CN103893991A - Heat cycle extraction concentration method for traditional Chinese medicine - Google Patents
Heat cycle extraction concentration method for traditional Chinese medicine Download PDFInfo
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- CN103893991A CN103893991A CN201410162646.XA CN201410162646A CN103893991A CN 103893991 A CN103893991 A CN 103893991A CN 201410162646 A CN201410162646 A CN 201410162646A CN 103893991 A CN103893991 A CN 103893991A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a heat cycle extraction concentration method for traditional Chinese medicine. According to the method, a suit of equipment is used, heat cycle and solvent cycle are reached through microcomputer control in a sealing system consisting of extraction and concentration, and the temperature, pressure and flow speed are controllable (low temperature extraction is permitted), thus the energy consumption and solvent consumption are furthest saved, and the extracting solution quality is improved and stabilized. The system mainly consists of a traditional Chinese medicine extracting tank, a filter, an extracting solution heat exchanger, a rising film evaporator, a gas-liquid separator, a steam compressor, a circulating pump, a concentrated liquor tank, a PLC full automatic control system, an operating platform, an electric instrument control cabinet and a valve. A fully sealed negative pressure extraction concentration system is formed in the extracting tank, the rising film evaporator and the gas-liquid separator, so that automatic heat conversion and condensate water reutilization during the medicine cycle extraction concentration process are realized, the degree of automation, safety performance and environmental performance are improved, and the method is convenient to operate, low in energy consumption and low in human cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Chinese medicine thermal circulation extracting concentrating method.Compared with extracting method for concentration with traditional Chinese medicine, the present invention will extract and the concentrated closed system forming with a set of equipment, by microcomputer control, reach heat circulation and solvent circulation, and temperature, pressure and flow velocity controlled (can low temperature extract), thereby realize and save to greatest extent energy consumption and solvent consumption, improve and stablized extract quality.
Background technology
Herbal medicine immersion extracts, concentrates is the important step of Chinese medicine preparation, and the quality of its technique directly has influence on drug quality and result for the treatment of.The leaching process of Chinese medicine forms by infiltrating infiltration, desorb dissolving, diffusion and solvent exchange three phases, according to diffusion mass transfer theory, the concentration difference of the inside and outside active ingredient of cell is larger, and active ingredient is faster to the speed of extracellular diffusion, and effective ingredient dissolution rate is higher.Traditional Chinese medicine extraction will reach fast, stripping object completely, within the unit interval, make in medicinal material tissue the solute in solute and dissolution fluid keep higher concentration poor, also need suitable solvent, extracting method, extraction temperature, operating pressure, extraction time etc.The concentration process of Chinese medicine extract is process that materials different volatility is separated under the state of boiling, and evaporation is concentrated important means, the methods such as evaporation can be divided into that normal pressure is concentrated, reduced pressure concentration, film are concentrated, Multi-effect concentration.
The extraction temperature of decocting method, the steam distillation etc. of traditional extraction technique is generally at the boiling point place of solvent (80 ℃～100 ℃), and need quantity of solvent large, exist thermal sensitivity active ingredient to be easily damaged and the easy loss of volatile component, extraction time are long, liquid measure to be concentrated is large shortcoming; Though infusion process, percolation etc. can extract at low temperature, need quantity of solvent large, also there is the shortcoming that extraction time is long, liquid measure to be concentrated is large.It is high that traditional concentration technique exists thickening temperature, and concentration time is long, and active ingredient and volatile ingredient have loss, complex operation step, the easy fouling of equipment, the problems such as discharging of waste liquid.As traditional evaporation concentration equipment reactor and single effect evaporator, shortcoming is energy consumption high (one ton of water of every evaporation needs 1 to 1.5 ton of steam), the time is long, automaticity is low, and manual operation randomness is larger, and extract quality is unstable.The multi-effect evaporator of developed recently and jet pump, though more energy-conservation than legacy equipment, its heat energy has larger loss with cooling water, energy-saving effect is very good not.Except above-mentioned shortcoming, tradition is extracted, concentration technology remains in controlled condition (as temperature) heterogeneity, complex operation, the artificial shortcoming that intensity is large, energy consumption is large.TCEC system adopts the MVR evaporimeter of at present international the most energy-conservation, domestic firm development, has overcome the shortcoming of traditional concentrated existence, have that automaticity is high, heating has a narrow range of temperature, simple to operate, save the advantages such as energy consumption.
