CN103903657B - The non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of nuclear power plant and method - Google Patents
The non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of nuclear power plant and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103903657B CN103903657B CN201310695712.5A CN201310695712A CN103903657B CN 103903657 B CN103903657 B CN 103903657B CN 201310695712 A CN201310695712 A CN 201310695712A CN 103903657 B CN103903657 B CN 103903657B
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Abstract
The invention discloses the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of a kind of nuclear power plant and method, the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of nuclear power plant comprises for providing the material-changing water tank of chilled water, containment, be connected to chilled water heat-exchanger rig between described material-changing water tank and containment and non-active cooling device in turn.The present invention has and simplifies building course, saves the features such as the high and good cooling results of construction investment, stability, has the complete non-active characteristic of initial operating stage, without the need to additionaling power when it runs in second generation nuclear power station; Both can cool in full factory dead electricity situation, also can as the alleviation means losing low-temperature receiver accident.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nuclear power plant ultimate heat sink cooling system, particularly relate to the non-active ultimate heat sink system and method for a kind of nuclear power plant.
Background technology
A feature of nuclear reactor still needs to cool reactor core after shutdown; because nuclear fuel has from Decay afterheat; although control than people little many of heat that fission produces; if but can not get cooling for a long time; also reactor core can be made to reach the temperature of thousands of degree; cause nuclear fuel rod to melt, be then the box hat, xoncrete structure etc. that burn outer layer protection, cause nuclear leakage.And when reactor shutdown, the electric power needed for the pump of afterheat cooling system just needs to input from outside.Generalized case can prepare the input of multichannel external power grid, and simultaneously every platform unit generally has 2 emergency diesel dynamos to power, and the emergency diesel dynamo of other units in same power plant also can be for subsequent use mutually.
Fukushima, Japan is after strong earthquake, the external power grid of the first nuclear power plant has all been paralysed, the emergency diesel dynamo of self in operation after one hour, also because the attack of tsunami and total loss, this just causes losing all external power source supplies, and reactor core loses forcing functions means.Self-examination Fukushima nuclear power plant accident, containment cooling system needs power supply support and fragile emergency power pack to be the two large reasons finally causing reactor core to melt.
The security concepts of nuclear power station AP1000 of new generation is generally adopted to employ the concept of passive security to the mode of lowering the temperature in containment in the world.Such as in the problem of shutdown heat radiation, just have the water tank of a thousands of tons of at reactor roof.Once there is the extreme accident of standby power supply total loss as Fukushima, the water sprinkle in the water tank at containment top still can be allowed to lower the temperature on steel containment vessel surface.But, this cooling method for second generation nuclear power station construction its big energy-consuming, to build the steel material that water tank and steel containment vessel expend huge, manufacture difficulty is higher.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, provides a kind of and simplifies building course, saving construction investment, the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of stability nuclear power plant that is high and good cooling results and method.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: provide a kind of nuclear power plant non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system, comprises for providing the material-changing water tank of chilled water, containment, is connected to chilled water heat-exchanger rig between described material-changing water tank and containment and non-active cooling device in turn;
Be provided with in described containment and chilled water is injected in described containment the peace note pipeline that described containment cools, described containment inner top is provided with the spray equipment will cooled described containment in cool water shower to described containment, and the bottom of described containment is provided with the melt pit for collecting the water in described containment;
Described non-active cooling device comprises refrigeratory, be positioned at the top of described refrigeratory and the condenser being connected described refrigeratory with fluid catheter by airway and the elevated tank utilizing potential energy to cool described condenser, and described refrigeratory, airway, the formation one that is interconnected between condenser and fluid catheter are for the closed circuit of closed circulating water system circulation;
Described material-changing water tank and described melt pit are connected the entrance point of described chilled water heat-exchanger rig with second pipe respectively by the first pipeline, the endpiece of described chilled water heat-exchanger rig connects the entrance point of described refrigeratory by the 3rd pipeline, described spray equipment and peace note pipeline are connected the endpiece of described refrigeratory respectively by the 4th pipeline and the 5th pipeline, and described 4th pipeline and the 5th pipeline are respectively arranged with the first water pump and the second water pump.
Preferably, described first pipeline is respectively equipped with operation valve to the 5th pipeline, and described first pipeline and second pipe are also respectively equipped with retaining valve.
