CN103890217A - 用于细长制品上涂覆涂层的装置 - Google Patents
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005269 aluminizing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 235000012771 pancakes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
用于细长部件的涂覆涂层的装置包括熔融金属槽和带有入口和出口通道、浸没在熔融金属槽中的引入通道的涂层室。此外，涂层室和熔融金属槽分别装配在其内待用熔融金属液上方用于内部生成减压和正压力的设施。为了便于操作和维护、也为了确保该装置的连续运行而没有用于再填充槽的任何停顿、为了向用于涂覆细长部件的该装置的熔融金属槽中再填充金属时提供安全条件，熔融金属槽和涂层室邻位设置并通过倾斜引入通道相连，由此形成连通器。因此，熔融金属槽装配供给通道以通过其加载熔融或固体金属，并且，在进入熔融金属槽上部的供给通道上部扩展。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及通过浸入熔融铝、锌、锡、铅等在诸如金属丝、带状物等细长部件的表面上涂覆连续金属保护涂层的技术设备。本发明可用于铸铁或钢制成的长度部件的热镀铝、镀锌或镀锌铝。
背景技术
已知的设计用于金属丝、带状物等涂覆装置包含将部件浸入熔融金属中并移动部件的导辊(参见Hot Galvanizing Guidance.-Moscow，Metallurgiya，1975，376页；Metal-Coated Sheet and Strip Steel.-Moscow，Metallurgiya，1971，496页)。
已知的使用钢槽的装置的缺点是钢槽的大容量、以及为了保持熔融金属的温度的巨大开放的待用熔融金属液区域引起的巨大能源消耗。
与部件的浸入把手(滚轴、夹具等)的接触导致在锌中铁的溶解，并由此降低了设备的寿命并增加了锌消耗。
带有浸入把手的钢槽的应用减少了熔融金属与铝形成合金的可能性。尽管事实上陶瓷槽是耐熔融铝的，与通过容器壁受热的金属容器相比，陶瓷槽的产能更大，在陶瓷槽中，加热过程通过底部执行，并且这将导致增加产能。
一种用来在细长部件上涂覆保护涂层的装置可装配槽和加热元件，也可装配槽底部中的通道口、位于通道口下的磁流体动力锁(magneto hydrodynamicslock，MHD-锁)，并带有穿过开口部分地引入槽的法兰。该MHD-锁设计成两个L型磁心，带有位于垂直磁心臂上、缠绕成扁平线圈形状的单相回路(SU1492759，15.03.1994)。
该装置的缺点是由于使用MHD锁而引起的复杂性。
一种设计用于细长部件的金属涂层的装置可以装配有含有熔融金属的槽和涂层室(FR197516981，1975)。涂层室包括涂覆时部件移动通过的入口和出口通道。用泵将熔融金属从槽中转入涂层室中。该室装满金属，以使该室中的熔融金属的水平被设为高于入口和出口通道的水平。此刻，熔融金属自由流出该室流入槽中，但是流回该室的熔融金属的量略大于通过入口和出口通道流出该室的金属的量。这可以保持涂层室内熔融金属水平面高于入口和出口通道的水平。
该装置的缺点是使用浸没泵供给熔融金属，并且这导致工业设备要求的可靠性指标的降低。熔融金属的持续循环导致通道的快速磨损，并且熔融金属被制成通道的材料污染；这恶化涂层形成条件，并因此导致其质量的下降。因此，由于熔融铝的腐蚀力，其使用非常成问题。
与本发明提出的装置最接近的技术类似物是用于部件表面处理的装置，更具体地说，用于涂层涂覆的装置。该装置包括熔融金属(合金)槽，以及，在槽上方的涂层室，该涂层室带有入口和出口通道以及浸入槽中的熔融金属中的垂直引入通道。为了沿着引入通道将熔融金属提升至涂层室，在槽中产生正压力并且在涂层室中产生减压。室和槽表面上方的腔中的压差使得熔融金属的水平超过该室的入口和出口通道的开口。涂层室的真空还用于防止熔融金属从涂层室中泄漏。因此，需要满足以下条件：
Pst≥P1+Pm.col.，
其中，Pst-标准压力，
P1-涂层室中压力，
Pm.col.-低端通道导件上熔融金属柱的压力。
在涂覆过程中，压差Δ=Pst-(P1+Pm.col.)保持在恒定水平，以避免该室内部通过入口和出口通道的任何熔融金属的泄漏和空气渗透。
该装置的缺点是浸没在熔融金属中的涂层室引入通道是垂直设置的，并且这要求涂层室位于熔融金属槽的正上方。这样的通过垂直通道连接的涂层室和槽的相互位置：首先，由于任何关于金属丝荷载的工序步骤和修正错误均在高温区域进行，并且被迫使用的冷却回路将提高紧急情况的危险，该相互位置妨碍装置维护并且不能确保安全操作，，；其次，由于只有在涂层室流干熔融金属时才可能向槽中加入消耗的熔融金属的补偿，其要求生产线定期停止，以向所述涂覆装置中应用一些含有的涂料，这导致降低的产能和增加的能量消耗。因为打开槽时正压力将排出槽中的熔融金属超过槽盖而且这是不可接受的，在不停止装置运行和不释放正压时不可能再填充槽。
发明内容
本发明的装置帮助解决了在装置运行和槽再填充熔融金属时关于装置维护的安全性、方便性和简易性的问题，以降低能量消耗并提高装置输出功。
该任务的解决是基于：用于细长部件涂层涂覆的装置由熔融金属槽、和装有入口和出口通道以及浸没在熔融金属槽中的引入通道的涂层室组成；此外，所述涂层室和熔融金属槽装配有用于在槽和室的内部待用金属液上方分别产生减压和正压力的设备。因此，熔融金属槽装配有用消耗量的熔融或固体金属填充该槽的供给通道。为了确保更安全，该供给通道在其进入熔融金属槽的上部扩展。
