CN103924142A - Magnesium alloy and preparing method thereof - Google Patents
Magnesium alloy and preparing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103924142A CN103924142A CN201410195916.7A CN201410195916A CN103924142A CN 103924142 A CN103924142 A CN 103924142A CN 201410195916 A CN201410195916 A CN 201410195916A CN 103924142 A CN103924142 A CN 103924142A
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Abstract
The invention provides magnesium alloy. The magnesium alloy comprises, by weight, 6% to 9% of aluminum, 3% to 6% of tin, 0 to 3% of zinc, a few impurities and the balance magnesium. Due to the fact that the largest additive amount of the tin is 6wt%, compared with existing magnesium alloy with the high tin content, the tin content of the magnesium alloy is smaller. The magnesium alloy only has the aluminum, the tin, the zinc and the magnesium and the largest additive amount of the tin is only 6wt%, so that compared with the existing magnesium alloy with the high tin content, and the tin content of the magnesium alloy is smaller. Tests show that compared with the existing other magnesium alloy with the similar high tin content, the strength of the magnesium alloy composed of the constituents is remarkably increased, and therefore the purpose of the magnesium alloy strength increase is further achieved on the premise that low cost is guaranteed. The invention further provides a preparing method of the magnesium alloy and the method is used for preparing the magnesium alloy composed of the constituents.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to magnesium alloy preparing technical field, more particularly, relate to a kind of magnesium alloy, the invention still further relates to a kind of preparation method of magnesium alloy.
Background technology
Magnesium alloy is the lightest structural metallic materials in engineering application, in fields such as automotive light weight technology, 3C Product and aerospace, is with a wide range of applications.Yet the at present application of magnesium alloy is mainly confined to cast article, the wrought magnesium alloys with high added value is owing to being subject to processing that cost is high, absolute strength is low and the impact of the factor such as poor ductility does not obtain industrialization and produces and promote on a large scale.
By adding other alloying elements and carry out suitable thermal treatment and be out of shape the intensity that can improve magnesium alloy in magnesium.What in distortion high-strength magnesium alloy, add at present is mainly rare earth element, and the content that yield strength surpasses the deformable rare earth magnesium alloy rare earth elements of 300MPa has all surpassed 7wt%, as the Mg-6Y-7Gd-0.5Zr of T5 state (yield strength 310MPa), the Mg-14Gd-0.5Zr of T6 state (yield strength 305MPa) etc.The high price of high rare-earth content and rare earth element has limited the application of deformable rare earth magnesium alloy, therefore will promote industrialization and the application of magnesium alloy, must exploitation not contain the high-strength magnesium alloy of rare earth element.
In recent years, the use of non-rare earth tin in magnesium alloy was subject to increasing attention, and research finds to add intensity and the high-temperature behavior that tin can improve magnesium alloy.For example, 260 ℃ of extruding, the Mg-9.88Sn-1.02Al-0.21Mn that extrusion ratio is 56:1 (wt%) alloy is through 525 ℃ of solution treatment 15 minutes, and the yield strength after 200 ℃ of peak value timeliness and tensile strength can reach 190MPa and 260MPa respectively; 250 ℃ of extruding, yield strength and the tensile strength of the Mg-9.8Sn-1.2Zn-1.0Al that extrusion ratio is 20:1 (wt%) alloy can reach 308MPa and 354MPa respectively; 150 ℃ of hot rollings, yield strength and the tensile strength of the Mg-7Sn-5Zn-2Al that amount of rolling is 90% (wt%) alloy can reach 318MPa and 373MPa respectively.The intensity of these alloys is associated metallographic ratio with traditional Mg-Al system and Mg-Zn and is significantly improved.For example, but it still exists tin addition too much (in above-mentioned several magnesium alloy, the content of tin is all not less than 7wt%) to cause cost to raise, and compare the problems such as intensity difference distance is larger with magnesium-rare earth.
Therefore, how guaranteeing further to increase the intensity of magnesium alloy under prerequisite cheaply, be, current those skilled in the art's problem demanding prompt solution.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of magnesium alloy, it can guarantee cheaply, under prerequisite, further to increase the intensity of magnesium alloy.The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of this magnesium alloy.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme:
A magnesium alloy, wherein, the weight percent of aluminium is 6%～9%, and the weight percent of tin is 3%～6%, and the weight percent of zinc is 0～3%, except occasionally depositing surplus impurity, is magnesium.
