CN103906650B - 电气*** - Google Patents
电气*** Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103906650B CN103906650B CN201280053473.7A CN201280053473A CN103906650B CN 103906650 B CN103906650 B CN 103906650B CN 201280053473 A CN201280053473 A CN 201280053473A CN 103906650 B CN103906650 B CN 103906650B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- current
- switch
- earth
- poles
- motor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
- H02P25/16—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring
- H02P25/22—Multiple windings; Windings for more than three phases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/007—Physical arrangements or structures of drive train converters specially adapted for the propulsion motors of electric vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/02—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles characterised by the form of the current used in the control circuit
- B60L15/025—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles characterised by the form of the current used in the control circuit using field orientation; Vector control; Direct Torque Control [DTC]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/51—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by AC-motors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
- B60L53/24—Using the vehicle's propulsion converter for charging
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
- B60L58/19—Switching between serial connection and parallel connection of battery modules
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
- B60L58/20—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having different nominal voltages
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
- H02P25/16—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring
- H02P25/18—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring with arrangements for switching the windings, e.g. with mechanical switches or relays
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/40—DC to AC converters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
- B60L2220/50—Structural details of electrical machines
- B60L2220/54—Windings for different functions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
- B60L2220/50—Structural details of electrical machines
- B60L2220/58—Structural details of electrical machines with more than three phases
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
Abstract
电气***,该电气***包括两极的第一直流电流源和/或直流电流陷(1)、两极的第二直流电流源(2)和/或直流电流陷、三相的第一直流‑交流转换器(4)、三相的第二直流‑交流转换器以及电机(3),所述电机构成为六相的,并且所述电机具有一个三相的第一定子***和一个三相的第二定子***,第一定子***与第二定子***电气分开。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种电气***,该电气***包括两极的第一直流电流源和/或直流电流陷、两极的第二直流电流源和/或直流电流陷及电机。
背景技术
复杂的电气***经常具有多个子***,这些子***根据情况在整个***中承担作为电功率源的功能或者作为电功率陷的功能。
作为这样的电气***例如可以提出混合动力车辆的车载电网,如其例如由文献US2008/0011528A1的图1所得知的那样。该电气***包括两个电蓄能器和一个三相驱动电机,该驱动电机可选地能以电动机或以发电机方式运行。电蓄能器之一经由一个直流-交流转换器与电机连接而经由一个与该转换器并联的直流调节器与另一蓄能器连接。
