
Pump installation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103930682B CN103930682B CN201380001163.5A CN201380001163A CN103930682B CN 103930682 B CN103930682 B CN 103930682B CN 201380001163 A CN201380001163 A CN 201380001163A CN 103930682 B CN103930682 B CN 103930682B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- pump installation
- pump
- elastic
- pipeline
- guiding tube
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/08—Sealings
- F04D29/086—Sealings especially adapted for liquid pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/52—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
- F04D29/54—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
- F04D29/56—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers adjustable
- F04D29/566—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers adjustable specially adapted for liquid pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D19/00—Axial-flow pumps
- F04D19/02—Multi-stage pumps
- F04D19/028—Layout of fluid flow through the stages
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
- F04D25/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
- F04D25/0686—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven specially adapted for submerged use
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
- F04D29/669—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for liquid pumps
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of pump installation (2), it is co-axially mounted in pipeline (3), this pump installation (2) includes axial-flow pump or mixed-flow pump, described axial-flow pump or mixed-flow pump have the guiding tube (7) of the impeller portion layout around described pump installation (2), wherein, in installation site, gap (11) is formed between upper end (16) and the column pipeline (3) of the guiding tube (7) at export department (8) place of pump installation (2), it is characterized in that, guiding tube (7) has the elastic (12) being connected to its port of export, this elastic (12) can bend radially toward column pipeline (3), thus during the operating of pump installation (2) at least in part, completely seal off gap (11) especially.And, the present invention relates to one and include the pumping system (1) of pump installation (2).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pump installation and pumping system.
Background technology
In the case of must moving a large amount of water, such as, the flood discharge of flood district, typically use axial-flow pump or
Mixed-flow pump.These pumps may be provided with the motor of the power bracket from 10kW to 1MW, and these pumps
It is frequently placed at pipeline or the inside of column pipeline so that pipeline is co-axially around pump.Stylostome stage property
Vertically extend body.In one end of pipeline, pumping absorbs water, and in the other end of pipeline, pumping
Water, handling capacity is at 5m3/ min to 700m3The scope of/min, hoisting depth are between 2 meters to 9 meters
Water is pumped from.Such as, using the electrodynamic pump of 140kW power, hoisting depth is 3 meters, typically gulps down
The amount of telling can be 180m3/min。
These mammoth pumps consume substantial amounts of electric energy.Major part energy gives water to be pumped as energy, but
It is that part energy is due to the turbulent flow of water in the gap between guiding tube (spiral case) and the inwall of pipeline of pump
And lose.When water is through the end of guiding tube, it experiences unexpected diameter and changes (expansion) and rapids
Flow out existing, i.e. eddy current rotates along the direction in opposite direction with pumping in some cases.Depend on pipeline
And pump, this gap can be in the range of 40 millimeters to 80 millimeters.
But, in the pumping system of prior art, it is impossible to customization makes the diameter of guiding tube close to pipeline
The diameter of inwall, in order to close this gap and avoid turbulent flow.Do not use diameter close to the casting of the internal diameter of pipeline
The reason of ferrum guiding tube is, under weight pump between 2 to 10 tons typically must be via crane
It is put in pipeline, to 20 meters under Guan Zhongzhi.If coordinating too narrow, then make under pump by crane
Problem is will appear from during putting.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of pump installation and use the corresponding of such pump installation
Pumping system, according to this pump installation, it is to avoid the energy caused due to the turbulent flow in the output flow of the water of suction
Amount loss.
According to the present invention, this purpose is solved by pump installation and the pumping system of the present invention.The present invention's is preferred
Embodiment limit in present specification.
According to the present invention, it is provided that one is co-axially mounted in pipeline, is specifically arranged on column pipeline
In pump installation, this pump installation include axial-flow pump or mixed-flow pump, axial-flow pump or mixed-flow pump be respectively provided with around
The impeller portion of pump installation arranges and is preferably directed towards guiding tube and delivery side of pump portion or the port of export coning
The spiral case that broadens or guiding channel or guiding tube, wherein, in installation site, the port of export of guiding tube
And gap can be formed between surrounding conduit.Pipeline is the feelings of the column pipeline vertically extended around
Under condition, the port of export of guiding tube is upper end.The port of export of guiding tube has elastic, this elastic phase
Can be radially curved for the longitudinal axis i.e. rotation axis of pump installation.This means that elastic can be towards pipeline
Bending, thus during the operating of pump installation, completely enclose gap at least in part, especially.According to sending out
The port of export of bright structure, spiral case or guiding tube be manufactured into elasticity and can towards pipe inwall bend.
