CN103849812B - Low fragility 700MPa level steel for automobile crossbeam and manufacture method thereof - Google Patents
Low fragility 700MPa level steel for automobile crossbeam and manufacture method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of low fragility 700MPa level steel for automobile crossbeam and manufacture method thereof.Its chemical composition is by mass percentage: C0.05～0.07%, Si < 0.1%, Mn1.45～1.75%, P < 0.012%, S < 0.005%, Al0.020～0.070%, Nb0.035～0.050%, Ti0.08～0.1%, N < 0.005%, surplus is ferrum and inevitable impurity, through desulfurizing iron, converter smelting, application of vacuum, continuous casting, slab inspection and cleaning, heating of plate blank, hot continuous rolling, section cooling, batch, finishing prepares.Intensity of the present invention is high, at Vehicle Frame Design weight loss effect up to 10%～25%；Good moldability, it is adaptable to the techniques such as punching press, roll-in, bending；Low-temperature flexibility is good, it is adaptable to the transport of cold district.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallurgical technology field, relate to a kind of automobile longitudinal girder steel, be specifically related to a kind of low fragility 700MPa level vapour
Crossbeam steel and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
Alleviating tare by improving armor plate strength, reach energy-conservation of consumption reduction, reducing environmental pollution is current auto industry research
Important topic.At home and abroad, mostly present stage is the intensity using the certain microalloy element of interpolation to strengthen steel.Beam steel is made
For the safety load-bearing part of passenger-cargo carriage, performance and formability there is the highest requirement.Domestic each steel mill is all carrying out grinding of related fields
Study carefully work.But alloying element used, consumption, which kind of technique are all not quite similar, and the equipment of each factory, technology, raw material etc.
Relevant.At present, the production technology of below 650MPa rank beam steel is the most ripe, the most wide in the application of auto industry.
It is limited to the backward molding equipment of domestic automobile industry, commonly uses below 650MPa rank steel grade at present and manufacture heavy truck crossbeam,
Using strength range to be concentrated mainly on 510MPa～600MPa, the range of application of higher intensity rank crossbeam is less or is in industry and recognizes
The card stage.
The vehicle frame on heavy truck chassis uses hot rolling automotive frame steel to make, and its frame assembly is divided into longeron, lining beam, longeron, reinforcement
And reinforcing plate etc., each parts are to use cold stamping shaping or rolling forming mode, and its assembling mainly uses riveting method.
Automotive frame is i.e. the supporting part of passenger-cargo carriage, is also the safety member in vehicle traveling process.In order to improve lifting capacity, weight
Card crossbeam typically uses the hot rolled steel plate manufacture of 6～12mm.Tonnage according to heavy truck and application scenario, heavy truck crossbeam uses single
Beam or twin beams design.By improving intensity rank, the thickness of crossbeam can be reduced, or be that single-beam sets by twin beams change in design
Meter, brings multiple benefits, while alleviating car weight, can reduce oil consumption or increase cargo dead-weight.Condition in prior art
The lower intensity increasing steel for automobile crossbeam further is the problem that people are studying always.
CN200910272678.4 discloses a kind of tensile strength in 590MPa level steel for automobile crossbeam and manufacture method thereof, its institute
Steel grade intensity is relatively low, in chemical composition, use Trace Titanium Treatment, titanium Main Function is to make the inclusion modifications such as S, P in steel,
Reduce the harm of field trash so that it is shape changes, thus improves the formability of steel, for reaching this purpose, its content one
As about 0.03%.This steel grade intensity is relatively low, can not meet modern heavy-duty commercial car manufacturing enterprise to steel high-strength thinning with
Adapt to the most harsh day environmental regulation requirement.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of tensile strength at 700MPa level steel for automobile crossbeam, there is higher intensity and good
Mouldability while, it may have excellent low-temperature flexibility.
Concrete scheme is as follows:
Low fragility 700MPa level steel for automobile crossbeam, its chemical composition is by mass percentage:
C0.05～0.07%, Si < 0.1%, Mn1.45～1.75%, P < 0.012%, S < 0.005%, Al0.020～
0.070%, Nb0.035～0.050%, Ti0.08～0.1%, N < 0.005%, surplus is ferrum and inevitable impurity.
