CN103862073A - Turning method and turning tool - Google Patents
Turning method and turning tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN103862073A CN103862073A CN201210551254.3A CN201210551254A CN103862073A CN 103862073 A CN103862073 A CN 103862073A CN 201210551254 A CN201210551254 A CN 201210551254A CN 103862073 A CN103862073 A CN 103862073A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/005—Geometry of the chip-forming or the clearance planes, e.g. tool angles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B1/00—Methods for turning or working essentially requiring the use of turning-machines; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
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Abstract
The invention provides a turning method. The method comprises the following step: turning the outer surface of a niobium alloy target material or a niobium alloy target material by adopting a turning tool, wherein the front angle of the turning tool is 20-40 degrees, the rear angle is 4-15 degrees, the main deflection angle is 45-60 degrees, the auxiliary deflection angle is 45-90 degrees, and the blade inclination angle is 10-25 degrees. By selecting the front angle, rear angle, main deflection angle, auxiliary deflection angle and blade inclination angle of the turning tool, cuttings can be discharged from processed surfaces, so that the cuttings are prevented from sticking to the tool, and the cutting difficulty is lowered. The invention further provides a turning tool. The front angle of the turning tool is 20-40 degrees, the rear angle is 4-15 degrees, the main deflection angle is 45-60 degrees, the auxiliary deflection angle is 45-90 degrees, and the blade inclination angle is 10-25 degrees.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to target technical field, relate in particular to a kind of method for turning and a kind of lathe tool.
Background technology
Turning processing is that workpiece is installed on lathe, utilizes the rotation of workpiece with respect to cutter, workpiece is carried out to the method for machining.Turning processing is the most basic, modal cutting working method, occupies aborning very consequence.And lathe tool is one of most widely used cutter in turning process.The working portion of lathe tool is exactly the part that produces and process smear metal, comprises blade, makes smear metal structure, chip removal or appearance disconnected broken or that wind up store up the structural element such as space, the passage of cutting fluid of smear metal.The cutting tip of lathe tool is made up of main cutting edge, front cutting edge, rake face, main rear knife face, minor flank and nose angle.The selecting properly of lathe tool has great importance for processing work.
Target is the material that is used as negative electrode in sputter-deposition technology, and this material is redeposited at anode surface with the form disengaging negative electrode of molecule, atom or ion under positively charged cation clashes into.Target is as a kind of extraordinary electronic material with high added value, and it is widely used in the thin-film material of sputter sophisticated technology.Niobium and niobium alloy sputtering target material be as the important source material of preparing niobium and alloy film material thereof, extensive application in the corrosive environments such as the photoelectric fields such as liquid crystal flat panel display, optical lens, electronic imaging, information storage, solar cell and coating film on glass and boats and ships, chemical industry.
In order to improve the utilization rate of target, all applying hollow circular-tube sputtering target both at home and abroad at present.After the endoporus of niobium target or niobium alloy target machines, need to carry out machining to its outer surface, due to niobium and alloy viscosity larger, in niobium target or niobium alloy target working angles, the sticky cutter situation of smear metal is very serious, crowded phenomenon is gnawed in appearance cutting face, thereby has increased the cutting difficulty of niobium target or the processing of niobium alloy target outer surface.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention solves is to provide a kind of lathe tool and method for turning, can reduce the cutting difficulty in niobium target or niobium alloy target outer surface process by cutter provided by the invention.
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of lathe tool, the anterior angle of described lathe tool is 20 ° ~ 40 °, and relief angle is 4 ° ~ 15 °, and tool cutting edge angle is 45 ° ~ 60 °, and auxiliary angle is 45 ° ~ 90 °, and cutting edge inclination is 10 ° ~ 25 °.
Preferably, described lathe tool is W-Co kind hard alloy cutter.
The present invention also provides a kind of method for turning, comprising:
Adopt lathe tool to carry out turning to the outer surface of niobium target or niobium alloy target, the anterior angle of described lathe tool is 20 ° ~ 40 °, and relief angle is 4 ° ~ 15 °, and tool cutting edge angle is 45 ° ~ 60 °, and auxiliary angle is 45 ° ~ 90 °, and cutting edge inclination is 10 ° ~ 25 °.
Preferably, described lathe tool is W-Co kind hard alloy cutter.
Preferably, the lubricant medium of described turning is animal oil.
Preferably, described turning is followed successively by rough turn processing and finish turning processing.
