CN103857903B - 弹性体摇摆铰链 - Google Patents
弹性体摇摆铰链 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
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Classifications
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- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C17/10—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for both radial and axial load
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F16F1/387—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers with a sleeve of elastic material between a rigid outer sleeve and a rigid inner sleeve or pin, i.e. bushing-type comprising means for modifying the rigidity in particular directions
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
本发明大致涉及双叶涡轮机短舱和相关摇摆铰链。在特定实施方案中,本发明提供一种铰链总成,其涵盖一个轮毂和两个双弹性体摇摆轴承。在一些方面中,所述轴承是独立元件,其可在其并入较大总成之前以受控方式预加载。
Description
相关申请案的参考
本申请要求2011年5月10日申请的美国临时申请案第61/484,343号的优先权,其完整内容以引用的方式并入本文中。
发明领域
本发明大致涉及海上风力涡轮机和相关摇摆铰链。
发明背景
风力发电指的是将风能转化为更有用形式的能量,诸如电。风能是化石燃料的有利替代,因为风能丰富、可再生、广泛分布、清洁且不产生温室气体排放。风能目前大约占全球电力使用的1.5%且全球大约有80个国家将风能发电商业化(World Wind EnergyReport2008:Report,World Wind Energy Association,2009年2月;和WorldwatchInstitute:Wind Power Increase in 2008 Exceeds 10-year Average Growth Rate,2009年5月)。此外,全球风力发电容量在2000年至2006年间增加超过四倍,大致每三年翻一番。
海上风力涡轮机利用远洋水域特有的强劲风能来提供电力。虽然是能量生产所必要的,但是这些相同强劲的风导致不对称负载,其作用在涡轮机的转子叶片上,即所谓的弯矩。这些高负载随后被转移至涡轮机轴且最终被转移至涡轮机的齿轮箱,其导致齿轮箱破裂和涡轮机的不可用。减轻与弯矩相关的高结构负载的努力包括以有限枢转能力(所谓的摇摆铰链)将转子叶片附接至挠性结构。
常规摇摆铰链基于使用衬套或滚珠轴承的机械装置。由于这些装置的刚性性质,常规摇摆铰链缺乏足够能力以吸收强烈的动态负载。此外,持续暴露于高负载,加上铰链有限的角度调整能力导致金属轴承因凹陷而劣化。此外,将转动叶片轴复原回到垂直于轴线的点的需要要求基于轴承本身外的金属或弹性体弹簧的复杂复原装置。
其它常规摇摆铰链基于单个金属弹性体轴承。在这些装置中,无法控制或调整预负载。而是,通过将负载永久地转移至轮毂和轴而获得预负载,其在***寿命内导致不必要且可能危险的应力。与基于机械装置的常规摇摆铰链相同,这些铰链还提供次优的可靠性。
因此,需要适用于双叶片风力涡轮机的摇摆铰链,其具有改进的可靠性、更好的耐用性和提高的应对高结构负载的能力。
发明概要
本发明大致涉及涵盖两个双弹性体摇摆轴承的摇摆铰链总成。已发现涵盖两个双弹性体摇摆轴承的摇摆铰链总成与基于衬套或滚珠轴承的现有摇摆铰链相比,提供改进的可靠性和提高的应对负载峰值的能力。与基于金属轴承的现有摇摆铰链不同,在所涵盖的摇摆铰链中使用弹性体元件赋予吸收由强风产生的强烈动态负载及应对将导致典型铰链总成劣化的小摇摆角度的能力。