By such scheme, described low fragility 700MPa level steel for automobile crossbeam through desulfurizing iron, converter smelting, application of vacuum,
Continuous casting, slab inspection and cleaning, heating of plate blank, hot continuous rolling, section cooling, batch, finishing prepare；
Wherein, tap after described converter smelting 1/3 time start to add ferroalloy, tap 2/3 time add complete, and alloying order depend on
Secondary for ferro-aluminum, ferromanganese, ferro-niobium；Use adds aluminum machine and adds aluminum steel and carry out final deoxidizing, adds ferrotianium during application of vacuum, and Ferrotitanium particle is straight
Footpath≤30mm；
Continuous casting steel billet is first heated to 1250～1300 DEG C in 200～300 minutes by described Hot Strip Rolling and carries out roughing, roughing
End temp controls to carry out finish rolling again at 1040～1140 DEG C, and finishing temperature is 780～880 DEG C.
By such scheme, described section cooling is back segment cooling, and water temperature ＜ 35 DEG C of cooling water controls rate of cooling >=10 DEG C/s.
By such scheme, coiling temperature is 500～580 DEG C.
The preparation method of above-mentioned low fragility 700MPa level steel for automobile crossbeam, including desulfurizing iron, converter smelting, application of vacuum,
Continuous casting, slab inspection and cleaning, heating of plate blank, hot continuous rolling, section cooling, batch, the processing step of finishing, its feature exists
In:
Tap after converter smelting 1/3 time start to add ferroalloy, tap 2/3 time add complete, and alloying order be followed successively by ferro-aluminum,
Ferromanganese, ferro-niobium；Use adds aluminum machine and adds aluminum steel and carry out final deoxidizing, adds ferrotianium, in order to improve the utilization of effective titanium during application of vacuum
Rate, it is desirable to Ferrotitanium particle diameter≤30mm；
First continuous casting steel billet being heated in 200～300 minutes 1250～1300 DEG C in Hot Strip Rolling and carry out roughing, roughing terminates
Temperature controls to carry out finish rolling again at 1040～1140 DEG C, and finishing temperature is 780～880 DEG C.
By such scheme, described section cooling is back segment cooling, and water temperature ＜ 35 DEG C of cooling water, rate of cooling is >=10 DEG C/s.
By such scheme, coiling temperature is 500～580 DEG C.
Carbon is cheap solution strengthening element.If its content is more than 0.07%, then press formability can reduce；If its content
Less than 0.05%, then can not meet the material requirement to intensity, so, its content is limited to 0.05%～0.07% scope.
Element silicon promotes the generation of iron scale in the hot rolling, deteriorates surface quality, easily comes off in follow-up punching course,
Cause use difficulty, so its content is limited to < 0.1%.
Manganese is to improve intensity and the maximally effective element of toughness, can improve the intensity-extension balance of steel.But add the manganese of volume,
The quenching degree increasing steel can be caused, in consideration of it, 1.75% will be defined on it, so, its content is limited to 1.45%～1.75%
Scope.
Phosphorus is the harmful element in steel, easily causes center segregation of casting blank, in order to avoid cold bending performance, toughness deteriorate,
Set its upper content limit as 0.012%.
Sulfur is very harmful element.Sulfur in steel often exists with the oxide morphology of manganese, the impact to steel of this sulphide inculsion
Toughness is the most disadvantageous, and causes the anisotropy of performance, and along with the raising of beam steel intensity, the extension of micro-crack is to being mingled with
Thing is the most sensitive, so sulfur content in steel being controlled below 0.005%.
Aluminum adds for deoxidation, when Als content is less than 0.020%, it is impossible to play its effect；On the other hand, due to
The aluminum adding volume easily forms aluminium oxide agglomerate, so, it is stipulated that the Als upper limit is 0.070%.Therefore, Als content is limited to
0.020%～0.070% scope.
Niobium is indispensable element in cerium sulphate crystal rolls, and in thermomechanical processing, crystal grain thinning, reduction austenite are to ferrum element
The transition temperature of body and precipitation strength, therefore add trace alloying element niobium and can be easy to the carrying out of controlled rolling, and improve in steel
The intensity of steel plate and toughness.So, the consideration of the aspects such as comprehensive mechanical property of steel plate and cost, its content is limited to 0.035～
0.050% scope.
Titanium is cheap alloy strengthening element, precipitation compound with carbon and nitrogen, not only crystal grain thinning, and hinders in deformation process
Dislocation moves.For making full use of the invigoration effect of titanium, it is stipulated that its lower limit is 0.08%, for avoiding too high titanium to cause toughness to deteriorate,
Specify that its upper limit is 0.1%.So, its content is limited to 0.08～0.1% scope.
Nitrogen element is very strong with the affinity of titanium elements, in order to avoid nitrogen is combined formation large scale metallic inclusion with titanium, is limited
< 0.005%.