Preferably, also be connected with the 6th pipeline between the endpiece of described material-changing water tank and described refrigeratory, described material-changing water tank, the first pipeline, chilled water heat-exchanger rig, the 3rd pipeline, be interconnected between refrigeratory and the 6th pipeline formation one material-changing water tank cooling water circulation loop; Described 6th pipeline is provided with operation valve.
Preferably, the entrance point position of described chilled water heat-exchanger rig is also provided with the 3rd water pump being got the chilled water in described material-changing water tank and/or the water in melt pit by the first pipeline and/or second pipe pump.
Preferably, described condenser comprises coil pipe, and described coil pipe one end is connected to described refrigeratory upper end by described airway, and the described coil pipe other end is connected to the lower end of described refrigeratory by described fluid catheter; And described airway is communicated with described fluid catheter by described refrigeratory;
Described chilled water heat-exchanger rig comprises at least one heat interchanger; Described first pipeline is connected described material-changing water tank and melt pit respectively with one end of second pipe, and described first pipeline is all connected the entrance point of described heat interchanger with the other end of second pipe; Described 3rd pipeline one end connects the endpiece of described heat interchanger, and the other end connects the entrance point of described refrigeratory.
Preferably, described heat interchanger is connected with water inlet pipe for connecting low-temperature receiver and rising pipe; Described low-temperature receiver enters described heat interchanger by described water inlet pipe, after the water entered in described heat interchanger carries out heat interchange, flows out described heat interchanger by described rising pipe with the entrance point by described heat interchanger.
Preferably, be provided with the 7th pipeline between described elevated tank and described refrigeratory, described 7th pipeline one end connects described elevated tank, and the other end extends to above described condenser; Described 7th pipeline is provided with operation valve.
Preferably, the 8th pipeline by described 4th pipeline and the 5th pipeline communication is also provided with between described 4th pipeline and the 5th pipeline; Described 8th pipeline one end is connected on described 4th pipeline between described first water pump and containment, and the described 8th pipeline other end is connected on described 5th pipeline between described second water pump and containment.
Preferably, be provided with the liquid-level floater of water level in the described material-changing water tank of detection in described material-changing water tank and/or detect the hygrosensor of the temperature variation in described material-changing water tank.
The present invention also provides a kind of nuclear power plant non-active ultimate heat sink cooling means, comprises the following steps:
S1, by the first pipeline and/or second pipe, the water in the chilled water of material-changing water tank and/or the melt pit of containment is injected chilled water heat-exchanger rig and carry out heat exchange, the water in the chilled water of described material-changing water tank 1 and/or melt pit becomes hot water after heat exchange;
S2, be input to by the 3rd pipeline in the refrigeratory of non-active cooling device by described hot water, heat the closed circulating water system of non-active cooling device, described hot water becomes chilled water again after refrigeratory;
Wherein, produce steam in closed circulating water system heating process, steam is input in condenser by airway, the water cooling of steam in condenser under elevated tank spray, and cooled closed circulating water system flows into refrigeratory from condenser by fluid catheter;
S3, by the second water pump on the first water pump on the 4th pipeline and/or the 5th pipeline by described chilled water through spray equipment and/or peace note pipeline inject in described containment, described containment is lowered the temperature; Becoming hot water to the chilled water after described containment cooling collects in the melt pit of described containment again, carries out circulating cooling work again to be back to chilled water heat-exchanger rig.
The present invention realizes chilled water by chilled water heat-exchanger rig and non-active cooling device and circulates between material-changing water tank and containment, by the first water pump and the second water pump, chilled water is inputed in containment, to reach the effect of cooling containment, have and simplify building course, save the features such as the high and good cooling results of construction investment, stability, it has initial operating stage complete non-active characteristic when running in second generation nuclear power station, without the need to additionaling power; Both can cool in full factory dead electricity situation, also can as the alleviation means losing low-temperature receiver accident.
Chilled water forms dual interface at material-changing water tank, chilled water heat-exchanger rig, the cooling circuit that formed between non-active cooling device and containment in external environment condition and containment inner fluid, tolerable single-sided leaky, namely when only condenser occurs to leak, the sealing of entire system is unaffected, and containment sump water can not be caused to environmental leak.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of nuclear power plant of the present invention unifies embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the pipeline connection layout that the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of nuclear power plant of the present invention unifies embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the pipeline connection layout of non-active another embodiment of ultimate heat sink cooling system of nuclear power plant of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to there be understanding clearly to technical characteristic of the present invention, object and effect, now contrast accompanying drawing and describe the specific embodiment of the present invention in detail.
