CN103901167B - High-pressure inflatable raft mat testing device and method for simulating coal seam mining - Google Patents
High-pressure inflatable raft mat testing device and method for simulating coal seam mining Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-pressure inflatable raft mat testing device and a high-pressure inflatable raft mat testing method for simulating coal seam mining, and belongs to the technical field of model tests in mining engineering. The device comprises an inflatable raft mat part, a pressure measuring device, an inflation device and a vacuumizing device, wherein an oxford fabric cover and an oxford fabric pull band of an inflatable raft mat are adhered to form a closed raft mat namely the inflatable raft mat part; the inflatable raft mat part is placed at a gob part of a test model; model coal pillars (2) are tightly attached to two sides of the closed raft mat; one end of a closed air pipe (6) is adhered to the oxford fabric cover (3) of the inflatable raft mat, and the other end of the closed air pipe (6) is connected with a pressure measuring meter (7) through a closed air pipe opening (10); the pressure measuring meter (7) is connected with an air valve (8); an air valve opening (9) is connected with the inflation device to inflate the closed raft mat to simulate a pressure-bearable coal seam; during gob simulation, the closed air pipe opening (10) is connected with the vacuumizing device. According to the device and the method, the problems of low gob simulation reliability and low stability in model form are solved, segmented and step-by-step gob simulation is realized, and the simulation process is in accordance with the actual coal mining process.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to modeling techniques field in mining engineering and underground works, be mainly used in mining engineering, underground engineering field carries out coal and rock digging technology in indoor similarity material test research or coal and rock adopt sky technology.
Background technology
In mining engineering, underground engineering field, often carry out analog material physical model test, exploitation (the adopting sky) process of analysis mode subterranean coal, disclose overlying strata and surface movement and deformation rule.At present, the analog material physical model of foundation is platform mainly with areal model testing table, so that sky is adopted in the direct cutting in coal seam in plane (two dimension) model.As (document: steeply-inclined seam mining rock moves the model test of basic law in brilliant, Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2004,23 (3): 441 ~ 445) Rock Displacement Movement caused for steeply-inclined seam mining and the basic law of subsidence have carried out experimental study, its test in specification (long × wide × high) for the areal model testing table of 3.0m × 0.3m × 1.2m carries out.(the document: gently inclined seam exploitation Equivalent Materials Testing research such as king's Kun, mapping and spatial geographic information, 2012,35 (12): 207-212) sink and move horizontally to having carried out the research of Equivalent Materials Testing for gentle inclined working face superincumbent stratum, its resemble simulation test adopts the rotary plane strain model test of Anhui University of Science and Technology, and its specification is: length × wide × height=2m × 0.2m × 2m.What the experimental study that Guo Hui etc. (document: the Equivalent Materials Testing of the mining subsidence overlying strata characteristics of motion, Beijing is surveyed and drawn, 2013, the 5th phase, 12-15) carry out also adopted is areal model testing table.Etc., the seam mining of these similarity material test all have employed directly cutting and adopts the methods such as empty.
If three-dimensional model, generally first should build and intend adopting empty coal seam part, require that coal seam has certain thickness and planar dimension, and its form should keep stable in construction model process, adopting null process can accurately control.So more difficult control technology, cause in current subterranean coal production model experimental study, the successful Application case of three-dimensional model experimental technique is less, as (documents: three-dimensional goaf air leaking simulation similar material model system such as literary riddles, mining safety and environmental protection, 2014,41 (3): 31-34) be that rotation stud perpendicular displacement by arranging at model bottom half carrys out control strip steel and is steadily elevated, to reach the control to production unit and workplace process about the exploitation in coal seam in the 3D modelling system researched and developed.(the document: the three-dimensional resemble simulation test research of the hydromining Overlying Strata In A Face characteristics of motion such as Tu Min, Huainan Polytechnique College's journal, 1998,18 (3): 24-28) the three-dimensional resemble simulation test carried out, have employed the recovery process etc. in the principle simulation coal seam of polyester foamed material heat fused.Although achieve a small amount of successful Application, for the three-dimensional simulation test with similar mat-erial experimental study of large-scale or complicated seam mining, also need to solve and optimize following gordian technique further:
(1) how in the three-dimensional model, adopt the material of dependable performance or device to build and intend adopting empty coal seam, and convenient operation.
(2) for the coal seam built in three-dimensional model (goaf), adopt unprecedented or on cover in coal and rock model building process how to keep its form stable.
(3) in three dimensional taest model, because coal seam is hidden in model inside, how to realize the segmentation in coal seam, substep adopts sky.
Summary of the invention
The present invention adopts high pressure air cushion principle, have developed a kind of simulate formation coal seam and adopts empty three-dimensional model test unit and method thereof.
