CN103900936B - Insulator salt density hydrophobicity rank tester - Google Patents
Insulator salt density hydrophobicity rank tester Download PDFInfo
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- CN103900936B CN103900936B CN201410115289.1A CN201410115289A CN103900936B CN 103900936 B CN103900936 B CN 103900936B CN 201410115289 A CN201410115289 A CN 201410115289A CN 103900936 B CN103900936 B CN 103900936B
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- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 5
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 230000003373 anti-fouling effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- BCAARMUWIRURQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicalcium;oxocalcium;silicate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca]=O.[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BCAARMUWIRURQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005685 electric field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003752 hydrotrope Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003278 mimic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QUCDWLYKDRVKMI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3,4-dimethylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1C QUCDWLYKDRVKMI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Testing Relating To Insulation (AREA)
- Insulators (AREA)
- Testing Resistance To Weather, Investigating Materials By Mechanical Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of grade analysis detecting device, particularly a kind of insulator salt density hydrophobicity rank tester, belong to transmission line of electricity technology insulation control pick-up unit.Comprise light emitting diode, photoresistance, potentiometer, display driver, display, single-chip microcomputer, triode, power supply and switch, be connected to both ends of power after the series arm of photoresistance and potentiometer is in parallel with light emitting diode, and the base stage of triode connects the common port of photoresistance and potentiometer, emitter connects power cathode, collector connects single-chip microcomputer, and single-chip microcomputer connects display by display driver, and switch, single-chip microcomputer are connected power supply with display driver.The present invention can prevent the dunghill of tested insulator insulator attachment in handling process from coming off without the need to seting out, not only improve the accuracy of measuring insulator salt density hydrophobic nature, and can greatly reduce the working strength of testing crew, improve work efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of grade analysis detecting device, particularly a kind of insulator salt density hydrophobicity rank tester, belong to transmission line of electricity technology insulation control pick-up unit.
Background technology
The close hydrophobic nature test of transmission line of electricity suspension insulator alite is the important content of electrical network antifouling work, is the method for testing obtaining operation of power networks insulator dirt-proof parameter.Run its surface of insulator of regular period, by the impact of surrounding environment on it, insulator porcelain part composite insulator material surface, because of under own electric field effect and suction-operated, insulator surface and ironware part can adhere to filth, when environment is dirty, insulator surface can form the filth identical with dirty source.When insulator contamination is formed a certain amount of, along with working voltage and humidity, current channel can be formed at insulator surface.For ensureing the safe operation of power network line, formulate the corresponding antifouling work precautionary measures, therefore, to test the close hydrophobic nature of transmission line of electricity suspension insulator alite, grasp method of testing and the result of the close hydrophobicity rank of salt (or saturated pollution degree), provide the new argument of the filthy grade classification of electrical network, namely with salt close hydrophobic nature determination gradation for surface pollution, formulate the precautionary measures for antifouling work.
At present, two kinds are mainly contained to the test of the close hydrophobic nature of salt, one is that staff is by tested insulator atomized water spray, then adopt high definition camera to take pictures, photo is taken back sensing chamber carries out the close hydrophobicity rank of salt detection and judgement by digital imaging processing software, the method is cumbersome, even can owing to taking pictures defective and turning back back and forth and take pictures, increase the workload of staff, and due to error problem of taking pictures, the accuracy that impact detects; Another kind of mode is taken by tested insulator to carry go back to sensing chamber and detect, not only increase workload and the working strength of staff, also can cause coming off of attachment dunghill in handling process, reduce the accuracy that the close hydrophobic nature of salt detects, reduce work efficiency.
Summary of the invention
According to above deficiency of the prior art, the problem to be solved in the present invention is: provide a kind of without the need to insulator of seting out, improve accuracy in detection, reduce the working strength of testing crew, the insulator salt density hydrophobicity rank tester of increasing work efficiency.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
Described insulator salt density hydrophobicity rank tester, comprise light emitting diode, photoresistance, potentiometer, display driver, display, single-chip microcomputer, triode, power supply and switch, both ends of power is connected to after the series arm of photoresistance and potentiometer is in parallel with light emitting diode, the base stage of triode connects the common port of photoresistance and potentiometer, and emitter connects power cathode, and collector connects single-chip microcomputer, single-chip microcomputer connects display by display driver, and switch, single-chip microcomputer are connected power supply with display driver.Switch connects positive source, between the connection branch road being arranged on positive source and display driver.
Described light emitting diode and photoresistance are separately positioned on the two ends on U-type groove top, and U-type groove bottom connects housing, and enclosure interior arranges potentiometer, display driver, display, single-chip microcomputer, triode VT1 and power supply V1.Described insulator salt density hydrophobicity rank tester circuit is simple, selects general purpose board mounting circuit components and parts, selects the general purpose board of 6X5.4cm, reduces the power of detecting device, improves reliability, and reduces costs, and reduces the usage quantity of electronic component as far as possible.Housing is set to flat, is convenient for carrying and uses.