本发明涵盖采用双弹性体摇摆轴承,其包括由金属垫片分隔的可预负载弹性体元件,其提供优于常规总成的特定好处。弹性体层不承受与常规机械铰链相关的相同类型的磨损且此外提供提高的负载峰值的阻尼,其减小置于转子和轴上的应力。在本发明的特定方面中,包括安全元件(诸如径向滑动轴承)限制转移至弹性体层的应力且在弹性体层破裂的情况下充当备用措施。
本发明所涵盖的双摇摆轴承被设计来在其并入轮毂前透过预负载预受应力,且进一步被设计使得预负载可在总成的寿命内调整。此外,设想的摇摆轴承由多个金属弹性体元件组成。每个金属弹性体元件可个别地预负载且此外可个别地从轴承上移除而不影响其它元件。除弹性体元件外,设想的总成的许多其它组件可个别地移除而不影响其它组件。本发明所涵盖的这些可个别移除组件便于摇摆轴承的维护和修理。本发明还涵盖甚至在并入涡轮机轮毂时,仍作为独立单元的摇摆轴承。由于本发明所涵盖的摇摆轴承可充当独立单元,所以弹性体元件的预负载被限制至摇摆***并且不转移至任意相关轮毂中。
在本发明的特定实施方案中,提供一种总成。所述总成包括轮毂和定位在轮毂中的开口上的至少两个双弹性体摇摆轴承。在特定方面中,摇摆轴承是可预负载摇摆轴承。可预负载摇摆轴承可在与轮毂一体化前预负载。摇摆轴承还可包括与轮毂分开的独立单元。在本发明的其它实施方案中,独立摇摆轴承被可操作地构造成不将预负载转移至轮毂。在一些实施方案中,摇摆轴承安装在放置在轮毂内的T形涡轮机轴头的相对末端上。在特定实施方案中,摇摆轴承在其组件中尤其具有多个金属弹性体元件。每个金属弹性体元件可独立地预负载且此外每个金属弹性体元件可个别地从摇摆轴承上移除。本发明的其它实施方案包括滑动轴承,其耦接至弹性体摇摆轴承,所述弹性体摇摆轴承被可操作地构造来接收超过弹性体元件可承受的额定力的力或在弹性体元件破裂的情况下限制转子轮毂的位移。除这些实施方案外,在阅读本公开时将了解本发明的附加方面。
附图简述
图1A、图1B、图1C、图1D和图1E从不同角度描绘本发明的实施方案。
图2A、图2B、图2C、图2D和图2E从不同角度描绘本发明的另一个实施方案。
图3A、图3B、图3C、图3D和图3E从不同角度描绘本发明的又一个实施方案。
具体实施方式
本发明提供一种铰链总成,其涵盖一个轮毂和两个双弹性体摇摆轴承。与并入金属轴承或衬套的常规总成相比,使用弹性体元件得到具有改进的抗劣化和提高的阻尼负载峰值及减小涡轮机转子和轴上的应力的能力的总成。
在本发明的特定实施方案中,摇摆轴承定位在轮毂中的开口上。摇摆轴承的开口可在轮毂中的任意位置,但在一些实施方案中,存在轴承的两个开口,各定位为在轮毂上彼此正对。在特定实施方案中,摇摆轴承被可操作地构造来安装在T形涡轮机轴头的相对末端上,即轴头的角上。轴头的角可对应于轮毂上的开口,使得所安装的摇摆轴承定位在开口上。
每个双弹性体摇摆轴承包括两个弹性体层,因此,双弹性体摇摆轴承。弹性体层本身由多个弹性体元件组成。因此,含有这些层的每个弹性体摇摆件包括多个弹性体元件。由于弹性体元件,本发明所涵盖的摇摆轴承可预负载,其中特定数量的压缩力可被引入弹性体元件中。本发明所设想的弹性体元件允许受控预负载。如下文实施方案中详细描述,每个弹性体元件的预负载可独立于彼此被调整。此外,如下文详细说明,摇摆轴承中的每个弹性体元件可独立于其它弹性体元件被移除。此外,摇摆总成的其它组件可独立于总成中的其它组件被移除。例如,每个弹性体元件可在元件的一端上与轴承的分段内部分耦接且在元件的另一端上与分段外部分耦接。每个分段区段(内部分、外部分和其间的弹性体元件)可与个别楔形物相关,其结合紧固装置(例如,螺钉)允许个别地调整预负载。弹性零件的预应力可透过使用配置在其间的楔形物的***和摇摆轴承的外壳藉由在主要径向方向(其在主要外部负载的方向上)上压缩其而获得。组件的独立还便于其从轴承上移除及安装至轴承中。因此,本发明的特定实施方案所涵盖的组件更能触及以进行铰链总成的维护和修理。
