CN103856149B - A kind of integrated hybird environment energy collecting device - Google Patents
A kind of integrated hybird environment energy collecting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103856149B CN103856149B CN201410099575.3A CN201410099575A CN103856149B CN 103856149 B CN103856149 B CN 103856149B CN 201410099575 A CN201410099575 A CN 201410099575A CN 103856149 B CN103856149 B CN 103856149B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of integrated hybird environment energy collecting device, comprise planar square-spiral RECTIFYING ANTENNA, thin-film solar cells and permanent magnet thin slice.Planar square-spiral RECTIFYING ANTENNA comprises Microstrip Receiving Antenna and broadband rectification boosting circuit, thin-film solar cells is directly attached to the upper and lower surface of Microstrip Receiving Antenna, the pcb board of Microstrip Receiving Antenna is hollow, permanent magnet thin slice is positioned in the middle of described hollow position, and is connected with double-layer PCB board at four direction by nonmetal spring.The present invention can gather radio-frequency electromagnetic wave energy, solar energy and mechanical vibrational energy simultaneously, there is the features such as cost is low, volume is little, be easy to carry, suitable environment is wide, can be applicable to the energy supply of the low power dissipation electron such as radio sensing network, RFID equipment under multiple ambient conditions, to break away from the constraint of battery.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental energy and gather field, be specifically related to a kind of integrated hybird environment energy collecting device.
Background technology
Solar energy, radio-frequency electromagnetic wave energy and mechanical vibrational energy are three kinds of ubiquitous environmental energy resources.The exemplary power of the solar cell under solar light irradiation is mW rank.When sunlight direct projection, the energy that typical thin-film solar cells receives is 50-100mW/cm
2.When at the cloudy day or in indoor, the power received will drop to μ W rank.Thin-film solar cells is amorphous silicon hydride such as, is 10-20% to the typical conversion efficiency of luminous energy.Thin-film solar cells will reduce material and manufacturing cost while raising conversion efficiency, and this is the significant challenge in the research and development of current third generation solar cell.Except making great efforts research and development low cost and efficient solar cell, also to make great efforts the MPPT maximum power point tracking ability improving low-power DC/DC converter system, being used for optimizing the performance of solar energy collecting system.
Compared to solar energy, in environment, the level of the average power of radio frequency electromagnetic is significantly lower.Measurement result shows, and in environment, the maximum of the average power of radio frequency electromagnetic is 0.1-1 μ W/cm
2.Because a lot of low-power consumption sensor works in wireless environments, this just means that they can be powered by collecting radio-frequency electromagnetic wave energy, and this just needs to use antenna.These antenna not only can be used in radio communication aspect, can also be used to collect radio-frequency electromagnetic wave energy to power itself.In recent years, wireless radiofrequency delivery of energy is more and more subject to people's attention, and RECTIFYING ANTENNA is a wherein key technology.RECTIFYING ANTENNA is made up of parts such as reception antenna, filter circuit and rectification circuits, and it is by the electromagnetic wave in reception environment, the electromagnetic wave received is converted to direct current energy and exports.At present, in RECTIFYING ANTENNA, the form of reception antenna mainly contains single-stage sub antenna, dipole antenna and microstrip antenna 3 kinds of forms.Microstrip antenna because of its have that volume is little, lightweight, receiving area is large, polarization mode flexibly, conveniently organizes battle array, the advantage such as easy of integration and easy processing, be widely used in the design of reception antenna in RECTIFYING ANTENNA in recent years.
Mechanical vibrational energy is collected piezoelectric type and induction working method, and these two kinds of modes can obtain the Energy transmission of microwatt to milliwatt.The vibrational energy collector of electromagnetic induction principle development, various structures, technique are simple, can obtain larger electric current compared with piezoelectric type energy gatherer.The subject matter that electromagnetic induction type energy harvester exists is the restriction that power density is subject to magnet size, coil turn and technique, and output voltage is lower, needs special voltage conversion circuit.Although there is these inherent shortcomings in electromagnetic induction type energy harvester, but along with the progress of process conditions and emerging in large numbers of new electromagnetic energy mapped structure, in recent years, international and domesticly in vibration energy harvesting, carry out research work widely, the energy harvester research of the type obtains larger progress, and has occurred ripe commercially produced product.
