CN103872822A - Rotor for electric machine comprising recesses in magnet pockets - Google Patents

Rotor for electric machine comprising recesses in magnet pockets Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103872822A
CN103872822A CN201310691394.5A CN201310691394A CN103872822A CN 103872822 A CN103872822 A CN 103872822A CN 201310691394 A CN201310691394 A CN 201310691394A CN 103872822 A CN103872822 A CN 103872822A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
rotor
sector
recess
permanent magnet
center line
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201310691394.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
M.H.格拉西亚
M.阿历山大
A.凯莱特
N.格贝特
S.塔巴雷利
M.R.德拉拉门迪
P.霍伊泽
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of CN103872822A publication Critical patent/CN103872822A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2706Inner rotors
    • H02K1/272Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
    • H02K1/274Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
    • H02K1/2753Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
    • H02K1/276Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/03Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)

Abstract

A rotor for an electric machine, in particular a permanently excited synchronous machine is provided. The rotor comprises a plurality of sectors sharing the same geometrical shapes arranged along a peripherical direction in a cross section of the rotor. Each sector is symmetrical with a center line. Each sector is provided with at least one receiving room receiving at least one permanent magnet. The permanent magnet with a lengthwise cross section is received in the receiving room in the following ways; a longitudinal side surface radically pointing to outside of the permanent magnet is abutted against the external wall of the receiving room; a magnetic line transversely extends from the longitudinal side surface of the permanent magnet to the periphery of the rotor; at least one recess is formed on the external wallof the receiving room and forms a non-magnetizable space adjacent to the lengthwise surface of the permanent magnet. Due to this non-magnetizable space, iron losses in the stator teeth can be reduced in particular during operation of the electric machine in the field weakening range, which may result in a rise in efficacy of up to 3% for the electric machine.