在一些实施方案中,摇摆轴承还包括滑动轴承,其被可操作地构造来接收来自弹性体元件的力。滑动轴承可耦接至弹性体摇摆件并且保护弹性体零件不受过度应力影响,提高摇摆轴承的总体可靠性。如下文实施方案中进一步描述,摇摆轴承可配备实现弹性体元件的可能磨损的预先检测的监控传感器以及允许目测检查弹性体零件的边界的光学传感器。此外,摇摆轴承可配备传感器,其能够在操作铰链时当弹性体元件经历振荡循环时监控其表现。在其它实施方案中,摇摆轴承可配备盖,其保护轴承不受日照和盐分空气(其可能潜在地腐蚀轴承内的组件)影响。
根据本发明的一个总成展示在图1A、图1B、图1C、图1D和图1E中。图1A示出双叶片转子和相关轮毂的配置。轮毂101实质上是壳,其中两个叶片(未示出)安装在附接点102上。轮毂101含有针对轴头103的开口和位于相对侧上针对安装在盖105下方的摇摆轴承104(图1A中未示出)的两个开口。图1B是轮毂总成的横截面图,并且示出轮毂101的内部,连同轴头103和位于轴头103的相对角上的两个摇摆轴承104。
图1C展示摇摆轴承104的放大图。摇摆轴承104由外壳107、内壳108、中心套管109和彼此堆叠的两对金属弹性体元件110和111(每个元件包括交替的金属垫片112和弹性体层113)组成。键114已被安装来防止零件的相互旋转,但是根据本发明可使用其它防旋转装置。摇摆轴承104通过螺钉115固定至轮毂101,但是可使用其它紧固装置。保护摇摆轴承不受过度应力影响且在弹性体层破裂的情况下提供协助的滑动轴承116通过保持元件117固定至轴头103的角的末端上。在特定实施方案中,可根据需要安装多个滑动轴承。赋予滑动轴承自由度以轴向移动及以有限径向间隙移动的环118可被安装来接收位置传感器或角度传感器,诸如所示的差动变压器119。传感器的数量和其位置可根据需要调整。盖105保护摇摆轴承104不受海上环境典型的日照和盐分空气的有害影响。
图1D描绘摇摆轴承104,其从轮毂101上移除且无盖105。如所示,摇摆轴承104包括外壳107、内壳108、中心套管109和堆叠至彼此的两对金属弹性体元件110和111。金属弹性体元件110和111的锥形形状匹配中心套管109、外壳107和内壳108的锥形形状。因此,摇摆轴承104的预负载可藉由通过拧紧相关的固定螺钉115而抵着外壳107轴向强压内壳108而获得。本发明所涵盖的组件的配置允许在摇摆轴承104安装至轮毂101中之前预组装摇摆轴承104,其初始预负载在制造厂调整。
图1E详细示出金属弹性体元件110和111。如所示,金属弹性体元件110和111都是锥形的。这些元件的数量可根据需要改变。此外,如果需要,金属弹性体元件可仅由一个角度元件组成或由更多区段组成。键114已被安装来防止零件的相互旋转,但是可使用其它防旋转装置。弹性体元件110和111各由交替的金属垫片112和弹性体接合层113组成。垫片112和弹性体层113的数量和厚度可根据需要调整。
本发明的另一个实施方案示于图2A、图2B、图2C、图2D和图2E中。图2A示出双叶片转子和相关轮毂的配置。轮毂201实质上是壳,其中两个叶片(未示出)安装在附接点202上。轮毂201含有针对轴头203的开口和位于相对侧上针对安装在盖205下方的摇摆轴承204(本图中未示出)的两个开口。
图2B是轮毂总成的横截面图,并且示出轮毂201的内部,连同轴头203和位于轴头203的相对角上的两个摇摆轴承204。图2B还示出摇摆轴承204和轴头203的角与轮毂201之间的组件的配置。此外,以外壳211、分段内壳206、分段中心套管207和彼此堆叠的两对金属弹性体元件208的详图展示摇摆轴承204的横截面。为了避免零件的相互旋转,元件208具有正方形或准正方形末端,其配合邻接零件中加工出来的相应凹口。还可使用键、销和具有类似功能的其它装置防止不需要的相互旋转。摇摆轴承204通过螺钉209固定至轮毂201和轴头203,但是可使用其它紧固装置。滑动轴承210(其保护摇摆轴承不受应力峰值影响且在弹性体层破裂的情况下提供协助)被安装并且固定至外壳211的内端。滑动轴承210的形状和位置可根据需要修改。此外,本发明涵盖多个滑动轴承,其可根据需要安装在金属弹性体元件208内部或安装为平行于金属弹性体元件208。在特定实施方案中,位置传感器可被安装来在操作中监控摇摆轴承204的位移。盖205保护摇摆轴承204不受海上环境中的日照和盐分空气的有害影响。
