CN103866192B - Low-resistivity steel and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Low-resistivity steel and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103866192B CN103866192B CN201410059015.5A CN201410059015A CN103866192B CN 103866192 B CN103866192 B CN 103866192B CN 201410059015 A CN201410059015 A CN 201410059015A CN 103866192 B CN103866192 B CN 103866192B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-resistivity steel comprising at least one of the following chemical elements in percentage by mass: 0.001-0.010% of C, less than or equal to 0.03% of Si, 0.01-0.20% of Mn, 0.001-0.050% of Al, less than or equal to 0.010% of N, 0.001-0.015% of O, 0.001-0.05% of Nb, 0.001-0.05% of V, 0.01-2.00% of Cu and 0.001-0.05% of Ti, and the balance of Fe and other unavoidable impurities. Meanwhile, the chemical elements satisfy that 0.86*Mn+1.64*Al+4.88*O<=0.30. Accordingly, the invention also discloses a manufacturing method of the low-resistivity steel. The low-resistivity steel disclosed by the invention is low in resistivity, low in expansion coefficient and low in manufacturing cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of steel and its manufacture method, more particularly, to a kind of electrode steel and its manufacture method.
Background technology
In industrial electrolysis aluminum, need to adjust electrolysis bath furnace bottom resistance and CURRENT DISTRIBUTION to improve the horizontal current of aluminium liquid.
Negative electrode steel plate can play evenly distributing electric current, improves aluminum liquid horizontal electric current, realize low-voltage and produce and reduce electrolytic aluminium direct current
The effect of power consumption.Because in electrolytic aluminium, negative electrode steel plate is on active service for a long time under 900 DEG C about of hot conditionss, therefore, not only to
Ask steel plate to have good electric conductivity, that is, resistivity is low, also require it to have relatively low linear expansion coefficient and higher intensity.
For cathode material, copper resistivity at normal temperatures is extremely low（Fine copper resistivity at room temperature is 1.9 × 10-8
Ω·m）, but the linear expansion coefficient of copper is higher, and it is about 18 × 10 when 20～100 DEG C-6/ DEG C, and copper is at room temperature
Tensile strength is very low, only 130～150MPa.Meanwhile, because the fusing point of copper is low, under 900 DEG C about of hot conditionss
Its resistivity and linear expansion coefficient can significantly raise, and its intensity can significantly reduce, and the price of copper is high in addition, therefore,
Copper is not appropriate for as the cathode material under hot conditionss.In order to meet hot conditionss bottom electrode for electric conductivity, intensity and swollen
The requirement of the items combination property such as bulging deformation, and also to reducing production cost, is currently mainly used structural steel Q195 and knot
Structure steel Q235 etc. is as cathode electrode.Q195 and Q235 resistivity at room temperature is about 15 × 10-8Ω m, but at 900 DEG C
When, its resistivity can be more than 120 × 10-8Ω m, therefore, they not entirely appropriate as the moon working under the high temperature conditions
Pole electrode.
It is desirable here that obtaining a kind of steel for cathode electrode, it has relatively low resistance under hot operation state
Rate, the relatively low coefficient of expansion and higher intensity.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of low-resistivity steel and its manufacture method, the resistivity of this steel is low, expands
Coefficient is low, and low cost of manufacture.
To achieve these goals, the present invention proposes a kind of low-resistivity steel, and its chemical elements in percentage by mass is：
C：0.001～0.010%,
Si：≤ 0.03%,
Mn：0.01～0.20%,
Al：0.001～0.050,
N：≤ 0.010%,
O：0.001～0.015%,
Nb：0.001～0.05%, V：0.001～0.05%, Cu：0.01～2.00% and Ti：In 0.001～0.05% extremely
Few one kind；
Balance of Fe and other inevitable impurity；And meet：
0.86×Mn+1.64×Al+4.88×O≤0.30%.