As Figure 1-3, the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of nuclear power plant of one embodiment of the invention, comprises material-changing water tank 1, containment 2, is connected to chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 between material-changing water tank 1 and containment 2 and non-active cooling device 4 in turn; Material-changing water tank 1 for filling chilled water, for system provides chilled water, to cool containment 2; Chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 is for carrying out heat interchange with chilled water; Chilled water can cool through non-active cooling device 4 after heating after heat interchange, then enters containment 2 or flow back in material-changing water tank 1.
Usually, the wall thickness of containment 2 is at about 1 meter, and thermal resistance is very big, good airproof performance, and radiomaterial can be stopped within it, even if there is nuclear leakage accident, radiomaterial also can be limited in containment 2 scope, cannot outwardly loss.Be provided with peace note pipeline 21 in containment 2, chilled water injects in containment 2 by this peace note pipeline 21 and cools containment 2; Containment 2 inner top is provided with spray equipment 22, and chilled water sprays to containment 2 by spray equipment 22 and cools containment 2; The bottom of containment 2 arranges melt pit 23, for collecting the water in containment 2, and can discharge containment 2, thus is derived by the heat in containment 2.
The non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of nuclear power plant by the setting of non-active cooling device 4, the system that realizes in emergent cooling situation (as chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 lost efficacy, nuclear power plant's power failure or dead electricity etc.) containment 2 is cooled.Non-active cooling device 4 comprises refrigeratory 41, the condenser 42 being connected refrigeratory by airway 44 with fluid catheter 45 and the elevated tank 43 utilizing potential energy to cool condenser 42, this elevated tank 43, for filling chilled water, utilizes the water of potential energy pouring to condenser 42 in cooler condenser 42; The setting position of condenser 42 is higher than the setting position of refrigeratory 41, thus condenser 42 is positioned at the top of refrigeratory 41, directly over comprising above this, the position such as oblique upper.The closed circuit that this refrigeratory 41, airway 44, the formation one that is interconnected between condenser 42 and fluid catheter 45 circulate for closed circulating water system.As a kind of embodiment, condenser 42 can comprise coil pipe, and coil pipe one end is connected to refrigeratory 41 upper end by airway 44, and the coil pipe other end is connected to the lower end of refrigeratory 42 by fluid catheter 45; And airway 44 is communicated with fluid catheter 45 by refrigeratory 41.In practice, elevated tank 43 can be arranged on the position higher than refrigeratory 41 such as mountain top.
Closed circulating water system can carry out heat interchange with the chilled water entering refrigeratory 41, to be cooled through the chilled water of this refrigeratory 41 in refrigeratory 41.When chilled water flows through this refrigeratory 41 in chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 heat interchange after heating water, this hot water can carry out heat interchange with its closed circulating water system in this refrigeratory 41, closed circulating water system is heated and can vaporizes, flow in condenser 42 by airway 44, reverting back to aqueous water after condensation flows back in refrigeratory 41 through fluid catheter 45 automatically, hot water then by with closed cycle hydrothermal exchange after Hui Leng.Closed circulating water system between heat absorption vaporization-exothermic condensation repeatedly, and can not need power.
The melt pit 23 of material-changing water tank 1 and containment 2 is connected the entrance point of chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 with second pipe 52 respectively by the first pipeline 51, chilled water in material-changing water tank 1 flow to chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 by the first pipeline 51, and the water in melt pit 23 flow to chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 by second pipe 52.The endpiece of chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 connects the entrance point of refrigeratory 41 by the 3rd pipeline 53, the water in the chilled water in material-changing water tank 1 and melt pit 23 enters refrigeratory 41 by the 3rd pipeline 53 again after supercooled water heat-exchanger rig 3.Spray equipment 22 is then connected the endpiece of refrigeratory 41 with peace note pipeline 21 with the 5th pipeline 55 respectively by the 4th pipeline 54, make the chilled water through subcooler 41 can enter in containment 2 respectively through the 4th pipeline 54, the 5th pipeline 55, containment 2 is cooled.And, the 4th pipeline 54 and the 5th pipeline 55 are respectively arranged with the first water pump 61 and the second water pump 62, chilled water can be injected containment 2 by the first water pump 61 and the work of the second water pump 62.
