CN103835057B - Three-dimensional woven fabric manufacturing method - Google Patents
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- CN103835057B CN103835057B CN201410072655.XA CN201410072655A CN103835057B CN 103835057 B CN103835057 B CN 103835057B CN 201410072655 A CN201410072655 A CN 201410072655A CN 103835057 B CN103835057 B CN 103835057B
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Abstract
The invention provides a three-dimensional woven fabric manufacturing method. The three-dimensional woven fabric manufacturing method is characterized by specifically including: weaving a three-dimensional woven fabric by double weft insertion processing units, wherein in the processes of weaving at least two adjacent layers of the three-dimensional woven fabric, weft yarns in odd levels in one of the weft insertion units are selected as yarns large in diameters while weft yarns in even levels in the same unit are selected as yarns small in diameters, and weft yarns in odd levels of the other weft insertion unit are selected as yarns small in diameters while weft yarns in even levels in the same unit are selected as yarns large in diameters; in the process of weaving, wefts are inserted by the two weft insertion units alternatively, and after vertically bound yarns are interwoven, warps and the wefts are bound to form an integer to form the three-dimensional woven fabric. Spaces in binding directions of the three-dimensional woven fabric are reduced, and capabilities in filtering, electromagnetic shielding and puncture resisting are improved effectively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of manufacture method of three dimensional woven fabrics.
Background technology
Three-dimensional orthogonal woven fabric is a kind of multiply cloth with excellent overall and Interlaminar shear strengths, is widely used in science and techniques of defence, the industrial circles such as advanced composite material manufacture.As shown in Figure 2, in three-dimensional orthogonal woven fabric, warp thread 14 and weft yarn 12 arrange regular, are fettered as a whole by the bundled yarn 13 on thickness direction, and three is mutually orthogonal vertical topography.Because warp thread in three-dimensional orthogonal woven fabric and weft yarn are in straight configuration, what make fabric has very high modulus and brute force through weft direction.The introducing of the bundled yarn of through-thickness, makes the brute force in fabric thickness direction and toughness significantly improve, also plays the effect of anti-layering simultaneously.Compared with traditional two-dimensional fabric laminate, three dimensional fabric is at structural integrity, and the aspect such as delamination resistance and structural homogeneity all has obvious advantage.These advantages make three-dimensional orthogonal woven fabric become the ideal material of composite material reinforcement body and various protective materials.But as shown in Figure 2, in three-dimensional orthogonal woven fabric, the intertexture of bundled yarn 13 makes it there is obvious vertical passage 11 in a thickness direction.These vertical passages make three-dimensional orthogonal fabric be subject to appreciable impact in the physical barrier performance of thickness direction.In fields such as electromagnetic wave proof, bulletproof anti-puncturing and particle filterings, often require that fabric construction is fine and close and thickness direction can not have obvious space.And the vertical passage in three-dimensional orthogonal woven fabric, make it meet the demands, limit its application in above field.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of manufacture method of three dimensional woven fabrics, the method makes the weft yarn of the different number of plies in three dimensional fabric be interspersed at fabric, engages each other.Namely gained fabric has excellent globality and Interlaminar shear strengths, have and there is excellent physical barrier performance, thus expand the range of application of three-dimensional woven fabric, solve the application problem of three-dimensional woven fabric in fields such as bulletproof anti-puncturing, electromagnetic wave proof and dust-filterings, and simple to operate, be suitable for suitability for industrialized production.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides a kind of manufacture method of three dimensional woven fabrics, it is characterized in that, concrete steps comprise: adopt two weft insertion technique device weaving three-dimensional woven fabric; Wherein, when weaving described three dimensional woven fabrics adjacent at least two-layer, odd-level weft yarn in one of them weft inserting apparatus is chosen for the thicker yarn of diameter, even level weft yarn is chosen for the thinner yarn of diameter, odd-level weft yarn in another weft inserting apparatus is chosen for the thinner yarn of diameter, and even level weft yarn is chosen for the thicker yarn of diameter; Or the odd-level weft yarn bar of one of them weft inserting apparatus is connected yarn, and even level weft yarn bar is vacant, and in another weft inserting apparatus, odd-level weft yarn bar is vacant, even level weft yarn bar connects yarn; Or, the weft yarn of the odd-level in two weft inserting apparatuss and even level is chosen for profile yarns; In weaving process, two weft inserting apparatuss replace wefting insertion, fetter as a whole, be three dimensional woven fabrics after vertical bundled yarn interweaves by warp thread and weft yarn.