使用本发明装置的技术结果是提高操作的方便性和安全性、易维护、提供没有用于再填充槽的任何停顿的连续运行、提供用熔融金属再填充槽时的安全性、也降低能量消耗并增加装置输出功。
该技术结果由该装置的重要特征决定的。涂层室邻近熔融金属槽的位置方便连通涂层室和连通确保其运行的设备(温度控制***、压力传感器、熔融金属水平传感器、移除多余熔融金属的气刀等)。
同时，由于涂层室以此形式位于槽上方的位置，以使它们形成连通器，该特征可降低从槽向涂层室中提升熔融金属的能量消耗；并且可降低槽中熔融金属上方产生的正压力的量。涂层室和熔融金属槽的相邻位置(没有通过该室的槽盖的渗透)使再填充槽以补偿消耗的熔融金属没有必要停止涂层涂覆进程，这降低了在槽中用于熔融金属加热的能量消耗(没有当装置运行中止并打开盖时的热量损失)。为了再填充所述槽，提供所述供给通道。该器具被浸没在槽中熔融金属下方，使打开所述供给通道的盖并直接填充追加批次的熔融或固体金属(合金)进入槽中的熔融金属中，无需停止装置运行。因此，由于槽中待用金属液上方的正压力基于压差会沿着供给通道排出熔融金属，但在压力低于标准值时，不会高于涂层室中熔融金属水平，安全性得以保证。以此，由于供给通道上部的扩展形状，熔融金属泄露出供给通道是不可能的。
附图说明
本发明是通过以下展示的附图进行说明的：
图1是用于细长制品上涂覆涂层的装置的示意图。
图2是图1的A—A截面图。
具体实施方式
用于在诸如钢丝的细长制品上涂覆涂层的装置包括：熔融金属槽1，该槽是在设定温度用于金属熔炼和浸渍的电炉；和靠近该槽的涂层室2。涂层室2装配连接涂层室2和熔融金属槽1至涂层室2侧壁中的入口4和出口5通道的倾斜通道3。例如，这些通道可以是水平的。在运行位置，熔融金属槽1、涂层室2和倾斜通道是密封的，以阻止熔融金属与周围空气的接触。倾斜通道3的上部穿过涂层室2的底部开口或穿过接近底部的侧壁中的开口在涂层室2内部开口，并且倾斜通道3的下部与熔融金属槽1的可能的熔融金属水平面下方的腔连接。此外，设计倾斜引入通道3以便阻止槽1和涂层室2中待用金属液上方空气腔的接触。
熔融金属可以沿着倾斜通道3从熔融金属槽1向上移动并填充涂层室2至设定水平。
通过水平通道，入口4和出口5通道，金属丝或其他长部件穿过涂层室2中熔融金属，以在金属丝上生成涂层。
涂层室2的上部可移除盖装配有熔融金属水平控制传感器、压力传感器和减压生成设备。
室2的上部可移动盖装配有熔融金属水平控制传感器、压力计和装有连接真空泵以产生减压的排出歧管的排出通道。可以使用喷射器产生减压。排出歧管被安装在涂层室2壁上。位于涂层室上的传感器和设备的维护可随时进行，并且由于涂层室2的位置在熔融金属槽1的旁边不产生障碍。
熔融金属槽1的盖(或其壁的上部)装配有供给通道和连接压缩机以在熔融金属槽中生成正压的排出歧管。
排出和引入通道均位于熔融金属水平上方的气腔区域中，优选地，位于槽盖和室盖中。
最初，由于用倾斜引入通道3相连形成连通器的这些部分的邻近位置，槽1和涂层室2中熔融金属水平是相等的。涂层室2中该水平低于入口4和出口5通道的轴。
在装置运行期间，由于槽1和室2的压差的生成，涂层室2中熔融金属水平与熔融金属槽1中水平相比被提升。在进一步装置运行过程中，熔融金属水平保持在涂层室2中金属丝通过的入口4和出口5通道的轴上方。
当熔融金属槽1中产生正压力并且涂层室2中产生减压时，熔融金属的追加批次沿着倾斜通道3从槽1提升至室2中，并且涂层室2中熔融金属水平被调整为在入口和出口通道上方。
如果满足条件Pst≥P1+Pm.col.，其中Pst-标准压力，P1-涂层室中压力，Pm.col.-涂层室的入口和出口通道上方熔融金属的金属静力学压力，那么即使是入口和出口通道上方的熔融金属也不会向外泄漏。
涂覆装置装配有用于涂层室2中熔融金属控制的器具。涂层室2中熔融金属被持续使用，并且其水平试图下降。如果出现任何熔融金属水平差，标准压力和涂层室2中压力的差会增加(由于Pm.col.的降低)，并且这可导致在室内部通过室2的入口或出口通道的空气渗透(气泡)。这一事实可扰乱涂覆过程并导致部件涂层缺陷。熔融金属中的气泡还引起氧化物夹杂的金属污染，并且这恶化涂层形成并出现涂层缺陷。任何已知***可用于控制涂层室2中金属水平。
Claims (2)
1.用于在进入熔融金属的长度制品上涂覆涂层的装置，该装置包括熔融金属槽和涂层室，该涂层室带有入口和出口通道、以及浸没在熔融金属槽中的引入通道的涂层室，涂层室和熔融金属槽分别装配用于在其内部待用熔融金属液上方内部生成减压和正压力的设施，熔融金属槽和涂层室相邻设置并通过倾斜引入通道相连，以形成连通器，由此，所述槽装配供给通道以通过所述通道向所述槽内部加载熔融或固体金属。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中所述供给通道在其面对熔融金属槽上部的上部扩展。
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| RU2011142853/02A RU2488644C2 (ru) | 2011-10-25 | 2011-10-25 | Устройство для нанесения покрытия на протяженное изделие |
| RU2011142853 | 2011-10-25 | ||
| PCT/RU2011/000910 WO2013062436A1 (ru) | 2011-10-25 | 2011-11-18 | Устройство для нанесения покрытия на протяженное изделие |