The entrance point position of chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 is also provided with the 3rd water pump 63, for being got chilled water in material-changing water tank 1 by the first pipeline 51 pump, is got water in melt pit 23 or pump get water in aforementioned two kinds by second pipe 52 pump.Liquid-level floater 11 can be provided with further, for detecting water level in material-changing water tank 1 in material-changing water tank 1; Or, be provided with hygrosensor 12 in material-changing water tank 1, for detecting the temperature variation in material-changing water tank 1; Understandably, also can be provided with this liquid-level floater 11 and hygrosensor 12 in material-changing water tank 1 simultaneously.
The first above-mentioned pipeline 51 to the 5th pipeline 55 is respectively equipped with operation valve 71,72,73,74,75, to control discharge in each pipeline or switch pipeline.Preferably, the operation valve 74 on the 4th pipeline 54 between the first water pump 61 and spray equipment 22, close on spray equipment 22 and arrange; Operation valve 75 on 5th pipeline 55 also can in the second water pump 62 and peace note pipeline 21 between, close on peace note pipeline 21 arrange.First pipeline 51 and second pipe 52 being also respectively equipped with retaining valve 81,82, by arranging retaining valve 81 on the first pipeline 51, can preventing the first pipeline 51 inner cooling water from flowing back in material-changing water tank 1; By arranging retaining valve 81 on second pipe 52, prevent the current in second pipe 52 from returning in melt pit 23.
Further, between the 4th pipeline 54 and the 5th pipeline 55, also can be provided with the 8th pipeline 58, for being communicated with the 5th pipeline 55 by the 4th pipeline 54.8th pipeline 58 one end is connected on the 4th pipeline 54 between the first water pump 61 and containment 2, and the other end is connected on the 5th pipeline 55 between the second water pump 62 and containment 2.Preferably, the 8th pipeline 58 one end connects the 4th pipeline 54 between operation valve 74 on the first water pump 61 and the 4th pipeline 54, connects the 5th pipeline 55 between the operation valve 75 of the 8th pipeline 58 other end on the second water pump 62 and the 5th pipeline 55.8th pipeline 58 also can arrange operation valve 78 as required.
When the first water pump 61 damage do not work time, need to adopt spray equipment 22 pairs of containments 2 to cool, worked by the second water pump 62, still chilled water can be flow to the 8th pipeline 58 from the 5th pipeline 55, then flow to spray equipment 22 after the 8th pipeline 58 flows to the 4th pipeline 54; Wherein, when not needing peace note pipeline 21 to cool containment 2, the operation valve 75 on the 5th pipeline 55 can be closed, otherwise then opening the operation valve 75 on the 5th pipeline 55.Equally, when the second water pump 62 damage do not work time, need adopt peace note pipeline 21 cool containment 2, work by the first water pump 61, chilled water is flow to the 8th pipeline 58 from the 4th pipeline 54, then flow to peace note pipeline 21 after the 8th pipeline 58 flows to the 5th pipeline 55; Wherein, when not needing spray equipment 22 to cool containment 2, the operation valve 74 on the 4th pipeline 54 can be closed, otherwise then open the operation valve 74 on the 4th pipeline 54.
Further, the 6th pipeline 56 is also connected with between the endpiece of material-changing water tank 1 and refrigeratory 41, material-changing water tank 1, first pipeline 51, chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3, the 3rd pipeline 53, be interconnected between refrigeratory 41 and the 6th pipeline 56 formation one material-changing water tank 1 cooling water circulation loop, chilled water in material-changing water tank 1 can flow to chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 through the first pipeline 51, carry out heating water after heat interchange, hot water flow to refrigeratory 41 and become chilled water again after cooling, then can flow back in material-changing water tank 1 through the 6th pipeline 56 again.6th pipeline 56 is provided with operation valve 76, for switch the 6th pipeline 56 or control discharge in the 6th pipeline 56.
The 7th pipeline 57 is provided with between elevated tank 43 and refrigeratory 41,7th pipeline 57 one end connects elevated tank 43, the other end extends to above condenser 42, chilled water in elevated tank 43 can be drenched on condenser 42, by the vaporize water condensed back into liquid water of condenser 42 inside by the 7th pipeline 57.For more evenly pouring above condenser 42 by the chilled water in elevated tank 43, spray head 431 can be set in the 7th pipeline 57 one end be positioned at above condenser 42.In addition, the 7th pipeline 57 is also provided with operation valve (not shown), for switch the 7th pipeline 57 or control discharge in the 7th pipeline 57.