在双向构成的直流调节器中,两个蓄能器可以以电动机方式运行电机。那么将蓄能器放电。在发电机方式的运行中可以通过电机给两个蓄能器充电。这通常通过回收进行。
发明内容
本发明的任务在于,提出一种改善的电气***,该电气***包括两极的第一直流电流源和/或直流电流陷、两极的第二直流电流源和/或直流电流陷以及电机。
该任务通过按照如下所述的电气***解决。
按照本发明,电气***包括两极的第一直流电流源和/或直流电流陷、两极的第二直流电流源和/或直流电流陷以及电机,该电机构成为六相的并且包括一个三相的第一定子***和一个三相的第二定子***,这两个定子***相互电气分开,该电气***还包含三相的第一直流-交流转换器和三相的第二直流-交流转换器;所述电气***的特征在于:第一定子***与第一直流-交流转换器在交流侧连接,而第二定子***与第二直流-交流转换器在交流侧连接;第一直流电流源和/或直流电流陷与第一直流-交流转换器在直流侧连接,而第二直流电流源和/或直流电流陷与第二直流-交流转换器在直流侧连接;第一直流电流源和/或直流电流陷具有第一额定电压水平,而第二直流电流源和/或直流电流陷具有第二额定电压水平,并且第一额定电压水平朝向更高的同极的电压大于第二额定电压水平;所述电气***包括第一开关和第二开关;两极的第一直流电流源和/或直流电流陷的两极中的电位更高的极与两极的第二直流电流源和/或直流电流陷的两极中的电位更高的极经由所述第一开关和第二开关的串联连接而相连接;两极的第二直流电流源和/或直流电流陷的两极中的电位更高的极经由所述第二开关而与第二直流-交流转换器相连接。
这表示,电气***以电机形式具有两个定子***和一个转子。除了两个定子***之外,两个直流-交流转换器也是电气***的组成部分。
附加地,第一定子***与第一直流-交流转换器在交流侧连接,而第二定子***与第二直流-交流转换器在交流侧连接。
由此,第一定子***的三相与第一直流-交流转换器的交流侧电气接触导通,而第二定子***的三相与第二直流-交流转换器的交流侧电气接触导通。这提供的优点在于,两个定子***在电气***中具有独立的电气连接。
按照本发明的另一实施形式,第一直流电流源和/或直流电流陷与第一直流-交流转换器在直流侧连接,而第二直流电流源和/或直流电流陷与第二直流-交流转换器在直流侧连接。
因此第一直流电流源和/或直流电流陷与第一直流-交流转换器的直流输入端电气接触导通,而第二直流电流源和/或直流电流陷与第二直流-交流转换器的直流输入端电气接触导通。因此两个直流电流源和/或直流电流陷中的每个经由一个单独的直流-交流转换器与电机的两个定子***之一连接。
此外可以有意义的是,第一直流电流源和/或直流电流陷具有第一额定电压水平,而第二直流电流源和/或直流电流陷具有第二额定电压水平,其中,第一额定电压水平朝向更高的同极的电压大于第二额定电压水平。
因此例如不同额定电压水平的电蓄能器可以位于电气***中。
此外有利的是,该电气***包括第一开关和第二开关,并且两极的第一直流电流源和/或直流电流陷的两极中的电位更高的极与两极的第二直流电流源和/或直流电流陷的两极中的电位更高的极经由所述第一开关和第二开关的串联连接而相连接,而两极的第二直流电流源和/或直流电流陷的两极中的电位更高的极经由所述第二开关而与第二直流-交流转换器相连接。
这表示,两个直流电流源和/或直流电流陷分别具有一个带有更高的电位的极以及一个带有更低的电位的极,例如接地。两个直流电流源和/或直流电流陷的两极——这两极位于比直流电流源和/或直流电流陷的相应另一极更高的电位上——经由两个开关相互串联连接。
优选地,当第一开关闭合时,第二开关是打开的;当第一开关打开时,第二开关是闭合的。
这表示,优选地两个开关不在一个时刻闭合。
根据本发明的另一实施形式有利的是,当第一开关闭合并且第二开关打开时,两极的第一直流电流源和/或直流电流陷能使所述电机以电动机方式或发电机方式经由第一直流-交流转换器和第二直流-交流转换器运行。
在该配置中,电机的转子经由两个定子***运行。定子***的所有六个相由两个直流-交流转换器在电动机方式的电机模式下运行。两个转换器由第一直流电流源和/或直流电流陷供以电能。
此外有利的是,当第一开关打开并且第二开关闭合时,两极的第一直流电流源和/或直流电流陷能使电机以电动机方式经由第一直流-交流转换器运行,并且当第一开关打开并且第二开关闭合时,所述电机能以发电机方式经由第二直流-交流转换器给两极的第二直流电流源和/或直流电流陷充电。
在该配置中,两个定子***通过如下方式相互独立地运行,即,第一定子***以电动机方式运行转子而第二定子***以发电机方式运行转子。经由第一直流-交流转换器给第一定子***施加驱动转子的力矩,经由第二直流-交流转换器对于第二定子***以感应电压的形式给转子施加制动的扭矩。该感应电压用于经由第二直流-交流转换器给第二直流电流源和/或直流电流陷充电。
优选地,车辆包括该电气***。这提供的优点在于,在车辆中具有两个子车载电网的情况下来自两个车载电网的电功率经由电机的两个定子***可转换为车辆的驱动功率。此外可以例如以回收的形式给两个子车载电网提供电能。备选地,电功率或电能可由一个子车载电网转换到另一子车载电网中,其方式是,以电动机方式运行一个定子***而以发电机方式运行另一定子***。
本发明基于下述考虑:
混合动力车和电动车当今具有高伏特电池(大约300-400伏特)和低伏特电池。高伏特电池经由变流器(整流器、逆变器)连接到电机上。低伏特电池馈给12伏特车载电网并因而馈给如收音机、车灯等等的负载。
由高伏特电池借助于直流/直流转换器给低伏特电池充电。由此,当今的混合动力车辆总是具有整流/逆变器和单独的直流/直流转换器。不利的是,当今的混合动力车和电动车携带两个单独的装置。变流器和直流/直流转换器但是在其技术构造上是非常相似的。当今没有实现协作。
传统的电机根据当今的现有技术具有一个唯一的三相***。电功率相同地到所有三相上。本发明的目的在于,将具有分开的功率的两个三相***集成在电机中。在所有的小于最大功率一半的电动机方式的运行点,将第二个三相***与高伏特蓄能器分离并且切换到低伏特蓄能器上。第一个三相***继续如通常那样工作,而第二个三相***供给低伏特蓄能器。
由此可以取消单独的直流/直流转换器并且在每个时刻利用变流器,或者利用率提高。随之也产生更低的成本,因为直流调节器是昂贵的***构件。此外获得了结构空间并且节省了重量。此外,车辆中的电磁兼容特性改善并且相对地改善了车辆电气装置或车辆电子装置的可靠性,因为在相同的功能的情况下需要更少的有待安全的构件。
附图说明
在下文中根据附图描述本发明的一个优选实施例。由此产生本发明的另外的细节、优选实施形式和改进方案。详细地示意地:
图1示出具有六相电机的电气***。
