CN103867655A - 用于机动车辆的变速装置 - Google Patents

用于机动车辆的变速装置 Download PDF

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CN103867655A
CN103867655A CN201310426889.5A CN201310426889A CN103867655A CN 103867655 A CN103867655 A CN 103867655A CN 201310426889 A CN201310426889 A CN 201310426889A CN 103867655 A CN103867655 A CN 103867655A
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gear
axle
speed change
motor
axis
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M.加拉贝洛
A.皮亚札
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Centro Ricerche Fiat SCpA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/087—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
    • F16H3/091—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears including a single countershaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4808—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox output shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/087—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
    • F16H3/093—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears with two or more countershafts
    • F16H2003/0931—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears with two or more countershafts each countershaft having an output gear meshing with a single common gear on the output shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H2003/442—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion comprising two or more sets of orbital gears arranged in a single plane
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/003—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds
    • F16H2200/0052—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds the gear ratios comprising six forward speeds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/2002—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears
    • F16H2200/2005—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears with one sets of orbital gears
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/19—Gearing
    • Y10T74/19014—Plural prime movers selectively coupled to common output

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于机动车辆的变速装置。具体而言，一种变速装置包括主轴(3)、副轴(6)和第三轴(9)，该第三轴(9)带有倒档齿轮(RM)和与差速器(D)的齿轮(D1)相啮合的输出小齿轮(U2)两者。第三轴(9)经由齿轮减速器(R)连接到电机(E)的轴(11)上，电机的壳体刚性地连接到变速装置的壳体(2)上。