The design principle of each chemical element in low-resistivity steel of the present invention is：
Carbon：Carbon is present in ferrite with solid solution condition, and unnecessary carbon also can form cementite.When adding titanium, niobium, vanadium,
Carbon and titanium, niobium, vanadium form carbide.No matter the carbon of solid solution condition or cementite or carbide, all can cause ferritic crystalline substance
Lattice distort, and lead to the resistivity of steel to rise, and therefore with the increase of carbon content in steel, the resistivity of steel raises.In order to reduce steel
Resistivity, carbon content needs less than 0.010wt.%；But, when carbon content is less than 0.001wt.%, reduces carbon content and produced
Raw smelting cost can significantly improve, therefore, need carbon content control in the inventive solutions 0.001～
Between 0.010wt.%.
Silicon：Silicon is deoxidant element, but its deoxidizing capacity is poorer than aluminum, manganese.Silicon can be solid-solution in the intensity improving steel in steel, but
For improving resistivity, it is more low better in scope described in the technical program for the silicone content to control.
Manganese：Manganese is deoxidant element, and it can be solid-solution in improve the intensity of steel in steel, but the interpolation of manganese also can improve
The resistivity of steel, so its addition is also unsuitable too high, the manganese in the steel of the present invention should be controlled to 0.01～0.20wt.%.
Aluminum：Aluminum is strong deoxidant element, and it can be with crystal grain thinning to improve the intensity of steel, but the addition of aluminum also can improve
The resistivity of steel, can allow the intensity adding appropriate aluminum as deoxidizer and improving steel, but, in the present invention in steel
Aluminium content should be controlled to 0.001～0.050wt.%.
Nitrogen：Nitrogen is present in ferrite with solid solution condition, and when adding titanium in steel, nitrogen easily forms titanium nitride chemical combination with titanium
Thing.With the increase of nitrogen in steel content, the resistivity of steel also can be stepped up, and meanwhile, nitridation titanium inclusion will also result in steel
Resistivity rises.Therefore, the nitrogen content in technical scheme needs to be set as≤0.010wt.%.
Oxygen：The method mainly adopting oxygen decarburization in converter smelting, therefore oxygen is inevitable chemical element in steel,
It is mainly present in steel with being mingled with of oxide, and these field trashes are unfavorable for reducing the resistivity of steel, but cross low content
Oxygen is difficult to realize in smelting.For the oxygen element in the technical program it should be controlled in 0.001～0.015wt.%.
Niobium and vanadium：Niobium and vanadium are all the formation elements of strong carbide, nitride, and they both can form single carbide
Or nitride, compound carboritride can be formed again.These field trashes being formed or precipitated phase can press down in hot rolling
Combinations grain length is big, the welding performance being beneficial to the intensity improving steel and improving steel, but field trash or precipitated phase but can damage
The electric conductivity of steel.Therefore, the addition needing both suitable controls in the inventive solutions is to improve the comprehensive of steel
Can, the weight/mass percentage composition of niobium is controlled to 0.001～0.05%, the weight/mass percentage composition of vanadium is controlled to 0.001～0.05%.
Copper：Copper can improve the electric conductivity of steel, reduces the resistivity of steel.Copper can improve the recrystallization temperature of steel, passes through
The intensity separating out raising steel of copper, therefore, in technical scheme, the addition of copper should be 0.01～2.00wt.%.
Titanium：As niobium and v element, titanium is also strong carbide, nitride forming element.The field trash of titanium and precipitated phase
Electric conductivity similarly can be damaged, therefore, allow to add titanium in appropriate amount to improve the combination property of steel in the technical program, it adds
Dosage should be 0.001～0.05wt.%.
In addition, above-mentioned addition element also needs to meet 0.86 × Mn+1.64 × Al+4.88 × O≤0.30.In solidification of molten steel
During, manganese in steel and oxygen easily form MnO compound, and aluminum and oxygen also easily form Al2O3Compound, also very likely shape certainly
Become complex inclusion.These hard field trashes can cause distortion of lattice, poorly conductive.In addition, the atomic radius of manganese and aluminum is all big
In iron atom radius, in the presence of manganese and aluminum are with solution, distortion of lattice, the electric conductivity of infringement steel similarly can be caused.Comprehensive
Close the impact that manganese, aluminum and oxygen form the oxide and solid solution condition resistivity to steel, be accounted for manganese and aluminum is deoxidation simultaneously
Essential elements, must be fulfilled for the restriction relation described in this case between three, that is, 0.86 × Mn+1.64 × Al+4.88 × O≤
0.30.
