CN103928831A - Dot matrix output solid laser based on Dammann grating - Google Patents
Dot matrix output solid laser based on Dammann grating Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a dot matrix output solid laser based on a Dammannn grating. The laser sequentially comprises a laser pumping source, a collimating lens, the dot matrix Dammann grating, a focusing lens, a laser medium and an output mirror on a laser path. The output end of the laser pumping source is placed on an object space focal point of the collimating lens, the working wavelength of the dot matrix Dammann grating is the central wavelength of the pumping light, the dot matrix Dammann grating is placed between the collimating lens and the focusing lens, and the front surface of the laser medium is plated with double-color film which fully reflects lasers and has an anti-reflection effect on the pumping light, the rear surface of the laser medium serving as a front endoscope of the laser and is plated with a laser anti-reflection film, the output mirror is plated with a laser partial-transmission film, and the output mirror and the front surface of the laser medium form a laser resonant cavity. According to the dot matrix output solid laser, only one laser pump source is used, a collimating and focusing coupling system is used for performing dot matrix pumping on the laser medium, and the dot matrix output solid laser has the advantages of being simple and compact in structure and easy to obtain.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to solid state laser, particularly a kind of dot matrix output solid state laser based on Darman raster.
Background technology
In recent years, the PM2.5 how occurring exceeds standard and haze weather has had a strong impact on city dweller's quality of life and healthy, and is the important sources of urban atmospheric pollution thing from take the exhaust emissions of the various types of vehicles that internal combustion engine is power.Improving fuel availability, reduce the discharge capacity of Tail Gas, be internal combustion engine urgent problem of new generation, but this has strengthened the igniting difficulty of internal combustion engine, and traditional electrical spark plug cannot meet the more demand of high performance internal combustion engine.Induced with laser spark ignition technology has many merits, and this technology, since being introduced in internal-combustion engine ignition, has been one of focus of research always.Induced with laser spark ignition technology almost can overcome all shortcomings of conventional ignition plug igniting: without electrode, do not have electrode erosion problem, ignition location can leave combustion chamber, and has the potentiality of multi-point spark.Multi-point spark can greatly shorten the fuel combustion time and can produce higher combustion pressure, thereby obtains higher engine efficiency, and can in the situation that certain a bit damages, still work on, and has improved the safety and reliability of internal combustion engine.Based on Laser Ignition Processes, the especially spark plug of multiple spot Laser Ignition Processes, both made the problems of traditional electrical plug ignition systems face be readily solved, can also increase substantially engine efficiency.
Current, there is several different methods can realize induced with laser multi-point spark.But the method adopting is all laser crystal to be carried out to the output that pumping obtains multiple laser with a plurality of pumping sources simultaneously, as the Japanese semiconductor laser with three optical fiber pigtails outputs pumping laser gain simultaneously crystal in 2011, nanosecond pulse (" Composite; all-ceramics, the high-peak power Nd:YAG/Cr that referring to people such as Nicolaie Pavel, deliver that three beams has high-peak power have been obtained
4+: YAG monolithic micro-laser with multiple-beam output for engine ignition, " < < Optics Express > > 19 (2011) 9378-9384); the weak point of the method is to use three road self-contained pump pumping systems to make laser structure relative complex, technology difficulty and production cost that also increase system is made.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of dot matrix output solid state laser, this laser only adopts a pumping source, use a set of collimation, focusing coupled system that the pump light of described pumping source output is coupled to laser medium with latticed form, there is simple and compact for structure and easy realization.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of dot matrix output solid state laser based on Darman raster, comprise pumping source, feature is that its formation is: at output pump direction, be the coupling collimating lens of same optical axis successively, Darman raster, coupling focusing lens, with heat sink gain medium and outgoing mirror, the output of described pumping source is positioned at described coupling collimating lens object focus, described gain medium is positioned at the rear focus of described coupling focusing lens, the front surface plating high-reflecting film of laser and the anti-reflection film of pump light of described gain medium, the anti-reflection film of the rear surface plating laser of this gain medium, described outgoing mirror and described gain medium front surface form laserresonator.
Described pumping source is semiconductor laser or other laser of coupling fiber output, and work centre wavelength mates with gain medium doping Ion Phase.
Described Darman raster has the operation wavelength of mating with gain medium doping Ion Phase, and its diffraction characteristic is selected according to actual needs: adopt 1 * 2 dot matrix, 2 * 2 dot matrix, 3 * 3 dot matrix Darman rasters, ┄ ┅ or N * N dot matrix.
