CN103823104B - The automatic range generating positive and negative voltage measuring circuit that a kind of single supply is powered - Google Patents
The automatic range generating positive and negative voltage measuring circuit that a kind of single supply is powered Download PDFInfo
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- CN103823104B CN103823104B CN201410060935.9A CN201410060935A CN103823104B CN 103823104 B CN103823104 B CN 103823104B CN 201410060935 A CN201410060935 A CN 201410060935A CN 103823104 B CN103823104 B CN 103823104B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the automatic range generating positive and negative voltage measuring circuit that a kind of single supply is powered, this circuit includes voltage switching network, buffer and single-chip microcomputer.The positive/negative voltage signal of outside input first passes through voltage switching network, and voltage switching network carries out dividing potential drop and is mapped in positive voltage interval by generating positive and negative voltage input signal；Through the adjustment of overvoltage switching network, input signal is adjusted to the maximum that the input range of rear class buffer can allow, thus the integrity maintaining signal as much as possible.Voltage signal exports to late-class circuit after buffer buffers, and feeds back to voltage switching network after being detected by single-chip microcomputer simultaneously, in order to adjust the output voltage of voltage switching network so that it is meet the maximum input voltage of buffer as far as possible.This testing circuit can realize the detection to generating positive and negative voltage under conditions of single supply is powered, and has the advantages that range is big, precision is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electronic technology and signal detection technique field, in particular it relates to a kind of single supply is powered
Automatic range generating positive and negative voltage measuring circuit.
Background technology
Owing to the supply voltage in signal processing circuit is more and more lower, the accessible voltage range of circuit is the most more come
The least.And the voltage signal range of real world is much bigger, and signal also have various
Error and noise, the input signal of circuit not necessarily always can be maintained in the process range of circuit.To full
Foot input signal excursion, then the performance requirement of subsequent conditioning circuit will improve, the complexity of circuit and
Power consumption all can increase, and accordingly, the complexity of printed circuit board and area also can increase therewith.
In actual applications, input signal V of circuitinScope first can be by late-class circuit input range
Restriction.Particularly when late-class circuit be single supply power time, if input signal VinFor negative voltage, then circuit
Necessarily cannot normally work.And due to various errors and the existence of interference, input signal VinActual value and
Also can there is certain deviation in theoretical value, when input signal VinDuring beyond the input range of late-class circuit, rear class electricity
Road also cannot normally work, and even can damage.Therefore, late-class circuit is necessary adapt to and monitor input signal
VinChange, to avoid circuit self is damaged.Input signal V to be adapted toinExcursion, a side
Input signal V can be estimated in faceinMaximum changing range, the input range of late-class circuit is expanded to and can expire
Foot input signal VinChange requirement；On the other hand can be by input signal VinDividing potential drop, thus reduce circuit
The scope of input signal.But, the input range improving late-class circuit can make circuit become more complicated.
Particularly in input signal VinIn the case of negative voltage, late-class circuit must be also adopted by dual power supply, this
The complexity of circuit will be greatly increased.And the lifting of input range must along with the lifting of supply voltage,
The power consumption of circuit can increase.According to the resistor voltage divider circuit of fixed partial pressure ratio by input signal VinDividing potential drop, that
When input signal VinThe input signal that can cause late-class circuit time less is too small, the many letters in input signal
Breath will be submerged, circuit precise decreasing.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, for deficiency of the prior art, it is provided that a kind of single supply supplies
The automatic range generating positive and negative voltage measuring circuit of electricity, to realize aligning negative electricity under conditions of single supply is powered
Pressure detects.