The antenna of common RFID is mostly in plane annular or planar spiral, and center of antenna region is empty, is not utilized.Therefore consider that a permanent magnet thin slice fixed by the nonmetal spring of the heart in antennas, when antenna shakes time, permanent magnet thin slice moves up and down, all around, helical antenna loop cutting magnetic induction line, produce Low-frequency alternating currents, make use of simple electromagnetic induction phenomenon.
Because single environmental energy is limited, such as single radio-frequency electromagnetic wave energy or mechanical vibrational energy usually can not meet the energy supply demand of radio-based electronic devices; Consider the diversity of environment in addition, be operated in indoor or cloudy day Sometimes When It Rains, the energy of thin-film solar cells collection will reduce greatly, so need to adopt mixed tensor gathering system to provide the energy for radio-based electronic devices.Together with thin-film solar cells is done with antenna, neither reduce the efficiency of thin-film solar cells, also do not reduce antenna radiation efficiency, this imagination is propose in U.S. spaceflight device energy supply research for 1994 the earliest, in research afterwards, obtain further development.Together with thin-film solar cells, vibrational energy collector and Microstrip Receiving Antenna are all done by the present invention, the module of three kinds of collecting energies can be worked simultaneously also can single work, and three kinds of energy conversion efficiencies can not be disturbed mutually.Effectively solve energy supply problem when low-consumption wireless electronic equipment works in various environment.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of integrated hybird environment energy collecting device, the energy supply of the low power dissipation electron such as radio sensing network, RFID equipment in multiple environment can be realized, to break away from the constraint of battery.Cost of the present invention is low, volume is little, be easy to carry, and is suitable for large-scale application.
In order to solve above technical problem, the concrete technical scheme that the present invention adopts is as follows:
A kind of integrated hybird environment energy collecting device, is characterized in that comprising: planar square-spiral RECTIFYING ANTENNA, thin-film solar cells and permanent magnet thin slice; Thin-film solar cells is covered on the square ring double-layer PCB board of hollow; Permanent magnet thin slice is positioned at described hollow position, and is connected with double-layer PCB board in four directions by non-metal elastic parts; The size of permanent magnet thin slice is less than hollow size; Described planar square-spiral RECTIFYING ANTENNA comprises Microstrip Receiving Antenna and the broadband rectification boosting circuit that is connected with Microstrip Receiving Antenna forms; Microstrip Receiving Antenna is planar square-spiral microstrip line, is made up of the layers of copper investing pcb board top layer; The layers of copper of pcb board bottom is ground level; Microstrip Receiving Antenna operating frequency is at 2.4-2.5GHz;
Broadband rectification boosting circuit is made up of diode D1, diode D2, electric capacity C1, electric capacity C2 and inductance L 1; Electric capacity C1 and inductance L 1 parallel connection form parallel element, the input of connection broadband, one end rectification boosting circuit of parallel element, and the other end connects the anode of diode D1 and the negative electrode of diode D2; The minus earth of diode D1, then one end of the anode connection electric capacity C2 of diode D2 connects output, the other end ground connection of electric capacity C2; Electric capacity C1 capacitance is 1-10nF, and electric capacity C2 capacitance is greater than 1 μ F; Because electric capacity C1 capacitance is smaller, the Low-frequency alternating currents capacitive reactance therefore for electromagnetic induction generation is very large, and therefore in parallel suitable on electric capacity C1 inductance L 1, widens bandwidth of operation, realize the rectifier boost to low frequency signal.
Diode D1, diode D2 are Schottky diode; Inductance L 1 is paster laminated inductance.