Description

用于机动车辆的变速装置
技术领域
本发明涉及用于机动车辆的变速装置，该类型的变速装置包括：
-至少一个主轴，该主轴可借助于离合器装置连接到机动车辆的曲轴上；
-至少一个副轴，该副轴的轴线平行于所述主轴的轴线，且设置成离所述主轴的轴线有一定距离，且该副轴带有与差速器的齿轮相啮合的输出小齿轮；
-对应于多个前进齿轮比的多对齿轮，其中各对齿轮中的一个齿轮刚性地旋转连接到所述主轴和副轴中的一者上，而另一个齿轮则可与主轴和副轴中的另一者自由地旋转；
-多个齿轮选择装置，以用于将各个所述可自由旋转的齿轮与齿轮安装于其上的轴旋转联接；
-可自由旋转地安装在第三轴上的倒档齿轮，该第三轴的轴线设置成离所述主轴的轴线和离所述副轴的轴线两者都有一定距离，所述倒档齿轮可借助于倒档齿轮选择装置旋转连接到所述第三轴上，
-所述倒档齿轮总是与可自由旋转地安装在副轴上且形成所述前进齿轮对中的一者的一部分的齿轮相啮合，
-其中所述第三轴连接到电机的轴上，电机与所述变速装置相关联，且设计成用以既操作为电动机又操作为发电机，且具有刚性地连接到所述变速装置的壳体上的壳体。
背景技术
例如，文献第EP2 345 829 A1号的图3中示出了上文陈述的类型的变速装置。
上文陈述的类型的变速装置提供了混合变速器，其中电机用作电动机，电动机设计成用以例如在变速阶段将扭矩传递到车辆的齿轮，以便补偿出现在这些阶段中的扭矩的下降。同时，电机用作发电机，以回收其中变速器由车辆的齿轮牵引的所有阶段中的能量。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，提供从结构的简单和减小占据空间的观点来看将特别有利的上文提到的类型的变速装置。
鉴于为了实现上述目的，本发明的主题为具有上文已经提到的所有特点的变速装置，且该变速装置的其它特点在于上述第三轴，该第三轴承载倒档齿轮且连接到电机的轴上，还承载与差速器的齿轮直接啮合的第二输出小齿轮。
由于上文陈述的特点，根据本发明的变速装置在不需要复杂而笨重的结构的情况下使电机与变速装置能够相关联。
附图说明
现将参照所附附图描述本发明，仅通过非限制性实例的方式来提供附图，且在附图中：
-图1为应用到本发明的变速装置的截面视图；
-图2为由此其中出现了图1的变速轴线的布置的示意性侧视图；以及
-图3至图5为应用于图1和图2的变速装置中的本发明的三个不同实施例的截面视图。
具体实施方式
所附附图示出了本发明应用于仅具有一个主轴和两个副轴的手动类型的变速装置的实例。然而，很明显，本发明还可应用于完全不同类型的变速装置，且具体而言，例如，应用于具有可借助于双离合器装置有选择地连接到曲轴上的两个同轴的主轴的变速装置，且总的来说，可应用于任何类型的变速装置(手动或自动)。
如已经提到的那样，图1示出了下文描述的本发明的应用的实例涉及的变速装置的总体构造。
参看图1，数字1指定为整个变速装置，其具有壳体2，主轴3借助于轴承4可旋转地支承在壳体2内。主轴3的一端(图1中在右侧的一端)可借助于任何已知类型的离合器装置5连接到曲轴上。
变速装置包括借助于轴承7旋转地支承在壳体2内的副轴6。副轴6使其轴线6a平行于主轴的轴线3a，且设置成离主轴的轴线3a有一定距离。
变速装置包括对应于各种前进齿轮比的多对齿轮。具体而言，第一齿轮比通过由主轴3承载且与可自由旋转地安装在副轴6上的齿轮IB相啮合的齿轮IA来限定。
第二齿轮比通过由主轴3承载且与可自由旋转地安装在副轴6A上的齿轮IIB相啮合的齿轮IIA来限定。仅示意性地在图1中示出的其本身已知的任何类型的选择装置S1/2可从空档位置轴向地转换到第一齿轮的接合位置或转换到相对侧的第二齿轮的接合位置中，其中齿轮IB或齿轮IIB分别旋转地连接到副轴6上。附图没有示出齿轮选择装置的促动方式，该方式可以以任何已知的方式获得，且考虑其自身，该方式并未落入本发明的范围内。
第三齿轮比由可自由旋转地安装在主轴3上且与由副轴6承载的齿轮IIIB相啮合的齿轮IIIA限定。
第四齿轮比由可自由旋转地安装在主轴3上且与由副轴6承载的齿轮IVB相啮合的齿轮IVE限定。标号S3/4指定了通过分别将齿轮IIIA或齿轮IVE连接到主轴3上来控制第三齿轮或第四齿轮的接合的选择装置。
第五齿轮比由可自由旋转地安装在主轴3上且与旋转地连接到副轴6上的齿轮VB相啮合的齿轮VA限定。
最后，第六齿轮比由可自由旋转地安装在主轴3上且与旋转连接到副轴6上的齿轮VIB相啮合的齿轮VIA限定。标号S5/6指定了控制分别将齿轮VA或齿轮VIA连接到主轴6上的第五齿轮或第六齿轮的接合的选择装置。
副轴6还承载与差速器D的环形齿轮D1相啮合的输出小齿轮U1。
附图的图2示出了分别在主轴3和副轴6的轴线3A和6A，以及差速器D(图2中示意性地示出的)的环形齿轮D1的轴线8的空间中的定位。
变速装置1还包括带有用于倒档的齿轮RM的第三轴9。轴9使其轴线9a平行于主轴3的轴线3A和副轴6的轴线6A，且设置成离主轴3的轴线3A和离副轴6的轴线6A有一定距离。
倒档齿轮RM可自由旋转地安装在第三轴9上，且与齿轮IB永久地相啮合，如以上所提到的那样，齿轮IB可自由旋转地安装在副轴6上。
第三轴9借助于轴承10旋转地支承在壳体2内，且承载第二输出小齿轮U2，第二小齿轮U2还与差速器的圆柱D1相啮合。
图1示出了设计成没有形成本发明的主题的更多特点的变速装置。
图3至图5示出了应用于图1的变速装置中的本发明的三个不同实施例。在图3到图5的所有附图中，变速装置的第三轴9连接到任何已知类型的电机E的轴11上，该电机E设计成用以既操作为电动机且又操作为发电机。电机E的壳体刚性地连接到变速装置的壳体2上，且在所示的实例的情况下，其中其主要部分与变速装置的壳体整体结合成单件。
图3的解决方案设想了借助于以行星齿轮系形式的齿轮减速器装置获得的电机E的轴11与第三轴9之间的连接，这使得有可能具有与彼此重合的轴线9a和11a。
更具体而言，由R指定为整体的行星齿轮系包括旋转地连接到电机E的轴11上的太阳齿轮12，由刚性地连接到壳体2上的环形元件组成的具有内齿13的外环形齿轮，以及多个行星齿轮14，行星齿轮14与太阳齿轮12和与环形齿轮13相啮合，且行星齿轮14由旋转地连接到变速装置的第三轴9上的齿轮系托架部件15承载。
图4示出了第二实施例，第二实施例与图3的实施例的不同之处在于，将电机E的轴11连接到变速装置的第三轴9上的齿轮减速器R由一对齿轮组成，该对齿轮包括小齿轮16，小齿轮16由电机E的轴11承载，且与具有在旋转地连接到变速装置的第三轴9上的钟形元件18上产生的内齿17的环形齿轮相啮合。
图4的解决方案包括轴11,9的平行轴线11a,9a之间的距离。此外，其使得设计者能够围绕第三轴9的轴线9a将轴线11a定位在不同的可能的角位置中。
图5示出了另一个实施例，其与上述实施例的不同之处在于，将电机的轴11连接到变速装置的第三轴9上的减速器R包括一对齿轮，该对齿轮包括由电机E的轴11承载且与由变速装置的第三轴9承载的齿轮20相啮合的齿轮19。另外，在图5的解决方案的情况下，轴线11a,9a设置成离彼此有一定距离，且也在该情况下，设计者具有围绕变速装置的第三轴9的轴线9a选择轴线11a的不同的可能的位置的可能性。
如从前文的描述中清楚地出现的那样，根据本发明的变速装置的基本特点在于以下事实，设想了承载用于倒档的齿轮RM和与差速器的环形齿轮相啮合的输出小齿轮U2两者的第三轴9，所述轴还借助于齿轮减速器连接到电机E的轴上。
以上特点使得电机E能够与变速装置相关联，保持变速装置的结构极其简单且完全不笨重。
当然，在不违背本发明的原理的情况下，结构细节和实施例可相对于本文中已经仅通过实例方式描述和示出的内容较大地改变，而不会因此脱离本发明的范围。
特别明显的是，本发明的教导内容还可应用于不同于本文中仅通过实例方式已经描述和示出的类型的变速装置中，且特别是还应用于包括两个同轴的主轴和双离合器装置的类型的变速装置中，以及应用于手动型和自动型两种变速装置中。
虽然本文中示出的实例使用了具有用于将电机的轴连接到变速装置的第三轴上的单个齿轮减速级的齿轮减速器，但本发明还设想了使用两个或多个串联的齿轮减速器装置的可能性，以提供在电机E的轴与变速装置的第三轴9之间的连接中的一定数目的减速级。