Therefore, when the gap between the inwall and guiding tube of pipeline reduces or even disappears, in the operating of pump
Period is when the fluid (specifically water) pump discharge near gap, the turbulent flow base that will usually occur
Reduce in basis or even avoid.The energy loss caused owing to avoiding the turbulent flow of gap location generation,
This makes pump more efficiently.Specifically, computer simulation and actual measure it has been shown that due to this
The structure of invention can realize the raising of energy efficiency and reach two percentage points.
According to preferred embodiment, elastic can be pumped in the hydraulic pressure pressure of the fluid of export department or the port of export
Power bends.
According to another preferred embodiment, when being placed on the operating of the pump of inner side of pipeline, elastic can be supported
The inwall bending of anti-pipeline around.But, it should be noted that elastic can be selected on She Ji along footpath
If to and the most fully deflect to contact inwall and fully sealing towards inwall or elastic
Close the amount of deflection in gap.Although totally-enclosed, there is best effect, but need not entirely to reduce turbulent flow
Close.Such as, the clearance ruler of 10mm to the 20mm between elastic and the inwall of pipeline expanded
Very little remaining able to reduces turbulent flow.According to example, 1 bar that has in column pipeline (is pressed relative to input
Power) the pump of maximum pressure can include being designed to the elastic of the 0.2 complete full-scale deflection of bar.
According to another preferred embodiment, elastic is also expandable.
Preferably, elastic is formed by the rubber ring of the port of export being separately mounted to spiral case or guiding tube.
In the axial edge of the guiding tube that elastic ring is preferably mounted in pump and flexible, the most inflatable.
By this structure, because ring prevents diameter from changing suddenly, turbulent flow is transformed into laminar flow.
If elastic can bend under the hydraulic pressure of at least 0.2 bar, then it is favourable.Specifically,
During passing through pump without flow or low discharge, because hydraulic coupling is low, so elastic is by indeformable.But
During higher flow and higher pressure, such as in 0.2 Palestine and Israel, or preferably 0.5 bar with
Between 5 bars, the hydraulic coupling component from the radial direction of the fluid of pumping causes ring by bend radially outward.This
The inwall of orientation column is extruded elastic by individual force component.Therefore, gap is closed, and prevents turbulent flow.
And, the wall of pipeline or post are preferably by iron and steel, plastics or concrete manufacture.
According to another preferred embodiment, the diameter of pipeline is between 300mm and 2500mm, excellent
Selection of land is between 500mm to 2200mm, and the such pipeline of size fit of pump.This meaning
, the diameter of pump installation is applicable to certain pipe diameter, or it is straight to be applicable to a range of pipeline
Footpath.But, the size of elastic depends on the concrete diameter of column pipeline.
Preferably, the height of elastic makes when placing the operating of pump in the duct, and elastic can connect
Touch the inwall of pipeline around.
It is further preferred that elastic is manufactured by elastomer (such as, rubber), specifically by butyronitrile rubber
Glue or ethylene propylene diene rubber or natural rubber are made, and this is owing to they have good grinding performance.
But, as long as flexible and flexible, and thousand of secondary bending can be born within the regular hour,
Then it is used as other materials.
The Shore hardness of elastic preferably can be in the range of 40 to 90, in order to have appropriate expansion
Coefficient.
According to another preferred embodiment, elastic has first axial end and relatively of neighbouring guiding tube
The second axial end, wherein elastic at the thickness of upper end less than lower end.When pump installation is arranged on
Time in the column pipeline vertically extended, the first axial end is upper end, and the second axial end is lower end.