The present invention solves the technical scheme of above-mentioned technical problem employing and includes:
The automatic range generating positive and negative voltage measuring circuit that a kind of single supply is powered, including: voltage switching network, slow
Rushing device and single-chip microcomputer, wherein, the outfan of voltage switching network is connected with the input of buffer, slow
The outfan rushing device connects the input of single-chip microcomputer, and single-chip microcomputer output control signal is to the control of voltage switching network
End processed；The positive/negative voltage signal of outside input adjusts to positive voltage scope through voltage switching network；Buffer pair
The signal of voltage switching network output exports the output signal of this tension measuring circuit after doing first-level buffer, respectively
To late-class circuit and single-chip microcomputer；Single-chip microcomputer carries out logical judgment to the output signal being received from buffer, then
Output control signal is adjusted to voltage switching network, the output to voltage switching network so that voltage turns
The maximum that the output voltage of switching network can allow close to buffer as far as possible.
Preferably, voltage switching network includes bleeder circuit, MUX and precision resister, its
In, bleeder circuit carries out dividing potential drop to outside input voltage, and it includes the multiple high accuracy being serially connected
Build-out resistor, the one end of the series circuit being made up of these high accuracy build-out resistors receives the positive and negative of outside input
Voltage signal, other end ground connection；And draw an outfan between adjacent two series resistances, as dividing
The outfan of volt circuit；The outfan of the correspondingly connected bleeder circuit of each input of MUX, its
Control end and receive the control signal from single-chip microcomputer, and the outfan of MUX connects the defeated of buffer
Enter end；MUX selects suitable intrinsic standoff ratio according to the control signal of single-chip microcomputer, thereby determines that connection point
Which outfan of volt circuit；Resistance is connected to the automatic measuring that the outfan of MUX is powered with single supply
Between the power supply of journey generating positive and negative voltage measuring circuit, together with bleeder circuit and MUX, outside is inputted
Positive/negative voltage signal adjusts to suitable positive voltage scope.
Preferably, buffer include matching transistor, the first resistance, the second resistance, the 3rd resistance, the 4th
Resistance, the 5th resistance, the first electric capacity, the second electric capacity, current source and operational amplifier, wherein, the
One resistance and the first electric capacity are connected in parallel composition the first parallel RC circuits, and one end of the first parallel RC circuits is even
Connecing a base stage of matching transistor, the other end of the first parallel RC circuits is as the input of buffer；The
Two resistance and the second electric capacity are connected in parallel composition the second parallel RC circuits, and one end of the second parallel RC circuits is even
Connect another base stage of matching transistor；Two colelctor electrodes of matching transistor respectively with the two of operational amplifier
Individual input connects, and two emitter stages of matching transistor connect current source jointly, and another of current source terminates
Ground；One end of 4th resistance and the 5th resistance is respectively connecting to two colelctor electrodes of matching transistor, the 4th electricity
The other end of resistance and the 5th resistance connects one end of the 3rd resistance jointly, and the other end of the 3rd resistance is connected to list
The power supply of the automatic range generating positive and negative voltage measuring circuit that power supply is powered；The outfan of operational amplifier is as buffering
The outfan of device；And the other end of the second parallel RC circuits is connected to the outfan of operational amplifier, as
The negative feedback of buffer.
Preferably, single-chip microcomputer uses IC chip, and it has the ADC carried, the ADC of single-chip microcomputer
The input port of module receives the output signal from buffer, is AD converted this output signal and carries out
Logical analysis, then output control signal is adjusted to voltage switching network, the output to voltage switching network
Whole so that the maximum that the output voltage of voltage switching network can allow close to buffer as far as possible.
The automatic range generating positive and negative voltage measuring circuit that single supply according to the present invention is powered has following useful skill
Art effect:
1, according to the voltage switching network of the present invention, the scope of input voltage is extended, be no longer limited to
Positive voltage scope, and it is no longer limited to the input range of rear class buffer, make full use of single-chip microcomputer 3 internal
Logic function achieve automatically controlling and changing of range.Further, since in the input of operational amplifier U3
End adds matching transistor U2 so that the input resistance of buffer increases, and the precision of circuit is improved.
If late-class circuit needs to be further processed the output signal of this circuit, it is possible to by the letter of single-chip microcomputer Yu rear class
Number process circuit merge.So complexity essentially unchangedization of circuit, simultaneously can also be in the change of input signal
The precision of holding circuit when change scope is bigger.