In view of most of Chinese herbal medicines all have thermal sensitivity, should not at high temperature extract concentratedly, and extract long, the shortcoming such as energy consumption is large, recovery rate is low of concentration process time, seeking extraction concentration technique that energy-saving low-temperature refluxes becomes the vital task of traditional Chinese medicine extraction.At present, the energy-conservation Chinese medicine low temperature occurring on market extracts concentrator and is made up of Chinese medicine extracting tank, hot reflux condenser, oil water separator, evaporimeter, heater, vavuum pump and vacuum tank etc., the indirect steam that heater and evaporimeter produce enters into extractor after being condensed into liquid, heat energy part is utilized again, the liquid that is partly cooled is taken away, and the steam of equipment fails to be all condensed into solvent, uncooled steam is extracted out and is got rid of by vavuum pump, causes the loss of energy and solvent.
Summary of the invention
For prior art exist deficiency, patent of the present invention provide a kind of energy-efficient, can extract concentrated automation traditional Chinese medicine extraction method for concentration by low temperature.In theory, this technology can realize heat energy, solvent whole reclaiming zero discharging, in fact, because of the thermal diffusion of running equipment surface, can lose a small amount of heat energy.
The present invention, combine and decoct extraction, diacolation extraction, counter-flow extraction and four kinds of extraction principles of backflow extracting, the extraction of Chinese medicine, concentrated two procedures are synchronously carried out, once complete traditional Chinese medicine extraction, novel concentrating process, and change the high temperature decocting process of with pressure and normal pressure in traditional extractor, utilize negative pressure of vacuum, reduce boiling point, carry out low temperature extraction low temperature concentrated, make the operating temperature in extractor be controlled at 20 ℃～90 ℃, thickening temperature is controlled at 60 ℃～85 ℃, is particularly suitable for Chinese medicine especially concentrated containing the extraction of the Chinese medicine of temperature-sensitive active ingredient.
The present invention, its process comprises: in extractor, carry out the extraction of Chinese medicine composition, described extractor is a steam jacket heating tank, heating tank interlayer is provided with initial steam introducting interface and steam-condensation water out, extractor lower end is provided with extract discharge line, extractor upper end is provided with solvent and adds supplementary pipeline and circulating solvent import pipe, after the Chinese medicine extract of being discharged by extractor is filtered, after delivering into the heat absorption of extract heat exchanger by extract delivery pump, deliver to again climbing film evaporator, extract imports from the lower end of climbing film evaporator, carry out heat exchange in climbing film evaporator after, Chinese medicine extract heat absorption is heated up and become the gas liquid mixture with medicament effective component, derive by climbing film evaporator upper end the gas liquid mixture coming and enter gas-liquid separator, gas liquid mixture is separated into the gas on top and the water liquid that contains drug ingedient of bottom in gas-liquid separator, between the top of gas-liquid separator and the entrance of the heat release passage of climbing film evaporator, be provided with vapour compression machine, because gas weight is gently drawn into vapour compression machine, vapour compression machine is converted into heat energy by work done by mechanical energy, gas in gas-liquid separator is through making the pressure of described gas increase after vapour compression machine compression, temperature raises, in climbing film evaporator, after heat release, be condensed into circulating solvent by the gas that pressure increases and temperature raises, circulating solvent is delivered to extractor circulation after circulating solvent delivery pump delivers into extract heat exchanger continuation heat release again, and the water liquid that contains drug ingedient is present in the bottom of gas-liquid separator, the water liquid that contains drug ingedient that is present in the bottom of gas-liquid separator is entered in climbing film evaporator and is absorbed heat and also again enter gas-liquid separator separates by water liquid circulation delivery pump delivery cycle again, until the liquid of the output in gas-liquid separator is transported to dope tank through concentrate delivery pump after on-line densimeter detects the proportion that reaches setting.
The present invention, between described extract heat exchanger and climbing film evaporator, be provided with heat fine setting heat exchanger, the Chinese medicine extract of being discharged by extractor is successively through delivering to climbing film evaporator after the heat recipient passage of filter, extract delivery pump, extract heat exchanger and the heat recipient passage of heat fine setting heat exchanger again, the heat release feeder connection of heat fine setting heat exchanger connects initial steam, its heat release channel outlet is converged and is connected with described circulating solvent passage after switching by the second change-over switch, and heat fine setting heat exchanger is to start and come into operation in the concentrated starting stage or in the time that system temperature is lower.