Preferably, the amount of feeding of described rough turn processing is that turn ~ 0.3mm/ of 0.25mm/ turns; The amount of feeding of described finish turning processing is that turn ~ 0.2mm/ of 0.15mm/ turns.
Preferably, the cutting depth of described rough turn processing is 2mm ~ 5mm; The cutting depth of described finish turning processing is 0.8mm ~ 1.2mm.
Preferably, described rough turn cutting speed is 40m/min ~ 50m/min; The cutting speed of described finish turning is 60m/min ~ 70m/min.
Preferably, the corner radius of described rough turn processing lathe tool is 0.4mm ~ 0.5mm, and the corner radius of described finish turning processing lathe tool is 0.2mm ~ 0.3mm.
The invention provides a kind of method for turning, comprising: adopt lathe tool to carry out turning to the outer surface of niobium target or niobium alloy target, the anterior angle of described lathe tool is 20 ° ~ 40 °, relief angle is 4 ° ~ 15 °, tool cutting edge angle is 45 ° ~ 60 °, and auxiliary angle is 45 ° ~ 90 °, and cutting edge inclination is 10 ° ~ 25 °.In niobium target or niobium alloy target working angles, by the restriction to lathe tool anterior angle, increase the sharpness of cutter, the lathe tool extruding force to workpiece and shearing force in working angles are reduced, borings is successfully discharged from cutter scrap slot, resistance to cutting and heat in metal cutting all can reduce simultaneously, have reduced the thermal deformation of workpiece in process; The restriction of auxiliary angle makes the frictional force between cutter and workpiece reduce, and has reduced the wearing and tearing of cutter; The restriction of cutting edge inclination can control smear metal discharged to, make smear metal smoothly from workpiece machined surface discharge, avoided the scuffing of chip breaking to machined surface simultaneously.Therefore, the present invention, by the selection of anterior angle, relief angle, tool cutting edge angle, auxiliary angle and cutting edge inclination to lathe tool, makes smear metal discharge from machined surface, has avoided the situation of the sticky cutter of smear metal, has reduced the difficulty of machining.
Detailed description of the invention
In order further to understand the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment, the preferred embodiment of the invention is described, but should be appreciated that these are described is for further illustrating the features and advantages of the present invention, instead of limiting to the claimed invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of method for turning, comprising:
Adopt lathe tool to carry out turning to the outer surface of niobium target or niobium alloy target, the anterior angle of described lathe tool is 20 ° ~ 40 °, and relief angle is 4 ° ~ 15 °, and tool cutting edge angle is 45 ° ~ 60 °, and auxiliary angle is 45 ° ~ 90 °, and cutting edge inclination is 10 ° ~ 25 °.
Due to niobium metal and niobium alloy viscosity larger, in working angles, the sticky cutter of smear metal is very serious, therefore carry out in the process of machining at the outer surface of niobium target and niobium alloy target, especially the outer surface processing to niobium target and tantalum niobium target, need to select turning cutting tool, and then ensure that it has good turning ability and higher working (machining) efficiency.
The anterior angle of lathe tool directly affects cutting edge sharpness and intensity, affects cutting deformation and cutting force, and anterior angle increases can make the cutting edge of lathe tool sharp, reduces cutting deformation, saves cutting force, and makes to cut smooth discharge; Frictional force between smear metal and rake face also reduces thereupon, is not easy to produce built-up edge.The anterior angle (γ) of described lathe tool is 20 ° ~ 40 °, is preferably 25 ° ~ 35 °.Relief angle (α) is mainly the friction reducing between rear knife face and processing table, but relief angle can not be too large, and too conference makes cutting edge and cutting tip remitted its fury, and cutter area of dissipation also reduces; Described relief angle (α) is 4 ° ~ 15 °, is preferably 8 ° ~ 12 °.Tool cutting edge angle too large or too little all can make cutter life reduce, described tool cutting edge angle
be 45 ° ~ 60 °, be preferably 50 ° ~ 55 °.In order to ensure that smear metal, discharged to workpiece work surface, prevents from scratching machined surface; Described cutting edge inclination (λ) is 10 ° ~ 25 °, is preferably 15 ° ~ 20 °.Auxiliary angle is 45 ° ~ 90 °, is preferably 60 ° ~ 80 °.As preferred version, lathe tool of the present invention also has one section of wiper edges between the tool arc of minor flank and auxiliary angle, and it is the straight line parallel with machining direction, described wiper edges length be preferably for (1.2 ~ 1.5) f(f be the amount of feeding).