Above-mentioned each water pump and operation valve etc. are all powered by Single-chip Controlling, high-energy battery.Wherein, chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 comprises at least one heat interchanger 31; As shown in Figure 2, as a kind of selectivity embodiment, chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 comprises a heat interchanger 31.Alternatively property embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 can comprise two heat interchanger 31, when wherein heat interchanger 31 fault can not use, then start another heat interchanger 31 to work, or two heat interchanger 31 work simultaneously, the heat interchange work of not influential system when wherein heat interchanger 31 fault.The quantity of this heat interchanger 31 is arranged as required, is not limited to one or two.
First pipeline 51 and one end of second pipe 52 are connected material-changing water tank 1 respectively and melt pit 23, first pipeline 51 is all connected the entrance point of heat interchanger 31 with the other end of second pipe 52; 3rd pipeline 53 one end connects the endpiece of heat interchanger 31, and the other end connects the entrance point of refrigeratory 41.Heat interchanger 31 is connected with water inlet pipe 32 for connecting low-temperature receiver and rising pipe 33; Low-temperature receiver enters heat interchanger 31 by water inlet pipe 32, after the water entered in heat interchanger 31 with the entrance point by heat interchanger 31 carries out heat interchange, by rising pipe 33 outflow heat exchanger 31.Low-temperature receiver can be the waters such as sea, river or reservoir.
Under normal circumstances, the cooling means of the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of this nuclear power plant be by the 3rd water pump 63 by the chilled water of material-changing water tank 1 or/and, the water in the melt pit 23 of containment 2 injects chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 and carries out heat exchange.In chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3, low-temperature receiver enters heat interchanger 31 by water inlet pipe 32, and injects the material-changing water tank 1 of chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 or/and after the water of melt pit 23 carries out heat interchange, to be flow back in low-temperature receiver and taken away by heat by rising pipe 33.
Especially, the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of this nuclear power plant be suitable under emergency conditions (as chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 lost efficacy, nuclear power plant's power failure or dead electricity etc.) containment 2 is cooled.Therefore, the present invention also provides a kind of nuclear power plant non-active ultimate heat sink cooling means, and realized by the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system work of above-mentioned nuclear power plant, with reference to figure 1-3, the method can comprise the following steps:
S1, by the first pipeline 51 and/or second pipe 52, the water in the melt pit 23 of the chilled water of material-changing water tank 1 and/or containment 2 is injected chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 and carry out heat exchange, the water in the chilled water of material-changing water tank 1 and/or melt pit 23 becomes hot water after heat exchange.Heat exchange mainly realizes in the heat interchanger 31 of chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3; Unlatching or the closedown of the first pipeline 51 and second pipe 52 control by the operation valve 71,72 on it respectively.
S2, be input to by the 3rd pipeline 53 in the refrigeratory 41 of non-active cooling device 4 by hot water, heat the closed circulating water system of non-active cooling device 4, hot water becomes chilled water again after refrigeratory 41.
Wherein, steam is produced in closed circulating water system heating process, steam is input in condenser 42 by airway 44, and the water cooling of steam in condenser 42 under elevated tank 43 sprays, cooled closed circulating water system flows into refrigeratory 41 from condenser 42 by fluid catheter 45.Cooled closed circulating water system flows into refrigeratory 41 from condenser 42 by fluid catheter 45 automatically mainly through potential difference.
Unlatching or the closedown of the 3rd pipeline 53 are controlled by the operation valve 73 on it.Hot water to be input in non-active cooling device 4 can be worked realization by the 3rd water pump 63 of the entrance point position being arranged on chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 by the 3rd pipeline 53.
S3, by the first water pump 61 on the 4th pipeline 54 and/or the second water pump 62 on the 5th pipeline 55, chilled water is injected in containment 2 through spray equipment 22 and/or peace note pipeline 21, containment 2 is lowered the temperature; Chilled water after lowering the temperature to containment 2 becomes hot water and collects in the melt pit 23 of containment 2 again, carries out circulating cooling work again to be back to chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3.Equally, the 4th pipeline 54 and the 5th pipeline 55 unlatching or close respectively by it operation valve 74,75 control.
With several concrete refrigerating mode, cooling means of the present invention is described below.
