CN103846061A - Novel multi-bed radial fixed bed reactor - Google Patents
Novel multi-bed radial fixed bed reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN103846061A CN103846061A CN201310499206.9A CN201310499206A CN103846061A CN 103846061 A CN103846061 A CN 103846061A CN 201310499206 A CN201310499206 A CN 201310499206A CN 103846061 A CN103846061 A CN 103846061A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a novel multi-bed radial fixed bed reactor which is distributed in a barrel shape. The novel multi-bed radial fixed bed reactor comprises a raw material inlet, catalyst beds, high-density porcelain balls, a ring-shaped channel, a center channel, a center channel distributor, a ring-shaped channel distributor, outer side grids, inner side grids, a reactant outlet and baffles, wherein the raw material inlet is formed in the top of the reactor, and the reactant outlet is formed in the bottom end of the reactor; the catalyst beds are distributed in the reactor along the radial direction in a ring barrel shape; the center channel is arranged in the center of the reactor, and the ring-shaped channel is arranged around the outer ring of the catalyst beds; the center channel and the ring-shaped channel are respectively provided with the baffles; the high-density porcelain balls are arranged on the baffles; the outer side grids are arranged at the outer sides of the catalyst beds, and the inner side grids are arranged at the inner sides of the catalyst beds. The novel multi-bed radial fixed bed reactor has the advantages that the sectional feeding proportion can be flexibly adjusted, and the bed pressure drop is effectively reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of radial fixed-bed reactor of chemical industry one class strong exothermal reaction, particularly relate to a kind of can flexible modulation sectional feeding ratio, effectively reduce the radial fixed-bed reactor of bed pressure drop.
Background technology
Fixed bed reactors are application class reactors very widely in chemical industry.Fixed bed reactors claim again packed bed reactor, are filled with solid catalyst to realize a kind of reactor of heterogeneous reaction process in reactor.Solids is graininess conventionally, is piled into the bed of certain altitude (or thickness).Bed transfixion, fluid reacts by bed.The difference of it and fluidized-bed reactor and moving-burden bed reactor is that solid particle remains static.Fixed bed reactors have three kinds of citation forms: 1. axial heat-insulating fixed bed reactors.2. radial adiabatic formula fixed bed reactors.3. calandria type fixed bed reactor.
Fig. 1 is conventional many beds axial restraint bed bioreactor, and Fig. 2 is conventional radial fixed-bed reactor.
The advantage of fixed bed reactors is: 1. back-mixing is little, and fluid can effectively contact with catalyst, can be compared with high selectivity in the time reacting with series connection side reaction.2. catalyst mechanical loss is little.3. simple in structure.The shortcoming of fixed bed reactors is: 1. conduct heat poor, when exothermic heat of reaction amount is very large, even temperature runaway (reaction temperature is out of hand, sharply rises, and exceedes allowed band) also may appear in shell and tube reactor.2. in operating process, catalyst can not be changed, and catalyst needs the reaction of frequent regeneration generally should not use, and often replaces fluidized-bed reactor or moving-burden bed reactor.
The cracking reaction of stronger heat release generally has as follows comparatively distinguishing feature: 1. in reaction, reaction heat is larger, and reactor heat surplus is more; 2. reaction belongs to the reaction that molecular weight increases, and in course of reaction, the volume flow of product progressively increases; 3. generally all need to inject inert media, or for cooling, or in order to reduce dividing potential drop to increase conversion ratio or to reduce green coke.
Methanol decomposition alkene processed is exactly typical strong heat release cracking reaction.Current such reactor adopts axial flow reactor more, example as shown in Figure 1, the fluid bed of flowing through from top to bottom vertically.Catalyst divides many bed fillings, and each thickness of bed layer substantially quite or slightly changes.Top initial charge section is injected a small amount of high temperature raw material, occurs to cause catalytic reaction, simultaneously in order to reduce raw material dividing potential drop and to control bed temperature, injects a large amount of high temperature inert media to serve as heat carrier simultaneously.Between each bed, reaction raw materials and cooling medium are injected in segmentation, to control reaction temperature.
The advantage of above-mentioned axial multistage feeding fixed bed reactors is that sectional feeding can be controlled the material quantity that each beds reacts, and effectively controls reaction process; Its shortcoming is the increase along with raw material addition, and more past reactor lower part volumetric flow of gas is larger, and bed pressure drop increase is very fast, makes the pressure of whole reactor higher.And for molecular amounts increase, cracking reaction taking light component as target product, low reaction pressure contributes to improve conversion ratio and selective.