Preferably, described two weft insertion technique devices are have the three-dimensional orthogonal loom of two weft inserting apparatus or have the two-dimensional loom of many weft insertion devices.Two weft inserting apparatuss of the woven barrier fabric of described weaving three-dimensional, can be arranged on three-dimensional loom both sides, also can be arranged on three-dimensional loom the same side.
Preferably, described profile yarns is bulk yarn, twist yarn or air deformation yarn.
Preferably, described warp thread, weft yarn and bundled yarn are high-performance fiber, metal fibre independently, functional fibre, chemical fibre, natural fabric or their blended yarn.
More preferably, described high-performance fiber is carbon fiber, glass fibre, aramid fiber or high molecular weight polyethylene fiber.
Preferably, the manufacture method of described three dimensional woven fabrics also comprises: using three-dimensional woven barrier fabric as reinforcement and thermosetting resin or thermoplastic resin compound.
More preferably, described thermosetting resin is epoxy resin, phenolic resins or vinylite.
More preferably, described thermoplastic resin is acrylic resin, acrylic resin or polyvinyl chloride.
In of the present invention pair of weft insertion technique, the weft yarn of odd and even number layer can be selected to be the yarn of different thicknesses, also some number of plies can be selected (as ground floor, the second layer) weft yarn be the yarn that thickness is identical, the weft yarn of some number of plies (third layer is to the odd and even number layer between last one deck) is the yarn of different thicknesses.Form weft yarn being staggered in three dimensional fabric, produce longitudinal barriering effect.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the weft yarn that in the fabric manufactured by the inventive method, thickness is different engages each other under the effect of beating up, bundled yarn is made to be crowded together in fabric and to bend, mutually stop between each layer weft yarn of fabric, reduce the space of three fabrics in bundled yarn direction, effectively can improve fabric in filtration, the ability of electrostatic screen, anti-puncture aspect.The warp tension beaten up makes bundled yarn generation flexing, and because weft yarn thickness is different, during contact, frictional resistance is larger, thus makes mutual slippage between each layer weft yarn of restriction fabric, serves good barriering effect.
2, the present invention has benefited from special weft yarn design, chooses dissimilar fiber and can be applied to every field as the three-dimensional woven barrier fabric through weft yarn.Comprise: if high-performance fiber is through weft yarn, this fabric can with bulletproof anti-puncturing field also can as composite material reinforcement body, if metal fibre is through weft yarn, this fabric can be used for electromagnetic wave shielding field, and if superfine fibre is through weft yarn, this fabric can be used for liquids and gases filtration art, three dimensional woven fabrics of the present invention stretches completely through weft yarn, there is good stretch modulus and brute force, after resin compounded, can be used for the fields such as industry manufacture.
3, three-dimensional woven fabric of the present invention has that manufacture craft is simple, impact property good, anti-layering, cost are low, be suitable for the advantage that industrialization produces.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is three-dimensional woven barrier fabric schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is three-dimensional orthogonal woven fabric schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is three-dimensional dust-filtering fabric schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is electromagnetic wave screen fabric schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is three-dimensional porous woven fabric schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, set forth the present invention further.Should be understood that these embodiments are only not used in for illustration of the present invention to limit the scope of the invention.In addition should be understood that those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally after the content of having read the present invention's instruction.