具体实施方式
图1示出了一个电气***,该电气***可以是车辆的电气车载电网的子***。该电气***包括一个第一蓄能器(1)和一个第二蓄能器(2)。两个蓄能器可以构成为电化学蓄能器或电蓄能器,例如构成为锂离子电池、铅酸电池或电容器,并且根据车载电网的电气状态作为电流源或电流陷起作用。两个蓄能器的额定电压水平和蓄能器技术可以不同地形成。这表示,蓄能器的典型的特性曲线例如充电和放电特性曲线关于充电状态或时间也不必成预定的关系。
不限制一般性地,在下文中基于锂离子电池作为第一蓄能器,而超级电容器作为第二蓄能器。两个蓄能器的额定电压水平不限制一般性地为48伏特。
两个蓄能器以较低电位的相应的极与大地连接。较高额定电位的相应的极、典型地为电池中的正极经由一个第一开关(7)相互连接。
该电气***此外具有一个电机(3),该电机构成为六相的。该电机具有两个分别三相的定子***,这两个定子***分别与电机的转子相互作用、但是相互电气分开。例如不限制一般性地,可以应用没有缓冲绕组、具有两个三相定子***的他激的同步凸极电极。属于此的例如也有齿形极电机,其主要作为发电机或起动发电机用于汽车应用中。这些发电机通常具有一个以上的三相***。在六相实施方案中,两个三相定子***在电气上相互错开30°角地实现。
在图1中的电气***此外具有一个双向的第一直流-交流转换器(4),该第一直流-交流转换器也称为变流器。该第一直流-交流转换器与第一蓄能器连接。双向的第二直流-交流转换器(5)经由第二开关(6)与第二蓄能器连接。该变流器通常由具有一个中间电路电容器的三个半桥组成,这三个半桥连接为一个B6电路。每个半桥在此包括两个开关,这两个开关通常构成为具有反并联的二极管的金属氧化物半导体场效应管(MOSFET)或绝缘栅门极晶体管(IGBT)。
在下文中,对于本领域内技术人员基于具有一个定子***和一个转子的同步电机的已知的转速/扭矩特性。
存在的可能性在于,在子负载范围中不同地调节两个电流Iq1和Iq2。在此,Iq代表当前形成的电流,其中,Iq1表示第一定子***的当前形成的电流,而Iq2表示第二定子***的当前形成的电流。以正电流Iq1运行耦合到第一蓄能器上的第一定子***,而同时以负电流-Iq2运行耦合到第二蓄能器上的第二定子***。由此使第一蓄能器放电并且通过第一定子***以电动机方式运行电机。使第二蓄能器充电并且通过第二定子***以发电机方式运行电机。为了例如即便如此也施加期望的内部的电机力矩MMi,那么必须将Iq1增大Iq2的值。
内部的电机力矩由以下产生:
其中,Zp描述电机的极对数、也就是电机常数,ψd描述d轴的磁通,ψq描述q轴的磁通,而Id描述形成磁通的电流。
假如采用永磁激励的电机或具有缓冲绕组的电机,那么对于本领域内技术人员来说可以明显地匹配该关系,而不影响基本的作用关系。
在电枢调整范围中通常调节为Id=0A并且借助于当前形成的电流Iq调整电机的期望的扭矩。那么上述等式对于内部的电机力矩在电枢调节范围中简化为由此,电机力矩仅仅依赖于磁通ψd(在电枢调整范围中是常数)和电流Iq。
因为电机具有两个分开的定子***,所以在两个***中分开地调节Iq。在正常情况下,额定值对于两个***大小相同并且为正的,即电流Iq在此没有直接流通,而是仅仅作为在电机之内的力矩之和产生。每个子***仅仅关注其“自身”的电流Iq1或Iq2。
如果应该以发电机方式运行该电机,那么两个额定值大小相同并且为负的,即
电气***由此提供了这样的可能性,即,除了两个蓄能器放电的纯电动机方式的运行之外和除了两个蓄能器充电的纯发电机方式的运行之外,给一个蓄能器通过电机在另一蓄能器上充电。在这些运行模式下,开关(6)闭合并且开关(7)打开。
根据另一变型可以打开两个开关。那么该电机仅仅结合第一蓄能器能以电动机方式或以发电机方式运行。
以下表格示出了电气***的十三个可能运行状态的概况:
根据电气***的另一实施形式可能的是,代替第一直流电流源和/或直流电流陷集成一个电气构件,该电气构件或者仅仅作为第一直流电流源或者仅仅作为第一直流电流陷起作用。在一个唯一的第一直流电流源的情况下,在上述表格中如下的运行状态都不可实现,在所述运行状态中第一直流电流源适合直流电流陷的功能。这相应地适用于第一直流电流陷的集成。备选地或附加地也可能的是,代替第二直流电流源和/或直流电流陷集成一个电气构件,该电气构件或者仅仅作为第二直流电流源或者仅仅作为第二直流电流陷起作用。在一个唯一的第二直流电流源的情况下在上述表格中如下运行状态都不可实现,在所述运行状态中第二直流电流源适合直流电流陷的功能。这相应地适用于第二直流电流陷的集成。
具有六相电机的电气***通常如此构成,使得电机的两个定子***错开30°地安装。由此在电气***中有一个直流电流源和/或直流电流陷的情况下强制地需要两个变流器,因为定子***的电流和电压具有相互间的相位偏移。如果基于此要在***中集成另一直流电流源和/或直流电流陷,那么该另一直流电流源和/或直流电流陷必须经由直流调节器连接。这些实施形式分别描述了如下的***,在这些***中电机结合两个开关代替直流调节器。
Claims (5)
1.电气***,该电气***包括两极的第一直流电流源和/或直流电流陷(1)、两极的第二直流电流源(2)和/或直流电流陷以及电机(3),所述电机构成为六相的,所述电机具有一个三相的第一定子***,所述电机具有一个三相的第二定子***,第一定子***与第二定子***电气分开,该电气***包括三相的第一直流-交流转换器(4)以及该电气***包括三相的第二直流-交流转换器(5),其特征在于,
第一定子***与第一直流-交流转换器在交流侧连接,而第二定子***与第二直流-交流转换器在交流侧连接;
第一直流电流源和/或直流电流陷与第一直流-交流转换器在直流侧连接,而第二直流电流源和/或直流电流陷与第二直流-交流转换器在直流侧连接;
第一直流电流源和/或直流电流陷具有第一额定电压水平,而第二直流电流源和/或直流电流陷具有第二额定电压水平,并且第一额定电压水平朝向更高的同极的电压大于第二额定电压水平;
所述电气***包括第一开关(7)和第二开关(6);
两极的第一直流电流源和/或直流电流陷的两极中的电位更高的极与两极的第二直流电流源和/或直流电流陷的两极中的电位更高的极经由所述第一开关和第二开关的串联连接而相连接;
两极的第二直流电流源和/或直流电流陷的两极中的电位更高的极经由所述第二开关而与第二直流-交流转换器相连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电气***,其特征在于,
当所述第一开关闭合时,第二开关是打开的;
当所述第一开关打开时,第二开关是闭合的。
3.根据权利要求2所述的电气***,其特征在于,
当所述第一开关闭合并且第二开关打开时,两极的第一直流电流源和/或直流电流陷能使所述电机以电动机方式或发电机方式经由第一直流-交流转换器和第二直流-交流转换器运行。