图2C展示摇摆轴承204的放大图。摇摆轴承204包括外壳211、分段外套管206、分段中心套管207和配置为彼此堆叠的两个圆形阵列的两个分段金属弹性体元件208。在特定实施方案中,通过沿着轴头203的角的轴线的径向平面切割铰链而获得外套管206、中心套管207和金属弹性体元件208的段。不同套管中的段数可根据需要修改。在特定实施方案中,套管未被分段。中心套管207的每个元件可为双楔形并且通过螺钉209接合至轴头203的角。外套管206的每个组件可为简单楔形并且通过螺钉209接合至外壳211。此外,金属弹性体元件208的每个双元件被限制在外壳211、中心套管207的组件和外套管206的组件之间的空间内。
如图2D中所示,金属弹性体元件208各由被弹性体接合层213介入的金属垫片212组成。层的数量和厚度可根据需要调整。每个金属弹性体元件208的末端上的金属垫片212配合在邻接部分中加工出来的相应凹口,且如图2E中所示可具有正方形或准正方形形状。方端配合至凹口部分中帮助防止金属弹性体元件208的不需要的旋转。其它构件可用于防止旋转,包括但不限于键或销。如图2E中所示,末端垫片212的几何形状允许金属弹性体元件208安装至两个可能位置中,x轴或y轴平行于轴头203的角的轴线。金属弹性体元件208的锥形形状匹配中心套管207、外壳211和外套管206的锥形形状。相应地,摇摆轴承的每个金属弹性体元件208通过针对金属弹性体元件208的内阵列拧紧其固定螺钉209而强压中心套管元件207及通过针对金属弹性体元件208的外阵列拧紧其螺钉209而将外套管元件206压入外壳211中而单独地预负载。所得预负载将具有轴向分量以及径向分量。取决于特定应用,金属弹性体元件208的锥形形状可被设计来满足着这两个组件的所要比率。图2E描绘金属弹性体元件208的锥形形状,其在一些实施方案中被安装成具有抵着中心套管207的较大直径用于剪应力的优化分布。
本发明的另一个实施方案提供在图3A、图3B、图3C、图3D和图3E中。图3A示出双叶片转子和相关轮毂的配置。轮毂301实质上是壳,其中两个叶片(未示出)安装在附接点302上。轮毂301含有针对轴头303的开口和位于相对侧上针对安装在盖305下方的摇摆轴承304(本图中未示出)的两个开口。
图3B是轮毂总成的横截面图,并且示出轮毂301的内部,连同轴头303和位于轴头303的相对角上的两个摇摆轴承304。图3B示出摇摆轴承304和轴头303的角与轮毂301之间的组件的配置。如图3B中所示,摇摆轴承304包括外壳306、金属弹性体元件307的双冠部和金属弹性体元件307与外壳306之间的楔形物308和309的冠部。在将轴头303定位至轮毂301并且安装壳306后,金属弹性体元件307的内冠部被安装在轴头303的角与壳306之间且通过***楔形物309而被固定至其最终位置中。金属弹性体元件307的外冠部被安装在轴头303的角与楔形物309的上端之间且通过楔形物308的***而固定。金属弹性体元件307的两个冠部通过沿着轴头303的角的锁定件311轴向限制。由于金属弹性体元件307的锥形形状,预负载可通过拧紧楔形物固定螺钉310而强压其与内冠部的外壳306之间的楔形物及强压其与外冠部的楔形物309的上部分之间的楔形物308而获得。间隙可留在楔形物固定唇部与其止挡面之间,将由适当垫片填充。这将允许随后个别调整预负载以补偿弹性化合物的松弛。
如图3B中进一步所示,摇摆轴承304的外壳306透过螺钉318的冠部接合在轮毂301上。在一些实施方案中,垫片可相对于一系列公差而用在壳306的凸缘下方。轴头303的每个角上存在两个滑动轴承316和317。滑动轴承316和317保护摇摆轴承304不受应力峰值影响且在弹性体层破裂的情况下提供帮助。滑动轴承316和317还允许轴头303的角与外壳306之间的自由轴向位移。滑动轴承316被安装在锁定件311上并且通过保持元件318固定。滑动轴承317由拧至外壳306的区段组成。滑动轴承的形状、数量和位置可根据需要改变。此外,多个滑动轴承可根据需要安装在每个金属垫片18内部或安装在每个金属垫片18上。此外,在特定实施方案中,传感器可被安装来监控径向和角度位移。此外,防旋转装置(诸如键319)可用于防止零件的相互旋转。出于相同原因,金属弹性体元件307通过楔形物308及309和外壳306侧向引导。盖305保护摇摆轴承304不受海上环境中的日照和盐分空气的有害影响。
