CN103877691A - Core-shell type composite fire-extinguishing powder and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Core-shell type composite fire-extinguishing powder and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103877691A CN103877691A CN201210559805.0A CN201210559805A CN103877691A CN 103877691 A CN103877691 A CN 103877691A CN 201210559805 A CN201210559805 A CN 201210559805A CN 103877691 A CN103877691 A CN 103877691A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a core-shell type composite fire-extinguishing powder and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method is characterized by comprising the following steps: adding refined zeolite with an average particle size of 10 [mu]m or less into a water solution (0.01-0.10 mol/L) containing sodium bicarbonate and potassium bicarbonate/ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, wherein the refined zeolite accounts for 78% to 90% of the weight of the system and the water solution accounts for 8% to 18% of the weight of the system; mechanically stirring the mixture for 4 to 8 hours at a speed of 300 to 600 r/min; carrying out a vacuum freeze-drying treatment on the solution at a temperature of -10 to -30 DEG C under a pressure of 1.3 to 13 Pa, adding silica accounting for 0.5 to 1.05 of the weight of the system and talcum powder accounting for 1.5 to 3.0% of the weight of the system into the obtained powder, and evenly mixing the powder together so as to obtain the target product. The composite fire-extinguishing powder has the advantages of high fire-extinguishing efficiency, cheap and available raw materials, and simple preparation technology, can be directly applied to the conventional dry powder fire extinguishers, and is suitable for various types of fires such as fire on solid substances, fire on flammable gas, fire on liquid, and the like.
Description
[technical field]
The invention belongs to powder extinguishing chemical technical field, particularly composite powder fire extinguishing agent of nucleocapsid structure and preparation method thereof.
[background technology]
In the middle of the conventional extinguishing chemical such as gas, powder, water system, foam, powder extinguishing chemical is because its fire-fighting efficiency is higher, and blow-off velocity is fast, environmentally friendly, to human body nonhazardous, wide material sources, the advantage such as cheap and be widely used, be specially adapted to the fire attack of water-deficient area.The fire extinguishing active component of conventional powder extinguishing chemical mainly contains sodium acid carbonate, saleratus, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) etc.But traditional powder extinguishing agent exists particle size larger, and particle precipitation is fast, and decomposition rate is slower, the particles of active components that makes to put out a fire can not fully contact with flame, and fire extinguishing function can not be given full play to, thereby has restricted the practical ranges of powder extinguishing chemical.For improving the extinguishing property of powder extinguishing chemical, the main measure adopting is that powder is carried out to ultra fine at present, need special equipment, and the degree that particle diameter reduces is limited but powder is carried out to ultra fine; And the less particle surface of particle diameter can be large, be easy to each other reunite, mobility declines, and can reduce again the fire extinguishing effectiveness of powder extinguishing agent.Therefore one of study hotspot that, development particle diameter New Type Dry Powder Extinguishant suitable, that fire extinguishing effectiveness is high is current fire safety science and technical field.
[summary of the invention]
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of nucleocapsid structure composite powder fire extinguishing agent with good fire extinguishing effect and preparation method thereof.
Composite powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention, is characterized in that containing by the mass percent of shared system:
Zeolite 78～90%,
Sodium acid carbonate/saleratus/ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) 8.0～18%,
Silica 0.5～1.0%,
Talcum powder 1.5～3.0%.
The preparation method of composite powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention, it is characterized in that: by the mass percent that accounts for system by 78～90% average grain diameter the refinement zeolite below 10 μ m put into and account for system quality percentage 8.0～18.0%, concentration is the sodium acid carbonate of 0.01～0.10mol/L, in the aqueous solution of saleratus or ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP), speed mechanical taking speed as 300～600r/min stirs 4～8h, then be, under-10 DEG C～-30 DEG C and the pressure condition that is 1.3～13Pa, solution is carried out to vacuum freeze drying in temperature, then in gained powder, add the system of accounting for mass percent 0.5～1.0% silica and account for the talcum powder of mass percent 1.5～3.0% of system, after mixing, obtain nucleocapsid structure composite powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention.
Described zeolite can be selected 4A type, 13X type or modenite.
Compared with existing powder extinguishing agent, the present invention has utilized the natural loose structure of zeolite and good absorption property, by the method that solution soaks and freeze drying combines, sodium acid carbonate, sodium acid carbonate or ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) are loaded on to the surface of ultrafine zeolite matrix, formed surface for nano level sodium acid carbonate, sodium acid carbonate or ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) fire extinguishing particles of active components, inside is the nuclear-shell structure type compound particle of porous zeolite.The powder of this structure is after running into flame and being heated, and sodium acid carbonate, sodium acid carbonate or the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) nano particle of the load of surperficial institute, can decompose rapidly, catches burning free radical, performance fire extinguishing function; And due to the loose structure of zeolite matrix, compound particle density is less, and in air, suspension time is long, can with flame Long contact time, thereby give full play to fire extinguishing function; In addition, zeolite matrix self also has fire extinguishing function, contains the metal ions such as sodium in zeolite, and specific area is large, strong to the ability of capturing of burning free radical.Therefore, this composite granule fire extinguishing effect with nucleocapsid structure significantly strengthens.A small amount of calcium hydroxide and talcous adding, can improve the mobile performance of powder.
