CN103882279B - A kind of melting method of high-strength gray cast iron part - Google Patents
A kind of melting method of high-strength gray cast iron part Download PDFInfo
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- CN103882279B CN103882279B CN201410124830.5A CN201410124830A CN103882279B CN 103882279 B CN103882279 B CN 103882279B CN 201410124830 A CN201410124830 A CN 201410124830A CN 103882279 B CN103882279 B CN 103882279B
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 229910001060 Gray iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- UVGLBOPDEUYYCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon zirconium Chemical compound [Si].[Zr] UVGLBOPDEUYYCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GJEAMHAFPYZYDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[S] Chemical compound [C].[S] GJEAMHAFPYZYDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of melting method of high-strength gray cast iron part, with steel scrap, the pig iron and foundry returns for raw material carries out the melting of gray iron casting; Melting concrete steps are for first together to add ferromanganese and the pig iron in medium-frequency induction furnace, then carburelant and steel scrap add simultaneously, in melting to induction furnace molten iron volume 3/4 time, add silicon carbide to add foundry returns simultaneously and carry out melting, after base iron being warming up to 1500<b> ~ </b>1520 DEG C, leave standstill 5 ~ 10 minutes; Silicon zirconium nucleating agent and base iron together to be poured tap a blast furnace wraps, molten iron surface skim clean after pour into casting mold die cavity.Method of the present invention reduces manufacturing cost, and is convenient to the management of foundry returns; Present method adopts the steel scrap of 60% to improve the final intensity of foundry goods; Adopt the method for silicon carbide and furnace charge melting simultaneously to carry out pre-treatment to molten iron, ensure that pretreated effect; Adopt effective inoculation agent silicon zirconium nucleating agent to ensure that the effect bred, in foundry goods body metallographic, obtain the A type graphite of more than 80%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of melting method of gray iron casting, particularly relate to a kind of melting method of high-strength gray cast iron part, belong to chemical melting field.
Background technology
The cocrystallizing type alloy that graphitic cast iron is made up of iron, carbon and silicon substantially, wherein, carbon mainly exists with the form of graphite.Produce premium casting, form and the matrix metal tissue of the graphite formed when controlling cast iron solidified are vital.Inoculation is one of most important link in production technique.Good inoculation can make graphitic cast iron have satisfactory microstructure, thus ensures mechanical property and the processing characteristics of foundry goods.In liquid cast, add nucleating agent, a large amount of sub-micro-core can be formed, impel eutectic cell to generate in the liquid phase.During close to eutectic solidification temperature, first raw core place forms tiny graphite flake, and grows into eutectic cell thus.The formation of each eutectic cell, all peripherad liquid phase can discharge a small amount of heat, the eutectic cell of formation is more, and the solidification rate of cast iron is lower.The reduction of solidification rate, just contributes to solidifying by iron-graphite stable system, and can obtain A type graphite tissue.
General, good inoculation has following effect: (1) is eliminated or alleviated chilling tendency; (2) avoid occurring over-cooling structure; (3) alleviate the sectional sensitivity of ironcasting, make the difference of thin, the thick section microstructure of foundry goods little, difference in hardness is also little; (4) be conducive to the raw core of eutectic cell, Eutectic Cell Number is increased; (5) make the form of Graphite in Cast Iron mainly tiny and equally distributed A type graphite, thus improve the mechanical property of cast iron.Breed good cast iron mobility better, the contraction minimizing of foundry goods, processing characteristics improvement, residual stress reduce.