图3C提供摇摆轴承304的放大图,其从轮毂301上移除且无盖305。图3D更详细示出金属弹性体元件307。金属弹性体元件307具有锥形形状且由配合轴头303的角的楔形金属件312、配合在楔形物308和309的凹口内的外板313和被弹性体接合层315介入的金属垫片314组成。层的数量和厚度可根据需要修改。在本发明的一些实施方案中,金属弹性体元件307对于两个冠部相同,而在其它实施方案中,元件307是不同的。此外,金属弹性体元件的数量和形状可根据需要修改。图3E提供图3D中所示的金属弹性体元件307的俯视图。
上文描绘的实施方案描述一种铰链总成,其中双叶片涡轮机转子的轮毂与轴头之间的连结透过允许叶片的逐片旋转而不导致偏航和侧向力矩的摇摆铰链实现。铰链总成包括两个预负载的双摇摆轴承。每个双摇摆轴承可由限制在外部金属零件与中心T形轴头的直径相对末端(即,角)之间的金属弹性体元件的两个冠部组成。总成的抗扭劲度由并列运行且在径向和轴向方向上实质刚性固定的摇摆件提供。金属弹性体层的数量可相应修改以限制由摇摆周期导致的剪应变并且还获得足够的压缩模量。本发明所涵盖的径向滑动轴承限制径向位移和弹性体元件的后续可能损坏。滑动轴承还用于在弹性体元件破裂的情况下应对径向负载。如上文实施方案中所展示,本发明所涵盖的总成还可包括能够检测弹性体零件的径向、轴向和扭转变形的传感器以及用于保护下方总成不受海上环境典型的日照和盐分空气的不利影响的摇摆盖。
在铰链总成中使用两个双弹性体轴承能够显著减小最终导致齿轮箱破裂的驱动系弯矩。不同实施方案中描绘的其它元件还提高设想的铰链总成的可靠性和耐用性以及其处置高峰值负载的能力。
参考并入
在本公开中参考及引用其它文件,诸如专利、专利申请、专利公开案、期刊、书籍、论文、网页内容。为所有目的,所有这些文件全文以引用的方式并入本文中。
等效物
本发明可实现为其它特定形式而不脱离其精神或实质特性。上述实施方案因此在各个方面被视为说明性而非限制本文所述的发明。本发明的范畴因此由随附权利要求而非上述描述指示,且在权利要求的等效意义和范围内的所有变化因此旨在涵盖于其中。
Claims (27)
1.一种摇摆铰链总成,所述总成包括:
轮毂,其包括壳;以及
T形涡轮机轴头,包括两个角和两个双弹性体摇摆轴承,其中每个所述摇摆轴承定位在所述壳与所述T形涡轮机轴头的所述角中的一个之间,并且其中每个摇摆轴承包括至少两对金属-弹性体元件,
其中所述至少两对金属-弹性体元件堆叠至彼此或彼此堆叠,使得所述至少两对中的每个金属-弹性体元件相对于相同至少两对中的另一金属-弹性体元件是独立地可预负载的,并且
其中每个金属-弹性体元件包括交替的金属垫片和弹性体接合层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的摇摆铰链总成,其中所述摇摆轴承是独立的。
3.根据权利要求1所述的摇摆铰链总成,其中每个所述摇摆轴承的所述多个金属弹性体元件在轮毂中并排座落在所述壳与所述轴头的所述角之间。
4.根据权利要求1所述的摇摆铰链总成,其中所述预负载通过使用楔形物和螺钉在主要径向方向上压缩所述金属-弹性体元件而获得。
5.根据权利要求3所述的摇摆铰链总成,其中每个金属-弹性体元件的预负载是可调整的。
6.根据权利要求4所述的摇摆铰链总成,其中所述楔形物通过螺钉固定至所述壳和所述角,且每个金属弹性体元件可通过操纵所述螺钉而独立地预加载。
7.根据权利要求4所述的摇摆铰链总成,其中楔形物被设置在所述壳与所述金属-弹性体元件之间和在所述角与所述金属-弹性体元件之间。
8.根据权利要求7所述的摇摆铰链总成,其中所述金属-弹性体元件的锥形形状限定了预负载的径向分量与预负载的轴向分量之间的所要比率。
9.根据权利要求3所述的摇摆铰链总成,其中所述多个元件内的每个金属弹性体元件可独立地从所述轮毂移除并且由新的元件取代而不影响所述摇摆铰链的稳定性。
10.根据权利要求3所述的摇摆铰链总成,其中所述摇摆轴承还包括一个或多个滑动轴承,其被构造来限制所述金属-弹性体元件在所述壳与所述角之间相对于所述轴头的角的轴线沿径向方向的位移。
11.根据权利要求3所述的摇摆铰链总成,其中每个金属弹性体元件具有两个轴(x轴,y轴),彼此相差90度。
12.根据权利要求1所述的摇摆铰链总成,其中末端垫片的几何形状允许所述金属弹性体元件安装至两个位置中,在所述两个位置中x轴与y轴分别平行于轴头的角的轴线。