Embodiment 1: three dimensional barrier fabric reinforced composite and manufacture method thereof
As shown in Figure 1, be three-dimensional woven barrier fabric schematic diagram, described three-dimensional woven barrier fabric selection glass fibre is the warp thread 3 of three dimensional fabric, weft yarn 1 and bundled yarn 2.Through weft yarn totally seven layers, four layers of weft yarn, 1, three layers of warp thread 3.The line density of warp thread 3 is 1000tex, and the line density of bundled yarn 2 is 400tex.Weft yarn 1 has two kinds, and line density is respectively 400tex and 1000tex.The weft density of fabric is respectively 10 pieces/centimetre, and Fabric Design width is 30 centimetres, length 30 centimetres.
The manufacture method of above-mentioned three dimensional barrier fabric reinforced composite is:
(1) the three-dimensional orthogonal loom weaving three-dimensional woven fabric with two weft inserting apparatus is adopted:
First, when weaving described three-dimensional woven barrier fabric, adopt two weft insertion technique, the line density of the odd-level weft yarn in one of them weft inserting apparatus (weft inserting apparatus A) is 1000tex, the line density of even level weft yarn is 400tex, the line density of the odd-level weft yarn in another weft inserting apparatus (weft inserting apparatus B) is 400tex, and the line density of even level weft yarn is 1000tex;
When weaving, two weft inserting apparatuss replace wefting insertion, fetter as a whole after vertical bundled yarn interweaves by warp thread and weft yarn, concrete weaving process is: weft inserting apparatus A wefting insertion yarn, bundled yarn interweaves, and makes the warp thread of other layers, weft yarn become as a whole with bundled yarn, beats up, stepper motor batches, weft inserting apparatus B wefting insertion yarn, bundled yarn interweaves, and beats up, stepper motor batches, and completes weaving of a complete cycle.According to actual needs, the length of fabric is controlled by controlling weaving cycle number.After weaving the length of 30 centimetres, three dimensional barrier fabric knitting is complete.
Finally, select vinylite, utilize the method for vacuum assisted resin transfer formation to make three dimensional barrier fabric reinforced composite in the three dimensional barrier fabric weaved.
Embodiment 2: three-dimensional dust (diameter >10 micron) filtration fabrics and manufacture method thereof
As shown in Figure 3, be three-dimensional dust-filtering fabric schematic diagram, described three-dimensional dust-filtering selection of fabric nylon monofilament is as warp thread 3 and bundled yarn 2, and polyamide fibre air deformation yarn is as weft yarn 1.In three-dimensional dust-filtering fabric, through weft yarn totally five layers, three layers of weft yarn 1, two-layer warp thread 3.The line density of warp thread 3 and bundled yarn 2 is 10tex.Weft yarn 1 has two kinds, and line density is respectively 5tex and 15tex.The weft density of fabric is respectively 24 pieces/centimetre, and Fabric Design width is 30 centimetres, length 30 centimetres.
Adopt the three-dimensional orthogonal loom weaving three-dimensional dust-filtering fabric with two weft inserting apparatus:
First, when weaving described three-dimensional dust-filtering fabric, adopt two weft insertion technique, the line density of the odd-level weft yarn in one of them weft inserting apparatus (weft inserting apparatus A) is 5tex, the line density of even level weft yarn is 15tex, the line density of the odd-level weft yarn in another weft inserting apparatus (weft inserting apparatus B) is 15tex, and the line density of even level weft yarn is 5tex;
When weaving, two weft inserting apparatuss replace wefting insertion, fetter as a whole after vertical bundled yarn interweaves by warp thread and weft yarn, concrete weaving process is: weft inserting apparatus A wefting insertion yarn, bundled yarn interweaves, and makes the warp thread of other layers, weft yarn become as a whole with bundled yarn, beats up, stepper motor batches, weft inserting apparatus B wefting insertion yarn, bundled yarn interweaves, and beats up, stepper motor batches, and completes weaving of a complete cycle.According to actual needs, the length of fabric is controlled by controlling weaving cycle number.After weaving the length of 30 centimetres, three-dimensional dust-filtering fabric knitting is complete.