Preferably, the inner surface of elastic follows the surface tracks (guiding tube angle) of guiding tube.In view of this,
In the case of not having or the least radial deflection occurs, elastic is not disturbed the stream of the most relatively low discharge
Dynamic.By making elastic have the thickness identical with guiding tube in the region contacted with guiding tube, be conducive to
Being mechanically fixed of ring.
According to another preferred embodiment, elastic is by glueing joint or by mechanical connection, specifically spiral shell
Nail or bolt, be connected to guiding tube.It can be to make rubber straight that another between guiding tube with elastic is connected
Connect sulfuration to guiding tube.
If elastic has two parts, specifically two half-units, each half portion has the shape of semicircular ring
Shape, is also advantageous.Alternatively, elastic can be a complete continuous print ring.Typically, ring will
It is arranged on the new pump of factory, but it is also possible for old pump carries out renovation improving.
And according to the present invention, it is provided that include pump installation as outlined above and the pump system of pipeline around
System, this pump installation is co-axially mounted in pipeline, is specifically arranged in column pipeline.
Accompanying drawing explanation
When reading the detailed description below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the features above of the present invention and advantage will become more
Add apparent.
Fig. 1 is the side view of pumping system according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the details of the pumping system shown in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 A-Fig. 3 D is the schematic diagram of the some flow situation on guiding tube with and without elastic.
Detailed description of the invention
Pumping system 1 includes pump installation 2, and in this case, pump installation 2 is arranged on column pipeline 3
The axial flow submersible pump at the center of the pipeline of form.Specifically, the longitudinal axis 4 of pump installation 2 and pipeline (
Be column pipeline 3 in the case of Gai) axis coaxial ground arrange.In the present invention, the implication of axial-flow pump
It is that impeller produces the pump axially flowed.The present invention also can perform by mixed-flow pump, and this mixed-flow pump uses extremely
Partially producing the impeller of Radial Flow, above-mentioned Radial Flow is respectively by spiral case or the guiding channel of surrounding
Or guiding tube deflects vertically.Therefore, mixed-flow pump is the combination of radial flow pump and axial-flow pump, or radial flow pump
Compromise with axial-flow pump.First axial end of pump installation 2 includes inlet portion 5, in this case,
One axial end is the lower end that water enters pump.Arrange in the inner side of pump case 6 and there is diffuser vane with axial
The impeller portion of impeller.And, pump installation 2 include spiral case or guiding tube 7, this spiral case or guiding tube towards
The export department 8 of pump installation 2 broadens conically.And, motor 10 is set, it can be via power supply
Cable 9,9 ' is energized.The port of export of guiding tube 7, in this case, for the export department 8 of pump installation 2
The upper end of the guiding tube at place is provided with elastic 12.As in the part that the circle in the left side of this accompanying drawing is surrounded
Can be particularly seen, there is between the inwall 13 of elastic 12 and column pipeline 3 gap 11.?
During the operating of pump installation 2, when fluid or water flow to export department 8 from inlet portion 5 by pump installation 2,
Hydraulic coupling radially outward deflects causing the elastic 12 inwall 13 towards column pipeline 3, in order to final
Contact inwall 13 closing gap 11.When gap 11 is closed, or the deflection by elastic 12
Although reduce its width, by minimizing or the most fully prevent the most recurrent turbulent flow.
But, when water leaves pump installation 2 at export department 8, will appear from laminar flow.Therefore, it is to avoid due to
The energy loss of the turbulent flow additionally occurred, and pump installation 2 can more effectively operate.
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the details of the pumping system 1 shown in Fig. 1, specifically, it is shown that guiding tube
Join domain between 7 and elastic 12.Guiding tube 7 and elastic 12 are by by guiding tube 7 and bullet
Two laps 14,14 ' in property portion 12 are glued together and are connected with each other.As can from this accompanying drawing
Seeing, elastic 12 has the first axial end, lower end 15, and it is directly adjacent to the upper end of guiding tube 7
16 and overlap, the thickness of this first axial end is more than axial the second end (top of elastic 12
17) thickness.The inner surface 18 of elastic 12 follows the surface tracks of guiding tube 7, and therefore,
When flow is relatively low and elastic 12 only primary deflector or when not deflecting, in the operating phase of pump installation 2
Between be not disturbed the flowing of fluid or water.