The present invention, the heat release passage of heat exchange is set in climbing film evaporator, heat release feeder connection connects initial steam, its heat release channel outlet is converged and is connected with described circulating solvent passage after switching by the second change-over switch, in the concentrated starting stage or in the time that system temperature is lower, importing initial steam is climbing film evaporator heat temperature raising.
The present invention, between the outlet and the second change-over switch of the heat exchange heat release passage of described climbing film evaporator, be provided with cold fine setting heat exchanger, the entrance of the cold passage of suction of cold fine setting heat exchanger is connected with the outlet of the heat exchange heat release passage of climbing film evaporator, the outlet of the cold passage of suction of cold fine setting heat exchanger is connected with the second change-over switch, the entrance that lets cool passage of cold fine setting heat exchanger connects the water inlet of recirculated cooling water, and the outlet that lets cool passage of cold fine setting heat exchanger connects the backwater of recirculated cooling water.
The present invention, between the outlet of filter and the entrance of extract delivery pump, is provided with the first change-over switch, and the first change-over switch is provided with cleaning fluid import pipe; Between the outlet and the first change-over switch of filter, be provided with cleaning discharge tube, after production finishes or while changing kind, start automatic flushing device, cleaning fluid goes to extract delivery pump by the first change-over switch, all equipment and pipeline are carried out circulation flushing by route when concentrated according to extraction, and waste liquid, finally by crossing extractor and filter, is discharged in the outlet of filter.
The present invention, described solvent is water or the aqueous solution that contains 30%～60% ethanol.
The present invention, is provided with automatic valve or and control valve in the input port of input/output port, the input/output port of concentrate delivery pump and the extract of climbing film evaporator of the input/output port of the input/output port of the input/output port of extractor, extract delivery pump, water liquid circulation delivery pump, circulating solvent delivery pump.
The present invention is provided with automatic valve between the input of described extract delivery pump and output; Between the input of described circulating solvent delivery pump and output, be provided with automatic valve.
The present invention, because Chinese medicine extracting tank lower end is communicated with climbing film evaporator lower end by filter, extract delivery pump and extract heat exchanger, extractor upper end is communicated with climbing film evaporator lower end by extract heat exchanger, climbing film evaporator upper end is communicated with gas-liquid separator, the outlet of gas-liquid separator upper steam is communicated with climbing film evaporator by vapour compression machine, the outlet of separator lower end dope is connected with dope tank, forms totally enclosed negative pressure and extracts concentration systems.
The present invention, its operation principle and feature are: 1. under negative pressure of vacuum environment, Chinese medicine cell is accelerated to expand, force cell membrane to break rapidly, intracellular active ingredient is constantly separated and stripping, and under negative pressure, the explosive evaporation temperature control of liquid, at 60 ℃～90 ℃, not only can improve extraction rate but also can avoid temperature-sensitive effective ingredient to be damaged; 2. the gas of gas-liquid separator separates enters vapour compression machine and compresses elevate the temperature (being called heating steam), enter again the heating clamber of climbing film evaporator as thermal source, make feed liquid maintain fluidized state, after heating steam heat release, be condensed into water, the condensed water (being liquid solvent) of this part is under the effect of circulating solvent delivery pump, continue the first feed liquid (extract) entering before evaporimeter to carry out preheating through extract heat exchanger, take full advantage of latent heat, not only improve the thermal efficiency but also save energy consumption; 3. in extract heat exchanger, the condensed water after heat release can be directly as novel solvent (being circulating solvent) without process condenser, constantly flow on the medicinal material in extractor, the drug concentration of this part solvent is zero, make to remain in tank the highest concentration difference, play the effect of Dynamic Extraction diacolation, then extract enters continuously in climbing film evaporator and gas-liquid separator and concentrates, and has not only saved energy consumption but also improved the recovery rate of effective ingredient.
The present invention, realize the cycling and reutilization of heat energy and solvent, save to greatest extent energy loss, compared with prior art, realized in medicinal material circulation extracting concentrating process heat conversion and solvent cycling and reutilization automatically, and extractor can disposablely feed intake at full capacity, inventory is not limited by ratio in principle, thereby increase work efficiency, easy to operate, energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is embodiment of the present invention Chinese medicine thermal circulation extracting concentrating system flow schematic diagram.