Safety shower pattern: when normal containment 2 sprays control inefficacy, cannot lower the temperature to temperature in containment 2, the water in the water now in the chilled water of material-changing water tank 1 or the melt pit 23 of containment 2 or the chilled water of material-changing water tank 1 and melt pit 23 becomes hot water after carrying out heat exchange by the heat interchanger 31 that the 3rd water pump 63 injects chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3; Open the operation valve on the 3rd pipeline 53, hot water is input in the refrigeratory 41 of non-active cooling device 4 by the endpiece of heat interchanger 31, the closed circulating water system of non-active cooling device 4 is heated, steam can be produced in closed circulating water system heating process, steam is input in condenser 42 by airway 44, run into the water under the spray in elevated tank 43, steam exothermic condensation, owing to there is potential difference, cooled closed circulating water system flows into refrigeratory 41 from condenser 42 by fluid catheter 45 automatically, and hot water becomes chilled water again after refrigeratory 41; Close the operation valve on the 6th pipeline 56, the operation valve on the 5th pipeline 55 simultaneously, by the first water pump 61 and the second water pump 62, chilled water is injected in containment 2, lowered the temperature by spray equipment 22 pairs of containments 2, the melt pit 23 that water collects in containment 2 again carries out circulating cooling work again to be back to heat interchanger 31.
Emergent peace injection-molded: when normal containment 2 safety injection system lost efficacy, reactor water loading amount cannot be maintained.Water in water in chilled water now in material-changing water tank 1 or the melt pit 23 of containment 2 or the chilled water of material-changing water tank 1 and melt pit 23 becomes hot water after carrying out heat exchange by the heat interchanger 31 that the 3rd water pump 63 injects chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3; Open the operation valve on the 3rd pipeline 53, hot water is input in the refrigeratory 41 of non-active cooling device 4 by the endpiece of heat interchanger 31, the closed circulating water system of non-active cooling device 4 is heated, steam can be produced in closed circulating water system heating process, steam is input in condenser 42 by airway 44, run into the water under the spray in elevated tank 43, steam exothermic condensation, owing to there is potential difference, cooled closed circulating water system flows into refrigeratory 41 from condenser 42 by fluid catheter 45 automatically, and hot water becomes chilled water again after refrigeratory 41; Close the operation valve on the 6th pipeline 56, the operation valve on the 4th pipeline 54 simultaneously, by the first water pump 61 and the second water pump 62, chilled water is injected in containment 2, lowered the temperature by peace note pipeline 21 pairs of containments 2, the melt pit 23 that water collects in containment 2 again carries out circulating cooling work again to be back to heat interchanger 31.
Safety shower, peace injection-molded: when normal containment 2 spray control and safety injection system inefficacy, the water in the water in the chilled water now in material-changing water tank 1 or the melt pit 23 of containment 2 or the chilled water of material-changing water tank 1 and melt pit 23 becomes hot water after carrying out heat exchange by the heat interchanger 31 that the 3rd water pump 63 injects chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3; Open the operation valve on the 3rd pipeline 53, hot water is input in the refrigeratory 41 of non-active cooling device 4 by the endpiece of heat interchanger 31, the closed circulating water system of non-active cooling device 4 is heated, steam can be produced in closed circulating water system heating process, steam is input in condenser 42 by airway 44, run into the water under the spray in elevated tank 43, steam exothermic condensation, owing to there is potential difference, cooled closed circulating water system flows into refrigeratory 41 from condenser 42 by fluid catheter 45 automatically, and hot water becomes chilled water again after refrigeratory 41; Operation valve simultaneously on the 6th pipeline 56, by the first water pump 61 and the second water pump 62, chilled water is injected in containment 2, lowered the temperature by spray equipment 22 and peace note pipeline 21 pairs of containments 2, the melt pit 23 that water collects in containment 2 again carries out circulating cooling work again to be back to heat interchanger 31.
In addition, the cooling means sea realized by the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of nuclear power plant of the present invention comprises emergent refrigerating mode: when extreme case or disaster, the low-temperature receiver entrance of chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 cannot work or blocked, containment 2 does not have the supply of low-temperature receiver, chilled water now in material-changing water tank 1 injects chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 by the 3rd water pump 63, and now, chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 cannot with low-temperature receiver heat exchange, on the contrary because other thermal source makes it to heat up, and need the chilled water input chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 in material-changing water tank 1 by the first pipeline 51, cooling water flow carries out heat interchange through the heat interchanger 31 of chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 and takes away the heat of chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3, chilled water becomes hot water owing to absorbing heat.The operation valve of the 3rd pipeline 53 is opened, hot water by the endpiece of heat interchanger 31 in the refrigeratory 41 that the 3rd pipeline 53 is input to non-active cooling device 4, the closed circulating water system of non-active cooling device 4 is heated, steam can be produced in closed circulating water system heating process, steam is input in condenser 42 by airway 44, run into the water under elevated tank 43 spray, steam exothermic condensation, owing to there is potential difference, cooled closed circulating water system flows into refrigeratory 41 from condenser 42 by fluid catheter 45 automatically, close the operation valve on the 4th pipeline 54 simultaneously, operation valve on 5th pipeline 55, hot water is become again chilled water and is back in material-changing water tank 1 by the 6th pipeline 56 and carries out circulating cooling work again after refrigeratory 41.