Preferred further, display adopts 6 grade display lamps and a display screen, and grade display lamp and display screen are arranged on housing, housing is also provided with the switch connecting enclosure interior circuit.Conveniently process according to display situation, grade display lamp display hydrophobicity rank, display screen is the close value of display salt.
Preferred further, power acquisition dry cell or accumulator.Battery is as small as possible, selects No. 7 batteries, reduces volume, is convenient for carrying.
Preferred further, triode adopts 2SC1815.The enlargement factor of triode 2SC1815 is approximately 150.
Preferred further, potentiometer Pg adopts 5K Ω potentiometer.The value of potentiometer is along with the difference of photoresistance regulates, the potentiometer of the design reaches desirable state when being transferred to 1K Ω, when transmission of electricity porcelain bottle insulators in photoelectric probe has the globule to move back angle, the mean value of potentiometer is 3.6K Ω, when moving back angle without the globule, the mean value of potentiometer is 1K Ω, and the refractive index of the globule is 1.34, the globule refractive index of transmission of electricity porcelain bottle insulators, select 5K Ω potentiometer, rear circuit to be debugged so that assembled.
Described insulator salt density hydrophobicity rank analyzing detecting method, comprises the following steps:
Insulator to be detected water spray is formed the globule, then the switch of close detector, the U-type groove of detecting device upper end is covered the globule of spraying water and being formed, light emitting diode is luminous, the reception of light is carried out in photoresistance, photoresistance is by the voltage at potentiometer two ends under the resistance of light determination photoresistance received after the globule and both end voltage and dividing potential drop effect, and then make triode by or conducting, then single-chip microcomputer is transmitted signals to, signal analysis and output is carried out by single-chip microcomputer, control display driver action simultaneously, carry out the display of the close hydrophobicity rank of salt.
Insulator to be detected water spray is formed electrode at insulator surface, then the switch of close detector, the U-type groove of detecting device upper end is covered the globule of spraying water and being formed, light emitting diode is luminous, the reception of light is carried out in photoresistance, photoresistance is by the voltage at potentiometer two ends under the resistance of light determination photoresistance received after the globule and both end voltage and dividing potential drop effect, and then make triode by or conducting, then single-chip microcomputer is transmitted signals to, signal analysis and output is carried out by single-chip microcomputer, control display driver action simultaneously, carry out the display of the close grade of salt.
After switch is closed, lumination of light emitting diode, after water spray has the globule, owing to successively there is refraction effect, the light entering photoresistance is little, and the resistance of now photoresistance is very large, under the dividing potential drop effect of photoresistance, the voltage at potentiometer two ends is less than 0.7V, triode is in cut-off state, and display circuit is not reported to the police, and HC1-HC6 grade display lamp does not show.When spraying water without when moving back angle, directly there is not deviation by the drop globule in light, the resistance of photoresistance diminishes, the voltage at two ends diminishes thereupon, the voltage causing potentiometer two ends to be got becomes large, when potentiometer both end voltage is greater than 0.7V, triode is in conducting state, the voltage at alarm module two ends is sharply elevated to, single-chip microcomputer receive by analyzing after the voltage signal of triode, and then determine the resistance of photoresistance, finally determine receding angle, and shown by HC1-HC6 grade display lamp, simultaneously can also basis by carrying out analysis and calculation certainty equivalents salt density (ESDD) value after the voltage signal of triode, shown by display screen.
The beneficial effect that the present invention has is:
Described insulator salt density hydrophobicity rank tester is according to electric system antifouling work needs, a kind of insulator special defilement and insulation alite close hydrophobicity rank dedicated analysis detecting device of invention development, it is the new method that the detection of alternative traditional insulator contamination sampling is analyzed, adopt insulator contamination salt close hydrophobicity rank dedicated analysis detecting device, can prevent the dunghill of tested insulator insulator attachment in handling process from coming off without the need to seting out, not only improve the accuracy of measuring insulator salt density hydrophobic nature, and the working strength of testing crew can be greatly reduced, improve work efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is circuit theory diagrams of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is paths schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the close Cleaning Principle block diagram of salt of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is hydrophobic nature Cleaning Principle block diagram of the present invention;
Wherein, LED, light emitting diode; Rg, photoresistance; Pg, potentiometer; VT1, triode; V1, power supply; S, switch; 1, display driver; 2, display; 3, single-chip microcomputer; 4, U-type groove; 5, housing; 6, grade display lamp; 7, switch; 8, display screen.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are described further:
As Figure 1-Figure 5, insulator salt density hydrophobicity rank tester of the present invention, comprise LED, photoresistance Rg, potentiometer Pg, display driver 1, display 2, single-chip microcomputer 3, triode VT1, power supply V1 and switch S, power supply V1 two ends are connected to after the series arm of photoresistance Rg and potentiometer Pg is in parallel with LED, the base stage of triode VT1 connects the common port of photoresistance Rg and potentiometer Pg, emitter connects power supply V1 negative pole, collector connects single-chip microcomputer 3, single-chip microcomputer 3 connects display 2 by display driver 1, switch S, single-chip microcomputer 3 is connected power supply V1 with display driver 1, LED and photoresistance Rg are separately positioned on the two ends on U-type groove 4 top, U-type groove 4 bottom connects housing 5, housing 5 inside arranges potentiometer Pg, display driver 1, display 2, single-chip microcomputer 3, triode VT1 and power supply V1.