4.根据权利要求2所述的电气***,其特征在于,
当所述第一开关打开并且第二开关闭合时,两极的第一直流电流源和/或直流电流陷能使所述电机以电动机方式经由第一直流-交流转换器运行;而
当所述第一开关打开并且第二开关闭合时,所述电机以发电机方式经由第二直流-交流转换器能给两极的第二直流电流源和/或直流电流陷充电。
5.车辆,其特征在于,该车辆包括根据权利要求1至4之一所述的电气***。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102011085731.1 | 2011-11-03 | ||
DE102011085731A DE102011085731A1 (de) | 2011-11-03 | 2011-11-03 | Elektrisches System |
PCT/EP2012/071458 WO2013064486A2 (de) | 2011-11-03 | 2012-10-30 | Elektrisches system |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN103906650A CN103906650A (zh) | 2014-07-02 |
CN103906650B true CN103906650B (zh) | 2016-11-09 |
Family
ID=47143883
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201280053473.7A Active CN103906650B (zh) | 2011-11-03 | 2012-10-30 | 电气*** |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20140239869A1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN103906650B (zh) |
DE (1) | DE102011085731A1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2013064486A2 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101549026B1 (ko) * | 2013-11-15 | 2015-09-01 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 전기자동차 구동장치 |
DE102014203550A1 (de) | 2014-02-27 | 2015-08-27 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Elektrisches Antriebssystem |
DE102014203568A1 (de) | 2014-02-27 | 2015-08-27 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Elektrisches Antriebssystem |
DE102014203563A1 (de) | 2014-02-27 | 2015-08-27 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Elektrisches Antriebssystem |
DE102014203553A1 (de) | 2014-02-27 | 2015-08-27 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Elektrisches Antriebssystem |
DE102014222163A1 (de) * | 2014-07-25 | 2016-01-28 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Elektrische Maschine zur Energieversorgung eines Kraftfahrzeugbordnetzes |
DE102014218738A1 (de) * | 2014-09-18 | 2016-03-24 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Elektrisches System für ein elektrisch antreibbares Fahrzeug |
GB2537351B (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2017-05-24 | Nissan Motor Mfg (Uk) Ltd | Control method for integrated electric drive and charger apparatus for a grid enabled vehicle |
FR3037733B1 (fr) * | 2015-06-19 | 2018-10-26 | Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur | Reseau electrique d'alimentation des equipements d'un vehicule automobile a double sous-reseaux et son utilisation |
CN106347169A (zh) * | 2015-07-17 | 2017-01-25 | 北京理工大学 | 一种分布式四轮驱动的纯电动汽车电气*** |
DE102016215762A1 (de) | 2016-08-23 | 2018-03-01 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Elektrische Antriebsanordnung |
DE102017204200A1 (de) * | 2017-03-14 | 2018-09-20 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Antriebsstrang sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Antriebsstrangs |