In patent of the present invention, on composition designs, due to the raising of steel-making level, S, P content itself can be controlled in the lowest water
Flat, steel becomes purer, and Ti adds primarily as alloy strengthening element, meanwhile, in order to ensure effective precipitation of Ti element,
N element there are strict requirements, it is to avoid N element and Ti form large-sized TiN metallic inclusion, design at hot rolling technology
On, in order to ensure that the Ti compound in steel billet fully dissolves, during heating steel billet, heating-up temperature and heat time heating time there are is spy
Different requirement, simultaneously in order to fully improve the formability of steel plate, does not use leading portion to cool down in section cooling mode, but uses
The back segment type of cooling.
Along with Ti content increases, slab heating temperature need to improve in order to ensure that the compound of titanium fully dissolves, this patent
In require 1250～1300 DEG C, if less than 1250 DEG C, titaniferous compound dissolves insufficient in heating process, in rolling process with
Large-sized titaniferous compound exists, and affects its precipitating reinforcing effect.
Bound heat time heating time is required by this patent, if heat time heating time was less than 200 minutes, owing to Ti content is high, titanizing is closed
Thing can not fully dissolve, and affects the precipitation of titanium in rolling process, reduces the intensity of steel plate, if heat time heating time was more than 300 minutes,
Making austenite crystal too grow up, cause intensity to reduce, billet surface forms the iron scale of excess simultaneously, during de-scaling
Not easy-clear, is rolled into steel plate by iron scale during steel rolling, forms hole shape defect on surface.
This patent requires that section cooling uses the back segment type of cooling, compares the leading portion type of cooling, and back segment cooling first passes through a period of time
Cooling down after air cooling, therefore the intensity of cooling of back segment cooling is relatively low, can improve the elongation percentage of steel, can reduce steel plate internal stress simultaneously again,
Improve toughness.
Coiling temperature is set in 500～580 DEG C, beneficially the formation of bainite structure, and the toughness of bainite structure is better than pearlite group
Knit.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1) intensity is high, at Vehicle Frame Design weight loss effect up to 10%～25%；
2) good moldability, it is adaptable to the techniques such as punching press, roll-in, bending；
3) low-temperature flexibility is good, it is adaptable to the transport of cold district.
Detailed description of the invention
Following example are for being further appreciated by technical scheme, not as limiting of its scope.
Low fragility 700MPa level steel for automobile crossbeam, its chemical composition is by mass percentage:
C0.05～0.07%, Si < 0.1%, Mn1.45～1.75%, P < 0.012%, S < 0.005%, Al0.020～
0.070%, Nb0.035～0.050%, Ti0.08～0.1%, N < 0.005%, surplus is ferrum and inevitable impurity.
Its through desulfurizing iron, converter smelting, application of vacuum, continuous casting, slab inspection and cleaning, heating of plate blank, hot continuous rolling,
Section cooling, batch, finishing prepare.
Preparation process control to tap after converter smelting 1/3 time start to add ferroalloy, tap 2/3 time add complete, and alloying order
It is followed successively by ferro-aluminum, ferromanganese, ferro-niobium；Use adds aluminum machine and adds aluminum steel and carry out final deoxidizing, adds ferrotianium, Ferrotitanium particle during application of vacuum
Diameter≤30mm.Continuous casting steel billet is first heated to 1250～1300 DEG C in 200～300 minutes by Hot Strip Rolling and carries out roughing,
Roughing end temp controls to carry out finish rolling again at 1040～1140 DEG C, and finishing temperature is 780～880 DEG C.
In order to improve the utilization rate of effective titanium, Ferrotitanium particle diameter≤30mm.Owing to titanium is the strongest with the affinity of oxygen, it is necessary to de-
Application of vacuum link after oxygen adds titanium in molten steel, it is to avoid titanium forms compound with oxygen, float and enter covering slag.Hot continuous rolling is raw
Production. art controls critically important, and for realizing ferrite and the bainite structure of low-alloy steel of the present invention, the present invention uses reheating original
Austenite structure refinement controls, and forms complex chemical compound with carbon, nitrogen respectively by niobium and titanium, separates out in rolling and cooling procedure,
Its precipitate hinders crystal grain to grow up, thus realizes crystal grain refinement.
Along with Ti content increases, slab heating temperature need to improve in order to ensure that the compound of titanium fully dissolves, this patent
In require 1250～1300 DEG C, if less than 1250 DEG C, titaniferous compound dissolves insufficient in heating process, in rolling process with
Large-sized titaniferous compound exists, and affects its precipitating reinforcing effect.Bound heat time heating time is required by this patent, if during heating
Between less than 200 minutes, owing to Ti content is high, titanium compound can not fully dissolve, and affect the precipitation of titanium in rolling process, reduction
The intensity of steel plate, if more than 300 minutes, making austenite crystal too grow up, causing intensity to reduce, simultaneously steel heat time heating time
Base surface forms the iron scale of excess, not easy-clear during de-scaling, during steel rolling, iron scale is rolled into steel plate, on surface
Form hole shape defect.
