CN103909086A - Soil improvement agent and method for reducing heavy metal content in tea - Google Patents
Soil improvement agent and method for reducing heavy metal content in tea Download PDFInfo
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- CN103909086A CN103909086A CN201310005867.1A CN201310005867A CN103909086A CN 103909086 A CN103909086 A CN 103909086A CN 201310005867 A CN201310005867 A CN 201310005867A CN 103909086 A CN103909086 A CN 103909086A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soil improvement agent and a method for reducing heavy metal content in tea, and the soil improvement agent is characterized by comprising a product A and a product B; the product A comprises lime, illite powder and montmorillonite, and the product B comprises illite, montmorillonite and arbuscular mycorrhizal mixed lime, clay mineral and arbuscular mycorrhiza(AM). The soil improvement agent can effectively alleviate the tea garden soil acidification, reduces the exchangeable heavy metal content, hinders entering of heavy metals into the tea, enhances the ability of anti heavy metal toxicity of tea trees, promotes the absorption of nutrients of the tea trees, and improves the tea yield. After 3 to 6 months of repair, copper, lead, cadmium and soil pH value of acidified tea garden soil suffered from the heavy metal pollution can satisfy the requirements of secondary standards of ''China soil environmental quality standard'' (GB15618-1995), the tea produced in the improved soil can reach the ''pollution-free tea hygiene standards'', and the tea yield is increased by 18-27%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Environmental Technology and soil remediation field, be specifically related to a kind of modifying agent and method for combined pollution Iron Guanyin planting soil.
Background technology
Soil is the basis of growth of tea plant, and for obtaining the non-polluted tea of high yield and high quality, soil property and the quality in tea place are most important.Tea garden soil pollutes and mainly concentrates on soil acidification and content of beary metal and exceed standard etc., and wherein the acidifying meeting of soil strengthens the animal migration of heavy metal, has increased the risk of heavy metal to enrichment in tealeaves.At present, the strategy of administering heavy metal pollution of soil mainly contains two kinds: the one, and removal heavy metal from soil; The 2nd, change heavy metal and have a form in soil, it is fixed, reduce its animal migration and biological effectiveness in environment.Wherein, a kind of method taked of strategy has phytoremediation, electrodynamics repairing method, leaching method etc., can more thorough removal heavy metal, but expense is high, and difficulty is larger, be often difficult to carry out, and the heavy metal of removing exists the series of problems such as post processing; The second strategy is the passivation of heavy metal, as Vitrification and mineral deactivation method, can not thoroughly remove heavy metal pollution of soil, in the time that external condition changes, may cause secondary pollution.The patent of invention CN201110110401.9-" a kind of ELUTION METHOD of restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal " of Hu Xiaojun etc., can effectively reduce the content of heavy metal in soil, but there is the danger of polluted underground water, there is collection and treatment difficulty and the residual problem of leacheate simultaneously, operating difficulties, disposal cost is high.The patent of invention CN201210000965.1 " a kind of Novel method for remedying heavy-metal contaminated soil with electrodynamics " of Liu Hanqiao etc., utilize electric energy to drive heavy metal directional migration to realize and remove, but energy consumption is very high, only applicable small size pollutes, and scene is not easy to operate, do not meet China's application actual.Thereby, fixing heavy metal, reduce its animal migration in environment and biological effectiveness its have that repair time is short, expense is low, the feature such as applied widely, successful, relatively tally with the national condition.