For simulating a high-pressure aerated raft pad test unit for seam mining, it is characterized in that comprising four parts: i.e. pneumatic float pad part, pressure tester, aerating device, vacuum extractor; Pneumatic float pad Oxford cloth cover and oxford drawstring form airtight raft pad and pneumatic float pad part by bonding, are positioned over the position, goaf of test model, the closely connected model coal column 2 in airtight raft pad both sides.The airtight raft pad of many rows is set, between raft pad, there is raft pad gap 4.Pressure tester comprises airtight tracheae 6, pressure gauge 7, air valve 8, valve port while 9 and airtight gas tube orifice 10; Airtight tracheae 6 one end and pneumatic float pad Oxford cloth cover 3 are bonded together, and keep the leakproofness of raft pad, and the other end is connected by airtight gas tube orifice 10 with pressure gauge 7, and pressure gauge 7 is connected with air valve 8.Valve port while 9 connects aerating device to airtight raft pad gas, and simulation can the coal seam of pressure-bearing.When sky is adopted in simulation, air valve 8 is opened venting, and lay down from airtight gas tube orifice 10, airtight gas tube orifice 10 is connected vacuum extractor.
Apply the method for described device, it is characterized in that:
When subterranean coal adopts the test of sky three-dimensional model, pneumatic float pad Oxford cloth cover and oxford drawstring are formed airtight raft pad and pneumatic float pad part by bonding be positioned between model coal column 2 and simulate by goaf, use aerating device to raft pad insufflation gas, its force value is measured by pressure tester, high-pressure aerated rear raft pad is certain thickness tabular, this thickness needs customized according to simulation, between 20 ~ 100mm, pneumatic float pad plane sizes requires customized according to model test, goaf can be combined into by some pneumatic float pads, closely connected between two.Airtight tracheae 6 one end and pneumatic float pad Oxford cloth cover 3 are bonded together, and keep the leakproofness of raft pad, and the other end is connected by airtight gas tube orifice 10 with pressure gauge 7, and pressure gauge 7 is connected with air valve 8.Valve port while 9 is connected with air pump gas outlet 11, gives airtight raft pad gas by aerating device, and simulation can the coal seam of pressure-bearing.When sky is adopted in simulation, air valve 8 is opened venting, and lay down from airtight gas tube orifice 10, airtight gas tube orifice 10 is connected vacuum extractor.
The present invention adopts high pressure air cushion principle, have developed a kind of simulate formation coal seam and adopts empty three-dimensional model test unit and method thereof, mainly solve following technical matters:
(1) integrity problem of goaf device is simulated: the pneumatic float pad in simulation goaf adopts waterproof oxford to make, and intensity is high, impermeability good, and is equipped with accurate pressure tester, aerating device and vacuum extractor, and simulation is adopted empty respond well.
(2) goaf model forms stable problem: adopt high-pressure aerated valve pad to simulate coal seam, according to the similarity coefficient of test, accurately can determine thickness and the length and width of simulating coal seam.Tendon cloth drawstring can make the flatness of air cushion remain on ± 0.2mm within the scope of, the tabular with certain thickness and shape can be formed after adopting the inflation of sky test unit, air pressure controllable, guarantees that simulation coal seam goaf form keeps steady state in test model manufacturing process.
(3) sky test problem is adopted in goaf segmentation, substep: because the exploitation in actual coal seam adopts segmentation, step excavation, therefore high-pressure aerated raft pad can be made into some bulks, inflation valve pad can closely splice in model goaf, between raft pad gap 4 bracing wire that can ensure to be imbedded in the stay wire displacement sensor of below inflation valve pad some layers can pass through smoothly.By adopting segmentation, the substep successively evacuated for adjacent air cushion mode being achieved simulation goaf to adopt sky process of the test, fit like a glove with the order of actual coal mining process and step.
Therefore, adopt this test unit and method to simulate segmentation, the substep recovery process in goaf, greatly can improve the work efficiency of test, guarantee accuracy and the reliability of test.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 test unit vertical view
A-A sectional view in Fig. 2 Fig. 1.
Wherein 1. goafs; 2. model coal column; 3. high-pressure aerated raft pad Oxford cloth cover; 4. raft pad gap; 5. oxford drawstring; 6. airtight tracheae; 7. pressure gauge; 8. air valve; 9. valve port while; 10. airtight gas tube orifice.
Embodiment
The vertical view of test unit as shown in Figure 1, wherein 1. goafs; 2. model coal column; 3. high-pressure aerated raft pad Oxford cloth cover; 4. raft pad gap; 5. oxford drawstring; 6. airtight tracheae; 7. pressure gauge; 8. air valve; 9. valve port while; 10. airtight gas tube orifice; 11. air pump gas outlets; 12. high-pressure pumps; 13. vacuum pumps; 14. vacuum pump bleeding points.
The present invention is that empty three-dimensional model test unit and method thereof are adopted in a set of simulate formation coal seam, and overall technology comprises four parts, i.e. pneumatic float pad part, pressure tester, aerating device, vacuum extractor.See Fig. 1.Wherein pneumatic float pad part and pressure tester are gordian techniquies of the present invention.When subterranean coal adopts the test of sky three-dimensional model, being positioned over by pneumatic float pad between model coal column 2 simulates by goaf, use aerating device to raft pad insufflation gas, its force value (air pressure can reach 0.1MPa) is measured by pressure tester, high-pressure aerated rear raft pad is that certain thickness (needs customized according to simulation, between 20 ~ 100mm) tabular, pneumatic float pad plane sizes requires customized according to model test, goaf can be combined into by some pneumatic float pads, closely connected between two.The deflation course of null process and pneumatic float pad is adopted in coal seam, and uses vacuum extractor to be evacuated by pneumatic float pad, forms the thin slice that thickness is less than 1mm, adopts empty object to reach.