Claims (7)

1. 一种用于机动车辆的变速装置，包括： 
-至少一个主轴(3)，所述主轴(3)能够借助于离合器装置(5)连接到所述机动车辆的曲轴上；
-至少一个副轴(6)，所述副轴(6)的轴线(6a)平行于所述主轴(3)的轴线(3a)，且设置成离所述主轴(3)的轴线(3a)有一定距离，且所述副轴带有将与差速器的齿轮(D1)相啮合的输出小齿轮(U1)；
-对应于多个前进齿轮比(I,II,III,IV,V,VI)的多对齿轮(IA,IB;IIA,IIB;IIIA,IIIB;IVE,IVB;VA,VB;VIA,VIB)，其中各对齿轮中的一个齿轮刚性地旋转连接到所述主轴(3)和所述副轴(6)中的一者上，而所述另一个齿轮相对于所述主轴(3)和所述副轴(6)中的另一者可自由地旋转；
-多个齿轮选择装置(S1/2, S3/4, S5/6)，所述齿轮选择装置(S1/2, S3/4, S5/6)用于使各个所述可自由旋转的齿轮与所述齿轮安装于轴上的所述轴旋转联接；以及
-可自由旋转地安装在第三轴(9)上的倒档齿轮(RM)，所述第三轴的轴线(9a)设置成离所述主轴(3)的轴线(3a)和离所述副轴(6)的轴线(6a)有一定距离，所述倒档齿轮(RM)借助于倒档齿轮选择装置(SRM)可旋转连接到所述第三轴(9)上，
-所述倒档齿轮(RM)总是与可自由旋转地安装在所述副轴(6)上的形成所述前进齿轮对(IA,IB)中的一者的一部分的齿轮(IB)相啮合，
-其中所述第三轴(9)经由齿轮减速器(R)连接到电机(E)的所述轴(11)上，所述电机(E)与所述变速装置相关联且设计成用以既操作为电动机且又操作为发电机，且具有刚性地连接到所述变速装置的壳体上的壳体，
-所述变速装置的特征还在于，所述第三轴(9)承载还设计成用以与所述差速器(D)的前述齿轮(D1)直接啮合的第二输出小齿轮(U2)。
2. 根据权利要求1所述的变速装置，其特征在于，所述前述齿轮减速器(R)为行星齿轮减速器的形式，以及其中所述电机(E)的轴和所述第三轴(9)的轴线(11a,9a)与彼此对准。
3. 根据权利要求2所述的变速装置，其特征在于，所述前述行星齿轮系(R)包括连接到所述电机(E)的轴(11)上的太阳齿轮(12)，刚性地连接到所述变速装置的壳体(2)上的外环形齿轮(13)，以及与所述太阳齿轮(12)和与所述环形齿轮(13)相啮合且由连接到所述前述第三轴(9)上的齿轮系托架部件(15)承载的多个行星齿轮(14)。
4. 根据权利要求1所述的变速装置，其特征在于，所述齿轮减速器(R)包括一对齿轮(16,17)，包括由所述电机(E)的轴(11)承载的齿轮(16)和具有与由所述电机(E)的轴(11)承载的所述齿轮(16)相啮合的且旋转地连接到所述第三轴(9)上的内齿的环形齿轮(17)，所述第三轴(9)和所述电机(E)的轴(11)具有设置为与彼此平行且离彼此有一定距离的其轴线(9a,11a)。
5. 根据权利要求1所述的变速装置，其特征在于，所述齿轮减速器(R)包括一对齿轮(19,20)，包括由所述电机(E)的轴(11)承载的齿轮(19)和具有与由所述电机(E)的轴(11)承载的所述齿轮(19)相啮合的且旋转地连接到所述第三轴(9)上的外齿的齿轮(20)，所述电机(E)的轴(11)和所述第三轴(9)的轴线(11a,9a)设置为与彼此平行且离彼此有一定距离。
6. 根据权利要求1所述的变速装置，其特征在于，所述减速器(R)包括一定数目的减速级。
7. 根据前述权利要求的任一项所述的变速装置，其特征在于，所述电机(E)的壳体与所述变速装置的壳体(2)至少部分地整体结合成单件。
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