In view of China's clay mineral possesses the advantages such as resource abundant species, distribution is wide, reserves are large and cheap, and the special crystal structure of clay mineral is given its many excellent specific property, as there is specific area and surface can be large, porosity is large, cation exchange capacity (CEC) is high, can effectively adsorb the heavy metals such as Cd, Pb, Cu, suppress heavy metal in soil activity, be the heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent that many researchers pay close attention in recent years.Hang little Shuai etc. point out, in heavy-metal contaminated soil, heavy metal ion and the complex compound thereof of the soil colloid adsorption band opposite charges take clay mineral as main body, reduced exchange state heavy metal ratio in soil, thereby reduced activity and the mobility of heavy metal pollutants in soil.In addition, clay mineral is the adsorbable exchangeability ion of layer inner surface not only, but also can, by the lattice structure of interlayer, it being fixed heavy metal cation sticking, alleviate
The harmfulness of heavy metal pollutants.The clay mineral that is usually used in repairing heavy metal in soil pollution has: montmorillonite, attapulgite, zeolite, kaolinite, sepiolite, vermiculite and illite etc.The factor that affects Remediation of heavy metal contaminated soils using clay minerals comprises: basic structure and the type of (1) clay mineral.(2) consumption of clay mineral.(3) heavy metal kind, concentration and form.(4) medium pH.(5) factor such as heavy metallic oxide, organic substance and medium ionic strength.According to the feature of China's heavy metal pollution of soil, present stage clay mineral reparation can be considered one of the most feasible method, and has certain development potentiality and good application prospect.Still exist in actual applications some to await the problem further solving.As the use of clay mineral may exert an influence to soil nutrient, the especially impact on the nutrient ions such as potassium, ammonium in soil; Clay mineral is to reduce its mobility and validity by fixing heavy metal, but in soil, is difficult for clay mineral to separate with soil, and therefore, in the time that soil environment changes, the heavy metal being fixed may discharge again, produces the problem of secondary pollution.So, rationally use clay mineral repairing heavy metal in soil to pollute, bring into play its advantage, coordinate other recovery techniques simultaneously, reduce its negative effect and will become the key of this reparation popularization.
Arbuscular mycorrhiza (Arbuscular mycorrhizea, AM) fungi is a quasi-microorganism of contacting directly soil and root system of plant, in heavy-metal contaminated soil, inoculation AM fungi is resisted ability, the absorption of promotion plant to mineral nutrition of heavy metallic poison for raising host plant, reduce (especially aerial part) heavy metal concentration in plant, be conducive to plant growth.Research shows, AMF all has good resistance to Cd, Pb, Cu, and due to the formation of mycorhiza, make host plant improve significantly absorption and the transportation to phosphorus, and can, by suppressing the concentration of soil acidification, reduction soil soluble state heavy metal, strengthen host plant anti-(resistance to) property to heavy metal pollution.Suppressing soil acidification, reduce the unique advantage of heavy metallic poison aspect just because of arbuscular mycorrhiza, be used in the reparation of combined pollution Iron Guanyin planting soil and there is practical significance.Liu Lingzhi etc. separate AMF to plumbous zinc Mine Area marigold growth and the research of the impact of inhaling cadmium are shown, the outer mycelia of AM fungi root is by effects such as absorption, accumulation and chelatings to Cd, stop Cd to be transported to root system by soil, improve plant growth condition simultaneously, by growth diluting effect, reduce plant Cd concentration, indirectly improve the resistance that marigold pollutes Cd.The AM fungi that simultaneously inoculates pollution source has increased the tolerance of marigold overground part to Cd, promote overground part growth, has obviously improved Cd and coerce the biomass of lower marigold, and amplification is 70. 2%~95. 2%.The patent of invention " a kind of method of utilizing AMF to reduce tobacco heavy-metal residual " of Wang Fayuan etc., patent No. CN201010525189.8, by transplanting and having confirmed in field Mycorrhizal cigarette seedling, AMF and tobacco form after arbuscular mycorrhiza, can improve tobacco P Nutrient, promote tobacco growing, reduce the absorption of tobacco to heavy metal, reduce the migration of heavy metal from root system to aboveground part of tobacco at its, thereby reduce tobacco heavy-metal residual.Illustrate and utilize arbuscular mycorrhiza to reduce heavy-metal residual in combined pollution Iron Guanyin soil plantation tealeaves, increase tea yield very promising.