Described gain medium is rear-earth-doped laser crystal, laser glass or laser ceramics.
Described outgoing mirror is level crossing or plano-concave mirror, and the part that is coated with signal laser is through film.
Described collimating lens is sphere or the non-spherical lens of a short focal length, and described condenser lens is spherical mirror or the aspherical mirror that focal length is more than or equal to collimating lens.
The solid state laser of dot matrix output of the present invention turns round as follows: the semiconductor laser as pumping source is launched pump light, after collimating lens, be similar to and be shaped as a branch of directional light, impinge perpendicularly on dot matrix Darman raster, pump light after Darman raster diffraction is divided into the multi beam collimated light beam of propagating with different off-axis angle directions, these collimated light beams incide condenser lens with different directions, form sharp-pointed dot matrix picture point in the focal plane of condenser lens.The pump light of the high-energy-density forming in condenser lens focal plane is as the pumping point of the solid state laser of dot matrix output, be used for pumping laser gain media, in the average chamber of gain medium input face and laser outgoing mirror formation, form dot matrix laser generation simultaneously, thereby produce continuous mode dot matrix Laser output.
In order to complete the second invention of the second object
A kind of passive Q regulation pulse solid state laser of dot matrix output, comprise pumping source laser, feature is that its formation is: at output pump direction, be the coupling collimating lens of same optical axis successively, Darman raster, coupling focusing lens, be added with heat sink gain medium, saturable absorber and outgoing mirror.The output of described pumping source is placed in described coupling collimating lens object focus place, described gain medium is positioned at the rear focus place of coupling focusing lens, the front surface plating laser high-reflecting film of described gain medium and pump light anti-reflection film are as front cavity mirror, the rear surface plating laser anti-reflection film of the gain media of this laser, before and after described saturable absorber, two sides is all coated with the counnter attack film of laser, and described outgoing mirror and gain medium front surface form laserresonator.
Described pumping source laser, the semiconductor laser or other pumping source lasers that comprise coupling fiber output, work centre wavelength mates with gain medium doping Ion Phase, for example, when adopting Nd ion doped laser medium, described pumping source laser works wavelength is 808nm, and when ytterbium ion laser medium is mixed in employing, described pumping source laser central task wavelength is 940nm.
Described Darman raster has the operation wavelength of mating with gain medium doping Ion Phase, its diffraction characteristic can be selected according to actual needs, for example can adopt 1 * 2 dot matrix, 2 * 2 dot matrix, 3 * 3 dot matrix Darman rasters, by that analogy, can extend to N * N dot matrix.
Described gain medium has the energy level matching with pump light emission spectra, can be rear-earth-doped laser crystal, laser glass or laser ceramics, comprise Nd ion doped, mix YAG crystal, glass or the pottery of ytterbium ion or er-doped ion, or cut or c cuts YVO for Nd ion doped, a that mixes ytterbium ion or er-doped ion
4crystal, gadolinium vanadate crystal etc.
Described outgoing mirror can be level crossing or plano-concave mirror, and is coated with signal laser partly through film.
Described collimating lens is short focal length sphere or a non-spherical lens, and described condenser lens is spherical mirror or the aspherical mirror that focal length is more than or equal to collimating lens.
Described gain medium is placed in the copper heat sink of water circulation refrigeration.
Described passive Q-adjusted device comprises the semiconductor device with saturable absorption characteristic.
The using method of the passively Q-switch solid-state laser device of described dot matrix output, be characterised in that the method is to utilize end pumped laser gain media, by regulation output mirror position, control the length of resonant cavity, or by regulating the position of gain medium to control pump light focus point in the position of laser crystal inside, or by changing the position of saturable absorption crystal and the size of suitable control pump power.Specifically comprise following three kinds of methods:
First method, in the situation that the position of outgoing mirror and saturable absorption crystal is all fixing, by regulate the position of laser gain crystal along optical axis direction, realize pump light focal spot in the inner diverse location of gain medium, suitably regulate pump power simultaneously, thereby obtain dot matrix pulse output;
Second method, at gain medium, fix and pump light focus is positioned near gain medium front surface and saturable absorption crystal positions fixedly in the situation that, by the position along optical axis regulation output mirror (cavity length change), suitably regulate pump power simultaneously, thereby obtain dot matrix pulse output;
The third method, at gain medium, fix and pump light focus is positioned near gain medium front surface and outgoing mirror position fixedly in the situation that, by regulate the position (cavity length is constant) of saturable absorption crystal along optical axis direction, suitably regulate pump power simultaneously, thereby obtain dot matrix pulse output.