In figure, 1, extractor; 2, filter; 3, extract heat exchanger; 4, cold fine setting heat exchanger; 5, heat fine setting heat exchanger; 6, climbing film evaporator; 7, gas-liquid separator; 8, vapour compression machine; 9, the first change-over switch; 10, the second change-over switch; 20, proportion monitoring device; P1, extract delivery pump; P2, water liquid circulation delivery pump; P3, circulating solvent delivery pump; P4, concentrate delivery pump; A1-A29 is automatic valve, and B1-B4 is ratio adjusting valve.
The specific embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of Chinese medicine thermal circulation extracting concentrating system, mainly by extractor 1, filter 2, extract heat exchanger 3, cold fine setting heat exchanger 4, heat fine setting heat exchanger 5, climbing film evaporator 6, gas-liquid separator 7 and vapour compression machine 8 form, extractor 1 is the extractor of a carrying vapour interlayer heating, extractor interlayer is provided with initial steam introducting interface 15 and steam-condensation water out 16, extractor lower end is provided with extract discharge line, extractor upper end is provided with solvent and adds supplementary pipeline and circulating solvent import pipe, add supplementary 14 porch to be provided with automatic valve A24 at solvent, be provided with automatic valve A25 in the porch of circulating solvent, be connected with filter 2 by automatic valve A8 at extractor discharge pipe, the outlet of filter 2 is successively by automatic valve A2, the first change-over switch 9, automatic valve A4 is connected with the entrance of extract delivery pump P1, the outlet of extract delivery pump P1 is successively by automatic valve A7, ratio adjusting valve B3 is connected with the entrance of the heat recipient passage of extract heat exchanger 3 with automatic valve A8, the heat recipient passage of heat exchanger 5 is finely tuned in the outlet of the heat recipient passage of extract heat exchanger 3 successively by heat, automatic valve A23 is connected with the lower end 66 of climbing film evaporator 6 with automatic valve A19, the upper end 67 of climbing film evaporator 6 is connected with gas-liquid separator 7 by pipeline, between the top of gas-liquid separator and the entrance 63 of the heat release passage of climbing film evaporator 6, be provided with vapour compression machine 8, the outlet 64 of the heat release passage of climbing film evaporator 6 is connected with the entrance of circulating solvent delivery pump P3 by the second change-over switch 10, the outlet of circulating solvent delivery pump P3 is connected with the entrance of the heat release passage of extract heat exchanger 3, the outlet of the heat release passage of extract heat exchanger 3 is connected with circulating solvent import pipe, be respectively equipped with automatic valve A12 and automatic valve A10 at the entrance and exit of circulating solvent delivery pump P3, between the entrance and exit of circulating solvent delivery pump P3, be provided with automatic valve A11, between extract delivery pump P1 entrance and exit, be provided with automatic valve A6, after bottom water liquid output channel passing ratio/proportion monitoring device 20 of gas-liquid separator 7, be connected with the entrance of water liquid circulation delivery pump P2 and concentrate delivery pump P4 respectively, be respectively equipped with automatic valve A14 and automatic valve A15 at the entrance of water liquid circulation delivery pump P2 and concentrate delivery pump P4, the outlet of water liquid circulation delivery pump P2 is connected to the lower end 66 of climbing film evaporator 6 by automatic valve A13 and automatic valve A19, the outlet of concentrate delivery pump P4 is connected to concentration tank 19 by automatic valve A16 and automatic valve A17, ratio adjusting valve B2 and automatic valve 28, the heat release feeder connection of heat fine setting heat exchanger 5 connects initial steam 11, its heat release channel outlet is converged and is connected with described circulating solvent passage after switching by the second change-over switch 10, and heat fine setting heat exchanger 5 is to start and come into operation in the concentrated starting stage or in the time that system temperature is lower, the heat release passage of heat exchange is set in climbing film evaporator 6, heat release feeder connection 61 connects initial steam 11, its heat release channel outlet 62 connects the entrance of the cold passage of suction of cold fine setting heat exchanger 4, the outlet of the cold passage of suction of cold fine setting heat exchanger 4 converges and is connected with described circulating solvent passage after switching by the second change-over switch 10, the outlet of the cold passage of suction of cold fine setting heat exchanger 4 or switch by the second change-over switch 10 after be connected to 65 ends of climbing film evaporator, the entrance and exit that lets cool pipeline of cold fine setting heat exchanger 4 connects respectively recirculated cooling water water inlet 12 and recirculated cooling water water outlet 13, cleaning fluid is set and imports 18 pipelines, cleaning fluid imports 18 device for cleaning pipelines and crosses automatic valve A3 and be connected with the first change-over switch 9, and cleaning fluid discharge 17 device for cleaning pipelines are connected to the exit of filter 2 by automatic valve A1.