In the technical program, inevitable impurity is primarily referred to as S, P and B element, and it is all the element improving resistivity,
Therefore low land to control its content as far as possible.Additionally, in low-resistivity steel of the present invention, common residual elements and having
Evil element also has Cr, Ni, Mo, Ge, Se, Sn, Te, As and Sb etc., and they mostly come from the raw material of smelting process, and its content is
More low better.
The microstructure of low-resistivity steel of the present invention substantially all for ferrite.And existing electrode steel is micro-
See tissue and mostly be pearlite+ferrite.
Low-resistivity steel of the present invention resistivity≤11 × 10 at room temperature-8Ω·m.In identical room temperature condition
Under, the resistivity of the low-resistivity steel in the technical program is less than the resistivity of existing Q195 and Q235 structural steel.
Correspondingly, present invention also offers the manufacture method of above-mentioned low-resistivity steel, this manufacture method can be produced swollen
The low-resistivity steel that swollen coefficient is low and intensity is high, the manufacture method of this low-resistivity steel includes step：
（1）Smelt；
（2）Strand；
（3）Hot rolling and cooling.
Further, in above-mentioned steps（3）In, cooling is water-cooled or air cooling in the hot rolling.
Further, in above-mentioned steps（3）In, cooling is water-cooled or air cooling after course of hot rolling.
Further, in above-mentioned steps（3）In, in TFinish to gaugeAverage cooldown rate≤20 in～300 DEG C of temperature range
℃/s.It is to ensure that ferrite crystal grain is fully grown up by slower rate of cooling, so advantageously in the electricity reducing steel
Resistance rate.
Further, in above-mentioned steps（3）In, hot rolling heating-up temperature is 1100～1250 DEG C.Using higher heating temperature
Degree makes austenite structure full and uniformization of steel.
Further, in above-mentioned steps（3）In, hot rolling start rolling temperature is 1000～1100 DEG C.
Further, in above-mentioned steps（3）In, hot rolling finishing temperature is 750～950 DEG C.
Using technical solutions according to the invention, the low product of resistivity can be obtained, and it has relatively low expansion system
Number, and manufacturing cost is cheap.
Specific embodiment
According to specific embodiment, low-resistivity steel of the present invention and its manufacture method will be described further below,
But specific embodiment and related description do not constitute the improper restriction for technical scheme.
Embodiment A1-A9 and comparative example B1-B3
Manufacture low-resistivity steel of the present invention according to the following step, it includes：
（1）Smelt and Fruit storage：It is not added with steel scrap when smelting as far as possible or add less amount of steel scrap, main employing
Molten iron smelting, to avoid steel scrap to bring Cr into, the harmful element such as Ni, Mo, Ge, Se, Sn, Te, As and Sb, the main purpose of smelting is
Decarburization simultaneously removes harmful gass in steel, adds necessary alloying element, reduces the content of harmful element, controls the chemistry unit of steel
Quality amount per distribution ratio is as shown in table 1；
（2）Strand：It is casting continuously to form slab；
（3）Hot rolling：Heating-up temperature is 1100～1250 DEG C, and finishing temperature is 750～950 DEG C, in heating, have fully
Heating and temperature retention time ensure steel in microstructure homogenization, take higher rolling temperature it is therefore an objective to the operation of rolling neutralization roll
Realize fully recrystallization and crystal grain after system to grow up.
（4）Cooling：In TFinish to gaugeIn～300 DEG C of temperature range, water-cooled or sky are carried out with the average cooldown rate of≤20 DEG C/s
Cold, specific fabrication process parameters are as shown in table 2.
It should be noted that in above-mentioned steps（2）In strand can also be carried out using molding mode, but compared to molding
Mode, using continuous casting mode so that the internal component of steel is uniform, surface quality is good, and lumber recovery is high, and production efficiency is good.
In addition, above-mentioned steps（4）, that is, cooling step can also carry out in the hot rolling.
The percent mass proportioning of the chemical element of table 1. embodiment A1-A9 and comparative example B1-B3（Wt.%, balance of Fe and
Other inevitable impurity）
Note *：R=0.86 × Mn+1.64 × Al+4.88 × O, R≤0.30%.