Advantage of the present invention:
1. Darman raster is applied to solid state laser field, realizes effective combination of Darman raster and laser technique, can extend to N * N dot matrix pump technology, and its preparation is simple, can utilize conventional large-scale integration technology to process, and is convenient to industrialization
2. pumping source of a need, a set of collimation, focuses on coupled system and just can realize dot matrix Laser output, has advantages of simple in structure, compact and easily realization
3. in semiconductor pumped dot matrix laser, owing to having formed parallel multi-path laser vibration in a laser cavity, therefore different optical maser wavelength, polarization and pulse durations etc. along separate routes all to some extent difference maybe can carry out independent control to them, can effectively expand the range of application of end-face pump solid laser.
4. in dot matrix laser, have a plurality of vibrations region, laser medium gain region utilance is high, is conducive to high efficiency Laser output
5. semiconductor pumped dot matrix solid state laser has a plurality of pumping points, crystal heat distribution in pumping process is more even, the stronger thermal lensing effect that while having avoided single beam pumping, high power pump light causes, therefore can effectively reduce the demand of laser crystal to cooling system
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the general frame of the light channel structure of first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the general frame of the light channel structure of second embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the invention will be further described, but should not limit the scope of the invention with this.
First embodiment of the invention
First refer to Fig. 1, the general frame of the light channel structure that Fig. 1 is first embodiment of the invention.As seen from the figure, dot matrix output solid state laser of the present invention, comprise pumping source 1, its formation is: the pump direction in pumping source 1 output is the coupling collimating lens 2 of same optical axis successively, Darman raster 3, coupling focusing lens 4, gain medium 5 and outgoing mirror 6, described gain medium 5 is positioned at the rear focus place of coupling focusing lens 4, the front surface plating laser highly reflecting films of described gain medium 5 and pump light anti-reflection film are as front cavity mirror, the rear surface plating laser anti-reflection film of the gain media 5 of this laser, described outgoing mirror 6 and gain medium 5 front surfaces form laserresonator.Described gain medium 5, outgoing mirror 6 all have the governor motion moving along described optical axis direction.
In this invention, Darman raster 3 is as beam splitter, what selected Darman raster 3 can be for one dimension or two dimension, according to the number of needed light beam, select corresponding grating array.Select this beam splitter, the good uniformity of light beam not only, and also simple in structure, easy to operate.
Darman raster 3 is as a kind of phase grating, general phase place is 0 or π, and whether fixing the phase place breakover point length in each cycle is, but determined by special aperture function.It is equally distributed hot spot dot matrix that the Darman raster 3 with this feature can make the monochromatic light of incident at focal argon laser gain media 5 places, produce light intensity through coupling focusing lens 4, gain through gain medium 5 is amplified, vibration back and forth in resonant cavity, thereby the output of acquisition dot matrix laser.
First utilize coordinate target screen to collimate to pump light source 1,1 while of pump light source is as the excitation source of collimated light source and device.Utilize the coupling collimating lens 2 in the 1 pair of light path of pump light source collimating, Darman raster 3, coupling focusing lens 4 is carried out common optical axis adjusting.Regulate level, the luffing angle of coupling collimating lens 2 and coupling focusing lens 4, make to only have the level time needing to incide on gain medium 5.To be contained in gain medium 5 on heat sink and be placed on the focus place of coupling focusing lens, the hot spot now inciding on gain medium is minimum, and optical intensity density is maximum.After gain medium 5, put the outgoing mirror on three-dimensional trim holder.
The design parameter of the embodiment of the present invention below:
1, the Nd-doped yttrium vanadate crystal that gain medium 5 is wherein cut for a, neodymium ion doped concentration is 1at.%, specifically be of a size of long l=3mm, wide w=5mm, high d=5mm, front end face plating 808nm is anti-reflection, 1064nm high-reflecting film (as front cavity mirror), rear end face plating 1064nm anti-reflection film.Crystal is placed in the copper heat sink of water circulation refrigeration.
2, pumping source is the laser diode of coupling fiber tail optical fiber output.Tail optical fiber core diameter is 200um, and numerical aperture is 0.22, and emission wavelength is 808nm, is continuous pumping.
3, end face coupled system comprises coupling collimating lens 2, coupling focusing lens 4.The long 20mm, 35mm of being respectively of Jiao of lens.Pumping source output is placed on the object focus place of coupling collimating lens 2, the rear focus place of crystal 5 front surfaces in coupling focusing lens 4.
4, Darman raster 3 is 2 * 2 grating lattices.