Chilled water forms dual interface at the cooling circuit of material-changing water tank 1, chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3, formation between non-active cooling device 4 and containment 2 in external environment condition and containment 2 inner fluid, tolerable single-sided leaky, namely when only condenser 42 occurs to leak, the sealing of entire system is unaffected, and containment sump 23 water can not be caused to environmental leak.In conjunction with the development of thermal conduction study, the present invention can be used for traditional prestress containment 2 and cools; Without the need to building large-sized steel containment, can building course be simplified, saving construction investment, not having steel corrosion to cause the thinning possibility of even boring a hole of containment, can guarantee that containment cooling is carried out continuously.This cooling circuit may be used for two generation nuclear power station safety upgrade, avoid direct water filling in containment 2, prevent containment 2 superpressure, avoid radioactivity to environmental emission.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present invention is limited; every utilize instructions of the present invention and accompanying drawing content to do equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of nuclear power plant, it is characterized in that, comprise for providing the material-changing water tank of chilled water (1), containment (2), be connected to chilled water heat-exchanger rig (3) between described material-changing water tank (1) and containment (2) and non-active cooling device (4) in turn;
Be provided with in described containment (2) and chilled water is injected in described containment (2) peace note pipeline (21) that described containment (2) cools, described containment (2) inner top is provided with the spray equipment (22) will cooled described containment (2) in cool water shower to described containment (2), and the bottom of described containment (2) is provided with the melt pit (23) for collecting the water in described containment (2);
Described non-active cooling device (4) comprises refrigeratory (41), is positioned at the top of described refrigeratory (41) and passes through airway (44) is connected described refrigeratory (41) condenser (42) with fluid catheter (45) and the elevated tank (43) utilizing potential energy to cool described condenser (42), the closed circuit that described refrigeratory (41), airway (44), the formation one that is interconnected between condenser (42) and fluid catheter (45) circulate for closed circulating water system;
Described material-changing water tank (1) and described melt pit (23) are connected the entrance point of described chilled water heat-exchanger rig (3) with second pipe (52) respectively by the first pipeline (51), the endpiece of described chilled water heat-exchanger rig (3) connects the entrance point of described refrigeratory (41) by the 3rd pipeline (53), described spray equipment (22) and peace note pipeline (21) are connected the endpiece of described refrigeratory (41) respectively by the 4th pipeline (54) and the 5th pipeline (55), and described 4th pipeline (54) and the 5th pipeline (55) are respectively arranged with the first water pump (61) and the second water pump (62).
2. the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of nuclear power plant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described first pipeline (51) to the 5th pipeline (55) is respectively equipped with operation valve (71,72,73,74,75), described first pipeline (51) and second pipe (52) are also respectively equipped with retaining valve (81,82).
3. the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of nuclear power plant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, also be connected with the 6th pipeline (56) between the endpiece of described material-changing water tank (1) and described refrigeratory (41), described material-changing water tank (1), the first pipeline (51), chilled water heat-exchanger rig (3), the 3rd pipeline (53), be interconnected between refrigeratory (41) and the 6th pipeline (56) formation one material-changing water tank (1) cooling water circulation loop; Described 6th pipeline (56) is provided with operation valve (76).
4. the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of nuclear power plant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the entrance point position of described chilled water heat-exchanger rig (3) is also provided with the 3rd water pump (63) being got the chilled water in described material-changing water tank (1) and/or the water in melt pit (23) by the first pipeline (51) and/or second pipe (52) pump.
5. the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of nuclear power plant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described condenser (42) comprises coil pipe, described coil pipe one end is connected to described refrigeratory (41) upper end by described airway (44), and the described coil pipe other end is connected to the lower end of described refrigeratory (41) by described fluid catheter (45); And described airway (44) is communicated with described fluid catheter (45) by described refrigeratory (41);
Described chilled water heat-exchanger rig (3) comprises at least one heat interchanger (31); Described first pipeline (51) and one end of second pipe (52) are connected described material-changing water tank (1) and melt pit (23) respectively, and described first pipeline (51) and the other end of second pipe (52) are all connected the entrance point of described heat interchanger (31); Described 3rd pipeline (53) one end connects the endpiece of described heat interchanger (31), and the other end connects the entrance point of described refrigeratory (41).