2, because the resistor network of this tension measuring circuit front end is all dispersion components and parts, thus in irregular shape
Install relatively more flexible when using on the printed circuit board of shape, more can make full use of limited space.Circuit is used
The integrated circuit modules arrived is the least, will not take too many area.It addition, this tension measuring circuit is selected
Be all conventional components and parts, it is easy to obtain, with low cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the automatic range generating positive and negative voltage measuring circuit that the single supply according to the present invention is powered；
Fig. 2 is the circuit theory of the automatic range generating positive and negative voltage measuring circuit that the single supply according to the present invention is powered
Figure；
Fig. 3 is that the voltage in the automatic range generating positive and negative voltage measuring circuit that the single supply according to the present invention is powered turns
The equivalent circuit diagram of switching network.
Detailed description of the invention
Positive and negative below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments automatic range to powering according to the single supply of the present invention
Tension measuring circuit is described in detail.
As it is shown in figure 1, the automatic range generating positive and negative voltage measuring circuit powered according to the single supply of the present invention includes
Voltage switching network 1, buffer 2 and single-chip microcomputer 3.Wherein, the outfan of voltage switching network 1 with
The input of buffer 2 connects, and the outfan of buffer 2 connects the input of single-chip microcomputer 3, single-chip microcomputer 3
Output control signal is to the control end of voltage switching network 1.
The positive/negative voltage signal V of outside inputinAdjust to positive voltage scope through voltage switching network 1.Buffer
The signal of 2 pairs of voltage switching network 1 outputs is output signal output V after first-level bufferoutGive late-class circuit respectively
With single-chip microcomputer 3.Single-chip microcomputer is to output signal V from buffer 2outCarry out logical judgment, then export control
Signal processed is adjusted to voltage switching network 1, the output to voltage switching network 1 so that voltage is changed
The maximum that the output voltage of network 1 can allow close to buffer 2 as far as possible.Wherein, 2 energy of buffer
The maximum allowed, is determined by its supply voltage VCC.
Fig. 2 shows the circuit work of the automatic range generating positive and negative voltage measuring circuit that the single supply of the present invention powers
Principle, as in figure 2 it is shown, voltage switching network includes bleeder circuit, MUX U1 and high accuracy
Resistance R0.Wherein, bleeder circuit carries out dividing potential drop to outside input voltage, and it includes being serially connected
Multiple high accuracy build-out resistors, the one end of the series circuit being made up of these high accuracy build-out resistors receives outside
The positive/negative voltage signal V of inputin, other end ground connection；And extraction one is defeated between adjacent two series resistances
Go out end, as the outfan of bleeder circuit.The correspondingly connected bleeder circuit of each input of MUX
Outfan, it controls end and receives from the control signal of single-chip microcomputer 3, and the outfan of MUX
Connect the input of buffer 2.MUX selects suitable dividing potential drop according to the control signal of single-chip microcomputer 3
Ratio, thereby determines which outfan of connection bleeder circuit.Resistance R0 is connected to the outfan of MUX
And between the power supply VCC of the automatic range generating positive and negative voltage measuring circuit that single supply is powered, with bleeder circuit and many
The positive/negative voltage signal V that outside is inputted by road selector togetherinAdjust to positive voltage scope.Here need explanation
, depending on the quantity of the high accuracy build-out resistor included by bleeder circuit is according to the available accuracy demand of circuit.
And MUX U1 input quantity at least equal with the quantity of the outfan of bleeder circuit.
Buffer 2 include matching transistor U2, the first resistance R1, the second resistance R2, the 3rd resistance R3,
4th resistance R4, the 5th resistance R5, the first electric capacity C1, the second electric capacity C2, current source ISS, and computing
Amplifier U3.
Wherein, the first resistance R1 and the first electric capacity C1 is connected in parallel composition the first parallel RC circuits, and first also
One base stage of one end matching connection transistor U2 of connection RC circuit, the other end of the first parallel RC circuits is made
Input for buffer；Second resistance R2 and the second electric capacity C2 is connected in parallel composition the second parallel RC circuits,
Another base stage of one end matching connection transistor U2 of the second parallel RC circuits.