A preparation method for magnesium alloy, it is for the preparation of magnesium alloy described above, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) by crucible heating to 300 ℃～320 ℃, add wherein magnesium, and pass into as the CO2 of shielding gas and the mixed gas of SF6 in described crucible;
2) to described crucible proceed heating, after magnesium melts completely, in described crucible, add aluminium, zinc and the tin through 150 ℃ of preheatings, then stir 5 minutes～10 minutes, afterwards by the magnesium alloy solution-cast obtaining in mould;
3) ingot casting that obtains is first incubated to 18 hours in the environment of 300 ℃, and then is incubated 10 hours in the environment of 400 ℃, then ingot casting is put in the water of 70 ℃ and quenched;
4) ingot casting is carried out to extrusion process, obtain the bar of magnesium alloy;
5) bar obtaining is incubated to 1 hour in the environment of 400 ℃, then bar is put in the water of room temperature and quenched, after quenching completes, bar is carried out in the environment of 200 ℃ to ageing treatment, make the hardness of bar reach peak hardness, the preparation manipulation of magnesium alloy completes.
Preferably, in the preparation method of above-mentioned magnesium alloy, step 4) extrusion process in is specially: ingot casting turning is processed into the billet that diameter is 80mm, and by billet preheating 1 hour～1.5 hours under the environment of 380 ℃～400 ℃, then at extrusion temperature, it is 400 ℃, extrusion ratio is 25:1, under the condition that extrusion speed is 1m/min～1.2m/min, billet is carried out to extrusion operation.
Preferably, in the preparation method of above-mentioned magnesium alloy, step 1) in, before described crucible heats, the maximum heating temperature that presets described crucible is 720 ℃～730 ℃.
Preferably, in the preparation method of above-mentioned magnesium alloy, step 1) in, in shielding gas, the volume ratio of CO2 and SF6 is 10:1.
Preferably, in the preparation method of above-mentioned magnesium alloy, in step 1) and step 2 in, to the magnesium, the aluminum and zinc that successively add in described crucible, be respectively pure magnesium metal, pure aluminum metal and pure zinc metal.
Preferably, in the preparation method of above-mentioned magnesium alloy, in step 2) in, to the tin adding in described crucible, be pure tin metal or magnesium tin master alloy.
Preferably, in the preparation method of above-mentioned magnesium alloy, in step 2) in, in described crucible, add aluminium, zinc and tin after 5 minutes, then carry out stirring operation.
Preferably, in the preparation method of above-mentioned magnesium alloy, in step 3) and step 5) in equipment that ingot casting and bar are incubated be respectively retort furnace.
Preferably, in the preparation method of above-mentioned magnesium alloy, the equipment that described bar is carried out to ageing treatment is oil bath pan.
In magnesium alloy provided by the invention, only contain aluminium, tin, zinc and magnesium, wherein, the weight percent of aluminium is 6%～9%, and the weight percent of tin is 3%～6%, and the weight percent of zinc is 0～3%, except occasionally depositing surplus impurity, is magnesium.And, by test, can draw, other magnesium alloy close with existing stanniferous amount are compared, and the intensity of the magnesium alloy consisting of mentioned component enlarges markedly, thereby realized, is guaranteeing under prerequisite, further to increase the object of magnesium alloy strength cheaply.The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of magnesium alloy, for the preparation of the magnesium alloy consisting of mentioned component.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or description of the Prior Art be briefly described below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, do not paying under the prerequisite of creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
The backscattered electron image (wherein white particles be Mg2Sn phase) of Mg-9Al-6Sn after solution treatment in the magnesium alloy that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The backscattered electron image (wherein white particles be Mg2Sn phase) of Mg-9Al-6Sn-3Zn after solution treatment in the magnesium alloy that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the stress strain curve figure of extruding Mg-9Al-6Sn-2Zn alloy;
Fig. 4 is the stress strain curve of peak value timeliness extruding Mg-9Al-6Sn-3Zn alloy;
The preparation method's of the magnesium alloy that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the present invention schema.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of magnesium alloy, it can guarantee cheaply, under prerequisite, further to increase the intensity of magnesium alloy.The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of this magnesium alloy.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Embodiment based in the present invention, those of ordinary skills, not making the every other embodiment obtaining under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The object of the invention is by adding non-rare earth aluminium, tin and zinc in magnesium aluminum series alloy cheaply, and prepare a kind of low cost, high-strength wrought magnesium alloys in conjunction with techniques such as suitable thermal treatment and extruding, the maximum intensity of this magnesium alloy is better than other stanniferous non-magnesium-rare earths of current bibliographical information.