Description

For motor, there is the rotor at the recess of magnet receiving structure
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rotor for motor and be equipped with the motor of this rotor.
Background technology
Motor can be for very different purposes as motor or as generator.The synchronous machine for example with permanent magnet excitation excitation mechanism can be used in motor vehicle, for driving machine motor-car or for kinetic energy being regenerated as to electric energy in the time braking.Motor generally has rotor and stator for this reason, and its rotor can rotate with respect to stator.
For the motor of permanent magnet excitation excitation, permanent magnet is arranged on rotor mostly.Electromagnet is set on stator, the magnetic field that can change by means of electromagnet, described magnetic field and the magnetic field interaction being produced by permanent magnet, thus between stator and rotor, produce torque.
Because during rotor, significant centrifugal force may act on and be arranged in epitrochanterian permanent magnet, thus these permanent magnets must be fixed on reliably by applicable architectural feature on rotor or among.
For the rotor type of frequent use, be provided with multiple receivings chamber in the inside of rotor block, in the time of assemble rotor, can first permanent magnet be inserted in described receiving chamber, and then for example be fixed therein by bonding or crimping.Receive chamber to be also referred to as near of magnet receiving structure and the periphery in rotor block.
Rotor block is preferably made up of soft magnetic material, for example iron.For example rotor can be configured to stack of laminations, and wherein multiple magnetic sheets are in axial direction arranged continuously as lamination.Described magnetic sheet for this reason suitably stamping-out be a kind of shape, thereby for example stamping-out goes out corresponding recess therein, described recess forms the receiving chamber of rotor in the time of assembled laminations group.
, be described in 335 B2 at US 7,151 for a kind of exemplary design of the rotor of motor.
Summary of the invention
Can realize a kind of motor by the rotor of embodiments of the present invention, described motor is having the power potential (Leistungspotenzial) compared with motor before this with raising in preferably raising the efficiency.
According to one aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of rotor for motor.This rotor has multiple sectors in cross section, and described sector is along the circumferential direction arranged, and described sector has respectively identical geometry.Each in described sector is configured to about center line symmetry at this.Each sector have at least one be configured in rotor block, for receiving the receiving chamber of at least one permanent magnet.In this receiving chamber, received at least one permanent magnet, described permanent magnet has microscler shape in cross section.At this, permanent magnet is so contained in to be received in chamber and has so magnetization configuration, make described permanent magnet utilization radially point to outside surface, longitudinal side and be resisted against on the outer wall of described receiving chamber, and the magnetic line of force laterally, preferred vertical ground extends towards the periphery of rotor from the surface of permanent magnet.Described rotor is characterised in that, has constructed at least one recess on the outer wall of described receiving chamber, described recess formed with the longitudinal side surface adjacency of described permanent magnet, can not magnetized space." can not magnetized space " should be understood to a kind of volume at this, a kind of material of this volume utilization, for example air, adhesive or resin are filled, and described material is outer therewith to be compared and can not almost can not magnetize in other words for soft magnetic material, for example iron of rotor.
About the rotor that this is proposed, the design of its execution mode in other words especially can be regarded as being based upon on the basis of described knowledge below.
In the rotor that this is proposed, so adjust the geometry of the receiving chamber as magnet receiving structure in rotor block, make to form narrow gap between the surface, longitudinal side of sensing outside of one of received permanent magnet and the opposed outer wall of receiving chamber.
In traditional rotor, receive chamber and permanent magnet generally aspect its geometry, so mutually complementally to form, the surface, longitudinal side of the sensing outside of permanent magnet is resisted against on opposed outer wall on its whole.In this way, while being particularly in operation the significant centrifugal force occurring, can reliably permanent magnet be remained on to receiving indoor.
But have been found that now, on the one hand in order to obtain reliable maintenance, magnet lateral surface is also optional to be resisted against on the opposed wall of receiving chamber necessarily, so all sidedly, and less air gap is set on the other hand between permanent magnet and the wall of space outerpace, can advantageously exerts an influence to the characteristic of rotor.
Especially have been found that in the time that motor moves a little less than field in scope, that is to say that the iron loss in the stator of motor in the time of high rotating speed forms the whole loss of electric machine.This iron loss is especially changed and is caused by the high frequency of the magnetic density in the thin plate of formation stator.Loss power is this square proportional with frequency roughly.The rotor that the spectral composition of the flux density in stator plate is rotated significantly, from the impact of the magnetic conducting power of the visual angle conversion of stator.Slight variation in the geometry of the thin plate of formation rotor may cause significant impact aspect the loss in stator thus.