EP3489069B1 (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2021-10-06 | FERRARI S.p.A. | Electric drive system of a hybrid or electric vehicle |
DE102018103709A1 (de) * | 2018-02-20 | 2019-08-22 | stoba e-Systems GmbH | Antriebsstrang mit zwei unterschiedlich Spannung abgebenden Batterien, Elektro-Antriebs-System mit Niedervoltstäbe umgebende Hochvolt-Wicklungen, Elektromotor mit separatem Hochvolt-Pulswechselrichter und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Elektromotors |
US20210114473A1 (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2021-04-22 | Volvo Technology Corporation | An electric propulsion system for a vehicle |
DE102018217309A1 (de) | 2018-10-10 | 2020-04-16 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Mehrphasiger Wechselrichter und verwandte Hochspannungstopologie |
DE102019123928A1 (de) * | 2019-09-06 | 2021-03-11 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Kraftfahrzeug, welches zumindest teilweise elektrisch betrieben ist mit zumindest einem ersten und einem zweiten elektrischen Energiespeicher |
WO2021074345A1 (de) * | 2019-10-16 | 2021-04-22 | stoba e-Systems GmbH | Multi-batterie-motor |
FR3106324B1 (fr) * | 2020-01-22 | 2022-01-28 | Alstom Transp Tech | Chaîne de traction pour un véhicule ferroviaire et véhicule ferroviaire associé |
DE102021208075A1 (de) | 2021-07-27 | 2023-02-02 | Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg | Elektrisches Antriebssystem |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2350946A (en) * | 1999-06-07 | 2000-12-13 | Delphi Tech Inc | Motor vehicle power supply |
EP1162105A2 (de) * | 2000-06-10 | 2001-12-12 | DaimlerChrysler Rail Systems GmbH | Stromrichterschaltung und Verfahren zur Ankopplung an ein elektrisches Versorgungsnetz |
CN1949655A (zh) * | 2005-10-10 | 2007-04-18 | 贺雷 | 电动-发电复用控制方法及其*** |
DE102009027220A1 (de) * | 2009-06-26 | 2010-12-30 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Versorgung eines elektrischen Antriebes für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19524985A1 (de) * | 1995-07-08 | 1996-08-29 | Abb Daimler Benz Transp | Verfahren zum Steuern einer Drehfeldmaschine |
US6710495B2 (en) * | 2001-10-01 | 2004-03-23 | Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation | Multi-phase electric motor with third harmonic current injection |
US7832513B2 (en) | 2006-07-14 | 2010-11-16 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Vehicular electrical system and control method therefor |
DE102006056855A1 (de) * | 2006-12-01 | 2008-06-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Elektronisches Antriebssystem für ein Aggregat eines Fahrzeugs |
DE102009014386A1 (de) * | 2009-03-26 | 2010-09-30 | Volkswagen Ag | Energiespeicher und Steuerung zur Energieversorgung eines Traktionsnetzes eines Elektrofahrzeugs |
-
2011
- 2011-11-03 DE DE102011085731A patent/DE102011085731A1/de active Pending
-
2012
- 2012-10-30 WO PCT/EP2012/071458 patent/WO2013064486A2/de active Application Filing