Originally be embodiment, also comprise PLC full-automatic control system, operating platform, electrical instrumentation switch board and other automatic valve and ratio adjusting valve, utilize PLC full-automatic control system and operating platform " opening " or " pass " to each automatic valve and ratio adjusting valve thereof of prior art to control, thereby realize extractor, filter, extract heat exchanger, cold fine setting heat exchanger, heat fine setting heat exchanger, climbing film evaporator, gas-liquid separator, vapour compression machine, change-over switch and various delivery pump function, complete Chinese medicine thermal circulation extracting concentrating process.Whole process is installed PLC automatic control and sensor; this cover extracts the running of concentration systems and controls by PLC software; all output and input signal; also systematic operation is all to be completed by supporting computer; automaticity is high, and this system also configures automatic cleaning system, warning system, automatic protective system etc.
Workflow and principle: to set 85 ℃ of climbing film evaporator evaporating temperatures as example: open the cover of extractor 1 and drop into the dry medicinal material of ormal weight, valve A24 closes after opening the pure water that injects ormal weight, and soak half an hour, then passing into the pure steam of 125 ℃ toward interlayer makes in tank solution temperature rise to 80 ℃ and insulation to extract 1.5 hours, now start a whole set of operational system, under the effect of compressor, extractor 1, the environment of climbing film evaporator 6 and gas-liquid separator 7 is negative pressure of vacuum, and extract is through filter 2, the first change-over switch 9, extract delivery pump P1, extract heat exchanger 3, heat fine setting heat exchanger 5 enters climbing film evaporator 6(valve A8, A2, A4, A7, A9, B3, A23, A19 opens), the interior temperature of climbing film evaporator 6 of starting stage not yet reaches 85 ℃, now valve A26, ratio adjusting valve B1 opens, and passes into a certain amount of steam, and in climbing film evaporator, temperature rises to 85 ℃ of late gate A26, B1 closes automatically, liquid explosive evaporation, steam enters gas-liquid separator, now solvent is constantly filled climbing film evaporator 6 and gas-liquid separator 7 thereupon, extractor 1 supplements pure water to ormal weight by condensate make-up piping, gas-liquid separator vapor portion (approximately 85 ℃ of temperature) is drawn into vapour compression machine 8 and compresses, now mechanical energy is converted into heat energy, vapor (steam) temperature after compression rises to 92 ℃, steam after intensification enters climbing film evaporator heating liquid, make climbing film evaporator inner liquid medicine remain fluidized state, steam itself is condensed into water and passes through the second change-over switch 10, circulating solvent delivery pump P3, extract heat exchanger 3 enters extractor 1 (valve A12, A10, A25 opens), so circulation, solvent constantly enters extractor as novel solvent, plays the effect of dynamic diacolation, wherein valve A6, A11 be for regulate pump discharge consistent with system flow rate and carry out self circulation valve, in the time that pump discharge is relatively excessive, open.On the other hand, the liquid part of separator (containing pharmaceutically active ingredient) is entered and in climbing film evaporator, is continued evaporation and concentration (now valve A14 by water liquid circulation delivery pump P2, A13 opens, valve A15, A16, A17, A18, B2 closes), circulation concentrate is monitored through ratio/proportion monitoring device 20 of separator lower end setting, it is different that the proportion of concentrate reaches the concentrated concentrate proportion of the various traditional Chinese medicine extraction of 1.1-1.2(, be generally 1.1-1.4) time, concentrate enters concentrated now valve A15 of flow container 19(by concentrate delivery pump P4, A16, A17, B2, A28 opens, valve A14, A13, A18 closes), now in extractor, supplementing water makes the solvent of system keep balance again.Production process is in the time that temperature in climbing film evaporator is relatively too high, steam is undertaken being controlled and being entered climbing film evaporator (valve A21, A22 open) by change-over switch 2 after heat exchange by cold fine setting heat exchanger and cooling water, in the time that the temperature of extract is relatively too low, open valve A27, B4, make steam enter heat fine setting heat exchanger heating extract, reaching set point of temperature late gate closes, a small amount of condensed water that heat fine setting heat exchanger produces enters extractor 1 by the second change-over switch 10, circulating solvent delivery pump P3, extract heat exchanger 3, and valve A20 now opens.In the time that whole extraction concentration process finishes, valve A14, A13, A28 close, and open valve A18, A17, B2, A5, and climbing film evaporator, separator and pipeline waste liquid are by change-over switch and clean discharge-channel discharge, extractor waste liquid is by cleaning discharge-channel discharge, filter residue otherwise processed.
