CN103837468B - A kind of test method detecting end friction effect and antifriction material performance - Google Patents
A kind of test method detecting end friction effect and antifriction material performance Download PDFInfo
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- CN103837468B CN103837468B CN201410072368.9A CN201410072368A CN103837468B CN 103837468 B CN103837468 B CN 103837468B CN 201410072368 A CN201410072368 A CN 201410072368A CN 103837468 B CN103837468 B CN 103837468B
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Abstract
Detect a test method for end friction effect and antifriction material performance, belong to rock mechanics experiment technical field.Test method of the present invention comprises the measuring friction coefficient test of antifriction material and antifriction material test the impact of end friction effect, and wherein antifriction material is divided into again uniaxial loading to test on the impact of end friction effect test and Biaxial stress is tested.The measuring friction coefficient of antifriction material tests the horizontal thrust value that can be applied by true triaxial test machine and vertical pressure value calculates friction factor, is detected the applicability of antifriction material by friction factor; And uniaxial loading test and Biaxial stress test, all can verify the excessive antifriction phenomenon of antifriction material, technician can be helped accurately to understand the impact of end friction effect on test findings.Test method final purpose of the present invention helps person skilled to find more suitably antifriction material, and detect the performance index of this antifriction material, to improve the authenticity of test findings.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rock mechanics experiment technical field, particularly relating to a kind of test method for detecting end friction effect and antifriction material performance between rock sample and pressure-bearing cushion block.
Background technology
In rock mechanics experiment, end friction effect between rock sample and pressure-bearing cushion block can have influence on authenticity and the reliability of test findings, in order to reduce the impact of end friction effect on test findings as much as possible, person skilled by installing the method for antifriction material additional between rock sample and pressure-bearing cushion block, reduce the friction force between rock sample and pressure-bearing cushion block, in order to reduce the impact of end friction effect on test findings.
At present, the best antifriction material of the effect used is poly tetrafluoroethylene, but poly tetrafluoroethylene still also exists a shortcoming that cannot overcome, and there will be the phenomenon of excessive antifriction in loading procedure, and then there is additional profiled bar, cause the reduction of test findings authenticity.
And present stage does not also have a kind of effective method, find more suitably antifriction material in order to help person skilled and detect the performance index of this antifriction material, also cannot effectively help person skilled accurately to understand the impact of end friction effect on test findings.
Summary of the invention
For prior art Problems existing, the invention provides a kind of test method detecting end friction effect, the method can help person skilled to find more suitably antifriction material, and the performance index of this antifriction material can be detected, person skilled is helped accurately to understand the impact of end friction effect on test findings, to improve the authenticity of test findings.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: a kind of test method detecting end friction effect and antifriction material performance, comprises the steps:
Step one: prepare three samples, comprises an irony sample and two rock samples;
Step 2: the non-power section choosing sample sticks foil gauge, foil gauge is distributed in four drift angles of sample non-power section and the middle part of non-power section;
Step 3: before test, need to be connected with outside strain acquirement instrument by foil gauge by wire, the wire one end be wherein connected with foil gauge needs to be welded on foil gauge fixed terminal;
Step 4: choose a kind of antifriction material tested, then prepare some scale coppers, the size of scale copper and the measure-alike of sample loading surface; Wherein antifriction material and scale copper need to be installed between sample and pressure-bearing cushion block, and antifriction material is between pressure-bearing cushion block and scale copper;
Step 6: the measuring friction coefficient test carrying out antifriction material
Before test, prepare two pieces of pressure-bearing cushion blocks and one piece of auxiliary cushion block, the vertical downside first one piece of pressure-bearing cushion block being sent into true triaxial test machine loads on piston, according to the requirement of step 4, antifriction material and scale copper are installed, again sample is placed on this pressure-bearing cushion block, then second piece of pressure-bearing cushion block is placed on sample, between sample with second piece of pressure-bearing cushion block, antifriction material and scale copper are installed in the same requirement according to step 4, control vertical upside and load descent of piston, until pistons end contacts with upside pressure-bearing cushion block, and reinforcing clamps a little;