Two colelctor electrodes of matching transistor U2 are connected with two inputs of operational amplifier U3 respectively,
Two emitter stages joining transistor U2 connect current source I jointlySS, current source ISSOther end ground connection.
Two colelctor electrodes of one end of the 4th resistance R4 and the 5th resistance R5 matching connection transistor U2 respectively,
The other end of the 4th resistance R4 and the 5th resistance R5 connects one end of the 3rd resistance R3, the 3rd resistance jointly
The other end of R3 is connected to the power supply VCC of the automatic range generating positive and negative voltage measuring circuit that single supply is powered.
The outfan of operational amplifier U3 is as the outfan of buffer 2.Further, the second parallel RC circuits
The other end be connected to the outfan of operational amplifier U3, as the negative feedback of buffer 2.
Wherein, matching transistor U2, operational amplifier U3 and current source be those skilled in the art according to
The description of this specification and the actual demand of circuit can select the most from the prior art, here,
It is not described in detail.
Single-chip microcomputer 3 uses IC chip, and it has the ADC carried, the ADC mould of single-chip microcomputer 3
The input port of block receives output signal V of buffer 2out, to this output signal VoutIt is AD converted also
Carrying out logical analysis, output control signal is entered to voltage switching network 1, the output to voltage switching network 1
Row sum-equal matrix so that the maximum that the output voltage of voltage switching network 1 can allow close to buffer 2 as far as possible.
This measuring circuit is in use, want first programming program in single-chip microcomputer, including setting bleeder circuit dividing potential drop
The initial value of ratio, carries out the algorithm of logical judgment to circuit output signal, and suitably intrinsic standoff ratio should be expired
The condition of foot.Outside input signal VinAfter overvoltage switching network, do first-level buffer via buffer 2
Rear output this tension measuring circuit output signal Vout.Wherein, the first parallel RC circuits is for changing voltage
The output signal of network is filtered, and matching transistor U2 is for improving the input resistance of buffer 2.Output
Voltage VoutWhile output is to late-class circuit, on the one hand after the second parallel RC circuits filtering, return coupling
Another base stage of transistor U2 does the negative feedback of buffer；On the other hand output does this voltage to single-chip microcomputer 3
The negative feedback of testing circuit.By single-chip microcomputer to output signal VoutCarry out logical judgment.By prior burned list
The program of sheet machine determines that current intrinsic standoff ratio is the most suitable, bigger than normal or less than normal, and then output suitably controls
Signal, to MUX, adjusts intrinsic standoff ratio.If after being adjusted, new output signal is through single-chip microcomputer
Judgement be not the most optimal intrinsic standoff ratio, then single-chip microcomputer exports new control signal again to MUX,
Again adjust intrinsic standoff ratio.So circulation, until output signal meets the condition set in advance in program.And
This condition ensure that voltage conversion circuit 1 can have one to match with input signal all the time, and meets slow
Rush the optimal intrinsic standoff ratio of the input range of device.
Voltage switching network in Fig. 2 equivalence can become the circuit shown in Fig. 3.Wherein, R0aAnd R0bIt is Fig. 2
In the bleeder circuit R01-R0N equivalent bleeder circuit after determining intrinsic standoff ratio, RmIt it is MUX
The equivalent conduction impedance of U1, according to superposition theorem, the voltage transitive relation of this voltage switching network is as follows:
In formula, V0Represent the output of voltage switching network, VinRepresent the input of voltage switching network, VCCRepresent
The power supply of the automatic range generating positive and negative voltage measuring circuit that single supply is powered.
According to above-mentioned relation formula, the generating positive and negative voltage of input can be converted to positive voltage, so that list below
The circuit that power supply is powered processing variation scope of having the ability reaches the signal of negative voltage.