Alloy element copper or tin must be added during traditional medium-frequency induction furnace melting height trade mark gray iron casting, add manufacturing cost.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of melting method of high-strength gray cast iron part, to solve the high difficult problem of above-mentioned manufacturing cost, and the A type graphite of higher yields can be obtained.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of melting method of high-strength gray cast iron part, is characterized in that: the pig iron that the steel scrap being with trade mark Q235, the trade mark are Q10 and gray iron foundry returns carry out the melting of gray iron casting for raw material; Described melting concrete steps are:
(1) pig iron being first Q10 by 0.8 ~ 1% ferromanganese and 10% trade mark together adds in medium-frequency induction furnace, and the carburelant and 60% trade mark that then add 2.5% are the steel scrap of Q235 simultaneously, finally add 30% gray iron foundry returns melting;
(2) cast iron melting to induction furnace volume 3/4 time, the silicon carbide adding 0.6 ~ 0.7% add simultaneously gray iron foundry returns full to stove after carry out melting and form molten iron;
(3) by step 2 be heated to 1440 ~ 1460 DEG C time, use carbon sulphur instrument to measure C content in molten iron 3.00 ~ 3.10%;
(4) after the molten iron in step 3 being heated to 1500 ~ 1520 DEG C, induction furnace is adjusted to keeping warm mode, molten iron leaves standstill 5 ~ 10 minutes and forms base iron;
(5) the silicon zirconium nucleating agent of 0.5 ~ 0.6% and base iron are together poured tap a blast furnace wrap in form whole molten iron, subsequently whole molten iron drossing clean after pour into casting mold die cavity, setting pouring temperature is 1380 ~ 1410 DEG C, and pouring time is 1 ~ 2 minute.
Further, in described step 1, the trade mark is that the massfraction of each moiety in the pig iron of Q10 is respectively C:4.45 ~ 4.50%, Si:0.75 ~ 0.80%, Mn:0.12 ~ 0.15%, P:0.023 ~ 0.027%, S:0.009 ~ 0.015%, Cr:0.033 ~ 0.040%, Ti:0.02 ~ 0.030%, V:0.010 ~ 0.020%, surplus is Fe.
Further, in described step 1, the trade mark is that the massfraction of each moiety in the steel scrap of Q235 is respectively C:0.23 ~ 0.30%, Si:0.15 ~ 0.18%, Mn:0.43 ~ 0.55%, P:0.019 ~ 0.025%, S:0.021 ~ 0.030%, Cr:0.017 ~ 0.020%, Ti:0.001 ~ 0.003%, V:0.001 ~ 0.004%, surplus is Fe.
Further, in described step 1, each constituent mass mark of carburelant is respectively nitrogen :≤0.02%, carbon: 98 ~ 100%, impurity 0 ~ 1.88%.
Further, in described step 2, the massfraction of silicon carbide is 88 ~ 90%, wherein silicon: 60 ~ 63%, carbon: 27%, impurity 10 ~ 13%; Granularity 1 ~ the 5mm of described silicon carbide.
Further, in described step 5, each constituent mass mark of silicon zirconium nucleating agent is respectively Si:73.1%, Zr:2.42%, and surplus is Fe.
Further, in described step 5, the granularity of silicon zirconium nucleating agent is 0.2 ~ 0.6mm.
Beneficial effect: alloy element copper or tin must be added when method of the present invention instead of traditional medium-frequency induction furnace melting height trade mark gray iron casting, reduce manufacturing cost, and be convenient to the management of foundry returns; Present method adopts the method for silicon carbide and furnace charge melting simultaneously to carry out pre-treatment to molten iron, ensure that pretreated effect; Adopt effective inoculation agent silicon zirconium nucleating agent to ensure that the effect bred, make the A type graphite obtaining more than 80% in foundry goods body metallographic, foundry goods body tensile strength reaches between 270 ~ 300, body surface E type graphite≤20%, centre≤5%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is A type graphite distribution plan in the structure of body coupon of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the perlite figure of body coupon of the present invention.
Embodiment
Implementation column below can make those skilled in the art more fully understand the present invention, but does not therefore limit the present invention among described scope of embodiments.