Delivered to by auxiliary cushion block between side horizontal addload piston and sample, auxiliary cushion block abuts in two pressure-bearing cushion block sidepieces simultaneously, and level of control loads piston and stretches out, until pistons end contacts with auxiliary cushion block withstand auxiliary cushion block;
Control the vertical piston that loads and apply vertical pressure, opposite side horizontal addload piston promotes sample with the speed of 0.03mm/min simultaneously, now can calculate friction factor by horizontal thrust value and vertical pressure value, and by the applicability of test figure determination antifriction material;
Step 7: carry out antifriction material and the impact of end friction effect is tested
(1) uniaxial loading test
Before test, prepare two pieces of pressure-bearing cushion blocks, the vertical downside first one piece of pressure-bearing cushion block being sent into true triaxial test machine loads on piston, according to the requirement of step 4, antifriction material and scale copper are installed, again sample is placed on this pressure-bearing cushion block, then second piece of pressure-bearing cushion block is placed on sample, between sample with second piece of pressure-bearing cushion block, antifriction material and scale copper are installed in the same requirement according to step 4, control vertical upside and load descent of piston, until pistons end contacts with upside pressure-bearing cushion block, and reinforcing clamps a little; Now sample needs the requirement according to step 3, is connected by foil gauge with outside strain acquirement instrument;
In test, control the vertical piston that loads and apply vertical pressure, record the strain value that foil gauge collects simultaneously;
Above-mentioned test does altogether three groups, and an irony sample and two rock sample total Tests one time, analyze the test figure of three kinds of samples, by the excessive antifriction phenomenon of test figure checking antifriction material;
(2) Biaxial stress test
Prepare four pieces of pressure-bearing cushion blocks, two pieces of pressure-bearing cushion blocks are positioned at the upper and lower both sides of sample, and another two pressure-bearing cushion blocks are positioned at sample arranged on left and right sides, clip in true triaxial test machine until sample and pressure-bearing cushion block are all pre-installed; Now installed antifriction material and scale copper between sample and pressure-bearing cushion block, then sample needs the requirement according to step 3, is connected by foil gauge with outside strain acquirement instrument;
In test, first vertical pressure is applied to the vertical piston that loads, under certain pressure value, then transverse pressure is applied to horizontal addload piston, record the strain value that foil gauge gathers simultaneously;
Above-mentioned test does altogether three groups, and an irony sample and two rock sample total Tests one time, analyze the test figure of three kinds of samples, by the excessive antifriction phenomenon of test figure checking antifriction material.
Described uniaxial loading test needs the contrast test of carrying out following three kinds of situations, comprises respectively:
1.. only between upside pressure-bearing cushion block and sample, antifriction material and scale copper are installed;
2.. only between downside pressure-bearing cushion block and sample, antifriction material and scale copper are installed;
3.. completely antifriction material and scale copper are not installed between pressure-bearing cushion block and sample.
Described Biaxial stress test not install the situation of antifriction material and scale copper completely, will carry out a contrast test.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention can help person skilled to find more suitably antifriction material, and can detect the performance index of this antifriction material, helps person skilled accurately to understand the impact of end friction effect on test findings, to improve the authenticity of test findings.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the patch location schematic diagram of foil gauge in embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the friction factor comparison diagram in embodiment under different tests state;
Fig. 3 is stress and strain relationship figure when not installing antifriction material and scale copper in embodiment completely;
Fig. 4 be install in embodiment poly tetrafluoroethylene and and scale copper time stress and strain relationship figure;
Fig. 5 is the sample stress state figure of measuring friction coefficient test in embodiment;
Fig. 6 is the sample stress state figure of uniaxial loading test in embodiment;
Fig. 7 is the sample stress state figure of Biaxial stress test in embodiment;
In figure, 1-foil gauge, 2-sample, 3-pressure-bearing cushion block, 4-antifriction material, 5-auxiliary cushion block, 6-scale copper.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
Described a kind of test method detecting end friction effect and antifriction material performance, comprises the steps:
Step one: need preparation three samples (size of three samples is 50 × 50 × 100mm), specifically comprises an irony sample and two rock samples;
Step 2: the non-power section (being of a size of the face of 50 × 100mm) choosing sample 2 sticks foil gauge 1(foil gauge and is specially three-dimensional foil gauge), the quantity of foil gauge is seven, wherein four drift angles of non-power section are uniformly distributed four foil gauges, other three foil gauges are vertically evenly distributed on the middle part of non-power section, two are positioned at sideline place, one is positioned at non-power section center, and concrete patch location as shown in Figure 1;
Step 3: before test, need by wire, foil gauge to be connected with outside strain acquirement instrument, the wire one end be wherein connected with foil gauge needs to be welded on foil gauge fixed terminal, can prevent from like this contacting with each other between wire in process of the test, wire can also be prevented to be torn because of stressed simultaneously; Again each bar wire is numbered, specifically can marks with label paper;
Step 4: choose a kind of antifriction material tested, then prepare some scale coppers, the size of scale copper and measure-alike (namely size is respectively 50 × 100mm and 50 × 50mm) of sample loading surface;
Antifriction material selected in the present embodiment is stearic acid synthesis low friction compound, stearic acid synthesis low friction compound need be prepared in advance, preparation process is: first prepare a granular stearic acid and a medical ventolin, by stearic acid and vaseline by weight 1: 1 ratio mix in beaker, and then hot water storgae beaker being put into 70 degree heats, until the potpourri in beaker all melts, beaker is put into cold rinse bank cool now rapidly, being separated of stearic acid and vaseline in potpourri process of setting can be prevented, after end to be cooled, milky grease-like lotion can be formed in beaker,
Wherein antifriction material and scale copper need to be installed between sample and pressure-bearing cushion block, and antifriction material is between pressure-bearing cushion block and scale copper;
Antifriction material is for stearic acid synthesis low friction compound in the present embodiment, first stearic acid is synthesized the side that low friction compound lotion spreads upon scale copper uniformly, again the copper sheet being coated with stearic acid synthesis low friction compound is bonded on pressure-bearing cushion block, then pressure-bearing cushion block and sample is sticked together;
Step 6: the measuring friction coefficient test carrying out antifriction material
Before test, need preparation two pieces of pressure-bearing cushion blocks 3 and one piece of auxiliary cushion block 5, the vertical downside first one piece of pressure-bearing cushion block 3 being sent into true triaxial test machine loads on piston, according to the requirement of step 4, antifriction material 4 and scale copper 6 are installed, again sample 2 is placed on this pressure-bearing cushion block 3, then second piece of pressure-bearing cushion block 3 is placed on sample 2, between sample 2 with second piece of pressure-bearing cushion block 3, antifriction material 4 and scale copper 6 are installed in the same requirement according to step 4, control vertical upside and load descent of piston, until pistons end contacts with upside pressure-bearing cushion block 3, and reinforcing clamps a little,
Auxiliary cushion block 5 is delivered between side horizontal addload piston and sample 2, auxiliary cushion block 5 abuts in two pressure-bearing cushion block sidepieces simultaneously, level of control loads piston and stretches out, until pistons end contacts with auxiliary cushion block 5 withstand auxiliary cushion block 5, prevents pressure-bearing cushion block 3 in process of the test from moving horizontally;
Control the vertical piston that loads and apply vertical pressure, opposite side horizontal addload piston promotes sample 2 with the speed of 0.03mm/min simultaneously, sample stress state as shown in Figure 5, now can calculate friction factor by horizontal thrust value and vertical pressure value, and by the applicability of test figure determination antifriction material;
As shown in Figure 2, be respectively and poly tetrafluoroethylene is installed, smear corresponding friction factor comparison diagram measured when stearic acid synthesizes low friction compound and do not install any antifriction material, can find out that the friction factor of stearic acid synthesis low friction compound maintains about 0.02, its antifriction performance is better than poly tetrafluoroethylene;
Step 7: carry out antifriction material and the impact of end friction effect is tested
(1) uniaxial loading test
Before test, need preparation two pieces of pressure-bearing cushion blocks 3, the vertical downside first one piece of pressure-bearing cushion block 3 being sent into true triaxial test machine loads on piston, according to the requirement of step 4, antifriction material 4 and scale copper 6 are installed, again sample is placed on this pressure-bearing cushion block 3, then second piece of pressure-bearing cushion block 3 is placed on sample 2, between sample 2 with second piece of pressure-bearing cushion block 3, antifriction material 4 and scale copper 6 are installed in the same requirement according to step 4, control vertical upside and load descent of piston, until pistons end contacts with upside pressure-bearing cushion block 3, and reinforcing clamps a little; Wherein sample needs the requirement according to step 3, is connected by foil gauge 1 with outside strain acquirement instrument;