Described U-type groove (U-shaped energy area coverage 2mm
2) globule of water spray is covered in U-type groove, light emitting diode and the photoresistance of both sides each side high brightness in two gaps are opened in the left and right of U-type groove, ground, U-shaped gap size can not be too little, otherwise can diffraction be produced, the fundamental purpose of the covering of two slit gaps is that the light by covering will be reflected, at this time only has little light by the slit area coverage between photoresistance, the resistance of photoresistance is very large, therefore due to dividing potential drop effect, the voltage at potentiometer two ends is very little, triode is in cut-off state, data do not show, when the insulator surface of power transmission line is long-pending there is no a globule time, light is propagated along solid line, the resistance of photoresistance becomes very little, therefore due to dividing potential drop effect, the voltage at potentiometer two ends becomes large, triode is in conducting state, driving circuit (or HC1-HC6) data show.
Wherein, display 2 adopts 6 grade display lamps 6 and a display screen 8, and grade display lamp 6 and display screen 8 are arranged on housing 5, housing 5 is also provided with the switch 7 connecting housing 5 internal circuit.Power supply V1 adopts dry cell or accumulator, and triode VT1 adopts 2SC1815, and potentiometer Pg adopts 5K Ω potentiometer.
Described insulator salt density hydrophobicity rank analyzing detecting method, comprises the following steps:
Insulator to be detected water spray is formed the globule, then the switch of close detector, the U-type groove 4 of detecting device upper end is covered the globule that water spray is formed, light emitting diode LED is luminous, photoresistance Rg carries out the reception of light, photoresistance Rg is by the voltage at potentiometer Pg two ends under the resistance of light determination photoresistance received after the globule and both end voltage and dividing potential drop effect, and then make triode VT1 by or conducting, then single-chip microcomputer 3 is transmitted signals to, signal analysis and output is carried out by single-chip microcomputer 3, control display driver 1 action simultaneously, carry out the display of the close hydrophobicity rank of salt.
Wherein, during artificial pollution test, pollution severity of insulators degree represents with ash is close with salt is close, and equivalent salt density is naturally filthy for describing on-the-spot insulator.With reference to disc insulator (referencecapandpininsulator): for measuring and describe the insulator of site pollution degree.IEC60815 is defined as circuit standard cap and pin type suspension insulator (dish footpath 255mm, structure height 146mm, creep distance 300mm) traditionally; China's product type is that XP-70 and XP-160, LXP-70, LXP-160, XWP2-70 and XWP2-160 are also as reference insulator.
Sampling scope, i.e. creepage distance: along insulator dielectric surface two ends gold utensil between bee-line or bee-line sum, the surface of the cement between the gold utensil of two ends and other non-insulating material any be not counted in climb from.
During sampling pollution test, salt close (SDD): the sodium chloride total amount and the insulating surface area ratio that are coated on test product insulator dielectric surface, be expressed as uc/cm
2(mg/cm
2).
The equivalent salt deposit density (ESDD) that sampling is filthy: conductivity is equal to the sodium chloride total amount and insulating surface area ratio of dissolving the naturally filthy hydrotrope in rear on-the-spot insulator dielectric surface, is expressed as uc/cm
2(mg/cm
2).
Insolubles density (NSDD): insulating surface non-water soluble substance total amount and insulating surface area ratio, be expressed as uc/cm
2(mg/cm
2).
Site pollution degree (SPS): with reference to maximum equivalent salt density and the ash close (filthy sampling must be carried out in the contamination later stage in season) of insulator surface contamination acquisition in continuous 3 to 5 years.
When insulator hydrophobicity rank analyzes detecting device use, user puts on special gloves.Under the prerequisite of the structure after not changing former water spray, adopt simple mimic channel and U-shaped photo-electric conversion element to realize hydrophobic nature and judge and show HC1-HC6 hydrophobicity rank thus.