By being arranged on the recess on the outer wall of receiving chamber, or in other words, by on the top edge of the magnet receiving structure in rotor, as the extra recess for this proposed, can between the region of the adjacency of received permanent magnet and rotor plate, produce less, be for example configured to air space can not magnetized space.Can change thus the air-gap field of motor, thereby reduce the iron loss in stator tooth.At this, the recess on magnet receiving structure can be in the time that the average torque on motor and efficiency only produce compared with little impact and reduce the flux density fluctuation in stator.In the case of the enterprising enforcement use in correct position, this recess has caused the reduction of the iron loss in a weak scope, and this concerning motor, can realize until 3% improved efficiency.
Receiving in chamber, at least one will be arranged on recess wherein and preferably can arrange more near the edge of described sector with respect to the center line of affiliated sector.Determine, what consist of this recess can not particularly advantageously exert an influence to the iron loss in motor in magnetized space in the following cases: described space is arranged near of the lateral edge of one of sector of rotor, particularly be arranged in corresponding position, be arranged in there the periphery of the close especially rotor of permanent magnet of receiving in chamber.
In each in the sector of rotor, should construct one or more and receive in chamber, maybe advantageously, in each sector, construct even number recess, that is to say for example two, four, six etc.For the situation of only having constructed a unique receiving chamber in a sector, can receive on chamber and construct two or more recesses at this, wherein can in the lateral edge of receiving chamber, correspondingly construct one or more recess.If construct more than one receiving chamber in a sector, the recess on the each receiving chamber in the receiving chamber that for example can construct in sector under structure.
Particularly find advantageously, be multiplely configured in a recess in sector and arrange symmetrically about the center line of this sector.
For next can describe to be arranged on the recess received in chamber be found particularly advantageous geometry and structure, define following parameter angle in other words: rotor is divided into multiple sectors in cross section.Each sector is at this extend through angle 2* α 4.In other words, the angle between center line and its outside margin line of a sector is value α 4.Be arranged on the along the circumferential direction lines between outside edge and the mid point of rotor of receiving the recess in chamber with respect to the center line of sector with angle [alpha] 3arrange.The along the circumferential direction lines between inner edge and the mid point of rotor of recess with respect to the center line of sector with angle [alpha] 1arrange.Lines between the mid point of recess and the mid point of rotor with respect to the center line of rotor with angle [alpha] 2arrange.
In a kind of favourable design, rotor has a kind of geometry, makes α 2with α 4ratio, business α namely 2/ α 4in 0.3 to 0.9 scope.
In addition can advantageously select in the following manner, the geometry of rotor: α 3and α 1difference and α 4ratio, that is to say business (α 31)/α 4in 0.05 to 0.5 scope.
In addition have been found that and can obtain in the following cases a kind of favourable effect: be arranged on the recess received in chamber and the minimum bridge height between the periphery of rotor at 0.4 mm in the scope of 2.5 mm.
Will point out at this, the possible advantage of embodiments of the present invention and feature are for this reason partly with reference to by rotor of the present invention and partly with reference to describing by motor of the present invention.Those skilled in the art's discovery, described feature can be with mode combination with one another or the exchange being applicable to, to can realize in this way other execution mode and realize if desired cooperative effect.
Brief description of the drawings
With reference to the accompanying drawings embodiments of the present invention are described, wherein not only specification but also accompanying drawing should not become limitation of the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows the assembly of the rotor of motor with perspective view;
Fig. 2 with cross section show motor by the region of the adjacency of sector of rotor of the present invention and stator; And
Fig. 3 shows by the half of a sector of rotor of the present invention, for defined angular range is described.
Accompanying drawing is only schematic and not to scale (NTS).
Embodiment