Cooling down water temperature ＜ 35 DEG C of water in laminar cooling process, controlling rate of cooling is >=10 DEG C/s, uses the back segment type of cooling.Phase
The ratio leading portion type of cooling, back segment cooling cools down after first passing through a period of time air cooling again, and therefore the intensity of cooling of back segment cooling is relatively low,
The elongation percentage of steel can be improved, steel plate internal stress can be reduced simultaneously, improve toughness.
Coiling temperature is 500～580 DEG C.Being beneficial to the formation of bainite structure, the toughness of bainite structure is better than pearlitic structrure.
Metallographic testing result shows, this steel be organized as bainite.Tension test shows, this hardness of steel is high, and yield tensile ratio is high, tool
There is good non-deformability.Wide cold bending test shows, even if still checking qualified under conditions of d=0, has good cold
Forming property.
Embodiment
Low fragility 700MPa level hot rolling automotive frame steel is prepared by the specific chemical composition shown in table 1.Preparation process is as follows:
90 tons and 250 tons converters of steel mill carry out top bottom blowing, use Desulphurization of Pig Iron, make the S in molten iron≤
0.005%；Furnace rear tap 1/3 time start to add ferroalloy, tap 2/3 time add complete, alloying order: ferro-aluminum → ferromanganese → niobium
Ferrum, uses and adds aluminum machine and add aluminum steel and carry out final deoxidizing, add titanium when application of vacuum, and to carrying out trimming, make the chemistry in steel
Composition meets the requirement of table 1, and surplus is Fe and is inevitably mingled with；Again the pouring molten steel of composition shown in table 1 is become 230～
250mm × 1050～the slab of 2150mm section；Then slab is delivered to hot rolling mill, 2250mm milling train carries out hot continuous rolling,
It is rolled into hot-rolled sheet coil, then is carried out finishing；First continuous casting steel billet was heated in 200～300 minutes 1250～1300 DEG C enter
Row roughing, end temp is 1040～1140 DEG C, then carries out finish rolling, and finishing temperature is 780～880 DEG C, strip steel roll after control
Cooling uses the mode of back segment section cooling, water temperature ＜ 35 DEG C of cooling water, and controlling rate of cooling is >=10 DEG C/s, and coiling temperature is
500～580 DEG C.Rolling coil of strip carries out surface quality inspection at finishing line, and controls plate shape further well, finally gives 3～12mm
Hot rolled coil.
Table 1
| Composition | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Als | Nb | Ti | N |
| 1 | 0.051 | 0.08 | 1.49 | 0.011 | 0.004 | 0.068 | 0.049 | 0.082 | 0.003 |
| 2 | 0.057 | 0.05 | 1.46 | 0.009 | 0.001 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.087 | 0.002 |
| 3 | 0.066 | 0.04 | 1.54 | 0.004 | 0.002 | 0.064 | 0.042 | 0.090 | 0.0027 |
| 4 | 0.070 | 0.08 | 1.59 | 0.005 | 0.002 | 0.037 | 0.037 | 0.94 | 0.0035 |
| 5 | 0.059 | 0.06 | 1.70 | 0.005 | 0.004 | 0.025 | 0.039 | 0.098 | 0.0032 |
| 6 | 0.68 | 0.06 | 1.75 | 0.008 | 0.003 | 0.062 | 0.040 | 0.10 | 0.004 |
In above-mentioned table 1, five groups of each constituent contents of embodiment are all calculated in mass percent, and the performance of its corresponding product is shown in Table 2.
Wherein, lower yield strength, tensile strength, percentage elongation, 180 ° of wide clod washes ,-60 DEG C of ballistic works all perform according to national standard.
Table 2
By table 2 it can be seen that the lower yield strength of embodiments of the invention steel product is between 680～760MPa, tension
Intensity is between 735～800MPa, and percentage elongation is between 18%～26%.Embodiment steel have higher intensity with preferable simultaneously
Elongation percentage, 10mm steel plate ballistic work at-60 DEG C reaches 80J, shows that steel plate has a preferable low-temperature flexibility, and steel plate is real
Show the matched well of intensity and toughness.