Illustrate: (1) this extracting method is extracted Chinese medicine in conjunction with infusion process, diacolation ratio juris, be applicable to the medicinal material that low temperature extracts, without boiling, the temperature of extraction can be set according to medicinal material character, extracts temperature and even can be low to moderate 20 ℃; (2) about extractor, at least 1 of extractor, Chinese medicine extracting tank number according to need of production design, can design 1 to 20; When multiple extractor is set, will after its ancillary filter device, be connected in parallel, the Chinese medicine extract of being discharged by extractor can be successively or multiple concentration systems that simultaneously enters; (3) described solvent can be water, can be also the aqueous solution that contains 30%～60% ethanol.System is under original state, first heat to extractor, climbing film evaporator, heat fine setting heat exchanger with fresh steam, after reaching design temperature, automatically stop heating, the condensed water of extractor directly discharges, the condensed water of evaporimeter and heat fine setting heat exchanger is little, directly enter solvent circulation, very little to the concentration affects of solvent.
Energy-saving and cost-reducing description: to extract concentrated energy-stagnation stomachache medicinal extract as example, setting evaporating temperature is 85 ℃, operation sequence is: extracting prescription according to energy-stagnation stomachache medicinal extract is 950kg to disposable input radix bupleuri in 5T extractor etc. medicinal material total amount, approximately 25 ℃ of the 3700kg(temperature that adds water), toward passing into the raw steam of 125 ℃ in interlayer with heating tank internal solvent, make temperature in tank rise to 80 ℃, soak after 1.5h, start feed pump, extract (approximately 80 ℃) enters evaporimeter after distilled water heat exchanger and steam heat-exchanging actuator temperature rise to 85 ℃, liquid is 85 ℃ of explosive evaporations, indirect steam (temperature is 85 ℃ of left and right) passes through vapour compression machine, temperature is increased to 92 ℃ of left and right, then enter evaporimeter heating liquid, steam itself is condensed into water (85 ℃ of left and right), condensed water constantly enters Chinese medicine extracting tank after distilled water heat exchanger preheating extract, now be about 80 ℃ as the condensate temperature of novel solvent, form the circulation of heat energy and solvent, production process is only used a small amount of steam that extractor temperature is risen to 80 ℃ in the starting stage of extracting, whole process is without using Steam Heating again.Whole production process, water consumption: solvent when whole closed system is produced recycles, extracting in water needs 4 tons of left and right, and water for industrial use price is by 3 yuan/ton of calculating, 4 × 3=12 unit; Steam consumption: extract water that initial procedure makes 4 T from 25 ℃ of steam 220kg that are heated to 125 ℃ of 80 ℃ of needs, 1 ton of water of the every evaporation of evaporation process is approximately used 15kg steam, extracting concentration process need to require to evaporate 10 tons of water according to technological procedure, steam valency is by 200 yuan/ton, (0.220+0.015 × 10) × 200=74 unit; Electric consumption: extract little electricity consumption of starting stage, almost negligible, evaporation, 1 ton of water of the every evaporation of circulation leaching process approximately need 30 degree electricity (compressor bank and pump group operation power consumption), whole concentration process need to evaporate 10 tons of water, commercial power price is calculated by 1 yuan/degree, 30 × 10 × 1=300 unit.According to this new technique, the comprehensive cost that often completes an energy-stagnation stomachache medicinal extract (crude drug 950kg) is 12+74+300=386 unit, and energy consumption cost is 406.3 yuan/ton of dry medicinal materials.