6. the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of nuclear power plant according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described heat interchanger (31) is connected with water inlet pipe (32) for connecting low-temperature receiver and rising pipe (33); Described low-temperature receiver enters described heat interchanger (31) by described water inlet pipe (32), after carrying out heat interchange with the water entered in described heat interchanger (31) of the entrance point by described heat interchanger (31), flow out described heat interchanger (31) by described rising pipe (33).
7. the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of nuclear power plant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the 7th pipeline (57) is provided with between described elevated tank (43) and described refrigeratory (41), described 7th pipeline (57) one end connects described elevated tank (43), and the other end extends to described condenser (42) top; Described 7th pipeline (57) is provided with operation valve.
8. the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of nuclear power plant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, between described 4th pipeline (54) and the 5th pipeline (55), be also provided with the 8th pipeline (58) be communicated with the 5th pipeline (55) by described 4th pipeline (54); Described 8th pipeline (58) one end is connected on described 4th pipeline (54) between described first water pump and containment (2), and described 8th pipeline (58) other end is connected on described 5th pipeline (55) between described second water pump and containment (2).
9. the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of the nuclear power plant according to any one of claim 1-8, it is characterized in that, be provided with the liquid-level floater (11) of detection described material-changing water tank (1) interior water level in described material-changing water tank (1) and/or detect the hygrosensor (12) of the temperature variation in described material-changing water tank (1).
10. use the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling means of nuclear power plant of the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of the nuclear power plant described in any one of claim 1-9, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
S1, by the first pipeline (51) and/or second pipe (52), the water in the melt pit (23) of the chilled water of material-changing water tank (1) and/or containment (2) is injected chilled water heat-exchanger rig (3) and carry out heat exchange, the water in the chilled water of described material-changing water tank (1) and/or melt pit (23) becomes hot water after heat exchange;
S2, described hot water is input in the refrigeratory (41) of non-active cooling device (4) by the 3rd pipeline (53), heat the closed circulating water system of non-active cooling device (4), described hot water becomes chilled water again after refrigeratory (41);
Wherein, steam is produced in closed circulating water system heating process, steam is input in condenser (42) by airway (44), the water cooling of steam in condenser (42) under elevated tank (43) spray, cooled closed circulating water system flows into refrigeratory (41) from condenser (42) by fluid catheter (45);
S3, by the second water pump (62) on the first water pump (61) on the 4th pipeline (54) and/or the 5th pipeline (55) by described chilled water through spray equipment (22) and/or peace note pipeline (21) inject in described containment (2), described containment (2) is lowered the temperature; Becoming hot water to the chilled water after described containment (2) cooling collects in the melt pit (23) of described containment (2) again, carries out circulating cooling work again to be back to chilled water heat-exchanger rig (3).
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| CN104134474B (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2017-01-11 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | passive cooling system |
| CN104464846A (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2015-03-25 | 中广核工程有限公司 | Passive high-order emergency cooling water supply system for nuclear power plant |
| CN104409115B (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2016-11-30 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | A kind of auxiliary for pool liquid heavy metal cooled reactor heats and Residual heat removal hybrid device |
| CN105387506B (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2019-05-28 | 启迪新核（北京）能源科技有限公司 | The safe heat-exchange system of deep-well low temperature nuclear heating reactor |
| CN108492899B (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2020-11-10 | 深圳中广核工程设计有限公司 | Movable emergency cooling device for spent fuel pool of nuclear power station |
| CN109190229B (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2020-05-15 | 西安交通大学 | Method for simulating condensation reflux of steam in steel containment vessel of nuclear power plant |
| CN110289110B (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2022-05-17 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | Nuclear power vessel containment heat removal system |
| CN115234330B (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2024-05-07 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Efficient and safe space nuclear power system and working method thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20161123 Address after: 518031 Guangdong city of Shenzhen province Futian District science and technology building, Shangbu road 18 Patentee after: China General Nuclear Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. Patentee after: Lingdong Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. Patentee after: China General Nuclear Power Corporation Address before: 518031 Guangdong city of Shenzhen province Futian District science and technology building, Shangbu road 18 Patentee before: China General Nuclear Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. Patentee before: China General Nuclear Power Corporation |