embodiment 1
A kind of melting method of high-strength gray cast iron part: take the trade mark as the steel scrap of Q235, the trade mark pig iron that is Q10 and foundry returns carry out the melting of gray iron casting for raw material; Melting concrete steps are:
(1) pig iron being first Q10 by 0.8% ferromanganese and 10% trade mark together adds in medium-frequency induction furnace, and the carburelant and 60% trade mark that then add 2.5% are the steel scrap of Q235 simultaneously, finally add the foundry returns melting of 30%;
(2) cast iron melting to induction furnace volume 3/4 time, the silicon carbide adding 0.6% in induction furnace add simultaneously gray iron foundry returns full to stove after carry out melting and form molten iron;
(3) by step 2 be heated to 1440 ~ 1460 DEG C time, use carbon sulphur instrument to measure C content in molten iron 3.00 ~ 3.10%;
(4) after the base iron in step 2 being heated to 1500 ~ 1520 DEG C, induction furnace is adjusted to keeping warm mode, molten iron leaves standstill 5 ~ 10 minutes and forms base iron;
(5), in the silicon zirconium nucleating agent of 0.5% and base iron together being poured and tapping a blast furnace and wrap, pour in casting mold die cavity more subsequently simultaneously and cast, arranging pouring temperature is 1380-1410 DEG C, and pouring time is 1 ~ 2 minute.
According to the melting method of the present embodiment, each component concentration of base iron of melting meets: C:3.00-3.10%, Si:1.30-1.40%, Mn:0.6%-0.9%, P≤0.05%, S:0.08-0.010%;
The each component concentration of whole molten iron of melting meets: C:3.00-3.10%, Si:1.70-1.80%, Mn:0.6%-0.9%, P≤0.05%, S:0.08-0.010%.
The assay of the present embodiment melting gray iron casting is that tensile strength reaches 276, and surface hardness reaches 220, and content of pearlite in alloy is 98%.
embodiment 2
Be 0.9% by the ferromanganese amount added, Silicon carbide addition is 0.65%, and silicon zirconium innoculant adding quantity is 0.55%, carries out melting according to the melting method described in embodiment 1.
According to the melting method of the present embodiment, each component concentration of base iron of melting meets: C:3.00-3.10%, Si:1.30-1.40%, Mn:0.6%-0.9%, P≤0.05%, S:0.08-0.010%;
The each component concentration of whole molten iron of melting meets: C:3.00-3.10%, Si:1.70-1.80%, Mn:0.6%-0.9%, P≤0.05%, S:0.08-0.010%.
The assay of the present embodiment melting gray iron casting is that tensile strength reaches 281, and surface hardness reaches 228, and content of pearlite in alloy is 98.5%.
embodiment 3
Be 1% by the ferromanganese amount added, Silicon carbide addition is 0.7%, and silicon zirconium innoculant adding quantity is 0.6%, carries out melting according to the melting method described in embodiment 1.
According to the melting method of the present embodiment, each component concentration of base iron of melting meets: C:3.00-3.10%, Si:1.30-1.40%, Mn:0.6%-0.9%, P≤0.05%, S:0.08-0.010%;
The each component concentration of whole molten iron of melting meets: C:3.00-3.10%, Si:1.70-1.80%, Mn:0.6%-0.9%, P≤0.05%, S:0.08-0.010%.
The assay of the present embodiment melting gray iron casting is that tensile strength reaches 277, and surface hardness reaches 236, and content of pearlite in alloy is 98.9%.
Claims (7)
1. a melting method for high-strength gray cast iron part, is characterized in that: take the trade mark as the steel scrap of Q235, the trade mark pig iron that is Q10 and gray iron foundry returns carry out the melting of gray iron casting for raw material; Described melting concrete steps are:
(1) pig iron being first Q10 by 0.8 ~ 1% ferromanganese and 10% trade mark together adds in medium-frequency induction furnace, and the carburelant and 60% trade mark that then add 2.5% are the steel scrap of Q235 simultaneously, finally add 30% gray iron foundry returns melting;
(2) cast iron melting to induction furnace volume 3/4 time, the silicon carbide adding 0.6 ~ 0.7% add simultaneously gray iron foundry returns full to stove after carry out melting and form molten iron;
(3) by step 2 be heated to 1440 ~ 1460 DEG C time, use carbon sulphur instrument to measure C content in molten iron 3.00 ~ 3.10%;
(4) after the molten iron in step 3 being heated to 1500 ~ 1520 DEG C, induction furnace is adjusted to keeping warm mode, molten iron leaves standstill 5 ~ 10 minutes and forms base iron;
(5), in the silicon zirconium nucleating agent of 0.5 ~ 0.6% and base iron together being poured and tapping a blast furnace and wrap, form whole molten iron, pour into casting mold die cavity after whole molten iron drossing is clean, setting pouring temperature is 1380 ~ 1410 DEG C, and pouring time is 1 ~ 2 minute.