Traditional energy-stagnation stomachache medicinal extract extraction concentration technique is: take 5T tank as example, medicinal material 555kg adds 4445L water extraction to get 2 times, each 1.5h, need altogether approximately 8.9 tons of water 8890L(), the liquid of extracted twice is entered to two effect inspissators, under vacuum decompression, carry out evaporation and concentration, need 7h that 8.9 tons of solvents are evaporated to and have been concentrated, whole extraction concentration process needs 6 hours.Water consumption: 8.9 tons, water price is by 3 yuan/ton, 8.9 × 3=26.7 unit; Steam consumption: the water that leaching process makes 4.45 T is from 25 ℃ of steam 245kg that are heated to 125 ℃ of 85 ℃ of needs, extract twice needs 490kg, extract temperature while supposing to concentrate is 80 ℃, evaporating temperature is 85 ℃, under negative pressure, 1 ton of water of every evaporation needs 0.852 ton of the steam of 125 ℃, and production process need to be evaporated the water of approximately 8.9 tons, needs 7.583 tons of steam, steam valency is by 200 yuan/ton, (0.490+7.583) × 200=1614.6 unit; Electric consumption: concentration process electricity consumption per hour approximately 18 degree (vavuum pump, coolant circulation pump and cooling tower electric machine power consumption), electricity consumption 18 per hour is spent, 3 tons of evaporations per hour, and 1 ton of water power consumption 6 of every evaporation is spent, commercial power price is calculated by 1 yuan/degree, 6 × 8.9 × 1=53.4 unit.Traditionally, the comprehensive cost that often completes an energy-stagnation stomachache medicinal extract (crude drug 555kg) is 26.7+1614.6+53.4=1694.7 unit, and energy consumption cost is 3053.5 yuan/ton of dry medicinal materials.
New technique has fully demonstrated its energy-efficient advantage, from environmental protection aspect, has greatly reduced especially CO
2, SO
2and the discharge of nitrogen oxide, needing coal-fired 106.7kg by 1 ton of steam of the every production of Industrial Boiler, 1 ton of coal of every burning just produces CO
22620kg, SO
28.5kg, nitrogen oxide 7.4kg calculate, and new technology is compared with traditional handicraft, and energy-saving and environmental protection situation is in Table.
Following table is to extract concentrated 1 ton of energy consumption, cost, environmental protection degree table of comparisons that dry medicinal material is required:
| Project | Thermal cycle extraction concentration technique | Tradition extraction concentration technique | Fractional energy savings (%) |
| Steam (ton) | 0.39 | 14.54 | 97.3 |
| Solvent (water, ton) | 4.00 | 16.00 | 75.0 |
| Electricity (kw/h) | 315.8 | 96.22 | -228.2 |
| Comprehensive cost (unit) | 406.3 | 3053.5 | 86.7 |
| Consumption coal (kg) | 0.042 | 1.547 | 97.3 |
| CO 2Discharge capacity (kg) | 0.110 | 4.053 | 97.3 |
| Time (h) | 5.5 | 11 | 50 |
| Operation number (people) | 1 | 2 | 50 |
In table:
Patent of the present invention has fully demonstrated that it is efficient, energy-saving and environmental protection, easy to operate, automaticity high, is that concentration systems is extracted in novel thermal cycle.
Claims (9)
1. a Chinese medicine thermal circulation extracting concentrating method, its process comprises: in extractor (1), carry out the extraction of Chinese medicine composition, described extractor is a steam jacket heating tank, heating tank interlayer is provided with initial steam introducting interface (15) and steam-condensation water out (16), extractor lower end is provided with extract discharge line, extractor upper end is provided with solvent and adds supplementary pipeline and circulating solvent import pipe, the Chinese medicine extract of being discharged by extractor is after filter (2) filters, after delivering into extract heat exchanger (3) heat absorption by extract delivery pump (P1), deliver to again climbing film evaporator (6), extract imports from the lower end of climbing film evaporator (6), carry out heat exchange in climbing film evaporator after, Chinese medicine extract heat absorption is heated up and become the gas liquid mixture with medicament effective component, derive by climbing film evaporator upper end the gas liquid mixture coming and enter gas-liquid separator (7), gas liquid mixture is separated into the gas on top and the water liquid that contains drug ingedient of bottom in gas-liquid separator (7), between the top of gas-liquid separator and the entrance of the heat release passage of climbing film evaporator, be provided with vapour compression machine (8), because gas weight is gently drawn into vapour compression machine (8), vapour compression machine (8) is converted into heat energy by work done by mechanical energy, gas in gas-liquid separator (7) is through making the pressure of described gas increase after vapour compression machine (8) compression, temperature raises, in climbing film evaporator (6), after heat release, be condensed into circulating solvent by the gas that pressure increases and temperature raises, circulating solvent is delivered to extractor (1) circulation after circulating solvent delivery pump (P3) delivers into extract heat exchanger (3) continuation heat release again, and the water liquid that contains drug ingedient is present in the bottom of gas-liquid separator (7), the water liquid that contains drug ingedient that is present in the bottom of gas-liquid separator (7) is entered in climbing film evaporator (6) and is absorbed heat and also again enter gas-liquid separator (7) separation by water liquid circulation delivery pump (P2) delivery cycle again, until the liquid of the output in gas-liquid separator (7) is transported to dope tank (19) through concentrate delivery pump (P4) after on-line densimeter (20) detects the proportion that reaches setting.