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| EP (1) | EP2772561B1 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN103890217B (zh) |
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| ES (1) | ES2628869T3 (zh) |
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| WO2018161079A1 (en) | 2017-03-03 | 2018-09-07 | Harland Medical Systems, Inc. | Coating composition comprised of a hydrophilic crosslinker, a hydrophobic crosslinker and optionally a hydrogel and methods of making and using the same |
| US10875048B2 (en) | 2017-09-05 | 2020-12-29 | Harland Medical Systems, Inc | Coating apparatus with an automatic fluid level system, and methods of using the same |
| RU2686399C1 (ru) * | 2018-03-02 | 2019-04-25 | Владимир Михайлович Борисов | Устройство и способ для нанесения покрытий на протяженные изделия |
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- 2011-11-18 BR BR112014009766A patent/BR112014009766A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-11-18 MX MX2014005037A patent/MX354599B/es active IP Right Grant
- 2011-11-18 UA UAA201405444A patent/UA111240C2/uk unknown
- 2011-11-18 ES ES11874580.1T patent/ES2628869T3/es active Active
- 2011-11-18 DK DK11874580.1T patent/DK2772561T3/en active
- 2011-11-18 WO PCT/RU2011/000910 patent/WO2013062436A1/ru active Application Filing
- 2011-11-18 CN CN201180074241.5A patent/CN103890217B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-11-18 US US14/351,938 patent/US9279174B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-11-18 EP EP11874580.1A patent/EP2772561B1/en not_active Not-in-force
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| GB706113A (en) * | 1951-03-07 | 1954-03-24 | British Iron Steel Research | Improved process for the production of metals |
| CN85107485A (zh) * | 1984-09-28 | 1987-04-15 | 日新制钢株式会社 | 一种用于热浸涂镀及真空蒸镀的两用连续涂镀设备 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| UA111240C2 (uk) | 2016-04-11 |
| MX2014005037A (es) | 2014-08-22 |
| RU2011142853A (ru) | 2013-04-27 |
| DK2772561T3 (en) | 2017-07-03 |
| RU2488644C2 (ru) | 2013-07-27 |
| WO2013062436A1 (ru) | 2013-05-02 |
| EP2772561B1 (en) | 2017-03-29 |
| US20150040825A1 (en) | 2015-02-12 |
| IN2014DN03107A (zh) | 2015-05-15 |
| CN103890217B (zh) | 2017-11-14 |
| MX354599B (es) | 2018-03-13 |
| EP2772561A4 (en) | 2015-07-08 |
| US9279174B2 (en) | 2016-03-08 |
| BR112014009766A2 (pt) | 2017-04-25 |
| EP2772561A1 (en) | 2014-09-03 |
| ES2628869T3 (es) | 2017-08-04 |
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