According to the present invention, at niobium target or niobium alloy target in working angles, rough turn processing and finish turning processing are carried out in turning processing successively, the corner radius (R) of rough turn processing is preferably 0.4mm ~ 0.5mm, finish turning by corner radius (R) be preferably 0.2mm ~ 0.3mm, described corner radius can not be too large, and increase can make workpiece deformation or cause vibrations.The present invention preferably carries out chamfered edge along main cutting edge, and it is the amount of feeding that chamfered edge width (B) is preferably (0.5 ~ 0.8) f(f).Chip area preferably adopts run-in index or circular arc, and smear metal can be discharged smoothly.
In niobium target or niobium alloy target working angles, selected lathe tool is preferably W-Co kind hard alloy cutter, i.e. yg-type carbide cutter.Yg-type carbide cutter is can keep good cutting ability, bending strength and toughness under 800 DEG C ~ 1000 DEG C high temperature.This carbide alloy is made up of tungsten carbide (WC) and cobalt (Co), and W-Co kind hard alloy cutter is divided into: the multiple trades mark such as YG3, YG6, YG8, and the numeral after the trade mark is containing the percentage of cobalt amount, and all the other are tungsten carbides.After the general trade mark, numeral is larger, and its toughness is better, is applicable to the roughing of product.According to the present invention, preferred YG8 hard alloy cutter in niobium metal and the rough turn process of niobium alloy, the preferred YG6 hard alloy cutter of fine finishining.
The lubricant medium adopting in turning process is also very important for the surface roughness of cutting difficulty and workpiece.According to the present invention, the lubricant medium adopting in working angles is preferably animal oil, it can reduce the friction between smear metal and rake face, reduce cutting temperature, improve cutter and resisting ability, and play and reduce tool wear, avoid the generation of work hardening phenomenon, the durability of cutter and the surface roughness of workpiece that further improve.Lubricant medium cutting oil must self-cutting just start cast fully continuously, otherwise workpiece can crack because of quenching.
According to the present invention, in order effectively to reduce the difficulty of niobium target or niobium alloy target machining, the present invention preferably limits the cutting depth in turning process and cutting speed.Niobium target or niobium alloy target are carried out, in working angles, first workpiece being carried out to rough turn processing, and then workpiece is carried out to finish turning processing.As preferred version, the amount of feeding of rough turn processing (f) is that 0.25 ~ 0.3mm/ turns, and the amount of feeding (f) of finish turning processing is that 0.15 ~ 0.2mm/ turns; The cutting depth (t) of rough turn processing is 2 ~ 5mm, and the cutting depth (t) of finish turning processing is 0.8 ~ 1.2mm; The cutting speed (ν) of rough turn processing is 40m/min ~ 50m/min, and the cutting speed (ν) of finish turning processing is 60m/min ~ 70m/min.
The present invention is in niobium target or niobium alloy target working angles, by the restriction to lathe tool anterior angle, increase the sharpness of cutter, the lathe tool extruding force to workpiece and shearing force in working angles are reduced, borings is successfully discharged from cutter scrap slot, resistance to cutting and heat in metal cutting all can reduce simultaneously, have reduced the thermal deformation of workpiece in process; The restriction of auxiliary angle makes the frictional force between cutter and workpiece reduce, the wearing and tearing of cutter are reduced, the restriction of cutting edge inclination can control smear metal discharged to, smear metal is got rid of from the machined surface of workpiece smoothly, avoided the scuffing of chip breaking to machined surface, therefore, the present invention is by the selection of anterior angle, relief angle, tool cutting edge angle, auxiliary angle and cutting edge inclination to lathe tool simultaneously, smear metal is discharged from machined surface, reduced the difficulty of machining.Secondly, the present invention, by the restriction to technological parameter in turning process and the selection of lubricant medium, reduces workpiece surface roughness, and has reduced smear metal difficulty.
The present invention also provides a kind of lathe tool, and the anterior angle of described lathe tool is 20 ° ~ 40 °, and relief angle is 4 ° ~ 15 °, and tool cutting edge angle is 45 ° ~ 60 °, and auxiliary angle is 45 ° ~ 90 °, and cutting edge inclination is 10 ° ~ 25 °.Processing by lathe tool provided by the invention for niobium target and niobium alloy target outer surface, described lathe tool is preferably W-Co kind hard alloy cutter.Niobium alloy target in the present invention includes but not limited to tantalum niobium target, niobium zirconium target and niobium titanium target.