As shown in Figure 2, it is shorter that radial fixed-bed reactor has the mobile distance of fluid, cross section of fluid channel is long-pending larger, the less feature of Pressure Drop of fluid, but large for thermal discharge, to need sectional feeding or segmentation injection cooling medium operating mode, conventional radial fixed-bed reactor is difficult to meet technological requirement.
Because the defect that above-mentioned existing fixed bed reactors exist, practical experience and the professional knowledge of the inventor based on being engaged in this type of product design manufacture and enriching for many years, and the utilization of cooperation scientific principle, actively research and innovation in addition, to founding a kind of many beds radial fixed-bed reactor of new structure, can improve general existing fixed bed reactors, make it have more practicality.Through constantly research, design, and after repeatedly studying sample and improving, finally create the present invention who has practical value.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, overcome the defect that existing fixed bed reactors exist, and a kind of many beds radial fixed-bed reactor of new structure is provided, technical problem to be solved is can flexible modulation sectional feeding ratio, effectively reduce bed pressure drop, thereby is more suitable for practicality.
A kind of novel radial fixed-bed reactor of the present invention, for multistage radial fixed-bed reactor, wherein beds tubular distributes, reaction raw materials is radially through beds, by baffle plate being set at reactor center passage and circular passage respectively, radial reactor is divided into multiple beds, form many beds radial reactor, by distributor being set at reactor center passage and circular passage, can realize the sectional feeding of catalyst bed interlayer or inject cooling medium control bed temperature, and according to the sectional feeding situation between bed, suitably adjust bed height to reduce bed pressure drop.
On the basis of conventional radial reactor, by baffle plate being set at reactor center passage and circular passage, form many beds radial reactor, can realize the sectional feeding of catalyst bed interlayer or inject cooling medium control bed temperature, and according to the sectional feeding situation between bed, suitably adjust bed height to reduce bed pressure drop.In beds, the part of loading catalyst is the entirety of a connection, and the position inert substances such as highdensity porcelain ball that baffle plate is set in reactor center passage and circular passage cut off beds, to stop the short circuit of gas.In beds inner side with outside arranges respectively grid and silk screen is that beds provides support, by baffle plate is set in reactor circular passage, the inner side grid of the support of beds and outside grid are divided into multistage, the grid of every section of tubular is divided into multi-disc grid and installs.Be provided with sectional feeding distributor or coolant distribution device at reactor center passage and circular passage, thereby realize the sectional feeding of bed, and can control reaction temperature.
The object of the invention to solve the technical problems is to adopt following technical scheme to realize.The novel many beds radial fixed-bed reactor of one proposing according to the present invention, it is that tubular distributes, and comprising: feed(raw material)inlet, beds, highdensity porcelain ball, circular passage, central passage, central passage distributor, circular passage distributor, outside grid, inner side grid, reactant outlet, baffle plate, wherein feed(raw material)inlet is positioned at the top of this reactor, and reactant outlet is positioned at the bottom of this reactor, beds is that cylinder shape leading thread is to being distributed in reactor, central passage is positioned at the center of this reactor, and circular passage is positioned at around the outer ring of beds, central passage and circular passage are provided with baffle plate, highdensity porcelain ball is positioned at baffle plate place, one end of central passage distributor is arranged in central passage, and its other end is positioned at outside reactor, one end of circular passage distributor is arranged in circular passage, and its other end is positioned at outside reactor, outside grid is positioned at the outside of beds, and inner side grid is positioned at the inner side of beds.
Object of the present invention and solve its technical problem and can also be further achieved by the following technical measures.
Aforesaid novel many beds radial fixed-bed reactor, wherein this reactor can be divided into multiple beds by baffle plate.
Aforesaid novel many beds radial fixed-bed reactor, wherein highdensity porcelain ball is the inert substance that cuts off beds.
Aforesaid novel many beds radial fixed-bed reactor, wherein central passage distributor and circular passage distributor are sectional feeding distributor or the coolant distribution devices of horizontal positioned.
Aforesaid novel many beds radial fixed-bed reactor, is wherein respectively arranged with one deck silk screen on outside grid and inner side grid.
Aforesaid novel many beds radial fixed-bed reactor, wherein inner side grid and outside grid are made up of multi-disc grid respectively.
Aforesaid novel many beds radial fixed-bed reactor, wherein baffle plate is horizontal positioned.
The present invention compared with prior art has obvious advantage and beneficial effect.By technique scheme, a kind of novel many beds radial fixed-bed reactor of the present invention at least has advantages of following advantages: both retained radial fixed-bed reactor and had that the mobile distance of fluid is shorter, the long-pending Pressure Drop large, fluid of cross section of fluid channel is less, have again multistage bed axial restraint bed bioreactor can multistage feeding, the cooling advantage of multistage.