5, outgoing mirror 6 is level crossing, in the transmissivity of 1064 wavelength, is 10%.
In the present embodiment, device is regulated and obtains dot matrix continuous wave output:
(1) fixing at outgoing mirror and coupling focusing lens distance, both distances are 42mm, by regulate the position of laser gain crystal along optical axis, when the distance of crystal front surface and coupling focusing lens is between 35mm-38mm, regulate pump power simultaneously within the scope of 3W-5.5W, can obtain dot matrix continuous wave output.
(2) crystal front surface is fixed on the position apart from coupling focusing lens 36mm, by the position along optical axis direction regulation output mirror, when cavity length 6mm is between 15mm time, regulates pump power within the scope of 3W-5.5W, can obtain dot matrix continuous wave output.
Be the present embodiment Output rusults below:
Obtain four essentially identical continuous light beams of power, when crystal front surface is 36mm apart from lens distance, resonant cavity is long for 7mm, when pump power is 5.39W, can obtain the power output of 599mw.
The second inventive embodiment
First refer to Fig. 2, the general frame of the light channel structure that Fig. 2 is second embodiment of the invention.The present embodiment is as passive Q-adjusted element, to obtain good beam quality with saturable absorber 7, the method for the dot matrix pulse output that peak power is high.Roughly the same with the solid state laser structure in the first embodiment, difference is to add the saturable absorber 7 with the governor motion moving along described optical axis direction between gain medium 5 and outgoing mirror 6.Described saturable absorber 7 two sides, front and back are all coated with the counnter attack film of laser.
It is equally distributed hot spot dot matrix that Darman raster 3 makes the monochromatic light of incident at focal argon laser gain media 5 places, produce light intensity through coupling focusing lens 4, through the gain of gain medium 5, has amplified and has incided on saturable absorber 7.7 pairs of optical maser wavelengths of saturable absorber have very high absorptivity, and it stops the generation of laser generation when starting most.Along with the increase of gain at pumping pulse device, when energy density reaches a certain very high value, saturable absorber 7 quilts " bleaching ", and the very high transmissivity of generation, changed the loss of light in chamber, Q switching is opened, the state of laserresonator in Output of laser, and the output of acquisition dot matrix pulse.
First utilize coordinate target screen to collimate to pump light source 1,1 while of pump light source is as the excitation source of collimated light source and device.Utilize the coupling collimating lens 2 in the 1 pair of light path of pump light source collimating, Darman raster 3, coupling focusing lens 4 is carried out common optical axis adjusting.Regulate level, the luffing angle of coupling collimating lens 2 and coupling focusing lens 4, make to only have the level time needing to incide on gain medium 5.To be contained in gain medium 5 on heat sink and be placed on the focus place of coupling focusing lens, the hot spot now inciding on gain medium is minimum, and optical intensity density is maximum.After gain medium 5, put successively saturable absorption crystal and outgoing mirror on three-dimensional trim holder.
The design parameter of the embodiment of the present invention below:
1, the Nd-doped yttrium vanadate crystal that gain medium 5 is wherein cut for a, neodymium ion doped concentration is 1at.%, specifically be of a size of long l=3mm, wide w=5mm, high d=5mm, front end face plating 808nm is anti-reflection, 1064nm high-reflecting film (as front cavity mirror), rear end face plating 1064nm anti-reflection film.Crystal is placed in the copper heat sink of water circulation refrigeration.
2, pumping source is the laser diode of coupling fiber tail optical fiber output.Tail optical fiber core diameter is 200um, and numerical aperture is 0.22, and emission wavelength is 808nm, is continuous pumping.
3, end face coupled system comprises coupling collimating lens 2, coupling focusing lens 4.The long 20mm, 35mm of being respectively of Jiao of lens.Pumping source output is placed on the object focus place of coupling collimating lens 2, the rear focus place of crystal 5 front surfaces in coupling focusing lens 4.
4, Darman raster 3 is 2 * 2 grating lattices.
5, saturable absorption crystal 7 is Cr
4+: YAG, initial transmission is 95%.
6, outgoing mirror 6 is level crossing, in the transmissivity of 1064 wavelength, is 10%.
In the present embodiment, device is regulated and obtains dot matrix pulse output:
(1) fixing at outgoing mirror and coupling focusing lens distance, both distances are 48mm, the distance of saturable absorption crystal and outgoing mirror is fixed, both distances are 8mm, by regulate the position of laser gain crystal along optical axis, when the distance of crystal front surface and coupling focusing lens is between 35mm-38mm, regulate pump power within the scope of 5W-7.5W simultaneously, can obtain dot matrix pulse output.