In order further to understand the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment, the method for turning of lathe tool provided by the invention and niobium target and niobium alloy target is further described, protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
Embodiment mono-
Step 1, by diameter of phi
outwardfor 160mm, length is that the niobium tubular target that 1500mm endoporus processes is installed on horizontal lathe, carries out then size of centering taking endoporus as benchmark, carries out successively roughing and fine finishining, selects cutter material YG6 in turning process; The anterior angle (γ) of lathe tool is 30 ° ~ 40 °, and relief angle (α) is 8 ° ~ 14 °; Tool cutting edge angle
locate the best at 60 °, auxiliary angle is at 45 ° ~ 60 °; Cutting edge inclination (λ) is 10 ° ~ 15 °, and corner radius (R) is 0.4mm; In the time carrying out roughing, the amount of feeding is that 0.25mm/ turns, and cutting depth is 2mm, and cutting speed is 40m/min; In the time carrying out fine finishining, the amount of feeding is that 0.15mm/ turns, and cutting depth is 0.8mm, and cutting speed is 60m/min.The Φ of the niobium tubular target after last turning
outwardbe 155 ± 0.1mm, Φ
inbe 125 ± 0.15mm, length is 1413 ± 1mm.Surface roughness Ra≤2.0 μ m;
Step 2, by using sand paper, abrasive cloth, abrasive pastes to carry out polishing precision processing to outer surface in turn 300/min of the niobium target process after above-mentioned processing, make its surface go out to release souls from purgatory to reach Ra≤1.6 μ m.
Embodiment bis-
Step 1, by diameter of phi
outwardfor 160mm, length is that the rotary plating niobium target that 1900mm endoporus processes is installed on horizontal lathe, carries out then size of centering taking endoporus as benchmark, carries out successively roughing and fine finishining, selects cutter material YG8 in turning process; The anterior angle γ of cutter is 25 ° ~ 35 °, and relief angle α is 8 ° ~ 15 °; Tool cutting edge angle
locate the best at 60 °, auxiliary angle is at 45 ° ~ 60 °; Cutting edge inclination λ is 15 ° ~ 20 °, and corner radius R is 0.4mm; In the time carrying out roughing, the amount of feeding is that 0.3mm/ turns, and cutting depth is 5mm, and cutting speed is 40m/min; In the time carrying out fine finishining, the amount of feeding is that 0.2mm/ turns, and cutting depth is 1.2mm, and cutting speed is 60m/min.The Φ of the niobium tubular target after last turning
outwardbe 155 ± 0.1mm, Φ
inbe 125 ± 0.15mm, length is 1815 ± 1mm, surface roughness Ra≤1.8 μ m;
Step 2, by using sand paper, abrasive cloth, abrasive pastes to carry out polishing precision processing to outer surface in turn 400/min of the niobium target process after above-mentioned processing, make its surface go out to release souls from purgatory to reach Ra≤1.6 μ m.
Embodiment tri-
Step 1, by diameter of phi
outwardfor 160mm, length is that the rotary plating niobium target that 2560mm endoporus processes is installed on horizontal lathe, carries out then size of centering taking endoporus as benchmark, carries out successively roughing and fine finishining, selects cutter material YG3 in turning process; The anterior angle γ of cutter is 20 ° ~ 30 °, and relief angle α is 8 ° ~ 12 °; Tool cutting edge angle
locate the best at 45 °, auxiliary angle is at 60 ° ~ 90 °; Cutting edge inclination λ is 18 ° ~ 25 °, and corner radius is that rough turn R is 0.4mm; In the time carrying out roughing, the amount of feeding is that 0.25 ~ 0.3mm/ turns, and cutting depth is 2 ~ 5mm, and cutting speed is 40m/min; In the time carrying out fine finishining, the amount of feeding is that 0.15 ~ 0.2mm/ turns, and cutting depth is 0.8 ~ 1.2mm, and the cutting speed of finish turning is 60m/min.The Φ of the niobium tubular target after last turning
outwardbe 155 ± 0.1mm, Φ
inbe 125 ± 0.15mm, length is 1815 ± 1mm, surface roughness Ra≤2.0 μ m;
Step 2, by using sand paper, abrasive cloth, abrasive pastes to carry out polishing precision processing to outer surface in turn 300 ~ 400/min of the niobium target process after above-mentioned processing, make its surface go out to release souls from purgatory to reach Ra≤1.6 μ m.