Above-mentioned explanation is only the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, in order to better understand technological means of the present invention, and can be implemented according to the content of description, and for above and other object of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent, below especially exemplified by preferred embodiment, and coordinate accompanying drawing, be described in detail as follows.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the axially-located bed structure of reactor schematic diagram of conventional many beds.
Fig. 2 is conventional radial fixed-bed reactor structural representation.
Fig. 3 is a kind of novel many beds radial fixed-bed reactor structural representation of the present invention.
[main element symbol description]
1 ': feed(raw material)inlet 2 ': beds
6 ': distributor 8 ': grid
10 ': reactant outlet
1 ": feed(raw material)inlet 2 ": beds
8 ": outside grid and silk screen 9 ": inner side grid and silk screen
10 ": reactant outlet 12 ": silk screen
1: feed(raw material)inlet 2: beds
3: highdensity porcelain ball 4: circular passage
5: central passage 6: central passage distributor
7: circular passage distributor 8: outside grid
9: inner side grid 10: reactant outlet
11: baffle plate 12: silk screen
Detailed description of the invention
Technological means and effect of taking for reaching predetermined goal of the invention for further setting forth the present invention, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment, to novel its detailed description of the invention of many beds radial fixed-bed reactor of one, structure, feature and effect thereof of proposing according to the present invention, be described in detail as follows.
The present invention at abundant analysis axis on the basis of fixed bed reactors and radial fixed-bed reactor feature, from technological angle, in conjunction with the feature of existing two kinds of fixed bed reactors, change existing radial reactor structure, both retained radial fixed-bed reactor and had advantages of that the mobile distance of fluid is shorter, the long-pending Pressure Drop large, fluid of cross section of fluid channel is less, have again multistage bed axial restraint bed bioreactor can multistage feeding, the cooling advantage of multistage.
Fig. 3 is a kind of novel many beds radial fixed-bed reactor structural representation of the present invention.As shown in Figure 3, catalyst bed, 2 tubulars distribute, reaction raw materials is radially through beds 2, by baffle plate 11 being set at reactor center passage 5 and circular passage 4 respectively, radial reactor is divided into multiple beds 2, form many beds radial reactor, by central passage distributor 6 and circular passage distributor 7 being set respectively at reactor center passage 5 and circular passage 4, can realize the sectional feeding of 2 of beds or inject cooling medium control bed temperature, and according to the sectional feeding situation between bed, suitably adjust bed height to reduce bed pressure drop.
The part of beds 2 loading catalysts is the entirety of a connection, and the position inert substances such as highdensity porcelain ball 3 that baffle plate is set in reactor center passage 5 and circular passage 4 cut off beds 2, to stop the short circuit of gas.
Be provided with the distributor of sectional feeding or cooling medium at reactor center passage 5 and circular passage 4, thereby realize the sectional feeding of bed, and can control reaction temperature.
The present invention is by realizing the object of expection to the transformation of conventional radial fixed bed reactors:
(1) radial fixed-bed reactor of many beds
For the design feature of radial fixed-bed reactor, central passage 5 parts of reactor and circular passage 4 parts respectively between across multilayer baffle plate is set, make reaction raw materials and product in reactor repeatedly from inside to outside or ecto-entad pass through beds 2(and refer to Fig. 3), form and the similar many bed reactors of axial restraint bed bioreactor, just beds 2 has become cylinder shape by flattened cylindrical shape.
The single space being divided into by dividing plate respectively in central passage 5 and circular passage 4 can arrange respectively sectional feeding distributor or coolant distribution device, and sectional feeding and the segmentation of realization response device are cooling.
(2) radial fixed-bed reactor of different bed heights
Because reactor is sectional feeding, autoreactor top is downward, inlet amount increases gradually, volumetric flow of gas also increases gradually, therefore in the arranging of beds 2, in the situation that catalyst bed layer thickness keeps identical, increase gradually the height of bed from top to bottom, increase the circulation area of beds 2, make gas pass the speed of beds 2 basic identical, can effectively eliminate like this high velocity, reduce by 2 pressure drops of total catalyst bed, thereby reduction reactor pressure, improves the selective of the conversion ratio of raw material and target product.
(3) partition of beds
For traditional radial fixed-bed reactor, its beds is communicated as one, although inside reactor passage and outer annular passage can be divided into several independently spaces separately by dividing plate, but the possibility that has gas short circuit in beds or collaborate, therefore the present invention fills with highdensity porcelain ball 3 inert substances such as grade at beds 2 boundarys, the short circuit of blocking-up gas.