2. the melting method of high-strength gray cast iron part according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step 1, the trade mark is that the massfraction of each moiety in the pig iron of Q10 is respectively C:4.45 ~ 4.50%, Si:0.75 ~ 0.80%, Mn:0.12 ~ 0.15%, P:0.023 ~ 0.027%, S:0.009 ~ 0.015%, Cr:0.033 ~ 0.040%, Ti:0.02 ~ 0.030%, V:0.010 ~ 0.020%, surplus is Fe.
3. the melting method of high-strength gray cast iron part according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step 1, the trade mark is that the massfraction of each moiety in the steel scrap of Q235 is respectively C:0.23 ~ 0.30%, Si:0.15 ~ 0.18%, Mn:0.43 ~ 0.55%, P:0.019 ~ 0.025%, S:0.021 ~ 0.030%, Cr:0.017 ~ 0.020%, Ti:0.001 ~ 0.003%, V:0.001 ~ 0.004%, surplus is Fe.
4. the melting method of high-strength gray cast iron part according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step 1, each constituent mass mark of carburelant is respectively nitrogen :≤0.02%, carbon: 98 ~ 100%, impurity 0 ~ 1.88%.
5. the melting method of high-strength gray cast iron part according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step 2, the massfraction of silicon carbide is 88 ~ 90%, wherein silicon: 60 ~ 63%, carbon: 27%, impurity 10 ~ 13%; Granularity 1 ~ the 5mm of described silicon carbide.
6. the melting method of high-strength gray cast iron part according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step 5, each constituent mass mark of silicon zirconium nucleating agent is respectively Si:73.1%, Zr:2.42%, Al:0.82%, and surplus is Fe.
7. the melting method of high-strength gray cast iron part according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step 5, the granularity of silicon zirconium nucleating agent is 0.2 ~ 0.6mm.
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| CN201410124830.5A CN103882279B (en) | 2014-03-31 | 2014-03-31 | A kind of melting method of high-strength gray cast iron part |
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Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104195412B (en) * | 2014-08-14 | 2016-11-16 | 芜湖国鼎机械制造有限公司 | High-strength gray cast iron, foundry goods and preparation method thereof |
| CN104962801A (en) * | 2015-06-06 | 2015-10-07 | 朱瑞瑞 | Smelting method of high-strength gray cast iron |
| CN104988269A (en) * | 2015-06-06 | 2015-10-21 | 刘飞 | High-strength gray iron casting smelting method |
| CN105648305B (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2017-12-01 | 宝鸡市晨瑞鑫铸造有限责任公司 | High-strength gray cast iron material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106077529B (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2018-07-24 | 成都桐林铸造实业有限公司 | Promote inovulant, application method and the cylinder body using the inovulant of pearlite |
| CN106011360A (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-10-12 | 宁国市开源电力耐磨材料有限公司 | Smelting technology of high-strength low-stress gray pig iron |
| CN106755700B (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2018-02-27 | 石卫东 | Amorphous inovulant for gray cast iron and preparation method thereof and application method |
| CN110157975B (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2021-03-19 | 含山县兴达球墨铸铁厂 | Preparation method of high-strength thin-wall gray iron casting |
| CN110923554A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-03-27 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Method for smelting high-strength commercial vehicle cylinder body |
| CN111270039B (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2021-10-26 | 江苏力源金河铸造有限公司 | Smelting process for reducing D, E type graphite in surface matrix structure of gray iron piece |
| CN112589054A (en) * | 2020-12-20 | 2021-04-02 | 十堰市泰祥实业股份有限公司 | Sand-lined casting method for gray cast iron automobile engine main bearing cap iron mold |
| CN117778871A (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2024-03-29 | 肇庆精通机械有限公司 | Method for preparing high-performance gray cast iron by adding piston scrap iron |
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