This using zeolite as core, sodium acid carbonate, sodium acid carbonate or ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) be shell composite dry powder extinguishing chemical by fire extinguishing active component nanometer and come to the surface, can effectively overcome conventional sodium acid carbonate, sodium acid carbonate or ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) powder extinguishing agent particle diameter is large, sedimentation is fast, decomposition rate causes slowly the not high deficiency of fire-fighting efficiency, greatly improve the fire extinguishing effectiveness of powder extinguishing agent.
Composite dry powder extinguishing chemical of the present invention can directly be filled in existing extinguishing device, does not need extinguishing device to redesign transformation, will significantly reduce fire extinguishing cost, expands application, has wide actual application prospect.
The raw material that composite dry powder extinguishing chemical of the present invention adopts is cheap and easy to get, and preparation technology is simple; Fire-fighting efficiency is high, environmentally friendly, can be widely used in various extinguishing devices, in order to the fire of multiple place and type of putting out a fire to save life and property.
[detailed description of the invention]
Below embodiments of the invention:
Embodiment 1: in ball mill after ball milling 30min, its average grain diameter reaches below 10 μ m by 140g 13X type zeolite; The zeolite 120g getting after this refinement puts into the aqueous solution that 20L sodium acid carbonate concentration is 0.01mol/L, speed mechanical taking speed as 400r/min stirs 6h, then be, under-10 DEG C and the pressure condition that is 5.0Pa, solution is carried out to vacuum freeze drying in temperature, and then add the silica of 1.0g and the talcum powder of 2.0g, mix, obtain composite powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention.
Measure through Particle Size Analyzer, the average particle size in extinguishing chemical is 8.6 μ m.
This composite granule 100g is contained in the storage powder tank of 1.0L, is pressurized to 0.6MPa, being ejected into food tray diameter is 30cm, and on the gasoline fire that flame power is 200kW, attack time is 3.5s, and foamite amount is 36.2g.Under same experiment condition, during using common dry powder as extinguishing chemical, attack time is 5.4s, and foamite amount is 61.5g.Illustrate that this compound fire-extinguishing agent, in the time putting out a fire to save life and property category-B fire, has higher fire-fighting efficiency than common dry powder.
Embodiment 2: by 240g modenite in ball mill after ball milling 60min, dry 2h at 120 DEG C; The zeolite 200g getting after this refinement puts into the aqueous solution that 20L saleratus concentration is 0.025mol/L, speed mechanical taking speed as 500r/min stirs 8h, then be, under-15 DEG C and the pressure condition that is 10.0Pa, solution is carried out to vacuum freeze drying in temperature, and then add the silica of 2.5g and the talcum powder of 4.5g, mix, obtain composite powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention.
Measure through Particle Size Analyzer, the average particle size in extinguishing chemical is 7.5 μ m.
This composite granule 100g is contained in the storage powder tank of 1.0L, is pressurized to 0.6MPa, being ejected into food tray diameter is 40cm, edible oil thickness is 5cm, and on the burning things which may cause a fire disaster that flame power is 70kW, average attack time is 5.0s, the average consumption of extinguishing chemical is 58.4g, does not occur resume combustion phenomenon.Under same experiment condition, during using common dry powder as extinguishing chemical, average attack time is 7.2s, and the average consumption of extinguishing chemical is 83.5g, has illustrated that this compound fire-extinguishing agent edible oil fire of putting out a fire to save life and property has the fire-fighting efficiency higher than common dry powder.
Embodiment 3: by 350g 4A type zeolite in ball mill after ball milling 90min, dry 2h at 120 DEG C; The zeolite 300g getting after this refinement puts into the aqueous solution that 30L biphosphate ammonium concentration is 0.015mol/L, speed mechanical taking speed as 600r/min stirs 12h, then be, under-20 DEG C and the pressure condition that is 8.0Pa, solution is carried out to vacuum freeze drying in temperature, and then add the silica of 4.0g and the talcum powder of 8.0g, mix, obtain composite powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention.
Measure through Particle Size Analyzer, the average particle size in extinguishing chemical is 8.2 μ m.