Described permanent magnet thin slice is cylindrical.Described elastomeric element is nonmetal spring.
the course of work of the present inventionas follows:
Microstrip Receiving Antenna adopts planar square-spiral profile design, and Microstrip Receiving Antenna uses double-level-metal dielectric-slab to form, and the antenna of microstrip line construction adopts the layers of copper of top layer to realize, and the layers of copper of bottom is ground level.Microstrip Receiving Antenna center is hollow out, and dielectric-slab is circulus, and namely whole plank is hollow.Because the ambient radio-frequency electromagnetic wave energy of 2.45GHz is the strongest, the Microstrip Receiving Antenna operating center frequency of design is at 2.45GHz.First according to the size of the parameter estimation Microstrip Receiving Antenna such as dielectric constant, thickness of Microstrip Receiving Antenna working frequency range, medium, then the domain of Microstrip Receiving Antenna is obtained by the ADS simulation optimization of Agilent company, Microstrip Receiving Antenna is made in kind according to the yardstick of this domain, then testing improvement is carried out to material object, finally obtain the Microstrip Receiving Antenna needed.
Broadband rectification boosting circuit, for high frequency electromagnetic wave signal, inductance L 1 can as open circuit, when input terminal voltage is 1V, upper just lower negative time; Diode D1 conducting, input terminal voltage charges to electric capacity C1, and polarity of voltage is left positive right negative, and electric capacity C1 crest voltage can reach 1V; When lower timing negative on input terminal voltage, diode D1 ends, diode D2 conducting, input terminal voltage and electric capacity C1 charge to electric capacity C2, and just upper negative under polarity of voltage, electric capacity C2 crest voltage can reach 2V, can find out, output voltage is the twice of input voltage, reaches the object of rectifier boost.Because electric capacity C1 capacitance is 1-10nF, smaller, the low frequency signal capacitive reactance therefore for electromagnetic induction generation is very large, and therefore at electric capacity C1 two ends, suitable inductance L 1 in parallel reduces reactance, widens bandwidth of operation, realizes the effective rectifier boost of low frequency signal.Electric capacity C2 will select capacitance to be greater than the storage capacitor of 1 μ F.Compare with traditional rectification boosting circuit, this rectification boosting circuit, when not increasing layout size, is taken into account rectification while low frequency and high-frequency signal, is effectively improve bandwidth, can realize the broad frequency range work from 20Hz-2.5GHz.
Adopt direct conjugate impedance match between broadband rectification boosting circuit and Microstrip Receiving Antenna, traditional method is between rectification boosting circuit and Microstrip Receiving Antenna, adopt impedance matching network to mate, and the method can reduce the conversion efficiency of wireless energy.Direct conjugate impedance match can not only reduce the complexity of making, can also suppress the radiation again of high order harmonic component, improves conversion efficiency.Diode is directly connected with Microstrip Receiving Antenna by direct conjugate impedance match in PCB design, but the position of pad is the optimum position obtained by Electromagnetic Simulation optimization.
Permanent magnet thin slice is positioned at Microstrip Receiving Antenna hollow position, during the vibration of this hybird environment energy collecting device, permanent magnet thin slice can be shaken up and down relative to Microstrip Receiving Antenna, be equivalent to coil at cutting magnetic induction line, in Microstrip Receiving Antenna loop, just create the alternating current of low frequency like this, direct current output must have been arrived through over commutation.Because the alternating current frequency produced in Microstrip Receiving Antenna is very low, and permanent magnet thin slice and spring are all nonmetallic, so affect the effect that Microstrip Receiving Antenna collects high frequency electromagnetic wave signal hardly.