To sum up, utilize clay mineral by absorption and ion exchange, to reduce the transfer ability of combined pollution Iron Guanyin heavy metal in soil; The effects such as absorption, accumulation and the chelating of arbuscular mycorrhiza by heavy metal, can reduce the transportation of heavy metal from soil to tea root, by dual barrier, can greatly reduce heavy metal in tealeaves to residual.Meanwhile, mycorhiza can suppress soil acidification, promotes the transportation of nutrient, has overcome the harmful effect of clay mineral to soil nutrient, is beneficial to the yield and quality that improves tealeaves, and two kinds of repair modes are in conjunction with realizing mutual supplement with each other's advantages.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the weak point in order to overcome prior art, propose a kind of effective reduction tealeaves content of beary metal, increase tea yield, the tea garden soil modifying agent that improves soil sustainable energy for growth and the technical scheme of method, have that cost of material is cheap, production equipment is simple, effective and do not occur the advantages such as secondary pollution.
Tea place heavy-metal composite pollution soil in-situ renovation agent proposed by the invention, it is characterized in that said preparation is made up of products A and product B, wherein products A composition and each composition percentage by weight are that the weight ratio of lime 2 ~ 10%, illite 50 ~ 70%, montmorillonite is 30 ~ 40%; Product B composition and each composition percentage by weight, illite 40 ~ 50%, montmorillonite 20 ~ 30%, arbuscular mycorrhiza 20 ~ 40%.
The soil conditioner of content of beary metal in described reduction tealeaves, the lime described in it is characterized in that, Erie's stone flour, montmorillonite, arbuscular mycorrhiza fineness requirement more than 70% are passed through 100 mesh sieves.
Described soil conditioner reduces the method for content of beary metal in tealeaves, it is characterized in that:
1) described method synthesis physical-chemical process reparation and biological restoration improvement Iron Guanyin planting soil: utilize lime neutralization to reduce soil aciditiy; Utilize clay mineral to pass through absorption and ion exchange, fixed the heavy metal in soil and reduced its available state; Utilize the effect of arbuscular mycorrhiza to improve the tolerance of tea tree to heavy metal simultaneously, reduce the absorption of tea tree to heavy metal, evaded the risk that the fixing heavy metal of clay mineral activates once again, promote the absorption of tea tree to nutriment, improve tea yield;
2) products A and product B usage ratio are: 5 ~ 10:1
3) products A adopts shallow executing in conjunction with shallow plowing to apply, and evenly spreads fertilizer over the fields in tea tree in the ranks, and the degree of depth is 10 ~ 15cm left and right; Product B adopts trench digging deep placement, is applied in dressing furrow in the ranks, and the degree of depth is 25 ~ 30cm left and right;
4) products A is applied to and produces season, and annual fertilising once; After product B is applied to autumn tea and finishes, within every 1 ~ 2 year, use once;
5), according to the acidizing degree of tea garden soil, the consumption standard of soil conditioner is as follows: the soil of pH3.6 ~ 4.0, and the usage ratio of products A and product B is 7 ~ 10:1, total consumption of soil conditioner is 1500 ~ 3000kg/hm
2; The soil of pH4.5 ~ 4.0, the usage ratio of products A and product B is 5 ~ 7:1, total consumption of soil conditioner is 1000 ~ 1800kg/hm
2; The soil of pH5.0 ~ 6.0, the usage ratio of products A and product B is 5:1, total consumption of soil conditioner is 600 ~ 1000kg/hm
2.
Soil conditioner and the method for content of beary metal in above-mentioned reduction tealeaves, propose to reduce heavy metal copper in tealeaves, lead, cadmium content as main purpose, reasonably use pulverized limestone, Erie's stone flour, montmorillonite powder and arbuscular mycorrhiza, can effectively reduce the biological effectiveness of heavy metal in tea garden soil, reduce the absorption of tea tree to heavy metal element, improve the sanitary quality standard of tealeaves, can increase again tea yield, and play the effect that improves soil, belong to environmentally friendly soil conditioner.