(2) crystal front surface is fixed on the position apart from coupling focusing lens 36mm, the position of saturable absorption crystal and crystal front surface is fixed, for 5mm, by the position along optical axis direction regulation output mirror, when cavity length 12mm is between 14mm time, regulate pump power within the scope of 5W-7.5W, can obtain dot matrix pulse output.
(3) crystal front surface is fixed on the position apart from coupling focusing lens 36mm, cavity length is 13mm, by regulating saturable absorption crystal apart from the position of outgoing mirror along optical axis, when both distances are 9mm between 6mm time, regulate pump power within the scope of 5W-7.5W, can obtain dot matrix pulse output.
Be the present embodiment Output rusults below:
Obtain four essentially identical pulsed light beams of power, when crystal front surface is 36mm apart from lens distance, resonant cavity is long is 13mm, saturable absorption crystal is 8mm apart from outgoing mirror, when pump power is 7.4W, can obtain the power output of 366mw, repeat power and be approximately 280MHZ, pulse duration is about four pulse lasers of 250ns.
In sum, the present invention has simplicity of design, and controllability is strong, only introduces Darman raster and just can obtain dot matrix output.Volume is little, and cost is low, uses very simple.
Claims (7)
1. the dot matrix output solid state laser based on Darman raster, comprise pumping source (1), be characterised in that its formation is: at output pump direction, be the coupling collimating lens (2) of same optical axis successively, Darman raster (3), coupling focusing lens (4), with heat sink gain medium (5) and outgoing mirror (6), the output of described pumping source is positioned at described coupling collimating lens object focus, described gain medium is positioned at the rear focus of described coupling focusing lens, the front surface plating high-reflecting film of laser and the anti-reflection film of pump light of described gain medium, the anti-reflection film of the rear surface plating laser of this gain medium, described outgoing mirror and described gain medium front surface form laserresonator.
2. the dot matrix output solid state laser based on Darman raster according to claim 1, is characterized in that described pumping source is semiconductor laser or other laser of coupling fiber output, and work centre wavelength mates with gain medium doping Ion Phase.
3. the dot matrix output solid state laser based on Darman raster according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described Darman raster has the operation wavelength of mating with gain medium doping Ion Phase, its diffraction characteristic is selected according to actual needs: adopt 1 * 2 dot matrix, 2 * 2 dot matrix, 3 * 3 dot matrix Darman rasters, ┄ ┅ or N * N dot matrix.
4. the dot matrix output solid state laser based on Darman raster according to claim 1, is characterized in that described gain medium is rear-earth-doped laser crystal, laser glass or laser ceramics.
5. dot matrix output all solid state laser according to claim 1, is characterized in that described outgoing mirror is level crossing or plano-concave mirror, and the part that is coated with signal laser is through film.
6. the dot matrix output solid state laser based on Darman raster according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described collimating lens is sphere or the non-spherical lens of a short focal length, described condenser lens is spherical mirror or the aspherical mirror that focal length is more than or equal to collimating lens.
7. according to the dot matrix output solid state laser based on Darman raster described in claim 1 to 6 any one, it is characterized in that between described gain medium and outgoing mirror, also having saturable absorber.
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| CN104538824A (en) * | 2015-01-15 | 2015-04-22 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Device and method for utilizing microlens array for outputting multi-beam pulse laser |
| CN104734002A (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2015-06-24 | 无锡亮源激光技术有限公司 | Matrix dot light spot laser system |
| CN105428989A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-03-23 | 山东神戎电子股份有限公司 | Method and device for improving passive Q-switched pulse time stability |
| CN106093911A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-11-09 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of dot matrix emitting-receiving system for Non-scanning mode laser imaging |
| CN107123924A (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2017-09-01 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | The laser of multiple beam output |
| CN107876968A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-04-06 | 英诺激光科技股份有限公司 | A kind of laser process equipment for parallel processing |
| CN109507688A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2019-03-22 | 清华大学 | A kind of laser beam emitting device, laser radar detection device and method |
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| CN111313221A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-06-19 | 长春理工大学 | Laser for directly generating double-path coherent light |
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| CN104538824A (en) * | 2015-01-15 | 2015-04-22 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Device and method for utilizing microlens array for outputting multi-beam pulse laser |
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| CN110112654A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-08-09 | 长春中科长光时空光电技术有限公司 | A kind of vertical cavity semiconductor optical amplifier and optical amplification system |
| CN111313221A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-06-19 | 长春理工大学 | Laser for directly generating double-path coherent light |
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