Table 2 lists the fabrication process parameters of this case embodiment A1-A9 and comparative example B1-B3.
Table 2.
Table 3 lists the various performance parameters of this case embodiment A1-A9 and comparative example B1-B3.
Table 3.
From table 3 it is observed that above-described embodiment A1-A9 is in room temperature（20℃）Under resistivity be respectively less than 11 × 10-8
Ω m, the thermal coefficient of expansion at 20～900 DEG C is respectively less than and is equal to 14 × 10-6/℃.Compared to comparative example B1-B3, embodiment
The resistivity of A1-A9 and thermal coefficient of expansion are all less.
Additionally, as shown in Table 3, the ductility of embodiment A1-A9 is preferable, and Rp0.2In 200MPa about, RmLeft in 300MPa
The right side, has preferable intensity although its intensity is high less than comparative example, but also can meet the requirement of electrode steel.
It should be noted that listed above is only the specific embodiment of the present invention it is clear that the invention is not restricted to above enforcement
Example, has the similar change of many therewith.If those skilled in the art directly derives from present disclosure or joins
The all deformation expected, all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of low-resistivity steel is it is characterised in that resistivity≤11 × 10 under its room temperature-8Ω m, its chemical element quality
Per distribution ratio is：
C：0.001～0.010%,
Si：≤ 0.03%,
Mn：0.01～0.20%,
Al：0.001～0.050%,
N：≤ 0.010%,
O：0.001～0.015%,
Cu：0.01～2.00%,
Nb：0.001～0.05%, V：0.001～0.05% and Ti：At least one in 0.001～0.05%；
Balance of Fe and other inevitable impurity；And meet：
0.86 × Mn+1.64 × Al+4.88 × O≤0.30%.
2. low-resistivity steel as claimed in claim 1 it is characterised in that its microstructure substantially all for ferrite.
3. the manufacture method of low-resistivity steel as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is it is characterised in that include step：
(1) smelt；
(2) strand；
(3) hot rolling and cooling：Wherein in cooling, control in TFinish to gaugeAverage cooldown rate≤20 in～300 DEG C of temperature range
℃/s.
4. the manufacture method of low-resistivity steel as claimed in claim 3 is it is characterised in that in described step (3), cooling is
Water-cooled or air cooling in the hot rolling.
5. the manufacture method of low-resistivity steel as claimed in claim 3 is it is characterised in that in described step (3), cooling is
Water-cooled or air cooling after course of hot rolling.
6. the manufacture method of low-resistivity steel as claimed in claim 3 is it is characterised in that in described step (3), hot rolling adds
Hot temperature is 1100～1250 DEG C.
7. the manufacture method of low-resistivity steel as claimed in claim 3 is it is characterised in that in described step (3), hot rolling is opened
Roll temperature and be 1000～1100 DEG C.
8. the manufacture method of low-resistivity steel as claimed in claim 3 is it is characterised in that in described step (3), hot rolling is eventually
Roll temperature and be 750～950 DEG C.
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| CN106269872A (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2017-01-04 | 丹阳市凯鑫合金材料有限公司 | The production method of the invar made-up belt that a kind of cost is relatively low and efficiency is higher |
| CN107881427B (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2020-09-25 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Low-yield-strength aluminum-coated substrate with excellent plasticity |
| CN108796382B (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2020-10-27 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Boron-containing steel suitable for large-deformation and easy-to-punch aluminum-coated substrate and production method thereof |
| CN108179354B (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2019-01-18 | 兰州理工大学 | A kind of high conductivity band steel and its smelting process and application |
| CN110407165B (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2023-05-09 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Selenium-doped covalent organic framework-sulfur positive electrode composite material for lithium-sulfur battery and synthesis method thereof |
| CN110184539B (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2021-06-08 | 甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司 | Low-cost high-conductivity electrode flat steel and smelting method thereof |
| CN113913698B (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-09-20 | 兰州理工大学 | High-strength high-conductivity flat steel and manufacturing method and application thereof |
| CN114005602A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-02-01 | 兰州理工大学 | Low-carbon high-strength low-resistivity cable core material, preparation method and application |
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