As Figure 1-Figure 4, the magnesium alloy that embodiment of the present invention provides, wherein, in this magnesium alloy, the weight percent of aluminium is 6%～9%, and the weight percent of tin is 3%～6%, and the weight percent of zinc is 0～3%, except occasionally depositing surplus impurity, is magnesium.
In above-mentioned magnesium alloy, only contain aluminium, tin, zinc and magnesium, wherein, the weight percent of aluminium is 6%～9%, and the weight percent of tin is 3%～6%, and the weight percent of zinc is 0～3%, except occasionally depositing surplus impurity, is magnesium.Because wherein the maximum addition of tin is only 6wt%, it is compared with existing stanniferous magnesium alloy, and its stanniferous amount still less.And, by test, can draw, other magnesium alloy close with existing stanniferous amount are compared, and the intensity of the magnesium alloy consisting of mentioned component enlarges markedly, thereby realized, is guaranteeing under prerequisite, further to increase the object of magnesium alloy strength cheaply.
As shown in Figure 5, the present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of magnesium alloy, and for the preparation of magnesium alloy described above, the method comprises the following steps:
S101, by crucible heating to 300 ℃～320 ℃, add wherein magnesium, and pass into as the CO2 of shielding gas and the mixed gas of SF6 in crucible;
S102, to crucible proceed heating, after magnesium melts completely, in crucible, add aluminium, zinc and the tin through 150 ℃ of preheatings, then stir 5 minutes～10 minutes, afterwards by the magnesium alloy solution-cast obtaining in mould;
S103, the ingot casting that obtains is first incubated to 18 hours in the environment of 300 ℃, and then is incubated 10 hours in the environment of 400 ℃, then ingot casting is put in the water of 70 ℃ and quenched;
S104, ingot casting is carried out to extrusion process, obtain magnesium alloy rod;
S105, the bar obtaining is incubated to 1 hour in the environment of 400 ℃, then bar is put in the water of room temperature and quenched, after quenching completes, bar is carried out in the environment of 200 ℃ to ageing treatment, make the hardness of bar reach peak hardness, the preparation manipulation of magnesium alloy completes.Wherein, room temperature specifically refers to 25 ℃.
In aforesaid method, extrusion process in step S104 is specially: ingot casting turning is processed into the billet that diameter is 80mm, and by billet preheating 1 hour～1.5 hours under the environment of 380 ℃～400 ℃, then at extrusion temperature, it is 400 ℃, extrusion ratio is 25:1, under the condition that extrusion speed is 1m/min～1.2m/min, billet is carried out to extrusion operation.
In step S101, before crucible heats, the maximum heating temperature that presets crucible is 720 ℃～730 ℃.
In the process that magnesium heats in crucible, pass into the volume ratio of CO2 and SF6 in the shielding gas in crucible and be preferably 10:1.
In this operation, to the magnesium, the aluminum and zinc that successively add in crucible, be respectively pure magnesium metal, pure aluminum metal and pure zinc metal.And can be pure tin metal to the tin adding in crucible, can be also magnesium tin master alloy.
Concrete, in step S102, in crucible, add aluminium, zinc and tin after 5 minutes, then carry out stirring operation.
Preferably, the equipment respectively ingot casting and bar being incubated in step S103 and step S105 is retort furnace.
Further, the equipment that bar is carried out to ageing treatment is oil bath pan.
Embodiment 1:
The chemical composition of magnesium alloy (weight percent) is:
9% aluminium, 6% tin (or stanniferous amount be 30% magnesium tin master alloy), surplus is magnesium.
The melting of magnesium alloy and casting:
1) setting crucible temperature is 720 ℃～730 ℃, starts heating; Temperature in crucible adds pure magnesium while reaching 300 ℃～320 ℃; And pass into CO2 that volume ratio is 10:1 and the protection gas of SF6;
2) after pure magnesium melts completely, add successively fine aluminium and magnesium tin master alloy through preheating, after 5 minutes, add agitator, stir magnesium alloy solution 8～10 minutes;
3) draw out the surface scum of magnesium alloy solution, and by magnesium alloy solution-cast to the ingot casting that obtains magnesium alloy in swage tool.
Homogenizing is processed:
Ingot casting temperature with 300 ℃ in retort furnace is incubated to 18 hours, is then warmed up to 400 ℃ of insulations 10 hours, finally in 70 ℃ of warm water, quench.