Thin-film solar cells is directly attached to Microstrip Receiving Antenna upper and lower surface, the amorphous silicon thin-film solar cell selected, amorphous silicon thin-film solar cell is by thin-film solar cells layer, and upper and lower layer glass substrate layer composition, seldom, thickness is 50-150 μm for gross thickness and an A4 paper thickness difference.The conversion efficiency of thin-film solar cells is 10-20%, and the energy received under direct irradiation of sunlight is 50-100mW/cm
2, when at the cloudy day or in indoor, the power received will drop to μ W rank.Thin-film solar cells under light illumination can direct output of DC current, uses easily.
the present invention has beneficial effect
The present invention is by being directly attached to Microstrip Receiving Antenna upper and lower surface by thin-film solar cells, permanent magnet thin slice is fixed on the raw electricity of magnetic when Microstrip Receiving Antenna hollow position makes it vibrate, under the prerequisite not increasing environmental energy gathering-device size, realize the collection integration of radio-frequency electromagnetic wave energy, solar energy and mechanical vibrational energy three kinds of varying environment energy; By by three kinds of energy collection module coordinate design in one, achieve according to different ambient conditions, three kinds of energy collection module can work simultaneously also can single work, and three kinds of energy conversion efficiencies can not be disturbed mutually; By inductance L 1 in parallel suitable on electric capacity C1, improve conventional high-frequency rectification booster circuit, widened bandwidth of operation, rectifier boost can be carried out to the low frequency signal that frequency electromagnetic waves and electromagnetic induction produce simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is principle of the invention block diagram.
Fig. 2 is vertical view of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the profile at center of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the profile near Microstrip Receiving Antenna feed edge;
Fig. 5 is broadband of the present invention rectification boosting circuit schematic diagram.
In figure: 1 thin-film solar cells, 2 polytetrafluoroethylene FR4,3 Microstrip Receiving Antenna, 4 non-metal elastic parts, 5 permanent magnet thin slices, 6 via holes, 7 feed places, 8 ground levels.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of integrated hybird environment energy collecting device of the present invention, is made up of jointly thin-film solar cells, Microstrip Receiving Antenna, broadband rectification boosting circuit and vibration energy harvesting module.The output of Microstrip Receiving Antenna and vibration energy harvesting module connects broadband rectification boosting circuit, the output of broadband rectification boosting circuit connects the power management module of rear class, the power management module of rear class is directly received in the output of thin-film solar cells, the direct current of the power management module stable output of final rear class.
With double-level-metal printing board PCB for manufacturing process, the profile of pcb board as shown in Figure 4.As can be seen from profile, Microstrip Receiving Antenna haves three layers altogether, does not comprise thin-film solar cells layer, and top layer and bottom are copper material, and wherein the layers of copper of top layer is as Microstrip Receiving Antenna, and the antenna size receiving different frequency range radiation signal is different; The layers of copper of bottom is ground level; Intermediate layer material is that polytetrafluoroethylene FR4 is as medium.Constitute a Microstrip Receiving Antenna.
From the broadband rectification boosting circuit schematic diagram of Fig. 5, broadband rectification boosting circuit is made up of diode D1, diode D2, electric capacity C1, electric capacity C2 and inductance L 1, electric capacity C1 and inductance L 1 parallel connection form parallel element, one end of parallel element is the input of broadband rectification boosting circuit, the other end of parallel element connects the anode of diode D1 and the negative electrode of diode D2, the minus earth of diode D1, then one end of the anode connection electric capacity C2 of diode D2 connects output, the other end ground connection of electric capacity C2.The patch capacitor that electric capacity C1, electric capacity C2 adopt electric leakage very low, electric capacity C2 will select capacitance to be greater than the storage capacitor of 1 μ F, and diode D1, diode D2 adopt Schottky diode, and model is HSMS-2852, and inductance L 1 adopts paster laminated inductance.
Microstrip Receiving Antenna and broadband rectification boosting circuit are all adopt microstrip line construction to realize, its physical size obtains after all carrying out calculating and simulation optimization by the ADS software of Agilent company, the medium of double-layer PCB board adopts polytetrafluoroethylene FR4, and dielectric thickness is 1.6mm, and dielectric constant is 4.28.