13.根据权利要求1所述的摇摆铰链总成,其中所述铰链总成允许附着在所述轮毂的叶片的逐片旋转而不会在所述叶片中导致偏航或侧向力矩。
14.根据权利要求13所述的摇摆铰链总成,其中所述轮毂仅为两个叶片配置。
15.一种摇摆铰链总成,所述总成包括:
轮毂,其包括壳;以及
T形涡轮机轴头,包括两个角和两个双弹性体摇摆轴承,其中每个所述摇摆轴承定位在所述壳与所述T形涡轮机轴头的所述角中的一个之间,并且其中每个摇摆轴承包括至少两对金属-弹性体元件,
其中每个摇摆轴承包括一个或多个滑动轴承,其被构造来限制所述金属-弹性体元件在所述壳与所述角之间相对于所述轴头的角的轴线沿径向方向的位移,
其中所述至少两对金属-弹性体元件堆叠至彼此或彼此堆叠,并且
其中每个金属-弹性体元件包括交替的金属垫片和弹性体接合层,并且每个所述摇摆轴承的所述多个金属弹性体元件在轮毂中并排座落在所述壳与所述轴头的所述角之间。
16.根据权利要求15所述的摇摆铰链总成,其中每个金属弹性体元件是个别地可预负载的。
17.根据权利要求16所述的摇摆铰链总成,其中所述摇摆轴承是独立的。
18.根据权利要求16所述的摇摆铰链总成,其中所述预负载通过使用楔形物和螺钉在主要径向方向上压缩所述金属-弹性体元件而获得。
19.根据权利要求15所述的摇摆铰链总成,其中每个金属-弹性体元件的预负载是可调整的。
20.根据权利要求18所述的摇摆铰链总成,其中所述楔形物通过螺钉固定至所述壳和所述角,且每个金属弹性体元件可通过操纵所述螺钉而独立地预加载。
21.根据权利要求18所述的摇摆铰链总成,其中楔形物被设置在所述壳与所述金属-弹性体元件之间和在所述角与所述金属-弹性体元件之间。
22.根据权利要求21所述的摇摆铰链总成,其中所述金属-弹性体元件的锥形形状限定了预负载的径向分量与预负载的轴向分量之间的所要比率。
23.根据权利要求15所述的摇摆铰链总成,其中所述多个元件内的每个金属弹性体元件可独立地从所述轮毂移除并且由新的元件取代而不影响所述摇摆铰链的稳定性。
24.根据权利要求15所述的摇摆铰链总成,其中每个金属弹性体元件具有两个轴(x轴,y轴),彼此相差90度。
25.根据权利要求15所述的摇摆铰链总成,其中末端垫片的几何形状允许所 述金属弹性体元件安装至两个位置中,在所述两个位置中x轴与y轴分别平行于轴头的角的轴线。
26.根据权利要求15所述的摇摆铰链总成,其中所述铰链总成允许附着在所述轮毂的叶片的逐片旋转而不会在所述叶片中导致偏航或侧向力矩。
27.根据权利要求26所述的摇摆铰链总成,其中所述轮毂仅为两个叶片配置。
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US201161484343P | 2011-05-10 | 2011-05-10 | |
US61/484,343 | 2011-05-10 | ||
PCT/IB2012/001183 WO2012153197A2 (en) | 2011-05-10 | 2012-05-10 | Elastomeric teetering hinge |
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EP (1) | EP2715121B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP6087907B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN103857903B (zh) |
DK (1) | DK2715121T3 (zh) |
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US9394937B2 (en) | 2016-07-19 |
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US20170167534A1 (en) | 2017-06-15 |
US20140226926A1 (en) | 2014-08-14 |
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