Extruding:
Ingot casting after homogenizing is processed, is lathed the billet that diameter is 80mm, and in the environment of 390 ℃, preheating is 1 hour, at extrusion temperature, is 400 ℃, and extrusion ratio is 25:1, under the condition that extrusion speed is 1m/min～1.2m/min, prepares magnesium alloy rod.
By Mechanics Performance Testing, draw, the yield strength of this magnesium alloy is 274MPa, and tensile strength is 343MPa, unit elongation 5.1%.
Embodiment 2:
The chemical composition of magnesium alloy (weight percent) is:
9% aluminium, 6% tin (or stanniferous amount be 30% magnesium tin master alloy), 2% zinc, surplus is magnesium.
Magnesium alloy smelting and casting:
1) setting crucible temperature is 720 ℃～730 ℃, starts heating; Temperature in crucible adds pure magnesium while reaching 300 ℃～320 ℃; And pass into CO2 that volume ratio is 10:1 and the protection gas of SF6;
2) after pure magnesium melts completely, add successively fine aluminium, magnesium tin master alloy and pure zinc through preheating, after 5 minutes, add agitator, stir magnesium alloy solution 8-10 minute;
3) draw out the surface scum of magnesium alloy solution, and by magnesium alloy solution-cast to the ingot casting that obtains magnesium alloy in swage tool.
Homogenizing is processed:
Ingot casting temperature with 300 ℃ in retort furnace is incubated to 18 hours, is then warmed up to 400 ℃ of insulations 10 hours, finally in 70 ℃ of warm water, quench.
Extruding:
Ingot casting after homogenizing is processed, is lathed the billet that diameter is 80mm, and under the environment of 390 ℃, preheating is 1 hour, at extrusion temperature, is 400 ℃, and extrusion ratio is 25:1, under the condition that extrusion speed is 1m/min～1.2m/min, prepares magnesium alloy rod.
By Mechanics Performance Testing, draw, the yield strength of this magnesium alloy is 276MPa, and tensile strength is 360MPa, unit elongation 9.4%.
Embodiment 3:
The chemical composition of magnesium alloy (weight percent) is:
9% aluminium, 6% tin (or stanniferous amount be 30% magnesium tin master alloy), 3% zinc, surplus is magnesium.
The melting of magnesium alloy and casting:
1) setting crucible temperature is 720～730 ℃, starts heating; Temperature in crucible adds pure magnesium while reaching 300 ℃～320 ℃; And pass into CO2 that volume ratio is 10:1 and the protection gas of SF6;
2) after pure magnesium melts completely, add successively fine aluminium, magnesium tin master alloy and pure zinc through preheating, after 5 minutes, add agitator, stir magnesium alloy solution 8～10 minutes;
3) draw out the surface scum of magnesium alloy solution, and by magnesium alloy solution-cast to the ingot casting that obtains magnesium alloy in swage tool.
Homogenizing is processed:
Ingot casting temperature with 300 ℃ in retort furnace is incubated to 18 hours, is then warmed up to 400 ℃ of insulations 10 hours, finally in 70 ℃ of warm water, quench.
Extruding:
Ingot casting after homogenizing is processed, is lathed the billet that diameter is 80mm, and in the environment of 390 ℃, preheating is 1 hour, at extrusion temperature, is 400 ℃, and extrusion ratio is 25:1, under the condition that extrusion speed is 1m/min～1.2m/min, prepares magnesium alloy rod.
Solution treatment:
Magnesium alloy rod after extruding temperature with 400 ℃ in retort furnace is incubated to 1 hour, in room temperature water, quenches.
Ageing treatment:
Will be through the magnesium alloy rod of solution treatment, be placed in oil bath pan with the temperature ageing treatment of 200 ℃ 4 hours.
By Mechanics Performance Testing, draw, the yield strength of this magnesium alloy is 341MPa, and tensile strength is 409MPa, unit elongation 4%.
In this specification sheets, each embodiment adopts the mode of going forward one by one to describe, and each embodiment stresses is the difference with other embodiment, between each embodiment identical similar part mutually referring to.
Above-mentioned explanation to the disclosed embodiments, makes professional and technical personnel in the field can realize or use the present invention.To the multiple modification of these embodiment, will be apparent for those skilled in the art, General Principle as defined herein can, in the situation that not departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention, realize in other embodiments.Therefore, the present invention will can not be restricted to these embodiment shown in this article, but will meet the widest scope consistent with principle disclosed herein and features of novelty.
Claims (10)
1. a magnesium alloy, is characterized in that, in this magnesium alloy, the weight percent of aluminium is 6%～9%, and the weight percent of tin is 3%～6%, and the weight percent of zinc is 0～3%, except occasionally depositing surplus impurity, is magnesium.