The explanation of above embodiment is just for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also carry out some improvement and modification to the present invention, these improvement and modification also fall in the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
To the above-mentioned explanation of the disclosed embodiments, make professional and technical personnel in the field can realize or use the present invention.To be apparent for those skilled in the art to the multiple amendment of these embodiment, General Principle as defined herein can, in the situation that not departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention, realize in other embodiments.Therefore, the present invention will can not be restricted to these embodiment shown in this article, but will meet the widest scope consistent with principle disclosed herein and features of novelty.
Claims (10)
1. a lathe tool, is characterized in that, the anterior angle of described lathe tool is 20 ° ~ 40 °, and relief angle is 4 ° ~ 15 °, and tool cutting edge angle is 45 ° ~ 60 °, and auxiliary angle is 45 ° ~ 90 °, and cutting edge inclination is 10 ° ~ 25 °.
2. lathe tool according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described lathe tool is W-Co kind hard alloy cutter.
3. a method for turning, comprising:
Adopt lathe tool to carry out turning to the outer surface of niobium target or niobium alloy target, the anterior angle of described lathe tool is 20 ° ~ 40 °, and relief angle is 4 ° ~ 15 °, and tool cutting edge angle is 45 ° ~ 60 °, and auxiliary angle is 45 ° ~ 90 °, and cutting edge inclination is 10 ° ~ 25 °.
4. method for turning according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described lathe tool is W-Co kind hard alloy cutter.
5. method for turning according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the lubricant medium of described turning is animal oil.
6. method for turning according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described turning is followed successively by rough turn processing and finish turning processing.
7. method for turning according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the amount of feeding of described rough turn processing is that turn ~ 0.3mm/ of 0.25mm/ turns; The amount of feeding of described finish turning processing is that turn ~ 0.2mm/ of 0.15mm/ turns.
8. method for turning according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the cutting depth of described rough turn processing is 2mm ~ 5mm; The cutting depth of described finish turning processing is 0.8mm ~ 1.2mm.
9. method for turning according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described rough turn cutting speed is 40m/min ~ 50m/min; The cutting speed of described finish turning is 60m/min ~ 70m/min.
10. method for turning according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the corner radius of described rough turn processing lathe tool is 0.4mm ~ 0.5mm, and the corner radius of described finish turning processing lathe tool is 0.2mm ~ 0.3mm.
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| CN201210551254.3A CN103862073A (en) | 2012-12-18 | 2012-12-18 | Turning method and turning tool |
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| CN201210551254.3A CN103862073A (en) | 2012-12-18 | 2012-12-18 | Turning method and turning tool |
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| CN104972406A (en) * | 2014-04-14 | 2015-10-14 | 上海誉和钻石工具有限公司 | Single crystal diamond cutter for cutting and polishing optical organic glass |
| CN104999095A (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2015-10-28 | 扬中市第一蝶阀厂有限公司 | Turning technology for stainless steel valve rod |
| CN106077725A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2016-11-09 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | A kind of turnery processing flat-bottom hole cutter |
| CN106270555A (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2017-01-04 | 宁波江丰电子材料股份有限公司 | The processing method of screw thread, the manufacture method of target material assembly and target material assembly |
| CN106541154A (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2017-03-29 | 宁波江丰电子材料股份有限公司 | A kind of method of processing tungsten target material |
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| CN108971520A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2018-12-11 | 安徽新芜精密装备制造产业技术研究院有限公司 | A kind of turning process of the effective 40CrNiMo alloy of microwave plasma torch |
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| CN104972406A (en) * | 2014-04-14 | 2015-10-14 | 上海誉和钻石工具有限公司 | Single crystal diamond cutter for cutting and polishing optical organic glass |
| CN106270555A (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2017-01-04 | 宁波江丰电子材料股份有限公司 | The processing method of screw thread, the manufacture method of target material assembly and target material assembly |
| CN104999095A (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2015-10-28 | 扬中市第一蝶阀厂有限公司 | Turning technology for stainless steel valve rod |
| CN106541154A (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2017-03-29 | 宁波江丰电子材料股份有限公司 | A kind of method of processing tungsten target material |
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