Fig. 1 shows the rotor 1 of the synchronous machine of permanent magnet excitation excitation.This rotor 1 is made up of multiple stack of laminations 9.Each stack of laminations 9 comprises multiple thin plates 3, and described thin plate is arranged continuously along the axial direction z of rotor.From thin plate 3, stamping-out goes out regional area 4.For example determine opening 4 at the centre punch of thin plate 3, the axle of motor can be arranged through described opening.In the fringe region of thin plate 3, stamping-out goes out approximate rectangular region 5, and described region is used to form the receiving chamber 6 of the permanent magnet 7 for receiving same rectangle.Described permanent magnet 7 have one in cross section for microscler shape, its have point to outside longitudinal side surface 10, point to the surface 11 of inner longitudinal side and narrower end face 13.Magnet 7 utilizes its surface 10 of pointing to outside longitudinal side to be resisted against all sidedly on the outer wall 12 of receiving chamber 6.On the surface 11 of opposed longitudinal side, can in another recess 8 in stack of laminations 9, suitable fixture (not shown) be set, so that by magnet 7 diametrically outwards and and then utilize its surface 10 of pointing to outside longitudinal side to described outer wall 12 prestress.
As illustrated in the dotted line 14 by Fig. 1, rotor 1 can be envisioned for and in cross section, be divided into multiple sectors 15.Lines 14 are equivalent to the q axis of magnetic at this.Described sector 15 is not to be separated from each other by physical features at this, but be fan-shaped part unit or rather, whole rotor 1 can imagination be made up of described fan-shaped part unit, staggers and arrange along y direction along the circumference of described rotor in wherein said sector 15.All sectors have identical geometry at this.In addition, described sector 15 is configured to respectively only show once in Fig. 1 about center line 16() symmetry.Described one or more permanent magnet 7 is so arranged in sector 15 at this, and the d axis of so-called magnetic is overlapped with described center line 16.
In Fig. 2, show the region of the regional area of one of sector 15 of rotor 1 and the adjacency of stator 2 with sectional view.Stator 2 has multiple electromagnets 17 along its circumference, and it has therebetween stator tooth.Between the interior week of stator 2 and the periphery 27 of rotor 1, construct long and narrow air gap 18.In shown embodiment, in the sector 15 of rotor 1, construct two receiving chambers 6 that form abreast, described receiving chamber is separated from each other by thin-walled 19 for stability reasons.Receive chambers in cross section, to be essentially rectangle for two, thus can receive be therein similarly rectangle and in cross section for microscler permanent magnet 7.
On the outer wall 12 of the receiving chamber 6 under the surface 10 of the longitudinal side of the sensing outside of permanent magnet 7 is directly resisted against on larger region at this.Being received in the permanent magnet 7 of receiving in chamber 6 forms about its geometry and magnetization in the following manner at this: so produce magnetic field, make the magnetic line of force extend and extend towards stator 2 therefrom towards the periphery 27 of rotor from the surface 10 of pointing to outside longitudinal side, but wherein there is no field line from the end face 13s of permanent magnet 7 and extend through the free space 28 of adjacency.
But receiving in the fringe region 21 of chamber 6, on the outer wall 12 of receiving one of chamber 6, construct respectively recess 20.In this region 21, the shape of described magnet 7 no longer with receive the shape complementarity of chamber 6, thereby on recess 20, form less can not magnetized space 29.Laterally from pointing to the field line leaving on the surface 10 of outside longitudinal side in this and can not intersecting in magnetized space 29 of so producing.
What form by recess 20 can not can be reduced in the iron loss that motor run duration occurs in the time that rotor 1 rotates in stator 2 in magnetized space 29 significantly, and contribute to thus to improve electric efficiency, remarkable variation not of the average torque of motor and power.
In embodiment, two permanent magnets 7 and the recess 20 being particularly arranged in affiliated receiving chamber 6 are arranged symmetrically about the center line 16 of sector 15 shown in figure 2.In Fig. 3, for to receiving chamber 6 and recess 20 to describe in preferred geometry design and the layout of 15 inside, sector shown in the half of rotor, show multiple angles.The center line 16 of sector 15 and and Fig. 1 in the margin line 22 of dotted line 14 corresponding side direction between angle be called α 4.Angle between center line 16 and lines 21 is called as α 1, described lines make the along the circumferential direction y of recess 20 be connected with the mid point 23 of rotor in inner edge.Angle between center line 16 and lines 25 is called as α 3, described lines make being along the circumferential direction connected with the mid point 23 of rotor in outside edge of recess 20.Angle between center line 16 and lines 24 is called as α 2, described lines make the mid point 26 of recess 20 be connected with the mid point of rotor 23.Minimum spacing between the edge of recess 20 and the periphery of rotor 27 is called as bridge height contact pin in other words height (Stegh he) h.
By the particularly advantageous effect that recess 20 obtains be set in chamber 6 be observed in the following cases receiving: the mid point of recess is so located, and makes α 2/ α 4in 0.3 to 0.9 scope.The Breadth Maximum that should as far as possible so select recess 20 at this, makes (α 31)/α 4in 0.05 to 0.5 scope.Minimum bridge height h is at this preferably in the scope in 0.4 to 2.5 mm.
Finally will point out, recess 20 can be configured to very different shapes, for example rectangle, circle, ellipse in cross section, with long hole forms or in a similar fashion form.In receiving chamber 6, recess 20 is set according to the present invention, this is favourable for the motor with different groove number (Lochzahl) q of for example q=0.5, q=1, q=1.5, q=2 or q=3 in stator.