In test, control the vertical piston that loads and apply vertical pressure, sample stress state as shown in Figure 6, records the strain value that foil gauge collects simultaneously; Next need the contrast test of carrying out following three kinds of situations, comprise respectively:
1.. only between upside pressure-bearing cushion block and sample, antifriction material and scale copper are installed
2.. only between downside pressure-bearing cushion block and sample, antifriction material and scale copper are installed
3.. completely antifriction material and scale copper are not installed between pressure-bearing cushion block and sample
Above-mentioned test does altogether three groups, and an irony sample and two rock sample total Tests one time, analyze the test figure of three kinds of samples, by the excessive antifriction phenomenon of test figure checking antifriction material;
In the present embodiment, for poly tetrafluoroethylene, the excessive antifriction phenomenon of poly tetrafluoroethylene is verified by this test, as shown in Figure 3, stress and strain relationship figure during for not installing antifriction material and scale copper completely, as shown in Figure 4, for installed poly tetrafluoroethylene and and scale copper time stress and strain relationship figure, the upper and lower end of sample is along with while stress increase as can see from Figure 4, and strain value almost no longer increases, and demonstrates the generation of excessive antifriction phenomenon.
(2) Biaxial stress test
Prepare four pieces of pressure-bearing cushion blocks 3, two pieces of pressure-bearing cushion blocks are positioned at the upper and lower both sides of sample, another two pressure-bearing cushion blocks are positioned at sample arranged on left and right sides, clip in true triaxial test machine until sample 2 and pressure-bearing cushion block 3 are all pre-installed, now antifriction material 4 and scale copper 6 are installed between sample 2 and pressure-bearing cushion block 3, then sample 2 needs the requirement according to step 3, is connected by foil gauge 1 with outside strain acquirement instrument;
In test, first apply vertical pressure to the vertical piston that loads, under certain pressure value, then apply transverse pressure to horizontal addload piston, sample stress state as shown in Figure 7, records the strain value that foil gauge gathers simultaneously; Again not install the situation of antifriction material and scale copper completely, carry out a contrast test;
Above-mentioned test does altogether three groups, an irony sample and two rock sample total Tests one time, analyze the test figure of three kinds of samples, by the excessive antifriction phenomenon of test figure checking antifriction material, and help technician accurately to understand the impact of end friction effect on test findings.
Claims (3)
1. detect a test method for end friction effect and antifriction material performance, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
Step one: prepare three samples, comprises an irony sample and two rock samples;
Step 2: the non-power section choosing sample sticks foil gauge, foil gauge is distributed in four drift angles of sample non-power section and the middle part of non-power section;
Step 3: before test, need to be connected with outside strain acquirement instrument by foil gauge by wire, the wire one end be wherein connected with foil gauge needs to be welded on foil gauge fixed terminal;
Step 4: choose a kind of antifriction material tested, then prepare some scale coppers, the size of scale copper and the measure-alike of sample loading surface; Wherein antifriction material and scale copper need to be installed between sample and pressure-bearing cushion block, and antifriction material is between pressure-bearing cushion block and scale copper;
Step 5: the measuring friction coefficient test carrying out antifriction material
Before test, prepare two pieces of pressure-bearing cushion blocks and one piece of auxiliary cushion block, the vertical downside first one piece of pressure-bearing cushion block being sent into true triaxial test machine loads on piston, according to the requirement of step 4, antifriction material and scale copper are installed, again sample is placed on this pressure-bearing cushion block, then second piece of pressure-bearing cushion block is placed on sample, between sample with second piece of pressure-bearing cushion block, antifriction material and scale copper are installed in the same requirement according to step 4, control vertical upside and load descent of piston, until pistons end contacts with upside pressure-bearing cushion block, and reinforcing clamps a little;
Delivered to by auxiliary cushion block between side horizontal addload piston and sample, auxiliary cushion block abuts in two pressure-bearing cushion block sidepieces simultaneously, and level of control loads piston and stretches out, until pistons end contacts with auxiliary cushion block withstand auxiliary cushion block;
Control the vertical piston that loads and apply vertical pressure, opposite side horizontal addload piston promotes sample with the speed of 0.03mm/min simultaneously, now calculates friction factor by horizontal thrust value and vertical pressure value, and by the applicability of test figure determination antifriction material;
Step 6: carry out antifriction material and the impact of end friction effect is tested
(1) uniaxial loading test
Before test, prepare two pieces of pressure-bearing cushion blocks, the vertical downside first one piece of pressure-bearing cushion block being sent into true triaxial test machine loads on piston, according to the requirement of step 4, antifriction material and scale copper are installed, again sample is placed on this pressure-bearing cushion block, then second piece of pressure-bearing cushion block is placed on sample, between sample with second piece of pressure-bearing cushion block, antifriction material and scale copper are installed in the same requirement according to step 4, control vertical upside and load descent of piston, until pistons end contacts with upside pressure-bearing cushion block, and reinforcing clamps a little; Now sample needs the requirement according to step 3, is connected by foil gauge with outside strain acquirement instrument;
In test, control the vertical piston that loads and apply vertical pressure, record the strain value that foil gauge collects simultaneously;
Above-mentioned test does altogether three groups, and an irony sample and two rock sample total Tests one time, analyze the test figure of three kinds of samples, by the excessive antifriction phenomenon of test figure checking antifriction material;
(2) Biaxial stress test
Prepare four pieces of pressure-bearing cushion blocks, two pieces of pressure-bearing cushion blocks are positioned at the upper and lower both sides of sample, and another two pressure-bearing cushion blocks are positioned at sample arranged on left and right sides, clip in true triaxial test machine until sample and pressure-bearing cushion block are all pre-installed; Now installed antifriction material and scale copper between sample and pressure-bearing cushion block, then sample needs the requirement according to step 3, is connected by foil gauge with outside strain acquirement instrument;
In test, first vertical pressure is applied to the vertical piston that loads, under certain pressure value, then transverse pressure is applied to horizontal addload piston, record the strain value that foil gauge gathers simultaneously;
Above-mentioned test does altogether three groups, and an irony sample and two rock sample total Tests one time, analyze the test figure of three kinds of samples, by the excessive antifriction phenomenon of test figure checking antifriction material.
2. a kind of test method detecting end friction effect and antifriction material performance according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described uniaxial loading test needs to carry out the contrast test of following three kinds of situations, comprises respectively:
1.. only between upside pressure-bearing cushion block and sample, antifriction material and scale copper are installed;
2.. only between downside pressure-bearing cushion block and sample, antifriction material and scale copper are installed;
3.. completely antifriction material and scale copper are not installed between pressure-bearing cushion block and sample.
3. a kind of test method detecting end friction effect and antifriction material performance according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described Biaxial stress test not install the situation of antifriction material and scale copper completely, will carry out a contrast test.
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| CN101498633A (en) * | 2009-03-11 | 2009-08-05 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Core sample sealing device in true triaxial test |
| CN102539264A (en) * | 2012-02-01 | 2012-07-04 | 燕山大学 | Assessing test machine for tribological properties of high polymer compound material |
| CN102607950A (en) * | 2012-03-05 | 2012-07-25 | 山东科技大学 | Rock shearing seepage coupling true triaxial test system |
| CN202522486U (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-11-07 | 付志亮 | True triaxial rheological test system |
| CN203275270U (en) * | 2013-04-24 | 2013-11-06 | 深圳市怡化电脑有限公司 | Friction performance testing device |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7727049B2 (en) * | 2003-10-31 | 2010-06-01 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Friction sensor for polishing system |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101498633A (en) * | 2009-03-11 | 2009-08-05 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Core sample sealing device in true triaxial test |
| CN202522486U (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-11-07 | 付志亮 | True triaxial rheological test system |
| CN102539264A (en) * | 2012-02-01 | 2012-07-04 | 燕山大学 | Assessing test machine for tribological properties of high polymer compound material |
| CN102607950A (en) * | 2012-03-05 | 2012-07-25 | 山东科技大学 | Rock shearing seepage coupling true triaxial test system |
| CN203275270U (en) * | 2013-04-24 | 2013-11-06 | 深圳市怡化电脑有限公司 | Friction performance testing device |
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