This composite granule 100g is contained in the storage powder tank of 1.0L, is pressurized to 0.6MPa, being ejected into food tray diameter is 30cm, and on the gasoline fire that flame power is 200kW, attack time is 3.0s, and foamite amount is 31.2g.Under same experiment condition, during using common dry powder as extinguishing chemical, attack time is 5.4s, and foamite amount is 61.5g.Illustrate that this compound fire-extinguishing agent, in the time putting out a fire to save life and property category-B fire, has higher fire-fighting efficiency than common dry powder.
Claims (4)
1. a nucleocapsid structure composite powder fire extinguishing agent, is characterized in that containing by the mass percent of shared system:
Zeolite 78～90%,
Sodium acid carbonate, saleratus or ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) 8.0～18%,
Silica 0.5～1.0%,
Talcum powder 1.5～3.0%.
2. the preparation method of nucleocapsid structure composite powder fire extinguishing agent described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: by the mass percent that accounts for system by 78～90% average grain diameter the refinement zeolite below 10 μ m put into and account for system quality percentage 8.0～18.0%, concentration is the sodium acid carbonate of 0.01～0.10mol/L, in the aqueous solution of saleratus or ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP), speed mechanical taking speed as 300～600r/min stirs 4～8h, then be, under-10 DEG C～-30 DEG C and the pressure condition that is 1.3～13Pa, solution is carried out to vacuum freeze drying in temperature, then in gained powder, add the system of accounting for mass percent 0.5～1.0% silica and account for the talcum powder of mass percent 1.5～3.0% of system, obtain nucleocapsid structure composite powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention.
3. composite powder base extinguishing chemical as claimed in claim 1 or preparation method claimed in claim 2, is characterised in that described zeolite selects 4A type, 13X type or modenite.
4. composite powder base extinguishing chemical as claimed in claim 1 or preparation method claimed in claim 2, is characterised in that shell component used can select sodium acid carbonate, saleratus or ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP).
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| CN201210559805.0A CN103877691A (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2012-12-21 | Core-shell type composite fire-extinguishing powder and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105641848A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-06-08 | 江西剑安消防设备有限责任公司 | Compound cocrystallization preparation method for water-soluble condensed fire extinguishing aerosol fire extinguishing agent ingredients |
| CN105884323A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-08-24 | 河南理工大学 | Red mud-based composite explosion suppression material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110448851A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-11-15 | 中国人民警察大学 | A kind of core-shell structured powder firing-fighting medium and its preparation method and application |
| CN112245855A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-01-22 | 东北大学 | Method and device for preparing dry powder extinguishing agent by using waste water from zeolite treatment synthesized from fly ash |
| CN112657113A (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2021-04-16 | 华中科技大学 | Anti-afterburning type flame-retardant fire extinguishing agent applied to electric power system fire and preparation method thereof |
| CN113426059A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-09-24 | 中国科学技术大学 | Organic/inorganic hybrid core-shell structure fire extinguishing agent suitable for extinguishing lithium ion battery fire and preparation method thereof |
| CN116474306A (en) * | 2023-05-26 | 2023-07-25 | 中国民航大学 | Cooling type dry powder extinguishing agent and preparation method and application thereof |
-
2012
- 2012-12-21 CN CN201210559805.0A patent/CN103877691A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105641848A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-06-08 | 江西剑安消防设备有限责任公司 | Compound cocrystallization preparation method for water-soluble condensed fire extinguishing aerosol fire extinguishing agent ingredients |
| CN105884323A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-08-24 | 河南理工大学 | Red mud-based composite explosion suppression material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110448851A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-11-15 | 中国人民警察大学 | A kind of core-shell structured powder firing-fighting medium and its preparation method and application |
| CN112657113A (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2021-04-16 | 华中科技大学 | Anti-afterburning type flame-retardant fire extinguishing agent applied to electric power system fire and preparation method thereof |
| CN112245855A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-01-22 | 东北大学 | Method and device for preparing dry powder extinguishing agent by using waste water from zeolite treatment synthesized from fly ash |
| CN112245855B (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-05-07 | 东北大学 | Method and device for preparing dry powder extinguishing agent by using waste water from zeolite treatment synthesized from fly ash |
| CN113426059A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-09-24 | 中国科学技术大学 | Organic/inorganic hybrid core-shell structure fire extinguishing agent suitable for extinguishing lithium ion battery fire and preparation method thereof |
| CN113426059B (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2022-03-01 | 中国科学技术大学 | Organic/inorganic hybrid core-shell structure fire extinguishing agent suitable for extinguishing lithium ion battery fire and preparation method thereof |
| CN116474306A (en) * | 2023-05-26 | 2023-07-25 | 中国民航大学 | Cooling type dry powder extinguishing agent and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20140625 |