Embodiment 3: three-dimensional anti-needle punched fabric and manufacture method thereof
Select K129 aramid fiber as the warp thread of the anti-needle punched fabric of three-dimensional, weft yarn and bundled yarn.Through weft yarn totally seven layers in three-dimensional anti-needle punched fabric, four layers of weft yarn, three layers of warp thread.The line density of warp thread is 1000tex, and the line density of bundled yarn is 300tex.Weft yarn has two kinds, and to be respectively line density be 500tex and line density is the twist yarn (twist factor is 100 twists/m) of 1000tex.The weft density of fabric is respectively 18 pieces/centimetre, and Fabric Design width is 30 centimetres, length 30 centimetres.
Adopt the anti-needle punched fabric of three-dimensional orthogonal loom weaving three-dimensional with two weft inserting apparatus:
First, when weaving the anti-needle punched fabric of described three-dimensional, adopt two weft insertion technique, the line density of the odd-level weft yarn in one of them weft inserting apparatus (weft inserting apparatus A) is 1000tex, the line density of even level weft yarn is 500tex, the line density of the odd-level weft yarn in another weft inserting apparatus (weft inserting apparatus B) is 500tex, and the line density of even level weft yarn is 1000tex;
When weaving, two weft inserting apparatuss replace wefting insertion, fetter as a whole after vertical bundled yarn interweaves by warp thread and weft yarn, concrete weaving process is: weft inserting apparatus A wefting insertion yarn, bundled yarn interweaves, and makes the warp thread of other layers, weft yarn become as a whole with bundled yarn, beats up, stepper motor batches, weft inserting apparatus B wefting insertion yarn, bundled yarn interweaves, and beats up, stepper motor batches, and completes weaving of a complete cycle.According to actual needs, the length of fabric is controlled by controlling weaving cycle number.After weaving the length of 30 centimetres, three-dimensional anti-needle punched fabric is weaved complete.
Embodiment 4: electromagnetic wave screen fabric and manufacture method thereof
As shown in Figure 4, be electromagnetic wave screen fabric schematic diagram, described electromagnetic wave screen fabric selects metallic copper fiber as warp thread 3 and weft yarn 1, and polyster fibre is as bundled yarn 2.Through weft yarn totally three layers in electromagnetic wave screen fabric, two-layer weft yarn 1, one deck warp thread 3.The diameter of warp thread 3 is 0.1 centimetre, and the diameter of weft yarn 1 is 0.1 centimetre and 0.05 centimetre.The line density of bundled yarn 2 is 30tex.Weft density is respectively 12 pieces/centimetre, and Fabric Design width is 40 centimetres, length 40 centimetres.
The three-dimensional orthogonal loom with two weft inserting apparatus is adopted to weave electromagnetic wave screen fabric:
First, when weaving described electromagnetic wave screen fabric, adopt two weft insertion technique, the diameter of the odd-level weft yarn in one of them weft inserting apparatus (weft inserting apparatus A) is 0.1 centimetre, the diameter of even level weft yarn is 0.05 centimetre, the diameter of the odd-level weft yarn in another weft inserting apparatus (weft inserting apparatus B) is 0.05 centimetre, and the diameter of even level weft yarn is 0.1 centimetre.
When weaving, two weft inserting apparatuss replace wefting insertion, fetter as a whole after vertical bundled yarn interweaves by warp thread and weft yarn, concrete weaving process is: weft inserting apparatus A wefting insertion yarn, bundled yarn interweaves, and makes the warp thread of other layers, weft yarn become as a whole with bundled yarn, beats up, stepper motor batches, weft inserting apparatus B wefting insertion yarn, bundled yarn interweaves, and beats up, stepper motor batches, and completes weaving of a complete cycle.According to actual needs, the length of fabric is controlled by controlling weaving cycle number.After weaving the length of 40 centimetres, fabric knitting is complete.