Fig. 3 A to Fig. 3 D is to be shown on guiding tube 7 the some flowing feelings with and without elastic 12
Four schematic diagrams of condition.Specifically, Fig. 3 A illustrates that pumping system 1, pumping system 1 have is not according to this
Bright pump installation 2 also has the guiding tube 7 without elastic 12, and guiding tube 7 is positioned in column pipeline 3.
Here, pump installation 2 does not operates, so there is no current at all.But, in figure 3b, and in Fig. 3 A
The identical pump installation 2 illustrated now in operating, wherein water by diffuser vane 20 rotation and from entering
Oral area 5 pumping is to export department 8.Gap 11 is formed between the inwall 13 and guiding tube 7 of column pipeline 3
Region will appear from turbulent flow 18.Another pumping system 1 is shown in fig. 3 c, itself and the pump shown in Fig. 3 A
The difference of system is, according to the present invention, elastic 12 is arranged at the upper end 16 of guiding tube 7.
When pump does not operates, as shown in FIG. 3 C, between inwall 13 and the elastic 12 of column pipeline 3 still
To there is gap 11.But, when pump installation 2 operates, as shown in fig.3d, flow to from inlet portion 5
The hydraulic coupling of the water of export department 8 will extrude elastic 12 to the inwall 13 of column pipeline 3 so that gap
11 will disappear.Therefore, replace that turbulent flow 18 occurs, will be laminar flow 19 in this region.
Claims (15)
1. a pump installation (2), it is co-axially mounted in pipeline (3), this pump installation (2)
Including axial-flow pump or mixed-flow pump, described axial-flow pump or mixed-flow pump have the leaf around described pump installation (2)
The guiding tube (7) that wheel portion arranges, it is characterised in that the port of export (16) tool of described guiding tube (7)
Flexible portion (12), described elastic (12) can bend radially outward direction.
Pump installation the most according to claim 1 (2), it is characterised in that described elastic (12)
Bend owing to being pumped into the hydraulic pressure of the fluid of export department (8).
Pump installation the most according to claim 1 (2), it is characterised in that when described pump installation (2)
During operating, described elastic (12) can be resisted the inwall (13) of the pipeline (3) of surrounding and be bent.
Pump installation the most according to claim 2 (2), it is characterised in that when described pump installation (2)
During operating, described elastic (12) can be resisted the inwall (13) of the pipeline (3) of surrounding and be bent.
5. according to the pump installation (2) described in any one in claim 1 to 4, it is characterised in that
Described elastic (12) can expand.
6. according to the pump installation (2) described in any one in claim 1 to 4, it is characterised in that
Described elastic (12) is formed by the elastic ring of the port of export (16) being arranged on described guiding tube (7).
7. according to the pump installation (2) described in any one in claim 1 to 4, it is characterised in that
Described elastic (12) can bend under the hydraulic pressure of at least 0.2 bar.
8. according to the pump installation (2) described in any one in claim 1 to 4, it is characterised in that
The external diameter of pump installation (2) makes described pump installation (2) to match to have 300mm to 2500mm
Between diameter pipeline in.
9. according to the pump installation (2) described in claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that described elastic
(12) height makes when described pump installation (2) operates, and described elastic can contact described pipe
The inwall (13) in road (3).
10. according to the pump installation (2) described in any one in claim 1 to 4, it is characterised in that
Described elastic (12) is made up of rubber, specifically by nitrile rubber or ethylene propylene diene rubber or sky
So rubber is made.
11. according to the pump installation (2) described in any one in claim 1 to 4, it is characterised in that
The Shore hardness of described elastic (12) is in the range of 40 to 90.
12. according to the pump installation (2) described in any one in claim 1 to 4, it is characterised in that
Described elastic (12) has first axial end (15) and relatively of neighbouring described guiding tube (7)
The second end (17), the thickness of the described elastic (12) at wherein said second end (17) place is less than
The thickness of the described elastic at described first axial end (15) place.
13. according to the pump installation (2) described in any one in claim 1 to 4, it is characterised in that
Described elastic (12) is by glueing joint or being connected to described guiding tube (7), described machine
Tool connects in particular screw or bolt.