HC1: the only separative globule, receding angle θ r >=80 ° of most of globule;
HC2: the receding angle 50 °≤θ r<80 ° of most of globule;
HC3: the globule is no longer round, the receding angle 20 °≤θ r50 ° of most of globule;
HC4: the globule and the water-band that simultaneously there is separation, completely moistening water-band area is less than 2mm
2, the total area is less than 90% of tested region area;
HC5: some completely moistening water-band areas are greater than 2mm
2, the total area is less than 90% of tested region area;
HC6: out of service.
Structure of the present invention is simple, portable, be suitable for ground and work high above the ground, adopt photoelectric sensing method, be applicable to the insulator of various model, on-the-spot hydrophobicity rank analyzing detecting method, solve because porcelain vase specification is different, artificial manually cause ironware part to have nothing to do filthy to be scattering in measuring appliance, to cause described data inaccurate or excessive, cause the problem that hydrophobic grade is excessive.
Claims (6)
1. an insulator salt density hydrophobicity rank tester, it is characterized in that: comprise light emitting diode (LED), photoresistance (Rg), potentiometer (Pg), display driver (1), display (2), single-chip microcomputer (3), triode (VT1), power supply (V1) and switch (S), power supply (V1) two ends are connected to after the series arm of photoresistance (Rg) and potentiometer (Pg) is in parallel with light emitting diode (LED), the base stage of triode (VT1) connects the common port of photoresistance (Rg) and potentiometer (Pg), emitter connects power supply (V1) negative pole, collector connects single-chip microcomputer (3), single-chip microcomputer (3) connects display (2) by display driver (1), switch (S), single-chip microcomputer (3) is connected power supply (V1) with display driver (1),
Described light emitting diode (LED) and photoresistance (Rg) are separately positioned on the two ends on U-type groove (4) top, U-type groove (4) bottom connects housing (5), housing (5) inside arranges potentiometer (Pg), display driver (1), display (2), single-chip microcomputer (3), triode (VT1) and power supply (V1).
2. insulator salt density hydrophobicity rank tester according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described display (2) adopts 6 grade display lamps (6) and a display screen (8), grade display lamp (6) and display screen (8) are arranged on housing (5), housing (5) are also provided with the switch (7) connecting housing (5) internal circuit.
3. insulator salt density hydrophobicity rank tester according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described power supply (V1) adopts dry cell or accumulator.
4. insulator salt density hydrophobicity rank tester according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described triode (VT1) adopts 2SC1815.
5. insulator salt density hydrophobicity rank tester according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described potentiometer (Pg) adopts 5K Ω potentiometer.
6. use an analyzing detecting method for insulator salt density hydrophobicity rank tester as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
Insulator to be detected water spray is formed the globule, then the switch of close detector, the U-type groove (4) of detecting device upper end is covered the globule of spraying water and being formed, light emitting diode (LED) is luminous, the reception of light is carried out in photoresistance (Rg), photoresistance (Rg) is by the voltage at potentiometer (Pg) two ends under the resistance of light determination photoresistance received after the globule and both end voltage and dividing potential drop effect, and then make triode (VT1) by or conducting, then single-chip microcomputer (3) is transmitted signals to, signal analysis and output is carried out by single-chip microcomputer (3), control display driver (1) action simultaneously, carry out the display of the close hydrophobicity rank of salt.
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CN104991169A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-10-21 | 石河子大学 | Insulator pollution flashover detection method based on electro-optic effect |
CN107843336A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-03-27 | 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 | A kind of pilot light shines intensity detecting device and method |
CN108760579B (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2020-12-15 | 国网山东省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Method for judging hydrophobic migration characteristics of silicone rubber based on different salt components |
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CN2278223Y (en) * | 1996-05-26 | 1998-04-08 | 许大民 | Instrument for testing surface insulating property of insulator |
CN1766546A (en) * | 2005-11-11 | 2006-05-03 | 华北电力大学(北京) | Portable electric water spray device for online detection of hydrophobicity of compound insulator |
CN101403676B (en) * | 2008-10-28 | 2011-08-31 | 华北电力大学 | Insulator hydrophobicity rank amalgamation judging method based on D-S evidence theory |
CN202310117U (en) * | 2011-08-12 | 2012-07-04 | 武汉康普常青软件技术有限公司 | Salt deposit density on-line monitoring system based on WIFI communication network |
CN102494971A (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2012-06-13 | 河北省电力建设调整试验所 | Method for detecting hydrophobic nature of composite insulator based on dynamic contact angles |
CN102680363B (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2014-04-02 | 天津大学 | Composite insulator hydrophobicity evaluating device and method based on dynamic drip ultrasound characteristic |
CN102980838B (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2015-06-17 | 航天科工深圳(集团)有限公司 | Method for detecting hydrophobicity of insulator |
CN203869989U (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2014-10-08 | 国家电网公司 | Detector for rank analysis of salt deposit density and hydrophobicity of insulators for power transmission and distribution |
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