CN103837166B - The remote fiber interference system phase noise inhibition method of optical path difference coupling and device - Google Patents
The remote fiber interference system phase noise inhibition method of optical path difference coupling and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to optical fiber sensing technology, provide remote fiber interference system phase noise inhibition method and the device of a kind of optical path difference coupling, to solve the limited problem increased with phase noise of power input that current remote fiber interference system causes due to stimulated Brillouin effect.The present invention includes single-frequency laser, electro-optic phase modulator, signal source, Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA), Transmission Fibers, coupling interferometer, photodetector, signals collecting and treating apparatus.Single-frequency laser exports light and modulates generation multifrequency laser by electro-optic phase modulator, through Transmission Fibers Input matching interferometer after Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) amplifies, coupling interferometer output signal is processed by Signal acquiring and processing device after photodetector detection.The present invention utilizes phase modulation technique to realize stimulated Brillouin scattering to suppress, and to be mated with interferometer optical path difference by phase modulated signal frequency and reduce system phase noise, improves maximal input and the distance sensing of system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of optical fiber sensing, be specifically related to a kind of remote fiber interference system phase noise inhibition method based on optical path difference coupling and device.
Background technology
Fiber optic interferometric system utilizes measured signal to carry out phase-modulation to the light transmitted in optical fiber, and produces interference signal to realize the detection to signal by interferometer, can be applicable to optical fiber communication and sensory field of optic fibre.Interference-type optical fiber sensing technology based on fiber optic interferometric system has the advantages such as high sensitivity, great dynamic range, electromagnetism interference relative to traditional sensor-based system, achieves widespread use in fields such as underwater sound signal detection, petroleum prospecting, seismic event detections.Along with further developing of this technology, in recent years, interference-type optical fiber sensing technology is just towards large array, remote future development.But the growth of Transmission Fibers distance result in the generation of various nonlinear effect, particularly stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) is because its Low threshold characteristic becomes the most incident nonlinear effect in remote fiber transmission system.When system input power is more than SBS threshold value, fl transmission power shifts to the stokes light of reverse transfers in a large number, causes the sharp increase of reverse transfers Stokes luminous energy, thus limits fl transmission power, and cause the sharply increase of system phase noise.SBS limits remote fiber sensor-based system maximal input, thus limits maximum distance sensing.So SBS suppresses to be the problem must considered in remote fiber sensor-based system.Researchers in the past propose various SBS suppression technology, common comprising adopts change light polarization state (" utilizing stimulated Brillouin scattering restraining device and the method for electrooptical effect ", patent publication No. CN102096267A), change optical fiber doped structure (" suppressing stimulated Brillouin scattering in a fiber ", patent publication No. CN1265199A), change fiber optic temperature and stress distribution (" a kind of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) suppression method for narrow band fiber Raman amplifier ", patent publication No. CN101800396A), phase-modulation (" stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) suppression method and device based on multifrequency phase modulation ", patent publication No. CN101567725A) etc.
Wherein phase modulation technique is because have simple to operate, suppression efficiency advantages of higher and have huge application prospect.This technology is by applying periodic phase modulation signal to produce multifrequency laser to narrow-linewidth single frequency light, the each frequency component power density of transmission light is reduced, thus restrained effectively SBS, phase-modulation amplitude is larger, modulating frequency is larger, more obvious (the Chen.W.andZ.Meng of SBS inhibition, Effectsofmodulationamplitudeandfrequencyoffrequency-modu latedfiberlasersonthethresholdofthestimulatedBrillouinsc atteringinopticalfiber.ChineseOpticsLetters, 2010.8 (12) .1124-1126).In interference-type optical fiber sensor-based system, phase-modulation can suppress the phase noise of SBS and introducing thereof, but simultaneously, the multifrequency laser produced due to phase-modulation also can cause phase noise to increase, which has limited the inhibition (Chen.W.andZ.Meng of phase-modulation to system phase noise, EffectsofphasemodulationusedforSBSsuppressiononphasenois einanopticalfibre.JournalofPhysicsB:Atomic, MolecularandOpticalPhysics, 2011.44 (16) .165402).
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention causes system maximal input low for SBS in existing remote fiber interference system, the problem that phase noise is large, proposes remote fiber interference system phase noise inhibition method and the device of a kind of optical path difference coupling.Utilize electro-optic phase modulator to produce multifrequency laser with the phase noise suppressing SBS and bring at Transmission Fibers input end, realize mating to suppress the phase noise caused by this multifrequency laser with interferometer optical path difference by design electro-optic phase modulator frequency modulating signal.Technical purpose of the present invention is suppress remote fiber interference system phase noise and improve its maximal input.
In order to realize above-mentioned technical purpose, the invention provides the remote fiber interference system phase noise inhibition method of a kind of optical path difference coupling, the method comprises the following steps:
S1. single-frequency laser output single-frequency laser becomes multifrequency laser after electro-optic phase modulator modulation, and the modulation signal being applied to described electro-optic phase modulator is applied by Single port by signal source;
S2. multifrequency laser amplifies through Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA);
S3. the multifrequency laser that Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) exports transmits via Transmission Fibers;
S4. the output light Input matching interferometer of Transmission Fibers, in coupling interferometer, transmission light is subject to the modulation realization sensing to measured signal of measured signal, and signal source Two-port netwerk applies modulation signal and is used for realizing measured signal demodulation (PGC demodulation) to produce phase carrier signal to coupling interferometer modulation port;
S5. the output optical signal mating interferometer is converted to electric signal through output terminal input photodetector;
S6. the electric signal that photodetector exports is gathered by Signal acquiring and processing device and processes;
It is characterized in that: the modulation signal angular frequency being applied to described electro-optic phase modulator by signal source and the described product mating the transmission time delay difference Δ t of interferometer two-arm interfering beam are the integral multiple of 2 π.
Preferably, the single-frequency laser that described single-frequency laser exports can be pulse laser or continuous laser.
Preferably, the modulation signal being applied to electro-optic phase modulator is single-frequency harmonic signal or multifrequency modulation signal, and its frequency is close or be greater than optical fiber Brillouin gain bandwidth (GB).
Present invention also offers the remote fiber interference system phase noise reduction device of a kind of optical path difference coupling, comprise single-frequency laser, electro-optic phase modulator, signal source, Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA), Transmission Fibers, coupling interferometer, photodetector, signals collecting and treating apparatus.
The output port of single-frequency laser is through the input port of Fiber connection to electro-optic phase modulator, the output port of electro-optic phase modulator is through the input port of Fiber connection to Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA), the output port of Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) is connected to the input port of Transmission Fibers, the output port of Transmission Fibers is connected to the input port of coupling interferometer, the output port of coupling interferometer is by the input port of Fiber connection to photodetector, the output port of photodetector is connected to the input port of described signals collecting and treating apparatus, the Single port of signal source is connected to electro-optic phase modulator modulation port, Two-port netwerk is connected to the modulation port of coupling interferometer, the modulation port of coupling interferometer is wound with piezoceramics crystal (PZT), produce phase carrier signal.
Preferably, described single-frequency laser is tunable single frequency laser or untunable single-frequency laser.
Preferably, described Transmission Fibers is single-mode fiber or polarization maintaining optical fibre.
Preferably, described coupling interferometer is non-equilibrium Michelson interferometer, unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
Preferably, described photodetector is low noise narrow bandwidth of light electric explorer, and its optical fiber Brillouin gain bandwidth (GB) is less than the frequency modulating signal being applied to described electro-optic phase modulator.