Embodiment 5: three-dimensional porous woven fabric and manufacture method thereof
As shown in Figure 5, be three-dimensional porous woven fabric schematic diagram, described three-dimensional porous woven fabric selects K29 aramid fiber as the warp thread 3 of three dimensional fabric, weft yarn 1 and bundled yarn 2.Through weft yarn totally seven layers in three-dimensional porous fabric, four layers of weft yarn, 1, three layers of warp thread 3.The line density of warp thread 3 and weft yarn 1 is 1000tex, and the line density of bundled yarn 2 is 300tex.The weft density of fabric is respectively 18 pieces/centimetre, and Fabric Design width is 30 centimetres, length 30 centimetres.
Adopt the three-dimensional orthogonal loom weaving three-dimensional porous woven fabric with two weft inserting apparatus:
First, when weaving described three-dimensional porous woven fabric, adopt two weft insertion technique, odd-level weft yarn bar in one of them weft inserting apparatus (weft inserting apparatus A) connects aramid yarn, even level weft yarn bar is vacant, in another weft inserting apparatus (being set to weft inserting apparatus B), odd-level weft yarn bar is vacant, and even level weft yarn bar connects aramid yarn.
When weaving, two weft inserting apparatuss replace wefting insertion, fetter as a whole after vertical bundled yarn interweaves by warp thread and weft yarn, concrete weaving process is: weft inserting apparatus A wefting insertion yarn, bundled yarn interweaves, and makes the warp thread of other layers, weft yarn become as a whole with bundled yarn, beats up, stepper motor batches, weft inserting apparatus B wefting insertion yarn, bundled yarn interweaves, and beats up, stepper motor batches, and completes weaving of a complete cycle.According to actual needs, the length of fabric is controlled by controlling weaving cycle number.After weaving the length of 30 centimetres, fabric knitting is complete.
Claims (8)
1. a manufacture method for three dimensional woven fabrics, is characterized in that, concrete steps comprise: adopt two weft insertion technique device weaving three-dimensional woven fabric; Wherein, when weaving described three dimensional woven fabrics adjacent at least two-layer, odd-level weft yarn in one of them weft inserting apparatus is chosen for the thicker yarn of diameter, even level weft yarn is chosen for the thinner yarn of diameter, odd-level weft yarn in another weft inserting apparatus is chosen for the thinner yarn of diameter, and even level weft yarn is chosen for the thicker yarn of diameter; Or the odd-level weft yarn bar of one of them weft inserting apparatus is connected yarn, and even level weft yarn bar is vacant, and in another weft inserting apparatus, odd-level weft yarn bar is vacant, even level weft yarn bar connects yarn; Or, the weft yarn of the odd-level in two weft inserting apparatuss and even level is chosen for profile yarns; In weaving process, two weft inserting apparatuss replace wefting insertion, fetter as a whole, be three dimensional woven fabrics after vertical bundled yarn interweaves by warp thread and weft yarn.
2. the manufacture method of three dimensional woven fabrics as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described two weft insertion technique devices are have the three-dimensional orthogonal loom of two weft inserting apparatus or have the two-dimensional loom of many weft insertion devices, two weft inserting apparatuss of described weaving three-dimensional woven fabric, three-dimensional loom both sides can be arranged on, also can be arranged on three-dimensional loom the same side.
3. the manufacture method of three dimensional woven fabrics as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described profile yarns is bulk yarn, twist yarn or air deformation yarn.
4. the manufacture method of three dimensional woven fabrics as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described warp thread, weft yarn and bundled yarn are high-performance fiber, metal fibre, chemical fibre, natural fabric or their blended yarn.
5. the manufacture method of three dimensional woven fabrics as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described high-performance fiber is carbon fiber, glass fibre, aramid fiber or high molecular weight polyethylene fiber.
6. the manufacture method of three dimensional woven fabrics as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise: using three dimensional woven fabrics as reinforcement and thermosetting resin or thermoplastic resin compound.
7. the manufacture method of three dimensional woven fabrics as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described thermosetting resin is epoxy resin, phenolic resins or vinylite.
8. the manufacture method of three dimensional woven fabrics as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described thermoplastic resin is acrylic resin, acrylic resin or polyvinyl chloride.
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