Claims (9)

1. for the rotor (1) of motor, wherein said rotor (1) comprises multiple along the circumferential direction (y) sector (15) that arrange and that have respectively identical geometry at cross section, and wherein each sector (15) are configured to about center line (16) symmetry and extend through 2* α 4angular range, and wherein each sector (15) have at least one and are configured in rotor block, be used for receiving the receiving chamber (6) of at least one permanent magnet (7), wherein in described at least one receiving chamber (6), received in the following manner at least one is microscler permanent magnet (7) in cross section: the surface (10) that described permanent magnet (7) utilization is radially pointed to outside longitudinal side is resisted against on the outer wall (12) of described receiving chamber (6), and the magnetic line of force laterally extends towards the periphery (27) of described rotor (1) from the surface (10) of the longitudinal side of the sensing outside of described permanent magnet (7),
It is characterized in that,
On the outer wall (12) of described receiving chamber (6), constructed at least one recess (20), described recess formed with surface (10) adjacency of the longitudinal side of the sensing outside of described permanent magnet (7), can not magnetized space (29),
Wherein at the along the circumferential direction lines (25) between outside edge and the mid point (23) of described rotor (1) of described recess (20) with respect to the center line (16) of described sector (15) with angle [alpha] 3arrange, wherein at the along the circumferential direction lines (21) between inner edge and the mid point (23) of described rotor (1) of described recess (20) with respect to the center line (16) of described sector (15) with angle [alpha] 1arrange, and wherein the lines (24) between the mid point (26) of described recess (20) and the mid point (23) of described rotor (1) with respect to the center line (16) of described sector (15) with angle [alpha] 2arrange.
2. by rotor claimed in claim 1, arrange to obtain more close its edge (22) compared with the center line (16) of wherein said at least one recess (20) and sector (15).
3. by the rotor described in claim 1 or 2, wherein in each sector (15), constructed even number recess (20).
4. by the rotor described in any one in claim 1 to 3, wherein in each sector (15), constructed multiple recesses (20), and recess (20) in a sector (15) is arranged symmetrically about the center line (16) of described sector (15).
5. by the rotor described in any one in claim 1 to 4, wherein α 2with α 4ratio in 0.3 to 0.9 scope.
6. by the rotor described in any one in claim 1 to 5, wherein α 3and α 1difference and α 4ratio in 0.05 to 0.5 scope.
7. by the rotor described in any one in claim 1 to 6, wherein the minimum bridge height h between described recess (20) and the periphery (27) of described rotor (1) at 0.4 mm in the scope of 2.5 mm.
8. by the rotor described in any one in claim 1 to 7, wherein said rotor (1) is configured with the stack of laminations (9) of lamination (3) formation of being arranged continuously by multiple in axial direction (z).
9. have by the motor of the rotor described in any one in claim 1 to 8 (1).
CN201310691394.5A 2012-12-18 2013-12-17 Rotor for electric machine comprising recesses in magnet pockets Pending CN103872822A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012223598.1 2012-12-18
DE102012223598.1A DE102012223598A1 (en) 2012-12-18 2012-12-18 Rotor for an electric machine with pockets in magnetic pockets

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CN103872822A true CN103872822A (en) 2014-06-18

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DE (1) DE102012223598A1 (en)

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CN111108663A (en) * 2017-08-17 2020-05-05 纬湃科技有限责任公司 Rotor for an electric machine, in particular for a motor vehicle, and method for producing such a rotor
CN111316538A (en) * 2017-10-26 2020-06-19 康派克特动力有限公司 Electrical machine with increased power density

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US10003228B2 (en) * 2015-08-25 2018-06-19 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Interior permanent magnet machine with axially varying permanent magnet size
DE102017207940A1 (en) * 2017-05-11 2018-11-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Rotor and electric machine
US10886801B2 (en) 2017-09-29 2021-01-05 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Vernier machine with shaped permanent magnet groups
US10844909B2 (en) * 2017-11-02 2020-11-24 Steering Solutions Ip Holding Corporation Electric power steering assembly

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US20140167552A1 (en) 2014-06-19
US9369016B2 (en) 2016-06-14

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