2. Chinese medicine thermal circulation extracting concentrating method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: between described extract heat exchanger (3) and climbing film evaporator (6), be provided with heat fine setting heat exchanger (5), the Chinese medicine extract of being discharged by extractor (1) passes through filter (2) successively, extract delivery pump (P1), after the heat recipient passage of the heat recipient passage of extract heat exchanger (3) and heat fine setting heat exchanger (5), deliver to again climbing film evaporator (6), the heat release feeder connection of heat fine setting heat exchanger (5) connects initial steam (11), its heat release channel outlet is converged and is connected with described circulating solvent passage after switching by the second change-over switch (10), heat fine setting heat exchanger (5) is to start and come into operation in the concentrated starting stage or in the time that system temperature is lower.
3. Chinese medicine thermal circulation extracting concentrating method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the heat release passage that heat exchange is set in climbing film evaporator (6), heat release feeder connection (61) connects initial steam (11), its heat release channel outlet (62) is converged and is connected with described circulating solvent passage after switching by the second change-over switch (10), in the concentrated starting stage or in the time that system temperature is lower, importing initial steam (11) is climbing film evaporator (6) heat temperature raising.
4. Chinese medicine thermal circulation extracting concentrating method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: between the outlet (62) and the second change-over switch (10) of the heat exchange heat release passage of described climbing film evaporator (6), be provided with cold fine setting heat exchanger (4), the entrance of the cold passage of suction of cold fine setting heat exchanger (4) is connected with the outlet (62) of the heat exchange heat release passage of climbing film evaporator (6), the outlet of the cold passage of suction of cold fine setting heat exchanger (4) is connected with the second change-over switch (10), the entrance that lets cool passage of cold fine setting heat exchanger (4) connects the water inlet of recirculated cooling water, the outlet that lets cool passage of cold fine setting heat exchanger (4) connects the backwater of recirculated cooling water.
5. according to the arbitrary described Chinese medicine thermal circulation extracting concentrating method of claim 4, it is characterized in that: between the outlet of filter (2) and the entrance of extract delivery pump (P1), be provided with the first change-over switch (9), the first change-over switch (9) is provided with cleaning fluid (18) import pipe; Between the outlet and the first change-over switch (9) of filter (2), be provided with and clean discharge (17) pipeline, after production finishes or while changing kind, start automatic flushing device, cleaning fluid (18) goes to extract delivery pump (P1) by the first change-over switch (9), all equipment and pipeline are carried out circulation flushing by route when concentrated according to extraction, and waste liquid, finally by crossing extractor (1) and filter (2), is discharged in the outlet of filter (2).
6. Chinese medicine thermal circulation extracting concentrating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described solvent is water or the aqueous solution that contains 30%～60% ethanol.
7. Chinese medicine thermal circulation extracting concentrating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the input port at input/output port, the input/output port of concentrate delivery pump (P4) and the extract of climbing film evaporator (6) of the input/output port of the input/output port of the input/output port of extractor (1), extract delivery pump (P2), water liquid circulation delivery pump (P2), circulating solvent delivery pump (P3) is provided with automatic valve or and control valve.
8. Chinese medicine thermal circulation extracting concentrating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: between the input of described extract delivery pump (P1) and output, be provided with automatic valve A6; Between the input of described circulating solvent delivery pump (P3) and output, be provided with automatic valve A11.
9. Chinese medicine thermal circulation extracting concentrating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the lower end of gas-liquid separator (7), water liquid delivery outlet is provided with ratio/proportion monitoring device (20).
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