14. according to the pump installation (2) described in any one in claim 1 to 4, it is characterised in that
Described elastic (12) has two parts, specifically two half-units.
15. 1 kinds include the pump installation (2) with the feature of any one in claim 1 to 14 with
And the pumping system (1) of pipeline (3) around, described pump installation (2) is co-axially mounted on described pipe
In road (3).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP12184888.1 | 2012-09-18 | ||
| EP12184888 | 2012-09-18 | ||
| PCT/EP2013/061204 WO2014044422A1 (en) | 2012-09-18 | 2013-05-30 | Pump device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103930682A CN103930682A (en) | 2014-07-16 |
| CN103930682B true CN103930682B (en) | 2016-08-17 |
Family
ID=46970032
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201380001163.5A Active CN103930682B (en) | 2012-09-18 | 2013-05-30 | Pump installation |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20150233383A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2898220B1 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101727655B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN103930682B (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2597382C1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2014044422A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113107855B (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2022-12-30 | 济宁安泰矿山设备制造有限公司 | Radial clearance adjusting structure and method and emergency drainage pump |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1121319A (en) * | 1955-03-24 | 1956-08-08 | Elektr App Spring Fab | Motor pump inserted in a pipe |
| GB1522468A (en) * | 1976-05-07 | 1978-08-23 | Sundstrand Corp | Variable output centrifugal pump |
| EP2378127A2 (en) * | 2010-04-16 | 2011-10-19 | KSB Aktiengesellschaft | Flow guiding component with pump and fitting |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1578843A (en) * | 1919-07-03 | 1926-03-30 | Moody Leweis Ferry | Pump and method of regulating the same |
| US1398450A (en) * | 1920-06-24 | 1921-11-29 | Tinney James Robert | Pump |
| SU477259A1 (en) * | 1970-07-15 | 1975-07-15 | Грузинский Научно-Исследовательский Институт Гидротехники И Мелиорации | Device for adjusting the radial clearance |
| US4976446A (en) * | 1988-07-21 | 1990-12-11 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Reactor coolant pump auxiliary seal for reactor coolant system vacuum degasification |
| JPH08226397A (en) * | 1995-02-20 | 1996-09-03 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Device for reducing shaft power of mixed flow pump or axial flow pump |
| JP2001012780A (en) * | 1999-06-28 | 2001-01-19 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Tunnel ventilation fan |
| JP2001355592A (en) * | 2000-06-12 | 2001-12-26 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Mixed flow pump of high specific speed |
| JP5311675B2 (en) * | 2010-01-22 | 2013-10-09 | 日本ピラー工業株式会社 | Seal for submersible pump |
| KR101006925B1 (en) * | 2010-10-14 | 2011-01-10 | (주)대한중전기 | A apparatus for sludge removing of pump |
-
2013
- 2013-05-30 EP EP13725717.6A patent/EP2898220B1/en active Active
- 2013-05-30 RU RU2015114137/06A patent/RU2597382C1/en active
- 2013-05-30 CN CN201380001163.5A patent/CN103930682B/en active Active
- 2013-05-30 KR KR1020137021271A patent/KR101727655B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2013-05-30 US US14/429,038 patent/US20150233383A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-05-30 WO PCT/EP2013/061204 patent/WO2014044422A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1121319A (en) * | 1955-03-24 | 1956-08-08 | Elektr App Spring Fab | Motor pump inserted in a pipe |
| GB1522468A (en) * | 1976-05-07 | 1978-08-23 | Sundstrand Corp | Variable output centrifugal pump |
| EP2378127A2 (en) * | 2010-04-16 | 2011-10-19 | KSB Aktiengesellschaft | Flow guiding component with pump and fitting |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| RU2597382C1 (en) | 2016-09-10 |
| EP2898220A1 (en) | 2015-07-29 |
| CN103930682A (en) | 2014-07-16 |
| KR101727655B1 (en) | 2017-05-02 |
| EP2898220B1 (en) | 2016-11-30 |
| US20150233383A1 (en) | 2015-08-20 |
| KR20150032144A (en) | 2015-03-25 |
| WO2014044422A1 (en) | 2014-03-27 |
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| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |