CN103843549B - A kind of freeman's maple cuttage and seedling culture method and special root-growing agent thereof - Google Patents
A kind of freeman's maple cuttage and seedling culture method and special root-growing agent thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103843549B CN103843549B CN201210521053.9A CN201210521053A CN103843549B CN 103843549 B CN103843549 B CN 103843549B CN 201210521053 A CN201210521053 A CN 201210521053A CN 103843549 B CN103843549 B CN 103843549B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to trees asexual multiplication seedling, specifically a kind of freeman maple cuttage and seedling culture method and special root-growing agent thereof, it is that branch is cut into single stem segment with current-year branch in cutting orchard for fringe material, and stem section lower cut dips in talcum powder, talcum powder adds absolute ethyl alcohol, sucrose and water, cuttage is in thin river sand: in the matrix of perlite=1:1 ~ 3:1, cover transparent plastic shed, a shading screen, water 2 water every day, control temperature 20 DEG C ~ 32 DEG C.After taking root, be transplanted into and turfy soil is housed: in the container for plant growth of perlite=3:1 ~ 5:1, be incubated in greenhouse, control greenhouse temperature 15 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, the spring in next year is colonizated in ground, garden.Present invention saves propagating materials, effectively raise rooting rate and the quality of rooting of freeman maple cuttings, shorten duration of taking root, ensure that transplanting survival rate, simple to operate, application is strong, significant to the development promoting this precious excellent Colored-leaf Plants seedling growing process of freeman maple.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to trees asexual multiplication seedling, specifically a kind of freeman maple cuttage and seedling culture method and special root-growing agent thereof.
Background technology
Freeman maple (Acer × freemanii) is the deciduous tree of Aceraceae Acer, tree-like grace, leaf delicate and pretty, especially after autumn leaf look scarlet is gorgeous, and ornamental value is high, is that (document 1. recruits snow fine to precious Colored-leaf Plants in autumn, Yuan Zhao and, Xu Rong etc. freeman maple ' Qiu Yan ' (Acer × freemanii ' Autumn Blaze ' organizes brown stain control research [J] of training. Chinese agronomy circular, 2010,26 (4): 200 ~ 204).Freeman maple is that red maple and silvery white maple hybridize outstanding improving the breed in system, fast growth, not only have the sight of red maple excellence, also inherit silvery white maple adaptability widely, be improved seeds rare in ornamental tree species (document 2. Wu likes east. the culture technique [J] of freeman maple. Chinese flower report, on April 17th, 2010 the 008th edition).Freeman maple has cross sterile characteristic, seldom solid or solid sterile, does not breed by sowing.By clone nursery, there is comprehensive utilization additivity and non-additive genetic effect, genetic gain is higher, the seedlings neat and consistent of breeding out, be convenient to intensive cultivating and management (document 3. Chen Xiaoyang, Shen Xihuan. Forest Tree Genetic Breeding [M]. Beijing: Higher Education Publishing House, 2005:94).Vegetative propagation comprises cuttage, grafting, root turion, buries method such as (pressure) bar and tissue cultures etc.Cottage propagation have simple to operate, efficiency is high, low cost and other advantages.
Cuttage is the regenerative function utilizing plant, insert in matrix by the material such as stem, branch, leaf, root former strain cutting a certain size, under suitable external environment condition, regulated by self heredity and physiological function, again form propagation method (document 3. Chen Xiaoyang of whole plant, Shen Xihuan. Forest Tree Genetic Breeding. Beijing: Higher Education Publishing House, 2005:94).
Cutting orchard is to provide the ground, garden of high quality tree species high-quality clonal material, is the necessary links realizing vegetative propagation large-scale production.Cutting orchard implementation becomes more meticulous, intensive management, can ensure the quality of fringe material, improve reproductive survival rate and reproduction coefficient.
Talcum powder is white, fine, odorless, tasteless powder, and main component is magnesium silicate, and it has the strong physical property of absorption affinity, therefore selects the attachment material being used as freeman maple cuttage cuttings.
ABT root-inducing powder series is a kind of New-type wide-spectrum efficient plant growth regulator of ABT research and development centre of Chinese forest-science academy development, it passes through strengthening, the content of regulating plant endogenous hormones, the activity of important enzyme, the synthesis of promotion large biological molecule, the morphogenesis of induction trees adventive root or indefinite bud, regulate trees metabolism intensity, thus improve tree cuttage rooting rate.
Absolute ethyl alcohol can effectively remove in cuttings the material suppressing to take root, and can improve takes root simultaneously promotes the action effect of material, significantly improves rooting rate.
Sucrose directly can supplement the nutrition of cuttings, effective hestening rooting.
Summary of the invention
Invention a kind of U.S. freeman maple cuttage and seedling culture method and special root-growing agent.
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of simple, the freeman maple cottage propagation seedling-cultivating method that efficient, cost is low, be beneficial to the needs of large-scale production:
A kind of freeman maple cuttage and seedling culture method, concrete steps are: 6 ~ July, with freeman maple current-year branch in cutting orchard for fringe material, branch is cut into single stem segment, single stem segment lower cut dips in or is coated with root-growing agent, single stem segment lower cut end inserts matrix 3cm ~ 4cm, by the matrix around real stem section after inserting, waters permeable; Cutting medium is thin river sand: perlite=1:1 ~ 3:1, root-growing agent take talcum powder as attachment, 1kg talcum powder adds 2g ~ 8gABT1,0.4L ~ 0.6L absolute ethyl alcohol, 10g ~ 20g sucrose and 0.5L water, cuttage bedcover transparent plastic shed props up 1 ~ 2 layer of shading screen, intensity of illumination 1000 μm of olm in temperature 20 DEG C ~ 32 DEG C, plastic canopy in control plastic canopy
-2s
-1~ 1500 μm of olm
-2s
-1, water 2 water every day;
After cuttage rooting, be transplanted into and turfy soil is housed: in the container for plant growth of perlite=3:1 ~ 5:1, be incubated in greenhouse, the spring in next year is colonizated in ground, garden;
Described cutting orchard is with 1 year raw freeman maple cuttage seeding for material builds garden, April, before cuttage seeding is not sprouted, selects loosing soil, ground, well-drained garden, executes the pig manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed as base manure, dark 10cm ~ 12cm, thick 2cm ~ 3cm, wide 8cm ~ 10cm; Adopt ridge planting, spacing in the rows 1.2m, line-spacing 0.5m, stay 2 coppice shoots, the stump when coppice shoot reaches 40cm ~ 60cm on the 1st year, stay 1 ~ 2 stem section in coppice shoot base portion, 4 ~ 6 healthy and strong branches of later selecting and remain every year, and stump method was with the 1st year;
Described plastic canopy surrounding takes 1 ~ 2 layer of shading screen, high 2m ~ 3m, wide and long respectively wider than cutting bed 0.5m ~ 1m;
Described cutting bed gating wind, draining and the good smooth plot of light, build up wide 1.0m ~ 1.5m, the long husky bed do not limit, and bed surrounding common brick brick work, first spreads the thick rubble of 3cm ~ 5cm at the bottom of bed, the thick cutting medium of top layer paving 10cm ~ 15cm; Do the semicircle shed that diameter is husky bedside degree, upper cover transparent plastic cloth;
Described fringe material is cut into single stem segment, long 5cm ~ 7cm, diameter 0.4cm ~ 0.6cm from Section three, the top of branch, stay 2 half leaves, otch is flat nick, is positioned at 1cm ~ 1.5cm on stipes, 4cm ~ 5.5cm under stipes, before cuttage, stem section tap water is clean;
Described container for plant growth volume is 0.8L ~ 1L, and diameter is 10cm ~ 12cm, and seedling of taking root is cultivated in greenhouse, and 2 weeks covers, 1 layer of shading screen after transplanting, controlled light intensity is at 1500 μm of olm
-2s
-1~ 2000 μm of olm
-2s
-1, remove shading screen later and grow under natural lighting; After transplanting, the 1st week every day watered once permeable, watered once permeable every 5d ~ 7d later, and temperature control in greenhouse is at 15 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, and the spring in next year is colonizated in ground, garden.
Cutting medium is thin river sand: perlite=1:1 ~ 3:1, fully mixes sterilization before cuttage with 0.3% ~ 0.5% potassium permanganate;
Described branch is that robust growth is without damage by disease and insect current-year branch.
Water 2 water described every day: when every day 9 ~ 10 and 15 ~ 16 time respectively to water a normal temperature permeable.
Tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, fringe material is saved.With single stem segment for cuttings, effectively raise fringe material availability, save the fringe material of 50% than the cottage method of routine.
2, rooting rate and quality of rooting high.Utilize the average rooting rate of special root-growing agent of invention more than 95%, mean elements is more than 10, and after cuttage 14d ~ 16d, average root length is at 1.5cm ~ 3cm.
Length when 3, taking root.The fringe material utilizing cutting orchard to obtain and special root-growing agent, during 14d ~ 16d, root reaches 1.5cm ~ 3cm, and taking root than normal cutting propagation method is advanced by 7d ~ 10d, effectively reduces cuttings melting brown rate, accelerates breeding cycle.
4, transplanting survival rate is high.Take rural area soil as transplanting medium, transplanting survival rate 60% ~ 70%, with turfy soil: perlite=4:1 is transplanting medium, and transplanting survival rate, more than 90%, improves 20% ~ 30%.
5, application is strong.Conventional cottage method is that the quickly dipped or low concentration of high concentration taking root liquid 30 seconds is taken root immersion radical hour, and the present invention, only needs root-growing agent to be attached to cuttings base portion in several seconds for medium with sticky shape talcum powder, simple to operate, save time.
Embodiment
Freeman maple cottage propagation process is:
1, fringe material is selected and cutting orchard construction
In 6 ~ July, growth selection is healthy and strong without damage by disease and insect raw U.S. freeman maple branch then, with the bubble chamber storage transport that ice cube is housed after clip.
Cutting orchard construction for garden built by material with annual freeman maple cuttage seeding, before April, cuttage seeding do not sprout, before cuttage seeding is not sprouted, is selected loosing soil, ground, well-drained garden, is executed the pig manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed as base manure, dark 10cm ~ 12cm, thick 2cm ~ 3cm, wide 8cm ~ 10cm.Adopt ridge planting, spacing in the rows 1.2m, line-spacing 0.5m, stay 2 coppice shoots, the stump when coppice shoot reaches 40cm ~ 60cm on the 1st year, stay 1 ~ 2 stem section in coppice shoot base portion, 4 ~ 6 healthy and strong branches of later selecting and remain every year, and stump method was with the 1st year.Dailyly carry out fertilising, pour water, weeding and extermination of disease and insect pest work.
2, cuttage and management after inserting
Cutting medium selects thin river sand: perlite=1:1 ~ 3:1, matrix 0.3% ~ 0.5% potassium permanganate sufficiently sterilised before cuttage.From Section three of branch, be cut into single stem segment, long 5cm ~ 7cm, diameter 0.4cm ~ 0.6cm, stay 2 half leaves, otch is flat nick, is positioned at 1cm ~ 1.5cm on stipes, 4cm ~ 5.5cm under stipes, and before cuttage, stem section tap water is clean.Lower cut dips in root-growing agent, and the cuttage degree of depth is 3cm ~ 4cm, and seeding row spacing is 8cm × 8cm, by real matrix after inserting, waters permeable.Cover transparent plastic shed, 1 ~ 2 layer of shading screen, in control shading shed, intensity of illumination is at 1000 μm of olm
-2s
-1~ 1500 μm of olm
-2s
-1, plastics temperature of shed 20 DEG C ~ 32 DEG C, when every day 9 ~ 10 and 15 ~ 16 time respectively to water 1 time normal temperature permeable.
3, after cuttage rooting, be transplanted in container for plant growth, be incubated in greenhouse.Control greenhouse temperature 15 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, container for plant growth volume is 0.8L ~ 1.0L, and diameter is 10cm ~ 12cm.Transplant after the 1st week every day water 1 time permeable, water once permeable every 5d ~ 7d later, first 2 weeks cover 1 layer of shading screen, controlled light intensity is at 1500 μm of olm
-2s
-1~ 2000 μm of olm
-2s
-1, remove shading screen later, grow under natural lighting, the spring in next year is colonizated in ground, garden
Embodiment 1
What different fringe material was taken root on freeman affects situation.
1) matrix and sterilization are with U.S. freeman maple cottage propagation process 2
2) fringe material is selected and process
Early June, select freeman maple cutting orchard branch, garden ground (life in 6 ~ 8 years) bizet branch and ground, garden (life in 6 ~ 8 years) bar base portion to sprout evil branch, branch processing method is with U.S. freeman maple cottage propagation process 2, and root-growing agent selects 200mgL
-1aBT1 soaks stem section lower cut place 2cm ~ 3cm2h.
3) after inserting, management is with freeman maple cottage propagation process 2.Known by table 1, the cuttage of freeman maple sprouts evil branch for fringe material with bar base portion in branch in cutting orchard and ground, garden, and rooting rate improves 20% ~ 30%, and quality of rooting is good, length when taking root.
The situation of taking root of table 1 different fringe material freeman maple cuttings
Embodiment 2
1) matrix sterilization is with embodiment 1.
2) late June, with current-year branch in cutting orchard for fringe material, fringe material processing method is with embodiment 1.Stem section lower cut dips in talcum powder, and 1kg talcum powder adds 2g, 4g, 6g ABT1 root-inducing powder respectively, 0.5 absolute ethyl alcohol and 0.5L water.Not to be treated to contrast with root-growing agent.
3) after inserting, management is with embodiment 1.Known by table 2, root-growing agent adds 4gkg
-1~ 6gkg
-1aBT1 treatment effect is best, and average rooting rate is more than 85%, and mean elements is more than 8, and after cuttage 15d ~ 17d, average root length is at 1.5cm ~ 2.5cm.
The different ABT1 of table 2 adds the situation of taking root of concentration freeman maple cuttings
Embodiment 3
1) matrix sterilization is with embodiment 1.
2) mid-July, with current-year branch in cutting orchard for fringe material, fringe material processing method is with example 1.Stem section lower cut dips in talcum powder, and 1kg talcum powder adds 10g, 15g, 20g sucrose respectively, 6g ABT1,0.5L absolute ethyl alcohol and 0.5L water.With with sucrose root-growing agent for contrast.
3) after inserting, management is with embodiment 1.Known by table 3, root-growing agent adds 15gkg
-1saccharose treatment rooting efficiency is best, and average rooting rate is more than 95%, and after cuttage 14d ~ 16d, mean elements is more than 10.
The different sucrose of table 3 adds the situation of taking root of concentration freeman maple cuttings
Embodiment 4
1) with embodiment 3 obtain seedling of taking root for material.
2) transplanting medium selects rural area soil, turfy soil and turfy soil: perlite=4:13 kind.Known by table 4, with turfy soil: perlite=4:1 is matrix, and average transplanting survival rate is more than 90%.
Table 4 different transplanting medium freeman maple takes root the survival rate of seedling
The invention solves the problem of freeman maple difficulty breeding, cuttage and seedling culture method and special root-growing agent are effective to breeding freeman maple.Fringe material vitality in cutting orchard is vigorous, without damage by disease and insect, is easy to regeneration; Cutting medium is with thin river sand: perlite=2:1 is good, effectively raises rooting rate, and the loose seedling that is easy to take root of matrix goes out bed, decreases the damage ratio of root; The special root-growing agent of invention take talcum powder as attachment, adds ABT1 4gkg simultaneously
-1~ 6 gkg
-1, sucrose 15gkg
-1, absolute ethyl alcohol 0.5Lkg
-1, water 0.5Lkg
-1rooting efficiency is best, and average rooting rate is more than 95%, and mean elements is more than 10, and after cuttage 14d ~ 16d, average root length is at 1.5cm ~ 3.0cm; Transplanting medium is with turfy soil: perlite=4:1 is excellent, and average transplanting survival rate is more than 90%.The invention provides the application of freeman maple cuttage and seedling culture method and special root-growing agent, for the cuttage and seedling culture of freeman maple from now on provides technical support.
Claims (3)
1. a freeman maple cuttage and seedling culture method, is characterized in that:
In 6 ~ July, so that in cutting orchard, freeman maple current-year branch is for fringe material, branch is cut into single stem segment, and single stem segment lower cut dips in or is coated with root-growing agent, and single stem segment lower cut end inserts matrix 3cm ~ 4cm, by the matrix around real stem section after inserting, waters permeable; Cutting medium is thin river sand: perlite=1:1 ~ 3:1, root-growing agent take talcum powder as attachment, 1kg talcum powder adds 2g ~ 8gABT1,0.4L ~ 0.6L absolute ethyl alcohol, 10g ~ 20g sucrose and 0.5L water, cuttage bedcover transparent plastic shed props up 1 ~ 2 layer of shading screen, intensity of illumination 1000 μm of olm in temperature 20 DEG C ~ 32 DEG C, plastic canopy in control plastic canopy
-2s
-1~ 1500 μm of olm
-2s
-1, water 2 water every day;
After cuttage rooting, be transplanted into and turfy soil is housed: in the container for plant growth of perlite=3:1 ~ 5:1, be incubated in greenhouse, the spring in next year is colonizated in ground, garden;
Described cutting orchard is with 1 year raw freeman maple cuttage seeding for material builds garden, April, before cuttage seeding is not sprouted, selects loosing soil, ground, well-drained garden, executes the pig manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed as base manure, dark 10cm ~ 12cm, thick 2cm ~ 3cm, wide 8cm ~ 10cm; Adopt ridge planting, spacing in the rows 1.2m, line-spacing 0.5m, stay 2 coppice shoots, the stump when coppice shoot reaches 40cm ~ 60cm on the 1st year, stay 1 ~ 2 stem section in coppice shoot base portion, 4 ~ 6 healthy and strong branches of later selecting and remain every year, and stump method was with the 1st year;
Described plastic canopy surrounding takes 1 ~ 2 layer of shading screen, high 2m ~ 3m, wide and long respectively wider than cutting bed 0.5m ~ 1m;
Described cutting bed gating wind, draining and the good smooth plot of light, build up wide 1.0m ~ 1.5m, the long husky bed do not limit, and bed surrounding common brick brick work, first spreads the thick rubble of 3cm ~ 5cm at the bottom of bed, the thick cutting medium of top layer paving 10cm ~ 15cm; Do the semicircle shed that diameter is husky bedside degree, upper cover transparent plastic cloth;
Described fringe material is cut into single stem segment, long 5cm ~ 7cm, diameter 0.4cm ~ 0.6cm from Section three, the top of branch, stay 2 half leaves, otch is flat nick, is positioned at 1cm ~ 1.5cm on stipes, 4cm ~ 5.5cm under stipes, before cuttage, stem section tap water is clean;
Described container for plant growth volume is 0.8L ~ 1L, and diameter is 10cm ~ 12cm, and seedling of taking root is cultivated in greenhouse, and 2 weeks covers, 1 layer of shading screen after transplanting, controlled light intensity is at 1500 μm of olm
-2s
-1~ 2000 μm of olm
-2s
-1, remove shading screen later and grow under natural lighting; After transplanting, the 1st week every day watered once permeable, watered once permeable every 5d ~ 7d later, and temperature control in greenhouse is at 15 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, and the spring in next year is colonizated in ground, garden.
2. freeman maple cuttage and seedling culture method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: cutting medium is thin river sand: perlite=1:1 ~ 3:1, fully mixes sterilization before cuttage with 0.3% ~ 0.5% potassium permanganate;
Described branch is that robust growth is without damage by disease and insect current-year branch.
3. freeman maple cuttage and seedling culture method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: water 2 water described every day: when every day 9 ~ 10 and 15 ~ 16 time respectively to water a normal temperature permeable.
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| CN109362736B (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2021-06-01 | 辽宁省林业科学研究院 | Rooting agent for cuttage of quercus mongolica and application of rooting agent |
| CN113853959A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2021-12-31 | 湖南食尚康农业股份有限公司 | Cutting seedling method for preserving vitality of cutting of lonicera confusa twig |
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