2. a preparation method for magnesium alloy, is characterized in that, for the preparation of magnesium alloy claimed in claim 1, the method comprises the following steps:
1) by crucible heating to 300 ℃～320 ℃, add wherein magnesium, and pass into as the CO2 of shielding gas and the mixed gas of SF6 in described crucible;
2) to described crucible proceed heating, after magnesium melts completely, in described crucible, add aluminium, zinc and the tin through 150 ℃ of preheatings, then stir 5 minutes～10 minutes, afterwards by the magnesium alloy solution-cast obtaining in mould;
3) ingot casting that obtains is first incubated to 18 hours in the environment of 300 ℃, and then is incubated 10 hours in the environment of 400 ℃, then ingot casting is put in the water of 70 ℃ and quenched;
4) ingot casting is carried out to extrusion process, obtain the bar of magnesium alloy;
5) bar obtaining is incubated to 1 hour in the environment of 400 ℃, then bar is put in the water of room temperature and quenched, after quenching completes, bar is carried out in the environment of 200 ℃ to ageing treatment, make the hardness of bar reach peak hardness, the preparation manipulation of magnesium alloy completes.
3. the preparation method of magnesium alloy according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, step 4) extrusion process in is specially: ingot casting turning is processed into the billet that diameter is 80mm, and by billet preheating 1 hour～1.5 hours under the environment of 380 ℃～400 ℃, then at extrusion temperature, it is 400 ℃, extrusion ratio is 25:1, under the condition that extrusion speed is 1m/min～1.2m/min, billet is carried out to extrusion operation.
4. the preparation method of magnesium alloy according to claim 2, is characterized in that step 1) in before described crucible heats, the maximum heating temperature that presets described crucible is 720 ℃～730 ℃.
5. the preparation method of magnesium alloy according to claim 2, is characterized in that step 1) in, in shielding gas, the volume ratio of CO2 and SF6 is 10:1.
6. the preparation method of magnesium alloy according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in step 1) and step 2 in, to the magnesium, the aluminum and zinc that successively add in described crucible, be respectively pure magnesium metal, pure aluminum metal and pure zinc metal.
7. the preparation method of magnesium alloy according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in step 2) in, to the tin adding in described crucible, be pure tin metal or magnesium tin master alloy.
8. the preparation method of magnesium alloy according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in step 2) in, in described crucible, add aluminium, zinc and tin after 5 minutes, then carry out stirring operation.
9. the preparation method of magnesium alloy according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in step 3) and step 5) in equipment that ingot casting and bar are incubated be respectively retort furnace.
10. according to the preparation method of the magnesium alloy described in any one in claim 2-9, it is characterized in that, the equipment that described bar is carried out to ageing treatment is oil bath pan.
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| CN104388786A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-03-04 | 重庆大学 | High-strength high-plasticity Mg-Zn-Al-Sn magnesium alloy |
| CN106757276A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-05-31 | 西安工业大学 | A kind of Mg alloy surface has protection and decoration yellow ceramic layer and preparation method thereof concurrently |
| CN106834846A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-06-13 | 吉林大学 | A kind of multicomponent heat-resistant corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy and preparation method |
| CN107475651A (en) * | 2017-08-14 | 2017-12-15 | 重庆大学 | Magnesium alloy extrusion sectional die and its casting extrusion shearing method |
| CN107557706A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2018-01-09 | 河北工业大学 | A kind of processing method for improving magnesium alloy strength |
| CN107904464A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-04-13 | 任超 | A kind of high temperature resistant magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN108467981A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-08-31 | 烟台南山学院 | A kind of preparation method of magnesium alloy silk material |
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| CN106834846A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-06-13 | 吉林大学 | A kind of multicomponent heat-resistant corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy and preparation method |
| CN107475651A (en) * | 2017-08-14 | 2017-12-15 | 重庆大学 | Magnesium alloy extrusion sectional die and its casting extrusion shearing method |
| CN107557706A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2018-01-09 | 河北工业大学 | A kind of processing method for improving magnesium alloy strength |
| CN107557706B (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2019-05-21 | 河北工业大学 | A kind of processing method improving magnesium alloy strength |
| CN107904464A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-04-13 | 任超 | A kind of high temperature resistant magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN108467981A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-08-31 | 烟台南山学院 | A kind of preparation method of magnesium alloy silk material |
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| CN103924142B (en) | 2017-02-15 |
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