High-pressure aerated raft pad Oxford cloth cover 3 and oxford drawstring 5 form airtight raft pad by bonding, are positioned over the position, goaf 1 of test model, the closely connected model coal column 2 in both sides.The airtight raft pad of many rows is set according to the needs of model test size, between raft pad, there is raft pad gap 4.Airtight tracheae 6 one end and raft pad Oxford cloth cover 3 are bonded together, and keep the leakproofness of raft pad, and the other end is connected by airtight gas tube orifice 10 with pressure gauge 7, and pressure gauge 7 is connected with air valve 8.Valve port while 9 is connected with air pump gas outlet 11, gives airtight raft pad gas by high-pressure pump 12, and being formed can the coal seam of pressure-bearing.When sky is adopted in simulation, air valve 8 is opened venting, and lay down from airtight gas tube orifice 10, airtight gas tube orifice 10 is connected to vacuum pump 13 by vacuum pump bleeding point 14, vacuumize high-pressure aerated raft pad, sky is adopted in simulation coal seam.
Claims (2)
1., for simulating a high-pressure aerated raft pad test unit for seam mining, it is characterized in that comprising four parts: i.e. pneumatic float pad part, pressure tester, aerating device, vacuum extractor; Pneumatic float pad Oxford cloth cover and oxford drawstring form airtight raft pad and pneumatic float pad part by bonding, are positioned over the position, goaf of test model, the closely connected model coal column (2) in airtight raft pad both sides; The airtight raft pad of many rows is set, between raft pad, there is raft pad gap (4); Pressure tester comprises airtight tracheae (6), pressure gauge (7), air valve (8), valve port while (9) and airtight gas tube orifice (10); Airtight tracheae (6) one end and pneumatic float pad Oxford cloth cover (3) are bonded together, and keep the leakproofness of raft pad, and the other end is connected by airtight gas tube orifice (10) with pressure gauge (7), and pressure gauge (7) is connected with air valve (8); Valve port while (9) connects aerating device to airtight raft pad gas, and simulation can the coal seam of pressure-bearing; When sky is adopted in simulation, air valve (8) is opened venting, and lay down from airtight gas tube orifice (10), airtight gas tube orifice (10) is connected vacuum extractor.
2. application rights requires the method for device described in 1, it is characterized in that:
When subterranean coal adopts the test of sky three-dimensional model, pneumatic float pad Oxford cloth cover and oxford drawstring are formed airtight raft pad and pneumatic float pad part by bonding be positioned over and simulate by goaf between model coal column (2), use aerating device to raft pad insufflation gas, its force value is measured by pressure tester, high-pressure aerated rear raft pad is tabular, goaf is combined into by some pneumatic float pads, closely connected between two; Airtight tracheae (6) one end and pneumatic float pad Oxford cloth cover (3) are bonded together, and keep the leakproofness of raft pad, and the other end is connected by airtight gas tube orifice (10) with pressure gauge (7), and pressure gauge (7) is connected with air valve (8); Valve port while (9) is connected with air pump gas outlet (11), gives airtight raft pad gas by aerating device, and simulation can the coal seam of pressure-bearing; When sky is adopted in simulation, air valve (8) is opened venting, and lay down from airtight gas tube orifice (10), airtight gas tube orifice (10) is connected vacuum extractor.
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| CN104391104B (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2017-01-04 | 龙岩学院 | A kind of coal seam analog simulation experimental device and using method thereof |
| CN104597225B (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2016-03-30 | 河北煤炭科学研究院 | Seam mining three-dimensional physical simulation experimental provision and experimental technique |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102155225A (en) * | 2011-03-11 | 2011-08-17 | 中国矿业大学 | Filling and mining method of coal gases |
| CN102262148A (en) * | 2011-04-19 | 2011-11-30 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Three-dimensional experiment platform for solid filling and mining of coal mine |
| CN102866241A (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2013-01-09 | 重庆大学 | Three-directionally-loaded large-scale three-dimensional similarity simulation test method |
| CN102879549A (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2013-01-16 | 重庆大学 | Three-way load large-scale three-dimensional analog simulation test system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102155225A (en) * | 2011-03-11 | 2011-08-17 | 中国矿业大学 | Filling and mining method of coal gases |
| CN102262148A (en) * | 2011-04-19 | 2011-11-30 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Three-dimensional experiment platform for solid filling and mining of coal mine |
| CN102866241A (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2013-01-09 | 重庆大学 | Three-directionally-loaded large-scale three-dimensional similarity simulation test method |
| CN102879549A (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2013-01-16 | 重庆大学 | Three-way load large-scale three-dimensional analog simulation test system |
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