Adopt conventional amorphous silicon thin-film solar cell, be attached to the positive and negative surface of Microstrip Receiving Antenna, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.Thin-film solar cells under light illumination can direct output of DC current, and in order to increase output voltage, all thin-film solar cells are connected in series, and exports termination power management module.
Consider that metal can affect Microstrip Receiving Antenna radiation field, permanent magnet thin slice is selected nonmetallic.Permanent magnet thin slice has certain weight, is fixed on vacancy in Microstrip Receiving Antenna central authorities, as shown in Figure 2 by four nonmetal springs.When rocking, permanent magnet thin slice can relative Microstrip Receiving Antenna plane be shaken up and down or all around, Microstrip Receiving Antenna loop cutting magnetic induction line, produces the alternating current of low frequency in Microstrip Receiving Antenna loop, then obtains direct current through broadband rectification boosting circuit and exports.
Claims (3)
1. an integrated hybird environment energy collecting device, is characterized in that comprising: planar square-spiral RECTIFYING ANTENNA, thin-film solar cells and permanent magnet thin slice; Thin-film solar cells is covered on the square ring double-layer PCB board of hollow; Permanent magnet thin slice is positioned at the hollow position of described square ring double-layer PCB board, and is connected with double-layer PCB board in four directions by non-metal elastic parts; The size of permanent magnet thin slice is less than hollow size; Described planar square-spiral RECTIFYING ANTENNA comprises Microstrip Receiving Antenna and the broadband rectification boosting circuit that is connected with Microstrip Receiving Antenna forms; Microstrip Receiving Antenna is planar square-spiral microstrip line, is made up of the layers of copper investing pcb board top layer; The layers of copper of pcb board bottom is ground level; Microstrip Receiving Antenna operating frequency is at 2.4-2.5GHz;
Broadband rectification boosting circuit is made up of diode D1, diode D2, electric capacity C1, electric capacity C2 and inductance L 1; Electric capacity C1 and inductance L 1 parallel connection form parallel element, the input of connection broadband, one end rectification boosting circuit of parallel element, and the other end connects the anode of diode D1 and the negative electrode of diode D2; The minus earth of diode D1, then one end of the anode connection electric capacity C2 of diode D2 connects output, the other end ground connection of electric capacity C2; Electric capacity C1 capacitance is 1-10nF, and electric capacity C2 capacitance is greater than 1 μ F.
2. a kind of integrated hybird environment energy collecting device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described permanent magnet thin slice is cylindrical.
3. a kind of integrated hybird environment energy collecting device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described elastomeric element is nonmetal spring.
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| CN104779708B (en) * | 2015-03-13 | 2017-10-27 | 杭州柯茂睿海科技有限公司 | Energy acquisition and conversion equipment |
| CN104993604B (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2017-06-27 | 江苏大学 | A kind of cylinder type electromagnetic wave and vibrational energy mixed collection device |
| CN105576852A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2016-05-11 | 北京中电华大电子设计有限责任公司 | Power supply system |
| CN105490501B (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2019-05-10 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of acquisition of vibrational energy and wireless launcher |
| CN107895997B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2024-02-27 | 中国电子科技集团公司信息科学研究院 | Energy system with multi-energy composite power supply |
| MX2020012937A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2021-02-15 | Univ Arkansas | Energy harvesting devices and sensors, and methods of making and use thereof. |
| CN109283401A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-01-29 | 西安电子科技大学 | Nano-antenna radiation efficiency test method based on thermocouple |
| CN110061530B (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2023-03-31 | 重庆邮电大学 | Electric field energy acquisition power supply applied to 220V power line |
| CN110190685B (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2023-06-06 | 四川大学 | Broadband rectifying circuit for electromagnetic energy collection |
| CN111786094A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-16 | 镇江联芯微电子科技有限公司 | Flexible hybrid energy collection antenna based on piezoelectric and solar thin film materials |
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