Claims (2)
- The lowest fragility 700MPa level steel for automobile crossbeam, it is characterised in that chemical composition is by mass percentage:C 0.05～0.07%, Si < 0.1%, Mn 1.45～1.75%, P < 0.012%, S < 0.005%, Al 0.020～ 0.070%, Nb 0.035～0.050%, Ti 0.08～0.1%, N < 0.005%, surplus is ferrum and inevitable impurity；Described low fragility 700MPa level steel for automobile crossbeam is through desulfurizing iron, converter smelting, application of vacuum, continuous casting, slab Check and cleaning, heating of plate blank, hot continuous rolling, section cooling, batch, finishing prepared；Wherein, tap after described converter smelting 1/3 time start to add ferroalloy, tap 2/3 time add complete, and alloying order depend on Secondary for ferro-aluminum, ferromanganese, ferro-niobium；Use adds aluminum machine and adds aluminum steel and carry out final deoxidizing, adds ferrotianium, described ferrotianium during application of vacuum Grain diameter≤30mm；Continuous casting steel billet is first heated to 1250～1300 DEG C in 200～300 minutes by described Hot Strip Rolling and carries out roughing, roughing End temp controls to carry out finish rolling again at 1040～1140 DEG C, and finishing temperature is 780～880 DEG C；Section cooling is back segment cooling, and water temperature ＜ 35 DEG C of cooling water controls rate of cooling >=10 DEG C/s；Coiling temperature is 500～580 DEG C.
- 2. the preparation method of low fragility 700MPa level steel for automobile crossbeam described in claim 1, including desulfurizing iron, converter smelting Refining, application of vacuum, continuous casting, slab inspection and cleaning, heating of plate blank, hot continuous rolling, section cooling, batch, the technique of finishing Step, it is characterised in that chemical composition is by mass percentage:C 0.05～0.07%, Si < 0.1%, Mn 1.45～1.75%, P < 0.012%, S < 0.005%, Al 0.020～ 0.070%, Nb 0.035～0.050%, Ti 0.08～0.1%, N < 0.005%, surplus is ferrum and inevitable impurity；Tap after converter smelting 1/3 time start to add ferroalloy, tap 2/3 time add complete, and alloying order be followed successively by ferro-aluminum, Ferromanganese, ferro-niobium；Use adds aluminum machine and adds aluminum steel and carry out final deoxidizing, adds ferrotianium, described Ferrotitanium particle diameter≤30mm during application of vacuum；First continuous casting steel billet being heated in 200～300 minutes 1250～1300 DEG C in Hot Strip Rolling and carry out roughing, roughing terminates Temperature controls to carry out finish rolling again at 1040～1140 DEG C, and finishing temperature is 780～880 DEG C；Section cooling is back segment cooling, and water temperature ＜ 35 DEG C of cooling water, rate of cooling is >=10 DEG C/s；Coiling temperature is 500～580 DEG C.
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| CN104988392A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-10-21 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Steel for 610 MPa grade low-cost girder and ultrafast cooling manufacturing method thereof |
| CN106756564A (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-05-31 | 唐山钢铁集团有限责任公司 | A kind of yield strength 700MPa grades of steel band and its production method |
| CN108486473B (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2020-01-14 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | Low-yield-ratio sulfide stress corrosion resistant 345 MPa-grade steel plate for low-temperature pressure container and preparation method thereof |
| CN109161795B (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2019-10-08 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | High-strength beam steel and its manufacturing method with good fatigue behaviour and processability |
| CN109023111B (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2020-04-07 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | 1000 MPa-grade hot-rolled automobile girder steel and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN109097699B (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2020-01-14 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | 900 MPa-grade hot-rolled automobile girder steel and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN110129681B (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2021-05-28 | 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 | Production method of ultrahigh-strength automobile structural steel |
| CN111549288A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-08-18 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | Automobile girder steel with thickness of 12.0-16.0 mm and high toughness of 700MPa and production method thereof |
| CN112281075B (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2022-02-22 | 安阳钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for improving integral rolling performance stability of niobium-titanium composite reinforced 700MPa girder steel |
| CN113278889A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-08-20 | 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 | Production method of high-strength connecting plate of saddle of tractor |
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| CN101565794A (en) * | 2008-04-22 | 2009-10-28 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | High-strength hot rolling automotive frame steel plate and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN101701316B (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2011-11-16 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Automobile beam steel with tensile strength of 590MPa and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103160746A (en) * | 2011-12-14 | 2013-06-19 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | High strength steel for thick wall water pipe and manufacturing method thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20170717 Address after: 430083, Gate No. 2, Qingshan District, Hubei, Wuhan Patentee after: Wuhan iron and Steel Company Limited Address before: 430080 Wuhan, Hubei Friendship Road, No. 999, Wuchang Patentee before: Wuhan Iron & Steel (Group) Corp. |