- 2012-10-30 CN CN201280053473.7A patent/CN103906650B/zh active Active
-
2014
- 2014-05-02 US US14/268,716 patent/US20140239869A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2350946A (en) * | 1999-06-07 | 2000-12-13 | Delphi Tech Inc | Motor vehicle power supply |
EP1162105A2 (de) * | 2000-06-10 | 2001-12-12 | DaimlerChrysler Rail Systems GmbH | Stromrichterschaltung und Verfahren zur Ankopplung an ein elektrisches Versorgungsnetz |
CN1949655A (zh) * | 2005-10-10 | 2007-04-18 | 贺雷 | 电动-发电复用控制方法及其*** |
DE102009027220A1 (de) * | 2009-06-26 | 2010-12-30 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Versorgung eines elektrischen Antriebes für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2013064486A3 (de) | 2013-10-24 |
CN103906650A (zh) | 2014-07-02 |
US20140239869A1 (en) | 2014-08-28 |
WO2013064486A2 (de) | 2013-05-10 |
DE102011085731A1 (de) | 2013-05-08 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN103906650B (zh) | 电气*** | |
US8963482B2 (en) | Power supply apparatus for electrically powered vehicle and method for controlling the same | |
US8659182B2 (en) | Power supply system and electric powered vehicle including power supply system, and method for controlling power supply system | |
Hu et al. | New SR drive with integrated charging capacity for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) | |
US8618771B2 (en) | Electric powered vehicle, vehicle charge device and vehicle charge system | |
US9627999B2 (en) | Power supply device | |
JP5774919B2 (ja) | 機械設備を駆動する電動装置、及びそれに関連する方法 | |
US20180131220A1 (en) | Vehicle-side charging circuit for a vehicle with electric drive, and method for operating a vehicle-side current converter, and use of at least one winding of a vehicle-side electric machine for intermediate storagectrical machine for buffer | |
US20140225432A1 (en) | Converter circuit and method for transferring electrical energy | |
US10236707B2 (en) | Charging system using wound rotor synchronous motor | |
JP2017532942A (ja) | 電気駆動システム、および電気自動車の電動機を駆動する方法 | |
US20120262096A1 (en) | Electric vehicle and operating method of the same | |
JP5394677B2 (ja) | 充電システムおよびそれを備えた車両 | |
CN103427680A (zh) | 变压器抽头变换电路及其制作方法 | |
JP2013051831A (ja) | 電動車両の電源制御装置 | |
JP2020005389A (ja) | 電源システム | |
CN204392134U (zh) | 一种新型的电气*** | |
US11046191B2 (en) | Drive system and drive control method | |
US9127592B2 (en) | Range extender, drive and motor vehicle | |
EP2323243A2 (en) | Power module and vehicle having the same | |
US9490710B2 (en) | Power supply device for supplying power to a load by combining a secondary battery and a capacitor | |
CN108136931B (zh) | 改进的带有多个电源的电源装置 | |
US9831671B2 (en) | Power supply device | |
US20150054434A1 (en) | Method for discharging at least one capacitor of an electric circuit | |
US20210221237A1 (en) | Circulation charging system for electric vehicle |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |