CN103835709A - Simulation experiment method for thickened oil thermal recovery reservoir layer fracture - Google Patents
Simulation experiment method for thickened oil thermal recovery reservoir layer fracture Download PDFInfo
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- CN103835709A CN103835709A CN201410103657.0A CN201410103657A CN103835709A CN 103835709 A CN103835709 A CN 103835709A CN 201410103657 A CN201410103657 A CN 201410103657A CN 103835709 A CN103835709 A CN 103835709A
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Abstract
The invention provides a simulation experiment method for thickened oil thermal recovery reservoir layer fracture, and belongs to the field of thickened oil thermal recovery development. The simulation experiment method comprises the steps that experiment rock samples are manufactured, nondestructive testing is carried out on the experiment rock samples before an experiment, the detected experiment rock samples are installed in a high-pressure bearing cylinder, the experiment rock samples are heated through a heating pipe, reservoir layer fracture sound transmission signals are collected in the heating process, and nondestructive testing is carried out on the experiment rock samples after the experiment. According to the simulation experiment method, true thickened oil reservoir coring and cement mortar wrapping layer are mixed to be poured to serve as the experiment rock samples, and the mechanical property of rocks of the actual oil reservoir is more truly reflected. The actual reservoir layer three-directional crustal stress state is loaded through a true tri-axial stress loading device. The actual thickened oil thermal recovery high-temperature thermal process is simulated through a temperature loading control device. The simulation experiment method is convenient to operate and high in practicability, and provides reliable study means for reservoir layer fracture caused by thickened oil thermal recovery and crack expanding mechanism study.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to heavy crude heat extraction development field, be specifically related to the analogue experiment method that a kind of heavy crude heat extraction reservoir breaks.
Background technology
China has abundant viscous crude resource, and oil recovery by heating is the important way of current viscous crude development of resources, and it heats viscous crude by heat energy carrier is injected to oil reservoir, reduces viscosity of crude, improves crude oil flow ability, thereby improves crude output and recovery ratio.In heavy crude heat extraction process, high temperature heat is injected and is caused that in reservoir, temperature, pressure increase considerably, and viscosity of crude reduces; Pore-fluid and rock stratum skeleton are heated non-homogeneous expansion occur, and cause reservoir produce distortion and break.Reservoir failure mechanism and fracture propagation process in research heavy crude heat extraction process, dynamic for true description heavy crude heat extraction reservoir exploitation, Optimal Parameters technique has important directive significance.
Under Study of The Underground hot conditions, the experimental facilities of the variation of rock sample physical parameter and rupture process and method are mainly with under confined pressure condition at present, and rock sample test specimen high temperature entirety thermal analysis is main; It is to be subject to pit shaft localized hyperthermia load and anisotropically stress two aspect coupling factor co-controllings of three-dimensional that heavy crude heat extraction reservoir breaks, research is mainly taking numerical reservoir simulation method as main at present, lack analogue experiment installation and method that relevant heavy crude heat extraction reservoir breaks, cannot carry out authentic and valid evaluation to the actual heavy crude heat extraction reservoir situation of breaking, thereby become the difficulties of current heavy crude heat extraction development field.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present invention proposes the analogue experiment method that a kind of heavy crude heat extraction reservoir breaks, the method is by loading the geostatic stress of three directions to experiment rock sample, in experiment rock sample pit shaft, load hot conditions, compound stress under different temperatures, geostatic stress condition in real simulation heavy crude heat extraction process, gather reservoir break information network analysis heavy crude heat extraction reservoir rupture mechanism, for theoretical research and the engineering design optimization of heavy crude heat extraction injection-production program provide experiment basis.
Technical solution of the present invention comprises:
The analogue experiment method that heavy crude heat extraction reservoir breaks, comprises the following steps:
The preparation of a, experiment rock sample: choose oil reservoir and get core, get the peripheral joints cement mortar of core integument at oil reservoir, described oil reservoir is got core and is occupy center, experiment rock sample is cubic, in experiment rock sample end face center, uncased wellbore is set downwards, to make following processing for the thermocouple temperature sensor that connects temperature acquisition controller, described thermocouple temperature sensor is embedded on cement mortar integument predeterminated position;
B, preparing experiment hardware: Experimental Hardware comprises true triaxial stress charger, temperature acquisition control device, industrial chromatography scanned imagery device and Acoustic radiating instrument, and described temperature acquisition control device comprises temperature acquisition controller, thermocouple temperature sensor and heating tube;
C, the experiment rock sample that step a is made are put into industrial chromatography scanned imagery device, gather the internal fissure distribution map of this experiment rock sample, as image one;
D, meet step c, experiment rock sample is placed in the high pressure pressure-bearing cylinder of above-mentioned true triaxial stress charger, above-mentioned Acoustic radiating instrument is connected to multiple acoustic emission probes, all acoustic emission probes
arrangein the periphery of cement mortar integument; Above-mentioned heating tube is inserted in described uncased wellbore, and the annular space place between described uncased wellbore and heating tube is pressed into heat transfer medium; Said temperature is gathered to controller and connect above-mentioned heating tube and thermocouple temperature sensor; Then enter step e;
E, start true triaxial stress charger, apply respectively different pressures to three different directions of experiment rock sample outer space; Then enter step f;
F, by above-mentioned heating tube, experiment rock sample uncased wellbore is heated, meanwhile open Acoustic radiating instrument, described heating tube is controlled by temperature acquisition controller, 50 DEG C of the every risings of temperature acquisition controller design temperature, be incubated 1 hour, so slowly raise until heating-up temperature is 350 DEG C; Described Acoustic radiating instrument utilizes acoustic emission probe collection, stores current signal, as signal one;
G, when uncased wellbore temperature reaches 350 DEG C, be incubated after 2 hours, stop heating, now Acoustic radiating instrument by acoustic emission probe collection, store current signal, as signal two, return to room temperature until collect temperature in wellbore, stop experiment;
H, taking-up experiment rock sample, be positioned in industrial chromatography scanning imaging instrument, gathers the internal fissure distribution map of experiment rock sample after high temperature loads, as image two;
J, utilize above-mentioned acoustic signals one, acoustic signals two, image one and image two, carry out researching and analysing that further heavy crude heat extraction reservoir breaks.
The useful technique effect that the present invention brings:
The present invention proposes the analogue experiment method that a kind of heavy crude heat extraction reservoir breaks, compared with prior art, its adopted true viscous crude heavy crude reservoir get core mix with cement mortar integument build as experiment rock sample, this experiment rock sample is cube, compare with experiment rock sample of the prior art, it has reflected the mechanical properties of rock of actual oil reservoir more really;
Adopt true triaxial stress charger to apply respectively different pressures by high pressure pressure-bearing cylinder to three directions of experiment rock sample outer space, the geostatic stress state of the actual heavy crude reservoir of more real reflection;
Adopt the thermal procession of the actual note of temperature add load control simulation high temperature; Undertaken experiment rock sample pit shaft spot heating by heating tube, by heat transfer medium, heat is transferred to experiment rock sample, by being arranged at the experiment rock sample shaft in wall nearly well bore wall of thermocouple temperature sensor probe detection place temperature, change by temperature acquisition controller displays temperature, and according to probe temperature control heating tube power switch, reach the effect of controlling temperature;
Adopt the reservoir under Acoustic radiating instrument monitoring analysis heavy crude reservoir thermal condition and geostatic stress compound action to break and fracture propagation feature; Adopt industrial chromatography scanned imagery device, gather the internal fissure distributed image variation characteristic of experiment rock sample experiment front and back; Adopt Acoustic radiating instrument to monitor the mode of being combined with industrial chromatography scanned imagery device, can be under the prerequisite of not artificial destruction experiment rock sample, reservoir Surface Rupture Events is positioned, and the inner different aspects fractue spacing section of the experiment rock sample obtaining according to industrial chromatography scanned imagery device, carry out three-dimensional cracking distribution and rebuild research.
Analogue experiment method of the present invention is easy to operate, practical, and the reservoir causing for heavy crude heat extraction breaks and fracture propagation mechanism research provides reliable research means.
Brief description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is done to further clear, complete explanation:
Fig. 1 is the longitudinal sectional drawing of the analogue experiment installation that breaks of heavy crude heat extraction reservoir of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the analogue experiment installation part-structure schematic diagram that heavy crude heat extraction reservoir of the present invention breaks;
In figure, 1, top cover; 2, rigidity upper padding plate; 3, high pressure pressure-bearing cylinder; 4, hydraulic pressure side top board; 5, acoustic emission probe; 6, cement mortar integument; 7, heavy crude reservoir is got core; 8, heat transfer medium; 9, heating tube; 10, hydraulic pressure bottom upper plate; 11, hydraulic pressure injects pipeline; 12, acoustic emission signal line; 13, insulated electric conductor; 14, thermocouple data circuit; 15, temperature acquisition controller; 16, Acoustic radiating instrument; 17, thermocouple temperature sensor; 18, rigidity side backing plate; 19, multi-channel hydraulic servo controller.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of analogue experiment method breaking for heavy crude heat extraction reservoir, in order to make advantage of the present invention, technical scheme clearer, clear and definite, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is done to further clear, complete explanation.
The analogue experiment installation breaking for heavy crude heat extraction reservoir, comprises experiment rock sample, true triaxial stress charger, temperature add load control and acoustic emission monitor(ing) device.
Above-mentioned true triaxial stress charger comprises that high pressure pressure-bearing cylinder 3, multi-channel hydraulic servo controller 19 and connected hydraulic pressure inject pipeline 11, high pressure pressure-bearing cylinder 3 is similar with the structure of prior art high pressure pressure-bearing cylinder, comprises top cover 1, hydraulic pressure side top board 4, hydraulic pressure bottom upper plate 10, rigidity upper padding plate 2 and rigidity side backing plate 18; Experiment rock sample is fixedly installed in the center of hydraulic pressure bottom upper plate 10, experiment two relative sides of rock sample contact with hydraulic pressure side top board 4 and rigidity side backing plate 18, and it can be understood as experiment two relative sides of rock sample and is resisted against on hydraulic pressure side top board and rigidity side backing plate;
Multi-channel hydraulic servo controller 19 pressure control range 0～30MPa, multi-channel hydraulic servo controller 19 injects pipeline 11 by hydraulic pressure and is connected with above-mentioned hydraulic pressure bottom upper plate 10, both sides hydraulic pressure side top board 4 respectively, three, space direction to experiment rock sample outside applies respectively different pressures, can simulate the three-dimensional geostatic stress state within heavy crude reservoir well depth 1500m;
Temperature add load control comprises heating tube 9, thermocouple temperature sensor 17 and temperature acquisition controller 15, heating tube 9 diameter 8mm, length 60～90mm, power 150W～400W, be placed in experiment rock sample uncased wellbore, be connected with temperature acquisition controller 15 by insulated electric conductor 13, for the temperature in Heating Experiment rock sample uncased wellbore; Thermocouple temperature sensor 17, temperature measurement range is-50 DEG C-500 DEG C, is arranged in the experiment nearly well bore wall of rock sample place, is connected, for the temperature at the nearly pit shaft of experiments of measuring rock sample place by thermocouple data circuit 14 with temperature acquisition controller 15; Temperature acquisition controller 15 is for showing and controlling temperature in uncased wellbore; Annular space region in the middle of experiment rock sample open hole well barrel and heating tube is pressed into sodium chloride as annular space place heat transfer medium 8;
Acoustic emission monitor(ing) device is made up of acoustic emission probe 5, acoustic emission signal line 12 and Acoustic radiating instrument 16, acoustic emission probe 5 is provided with four, be separately positioned on experiment two relative level sides of rock sample, for corresponding sound emission ring rate and the specific energy of different temperatures scope in monitoring record uncased wellbore, and locate the locus of breakdown point, analyze experiment rock sample Surface Rupture Events and fracture propagation rule.
Shown in Fig. 2, the present invention tests rock sample and gets core 7 by cement mortar integument 6 and heavy crude reservoir and mix to build and form, and experiment rock sample end face center has the vertical centre bore of a diameter 10mm, long 90mm, as simulating uncased wellbore; Heavy crude reservoir gets that core 7 appearance are irregular and size is less, the standard-sized cube difficulty that is processed into requirement of experiment is larger, the present invention adopts heavy crude reservoir to get 6 removals of the outside casting cement mortar of core integument and gets wicking surface impact in irregular shape, makes whole experiment rock sample appearance and size meet requirement of experiment.
It is to get core by true heavy crude reservoir to mix to build with cement mortar integument and form that the present invention tests rock sample, and conventional reservoir fracture model experiment rock sample is mainly the mode that adopts artificial casting cement mortar specimen in prior art, the present invention tests rock sample in mixing casting process, true heavy crude reservoir is got core and is placed in experiment rock sample cube center, thermocouple temperature sensor is embedded into design attitude in experiment rock sample, draw thermocouple temperature sensor probe data line, rock sample to be tested maintenance in cement protecting box reaches requirement of strength, adopt diamond bit to drill through uncased wellbore at experiment rock sample end face, the present invention adopts true oil reservoir to get core and simulates, and more approaches the actual heavy crude heat extraction reservoir situation of breaking, and can carry out authentic and valid evaluation to the situation of breaking of actual heavy crude heat extraction reservoir.
The analogue experiment method below heavy crude heat extraction reservoir of the present invention being broken does following explanation:
The present invention, the analogue experiment method that a kind of heavy crude heat extraction reservoir breaks, comprises the following steps:
The preparation of a, experiment rock sample: choose oil reservoir and get core, get the peripheral joints cement mortar of core integument at oil reservoir, described oil reservoir is got core and is occupy center, experiment rock sample is cubic, in experiment rock sample end face center, uncased wellbore is set downwards, to make following processing for the thermocouple temperature sensor that connects temperature acquisition controller, described thermocouple temperature sensor is embedded on cement mortar integument predeterminated position; It is column or semi-spherical shape that above-mentioned oil reservoir is got core, and the present invention is preferably column;
B, preparing experiment hardware: Experimental Hardware comprises true triaxial stress charger, temperature acquisition control device, industrial chromatography scanned imagery device and Acoustic radiating instrument,
C, the experiment rock sample that step a is made are put into industrial chromatography scanned imagery device, gather the internal fissure distribution map of this experiment rock sample, as image one;
D, meet step c, experiment rock sample is placed in the high pressure pressure-bearing cylinder of above-mentioned true triaxial stress charger, above-mentioned Acoustic radiating instrument is connected to multiple acoustic emission probes, all acoustic emission probes
arrangein the periphery of cement mortar integument; Above-mentioned heating tube is inserted in described uncased wellbore, and the annular space place between described uncased wellbore and heating tube is pressed into heat transfer medium; Said temperature is gathered to controller and connect above-mentioned heating tube and thermocouple temperature sensor; Then enter step e;
E, start true triaxial stress charger, apply respectively different pressures to three different directions of experiment rock sample outer space; Then enter step f;
F, by above-mentioned heating tube, experiment rock sample uncased wellbore is heated, meanwhile open Acoustic radiating instrument, described heating tube is controlled by temperature acquisition controller, 50 DEG C of the every risings of temperature acquisition controller design temperature, be incubated 1 hour, so slowly raise until heating-up temperature is 350 DEG C; Described Acoustic radiating instrument utilizes acoustic emission probe collection, stores current signal, as signal one;
G, when uncased wellbore temperature reaches 350 DEG C, be incubated after 2 hours, stop heating, now Acoustic radiating instrument by acoustic emission probe collection, store current signal, as signal two, return to room temperature until collect temperature in wellbore, stop experiment;
H, taking-up experiment rock sample, be positioned in industrial chromatography scanning imaging instrument, gathers the internal fissure distribution map of experiment rock sample after high temperature loads, as image two;
J, utilize above-mentioned acoustic signals one, acoustic signals two, image one and image two, carry out researching and analysing that further heavy crude heat extraction reservoir breaks.
Should be understood that; those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; not departing from the scope situation that the claims in the present invention protect, can also make the various deformation such as replacement, simple combination, request protection domain of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (3)
1. the analogue experiment method that heavy crude heat extraction reservoir breaks, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
The preparation of a, experiment rock sample: choose oil reservoir and get core, get the peripheral joints cement mortar of core integument at oil reservoir, described oil reservoir is got core and is occupy center, experiment rock sample is cubic, in experiment rock sample end face center, uncased wellbore is set downwards, to make following processing for the thermocouple temperature sensor that connects temperature acquisition controller, described thermocouple temperature sensor is embedded on cement mortar integument predeterminated position;
B, preparing experiment hardware: Experimental Hardware comprises true triaxial stress charger, temperature acquisition control device, industrial chromatography scanned imagery device and Acoustic radiating instrument, and described temperature acquisition control device comprises temperature acquisition controller, thermocouple temperature sensor and heating tube;
C, the experiment rock sample that step a is made are put into industrial chromatography scanned imagery device, gather the internal fissure distribution map of this experiment rock sample, as image one;
D, meet step c, experiment rock sample is placed in the high pressure pressure-bearing cylinder of above-mentioned true triaxial stress charger, above-mentioned Acoustic radiating instrument is connected to multiple acoustic emission probes, all acoustic emission probes are arranged in the periphery of cement mortar integument; Above-mentioned heating tube is inserted in described uncased wellbore, and the annular space place between described uncased wellbore and heating tube is pressed into heat transfer medium; Said temperature is gathered to controller and connect above-mentioned heating tube and thermocouple temperature sensor; Then enter step e;
E, start true triaxial stress charger, apply respectively different pressures to three different directions of experiment rock sample outer space; Then enter step f;
F, by above-mentioned heating tube, experiment rock sample uncased wellbore is heated, meanwhile open Acoustic radiating instrument, described heating tube is controlled by temperature acquisition controller, 50 DEG C of the every risings of temperature acquisition controller design temperature, be incubated 1 hour, so slowly raise until heating-up temperature is 350 DEG C; Described Acoustic radiating instrument utilizes acoustic emission probe collection, stores current signal, as signal one;
G, when uncased wellbore temperature reaches 350 DEG C, be incubated after 2 hours, stop heating, now Acoustic radiating instrument by acoustic emission probe collection, store current signal, as signal two, return to room temperature until collect temperature in wellbore, stop experiment;
H, taking-up experiment rock sample, be positioned in industrial chromatography scanning imaging instrument, gathers the internal fissure distribution map of experiment rock sample after high temperature loads, as image two;
J, utilize above-mentioned acoustic signals one, acoustic signals two, image one and image two, carry out researching and analysing that further heavy crude heat extraction reservoir breaks.
2. the analogue experiment method that a kind of heavy crude heat extraction reservoir according to claim 1 breaks, is characterized in that: described heat transfer medium is sodium chloride.
3. analogue experiment method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described acoustic emission probe is provided with four.
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| CN104655495A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-05-27 | 太原理工大学 | High temperature and high pressure coal and rock true triaxial fracturing and seepage test device and test method |
| CN105628506A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-06-01 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Rock fracture simulation sample and preparation method thereof, as well as simulation test device and simulation test method |
| CN106988739A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-07-28 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 | Shale reservoir fracturing fracture identification and interpretation evaluation method |
| CN110782362A (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2020-02-11 | 重庆大学 | Large-scale three-dimensional simulation method for exploiting super-heavy oil reservoir by SAGD technology |
| CN113203798A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-08-03 | 东北大学 | High-temperature and high-pressure resistant acoustic emission device for rock fracture information acquisition |
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| CN110782362A (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2020-02-11 | 重庆大学 | Large-scale three-dimensional simulation method for exploiting super-heavy oil reservoir by SAGD technology |
| CN113203798A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-08-03 | 东北大学 | High-temperature and high-pressure resistant acoustic emission device for rock fracture information acquisition |
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Inventor after: Xue Shifeng Inventor after: Sun Feng Inventor after: Jia Peng Inventor after: Zhu Xiuxing Inventor after: Wang Feifei Inventor after: Wang Haijing Inventor before: Sun Feng Inventor before: Jia Peng Inventor before: Xue Shifeng Inventor before: Zhu Xiuxing Inventor before: Wang Feifei Inventor before: Wang Haijing |
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