The specific embodiment
With test example, the present invention is described in further detail by the following examples.
Specific embodiment 1:
Get tea garden soil and carry out pot experiment, soil Heavy Metals content is: copper 98mg/kg, and plumbous 114mg/kg, cadmium 0.62mg/kg, pH is 4.12.In reduction tealeaves, (products A is 7:1 in the ratio of B to the soil conditioner of content of beary metal, products A composition is that the weight ratio of lime 5%, illite 60%, montmorillonite is 35%, and product B composition is illite 40 ~ 50%, montmorillonite 20 ~ 30%, arbuscular mycorrhiza 20 ~ 40%) use total amount be 0,1 and 2g/kg (be equivalent to use 0,2400 and 4800kg/hm
2), wherein products A and soil mix, and product B applies at tea tree root.Annual Anxi Tieguanyin Tea tea shoot 6 strains of every basin kind, through annual growth, measure the content of beary metal in tea tree body.Result shows, uses after soil conditioner the raising of soil pH, the reduction of available heavy metal content, the each position of tealeaves content of beary metal all has obvious reduction, wherein uses the processing of 2g/kg, in young sprout, the content of heavy metal copper, lead, cadmium has reduced respectively 21.6%, 14.4%, 25%(table 1).
Table 1 is potted plant uses the impact of the soil conditioner that reduces content of beary metal in tealeaves on tea tree content of beary metal
Specific embodiment 2:
Carry out field test in one-tenth tea place in age, in tea garden soil, Heavy Metals content is: copper 127mg/kg, and plumbous 108mg/kg, cadmium 0.49mg/kg, pH is 4.01.In reduction tealeaves, (products A is 7:1 in the ratio of B to the soil conditioner of content of beary metal, products A composition is that the weight ratio of lime 7%, illite 60%, montmorillonite is 33%, and product B composition is illite 40 ~ 50%, montmorillonite 20 ~ 30%, arbuscular mycorrhiza 20 ~ 40%) the total amount of using be respectively 0,2400 and 4800kg/hm
2, wherein 4800kg/hm
2application in two dressings.After modifying agent is manured into soil, through the observation of continuous 3 years.Result shows, after using, Copper in Tea, lead, cadmium content all have remarkable reduction, and wherein the reduction amplitude of copper is 33 ~ 41%, average out to 38%, and plumbous reduction amplitude is 27 ~ 33%, average out to 31%, the reduction amplitude of cadmium is 50 ~ 71%, average 60%.Mensuration to Copper In The Soil, lead, cadmium component also shows, use after modifying agent, the exchange state that in soil, biological effectiveness is higher and carbonate have remarkable reduction in conjunction with state heavy metal, meanwhile, residual heavy metal is significantly improved, this is also to use after soil conditioner, the significantly reduced major reason of plumbi content of tea.Another major reason is that the effect of mycorhiza is grown fine processed group tea shoot, and tea yield increases by 18 ~ 27%(and sees form), growth diluting effect reduces content of beary metal in unit mass tealeaves.
Table 2 field is used the impact of soil conditioner on copper, lead, cadmium content (mg/kg) in And Development of Tea Shoot
The impact of the soil conditioner of content of beary metal on tea tree tea yield in table 3 field use reduction tealeaves
In above-mentioned reduction tealeaves, in the soil conditioner of content of beary metal, products A adopts shallow executing in conjunction with shallow plowing to apply, and evenly spreads fertilizer over the fields in tea tree in the ranks, and the degree of depth is 10 ~ 15cm left and right; Product B adopts trench digging deep placement, is applied in dressing furrow in the ranks, and the degree of depth is 25 ~ 30cm left and right.Products A is applied to produces season, and annual fertilising once; After product B is applied to autumn tea and finishes.