The above, it is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not the present invention is done to any pro forma restriction, although the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment, but not in order to limit the present invention, any those skilled in the art, do not departing within the scope of technical solution of the present invention, when can utilizing the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to make a little change or being modified to the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations, in every case be the content that does not depart from technical solution of the present invention, foundation technical spirit of the present invention is to any simple modification made for any of the above embodiments, equivalent variations and modification, all still belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. novel many beds radial fixed-bed reactor, it is that tubular distributes, and it is characterized in that comprising: feed(raw material)inlet (1), beds (2), highdensity porcelain ball (3), circular passage (4), central passage (5), central passage distributor (6), circular passage distributor (7), outside grid (8), inner side grid (9), reactant outlet (10), baffle plate (11);
Wherein feed(raw material)inlet (1) is positioned at the top of this reactor, and reactant outlet (10) is positioned at the bottom of this reactor, beds (2) is that cylinder shape leading thread is to being distributed in reactor, central passage (5) is positioned at the center of this reactor, and circular passage (4) are positioned at around the outer ring of beds (2), central passage (5) and circular passage (4) are provided with baffle plate (11), highdensity porcelain ball (3) is positioned at baffle plate (11) and locates, one end of central passage distributor (6) is arranged in central passage (5), and its other end is positioned at outside reactor, one end of circular passage distributor (7) is arranged in circular passage (4), and its other end is positioned at outside reactor, outside grid (8) is positioned at the outside of beds (2), and inner side grid (9) is positioned at the inner side of beds (2).
2. novel many beds radial fixed-bed reactor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: this reactor can be divided into multiple beds (2) by baffle plate (11).
3. novel many beds radial fixed-bed reactor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: highdensity porcelain ball (3) is the inert substance that cuts off beds (2).
4. novel many beds radial fixed-bed reactor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: central passage distributor (6) and circular passage distributor (7) are sectional feeding distributor or the coolant distribution devices of horizontal positioned.
5. novel many beds radial fixed-bed reactor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: on outside grid (8) and inner side grid (9), be respectively arranged with one deck silk screen (12).
6. novel many beds radial fixed-bed reactor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: inner side grid (9) and outside grid (8) are made up of multi-disc grid respectively.
7. novel many beds radial fixed-bed reactor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: baffle plate (11) is horizontal positioned.
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Cited By (6)
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CN105536654A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-05-04 | 惠生工程(中国)有限公司 | Large-scale axial multistage-mixing heat exchange type oxydehydrogenation reactor for butylene |
CN108114672A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-06-05 | 青岛科技大学 | A kind of soaking type spiral plate fixed bed reactors of gas solid catalytic reaction |
CN109250687A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2019-01-22 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of radial reactor and a kind of process of chemical chain reaction |
CN109289713A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2019-02-01 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | A kind of mosquito-repellent incense coil pipe isothermal reactor and application method |
CN111004127A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-14 | 宁夏大学 | Method for preparing ethylamine and coproducing methylamine by dimethyl ether, synthesis gas and ammonia gas in one step |
CN114832734A (en) * | 2022-05-01 | 2022-08-02 | 华东理工大学 | Fischer-Tropsch synthesis tube type fixed bed reactor with sectional cooling in catalytic bed layer |
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Cited By (10)
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CN105536654A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-05-04 | 惠生工程(中国)有限公司 | Large-scale axial multistage-mixing heat exchange type oxydehydrogenation reactor for butylene |
CN105536654B (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2018-08-28 | 惠生工程(中国)有限公司 | A kind of large-scale axial multistage mixed heat transfer formula butylene oxidation-dehydrogenation reactor |
CN109250687A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2019-01-22 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of radial reactor and a kind of process of chemical chain reaction |
CN109250687B (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2021-07-09 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Radial reactor and chemical chain reaction process |
CN108114672A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-06-05 | 青岛科技大学 | A kind of soaking type spiral plate fixed bed reactors of gas solid catalytic reaction |
CN109289713A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2019-02-01 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | A kind of mosquito-repellent incense coil pipe isothermal reactor and application method |
CN111004127A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-14 | 宁夏大学 | Method for preparing ethylamine and coproducing methylamine by dimethyl ether, synthesis gas and ammonia gas in one step |
CN111004127B (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2023-10-27 | 宁夏大学 | Method for preparing ethylamine and co-producing methylamine by one-step method of dimethyl ether, synthesis gas and ammonia gas |
CN114832734A (en) * | 2022-05-01 | 2022-08-02 | 华东理工大学 | Fischer-Tropsch synthesis tube type fixed bed reactor with sectional cooling in catalytic bed layer |
CN114832734B (en) * | 2022-05-01 | 2024-01-30 | 华东理工大学 | Fischer-Tropsch synthesis tubular fixed bed reactor with sectional cooling in catalytic bed layer |
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