Technique effect of the present invention is: the method for employing phase-modulation inhibits the SBS in remote fiber interference system, the phase noise that the multifrequency laser that inhibit phase-modulation to produce by the matched design between electro-optic phase modulator modulating frequency and interferometer optical path difference causes.Generally speaking, inhibit the SBS in remote fiber interference system, reduce the phase noise of system, and maximal input and the transmission range of system can be improved.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
In figure: 1 is single-frequency laser, 2 is electro-optic phase modulator, and 3 is signal source, 4 is Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA), and 5 is Transmission Fibers, and 6 is coupling interferometer, 7 is photodetector, and 8 is signals collecting and treating apparatus, is a kind of exemplary block diagram of coupling interferometer in dotted line frame.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1, the invention will be further described:
See Fig. 1, the present invention is by single-frequency laser 1, and electro-optic phase modulator 2, signal source 3, Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) 4, Transmission Fibers 5, coupling interferometer 6, photodetector 7, signals collecting and treating apparatus 8 form.The output port 11 of single-frequency laser 1 is through the input port 21 of Fiber connection to electro-optic phase modulator 2, the output port 22 of electro-optic phase modulator 2 is through the input port 41 of Fiber connection to Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) 4, the output port 42 of Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) 4 is connected to the input port 51 of Transmission Fibers 5, the output port 52 of Transmission Fibers 5 is connected to the input port 61 of coupling interferometer 6, the output port 62 of coupling interferometer 6 is by the input port 71 of Fiber connection to photodetector 7, the output port 72 of photodetector 7 is connected to the input port 81 of signals collecting and treating apparatus 8, the Single port 31 of signal source 3 is connected to electro-optic phase modulator modulation port, the Two-port netwerk 32 of signal source 3 is connected to the modulation port of coupling interferometer, this modulation port is wound with piezoceramics crystal (PZT).
Embodiment is as follows:
Step one: operation wavelength is input in electro-optic phase modulator 2 at the single-frequency laser that the single-frequency laser 1 of 1550nm produces and carries out phase-modulation, obtain multifrequency laser, the modulation signal of phase-modulator is applied by the Single port 31 of signal source 3, and conditioning signal source can change frequency and the amplitude of modulation signal;
Step 2: the multifrequency laser input Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) 4 produced through modulation amplifies, by regulating the output power of the gain-adjusted Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) 4 of Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) 4;
Step 3: the multifrequency laser that Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) 4 exports is input to Transmission Fibers 5 and transmits;
Step 4: the output light of Transmission Fibers 5 is through mating the input port 61 Input matching interferometer 6 of interferometer 6, and the modulation that in coupling interferometer 6, transmission light is subject to measured signal realizes the sensing of measured signal;
Described coupling interferometer 6 can be non-equilibrium Michelson fiber-optic interferometer or non-equilibrium Fiber-optic Mach-Zehnder Interferometer, one arm of described coupling interferometer 6 modulation port is wound with piezoceramics crystal (PZT), by the Two-port netwerk 32 of signal source 3, for phase place, carrier wave demodulation is produced to the phase carrier signal that described PZT applying frequency is 32kHz.Coupling interferometer 6 condition that must meet is: the modulation signal angular frequency being applied to described electro-optic phase modulator 2 by signal source 3 and the described product mating the transmission time delay difference Δ t of interferometer 6 two-arm interfering beam are the integral multiple of 2 π.
Step 5: the output optical signal of coupling interferometer 6 inputs photodetector 7 through output port 62 and is converted to analog electrical signal.
Step 6: the electric signal that photodetector 7 exports is gathered by Signal acquiring and processing device 8 and processes.
Signal acquiring and processing device comprises Data Acquisition Card and computing machine, and the analog electrical signal that photodetector 7 exports is converted to digital signal by Data Acquisition Card, utilizes signal handler to realize the demodulation of transducing signal on computers.
Core of the present invention is the phase-modulation utilizing electro-optic phase modulator, and to be mated with interferometer two-arm optical path difference by the modulating frequency of modulation signal and realize SBS and system phase squelch.
Below the principle that optical path difference coupling suppresses remote fiber interference system phase noise:
Single-frequency laser exports single-frequency laser E
1expression formula is:
Wherein E
0for light field amplitude, ω
0for light wave angular frequency,
for laser frequency and phase jitter.For simplicity, for single-frequency phase-modulation derivation phase noise reduction principle.
Carry out exporting multifrequency laser E after single-frequency phase phase-modulation through electro-optic phase modulator
2expression formula be:
Wherein E
10for through phase-modulator output light field amplitude, ω
mfor being applied to the signal angular frequency of electro-optic phase modulator, A is degree of modulation, A=V π/V
π, wherein V is modulation signal voltage amplitude, V
πfor electro-optic phase modulator half-wave voltage.Suppose that two-arm light intensity is equal, then interferometer two-arm light field E
3, E
4can be expressed as:
Wherein E
01interfere arm light field amplitude for each after interferometer, Δ t is interferometer two-arm time delay, and the relation between itself and interfering beam optical path difference is Δ t=Δ L/c, and wherein Δ L is interferometer two-arm optical path difference, and c is the light velocity.
Because output signal optical frequency item shows as DC terms, then interferometer output light field E after detector detection
outcan be expressed as:
Wherein E
tfor interferometer output light field amplitude.Make C=Asin (ω
mΔ t/2), (4) formula Bessel's function launches to be expressed as:
Wherein J
n(C) be the first kind n rank Bessel's function (n is integer) of C.Can find out that output light field is angular frequency by (5) formula
minteger harmonics item be added.Because the modulation signal modulating frequency being applied to electric light phase-modulation is close or be greater than brillouin gain bandwidth (representative value is tens megahertzes), the detector of employing narrow bandwidth can filtering ω
mnon-zero frequency multiplication item, then current signal I can be expressed as:
Wherein σ is detective quantum efficiency,
for phase noise item, σ J
0(Asin (ω
mΔ t/2) be signal amplitude.According to the theory (Gordon of Gordon and Mollenauer, J.P.andL.F.Mollenauer, Phasenoiseinphotoniccommunicationssystemsusinglinearampl ifiers.Opticsletters, 1990.15 (23) .1351-1353), phase noise can be transformed by intensity noise, and transforming relationship is:
Wherein
for phase noise variance, Q is Optical Signal To Noise Ratio, and its corresponding relative intensity noise reciprocal, then from (7) formula, signal amplitude is larger, and signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) is higher, and phase noise is less, and vice versa.
From (6) formula, work as ω
mΔ t equals the odd-multiple of π, and signal amplitude reaches minimal value, and now phase noise reaches maximum value; Work as ω
mwhen Δ t equals 2 π integral multiple, signal amplitude reaches maximum value, and phase noise reaches minimal value, the phase noise that the multifrequency laser that now simultaneously inhibit SBS and the phase noise caused and phase-modulation thereof to produce causes, and the phase noise of system obtains effective suppression.
Although describe the present invention in detail with reference to above-described embodiment, should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments.For the technician of this professional domain, various change can be carried out to its form and details.This invention is intended to the various modification contained in the spirit and scope of appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. a remote fiber interference system phase noise inhibition method for optical path difference coupling, the method comprises the following steps:
S1. single-frequency laser (1) output single-frequency laser becomes multifrequency laser after electro-optic phase modulator (2) modulation, and the modulation signal being applied to described electro-optic phase modulator (2) is applied by Single port (31) by signal source (3);
S2. multifrequency laser amplifies through Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) (4);
S3. the multifrequency laser that Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) (4) exports transmits via Transmission Fibers (5);
S4. output light Input matching interferometer (6) of Transmission Fibers (5), in coupling interferometer (6), transmission light is subject to the modulation realization sensing to measured signal of measured signal, and signal source (3) Two-port netwerk (32) applies modulation signal and is used for realizing measured signal demodulation to produce phase carrier signal to coupling interferometer (6) modulation port;
S5. mate light signal input photodetector (7) that interferometer (6) exports and be converted to electric signal;
S6. the electric signal that photodetector (7) exports is gathered by Signal acquiring and processing device (8) and is processed;
It is characterized in that: the modulation signal angular frequency being applied to described electro-optic phase modulator (2) by signal source (3) by Single port (31) and the described product mating the transmission time delay difference Δ t of interferometer (6) two-arm interfering beam are the integral multiple of 2 π.
2. according to claim 1 optical path difference coupling remote fiber interference system phase noise inhibition method, it is characterized in that: the single-frequency laser that described single-frequency laser (1) exports is pulse laser or continuous laser.
3. according to claim 1 optical path difference coupling remote fiber interference system phase noise inhibition method, it is characterized in that: the modulation signal being applied to electro-optic phase modulator (2) is single-frequency harmonic signal or multifrequency modulation signal, its frequency is close or be greater than optical fiber Brillouin gain bandwidth (GB).
4. a remote fiber interference system phase noise reduction device for optical path difference coupling, is characterized in that: comprise single-frequency laser (1), electro-optic phase modulator (2), signal source (3), Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) (4), Transmission Fibers (5), coupling interferometer (6), photodetector (7), signals collecting and treating apparatus (8);
The output port (11) of described single-frequency laser (1) is through the input port (21) of Fiber connection to electro-optic phase modulator (2), the output port (22) of electro-optic phase modulator (2) is through the input port (41) of Fiber connection to Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) (4), the output port (42) of Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) (4) is connected to the input port (51) of Transmission Fibers (5), the output port (52) of Transmission Fibers (5) is connected to the input port (61) of coupling interferometer (6), the output port (62) of coupling interferometer (6) is through the input port (71) of Fiber connection to photodetector (7), the output port (72) of photodetector (7) is connected to the input port (81) of described signals collecting and treating apparatus (8), signal source (3) is connected to the modulation port of electro-optic phase modulator (2) by Single port (31), the modulation port of coupling interferometer (6) is connected to by Two-port netwerk (32), the modulation port of coupling interferometer (6) is wound with piezoceramics crystal.
5. according to claim 4 optical path difference coupling remote fiber interference system phase noise reduction device, it is characterized in that: described single-frequency laser (1) is tunable single frequency laser or untunable single-frequency laser.
6. according to claim 4 optical path difference coupling remote fiber interference system phase noise reduction device, it is characterized in that: described Transmission Fibers (5) is single-mode fiber or polarization maintaining optical fibre.
7. according to claim 4 optical path difference coupling remote fiber interference system phase noise reduction device, it is characterized in that: described coupling interferometer (6) is non-equilibrium Michelson interferometer, unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
8. according to claim 4 optical path difference coupling remote fiber interference system phase noise reduction device, it is characterized in that: described photodetector (7) is less than the frequency modulating signal being applied to described electro-optic phase modulator (2) by signal source (3) for low noise narrow bandwidth of light electric explorer, its optical fiber Brillouin gain bandwidth (GB).
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| CN106556415A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2017-04-05 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Laser phase noise elimination apparatus, system and method |
| CN106768398A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-05-31 | 长沙聚宇光电科技有限公司 | The method of testing and device of a kind of source phase noise |
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| CN109631962B (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2020-12-04 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Multi-frequency carrier polarization modulation and demodulation system and method based on PGC scheme |
| CN109884704A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-06-14 | 潜能恒信能源技术股份有限公司 | A kind of device and method for eliminating optical fiber detector system noise |
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| CN114353836B (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-09-09 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Method for suppressing multiplicative intensity noise in optical fiber sensing system 3X 3 signal detection |
| CN115235519B (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2024-06-21 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Optical fiber sensing and demodulation method and device based on electro-optic phase modulator |
| CN116907627B (en) * | 2023-09-13 | 2023-12-19 | 之江实验室 | Optical path difference auxiliary-based large dynamic range distributed phase sensing method and device |
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| CN101567725A (en) * | 2008-04-21 | 2009-10-28 | 于健伟 | Method and device for inhibiting stimulated Brillouin scattering based on multiple frequency phase modulation |
| CN101800396A (en) * | 2010-02-03 | 2010-08-11 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) suppression method for narrow band fiber Raman amplifier |
| US9252559B2 (en) * | 2012-07-10 | 2016-02-02 | Honeywell International Inc. | Narrow bandwidth reflectors for reducing stimulated Brillouin scattering in optical cavities |
| CN103090894A (en) * | 2013-01-10 | 2013-05-08 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Distributed optical fiber sensing device and method based on Brillouin Er-doped fiber laser |
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