Table 4 field is used the impact of soil conditioner on copper, lead, cadmium component ratio in tea garden soil
Claims (4)
1. the soil conditioner that reduces content of beary metal in tealeaves, is characterized in that said preparation is made up of products A and product B, and wherein products A is made up of lime, Erie's stone flour and montmorillonite, and product B is illite, montmorillonite and arbuscular mycorrhiza composition.
2. reduce as claimed in claim 1 the soil conditioner of content of beary metal in tealeaves, it is characterized in that the percentage by weight of each composition in described products A is: the weight ratio of lime 2 ~ 10%, illite 50 ~ 70%, montmorillonite is 30 ~ 40%; In described product B, the percentage by weight of each composition is: illite 40 ~ 50%, montmorillonite 20 ~ 30%, arbuscular mycorrhiza 20 ~ 40%.
3. reduce as claimed in claim 1 the soil conditioner of content of beary metal in tealeaves, the lime described in it is characterized in that, Erie's stone flour, montmorillonite, arbuscular mycorrhiza fineness requirement more than 70% are passed through 100 mesh sieves.
4. utilize soil conditioner described in claims 1 ~ 3 to reduce the method for content of beary metal in tealeaves, it is characterized in that:
1) described method synthesis physical-chemical process reparation and biological restoration improvement Iron Guanyin planting soil: utilize lime neutralization to reduce soil aciditiy; Utilize clay mineral to pass through absorption and ion exchange, fixed the heavy metal in soil and reduced its available state; Utilize the effect of arbuscular mycorrhiza to improve the tolerance of tea tree to heavy metal simultaneously, reduce the absorption of tea tree to heavy metal, evaded the risk that the fixing heavy metal of clay mineral activates once again, promote the absorption of tea tree to nutriment, improve tea yield;
2) products A and product B usage ratio are: 5 ~ 10:1;
3) products A adopts shallow executing in conjunction with shallow plowing to apply, and evenly spreads fertilizer over the fields in tea tree in the ranks, and the degree of depth is 10 ~ 15cm left and right; Product B adopts trench digging deep placement, is applied in dressing furrow in the ranks, and the degree of depth is 25 ~ 30cm left and right;
4) products A is applied to and produces season, and annual fertilising once; After product B is applied to autumn tea and finishes, within every 1 ~ 2 year, use once;
5), according to the acidizing degree of tea garden soil, the consumption standard of soil conditioner is as follows: the soil of pH3.6 ~ 4.0, and the usage ratio of products A and product B is 7 ~ 10:1, total consumption of soil conditioner is 1500 ~ 3000kg/hm
2; The soil of pH4.5 ~ 4.0, the usage ratio of products A and product B is 5 ~ 7:1, total consumption of soil conditioner is 1000 ~ 1800kg/hm
2; The soil of pH5.0 ~ 6.0, the usage ratio of products A and product B is 5:1, total consumption of soil conditioner is 600 ~ 1000kg/hm
2.
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CN108043873A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-05-18 | 谢涛 | A kind of heavy metal-polluted soil biological fixation agent and its application process |
CN110467924A (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2019-11-19 | 山东胜伟盐碱地科技有限公司 | A kind of alkaline land soil mercury, cadmium ion remover and preparation method thereof |
CN113717013A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-11-30 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Composite soil conditioner for extremely-acidified mine waste land and application |
CN114075438A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-02-22 | 上海康恒环境修复有限公司 | Composite biological agent for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil and preparation method and application thereof |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN108043873A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-05-18 | 谢涛 | A kind of heavy metal-polluted soil biological fixation agent and its application process |
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CN113717013A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-11-30 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Composite soil conditioner for extremely-acidified mine waste land and application |
CN114075438A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-02-22 | 上海康恒环境修复有限公司 | Composite biological agent for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20140709 |