According in the measuring circuit of the present invention, the first resistance R1, the second resistance R2, the 3rd resistance R3,
4th resistance R4, the 5th resistance R5, the first electric capacity C1 and the resistance value of the second electric capacity C2 and capacitance are wanted
Meet claimed below:
C1=C2, R1=R2, R3=R4=R5.
Wherein, the 3rd resistance R3, the 4th resistance R4, the 5th resistance R5 are preferably with build-out resistor.
First resistance R1 and the resistance value of the second resistance R2 and the first electric capacity C1 and the electricity of the second electric capacity C2
Capacitance determines according to actual filtering requirements.
Resistance R0, resistance R01-R0N resistance value will be according to the approximate range of input signal and formula (1)
Require to determine.On the other hand, the size of N to determine according to the required precision of circuit.Additionally, to adopt
By high accuracy build-out resistor to improve precision.
Circuit production main points:
Require that selected electronic devices and components performance is intact, the first electric capacity C1 and the second electric capacity C2, the first resistance R1,
Second resistance R2, the 4th resistance R4, the 5th resistance R5 install close proximity to matching transistor U2.According to attached
In Fig. 2, the annexation of components and parts is reliably connected, and circuit can normally export.
It will be appreciated to those of skill in the art that unspecified content in this specification, be this area
Technical staff is according to the description of this specification and combines what prior art can be easily achieved, does not does
Describe in detail.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention be not limited thereto,
Any those familiar with the art in the technical scope that the invention discloses, the change that can readily occur in
Change or replace, all should contain within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the automatic range generating positive and negative voltage measuring circuit that a single supply is powered, it is characterised in that including: electricity
Pressure switching network (1), buffer (2) and single-chip microcomputer (3), wherein,
The outfan of described voltage switching network (1) is connected with the input of described buffer (2), described
The outfan of buffer (2) connects the input of described single-chip microcomputer (3), described single-chip microcomputer (3) output control
Signal processed gives the control end of described voltage switching network (1)；
Positive/negative voltage signal (the V of outside inputin) adjust to positive voltage model through described voltage switching network (1)
Enclose；The signal that described voltage switching network (1) exports is done output output after first-level buffer by buffer (2)
Signal (Vout), give late-class circuit and described single-chip microcomputer (3) respectively；Described single-chip microcomputer (3) is to being received from
State the output signal (V of buffer (2)out) carry out logical judgment, then output control signal gives described electricity
Pressure switching network (1), the output to described voltage switching network (1) is adjusted so that described voltage turns
The maximum that the output voltage of switching network (1) can allow close to described buffer (2) as far as possible；
Described voltage switching network (1) includes bleeder circuit, MUX (U1) and high precision electro
Resistance (R0), wherein,
Described bleeder circuit carries out dividing potential drop to outside input voltage, and it is multiple high that it includes being serially connected
Accuracy Matching resistance, the one end of the series circuit being made up of these high accuracy build-out resistors receives outside input
Positive/negative voltage signal (Vin), other end ground connection；And draw an outfan between adjacent two series resistances,
Outfan as described bleeder circuit；
The outfan of the correspondingly connected described bleeder circuit of each input of described MUX (U1),
It controls end and receives the control signal from described single-chip microcomputer (3), and the outfan of described MUX
Connect the input of described buffer (2)；Described MUX (U1) is according to described single-chip microcomputer (3)
Control signal select suitable intrinsic standoff ratio, thereby determine that connect described bleeder circuit which outfan；
Described precision resister (R0) be connected to that the outfan of described MUX and single supply power from
Between the power supply (VCC) of momentum journey generating positive and negative voltage measuring circuit, with described bleeder circuit and MUX one
Play the positive/negative voltage signal (V inputted outsidein) adjust to suitable positive voltage scope.
The automatic range generating positive and negative voltage measuring circuit that single supply the most according to claim 1 is powered, it is special
Levy and be, described buffer (2) include matching transistor (U2), the first resistance (R1), the second resistance (R2),
3rd resistance (R3), the 4th resistance (R4), the 5th resistance (R5), the first electric capacity (C1), the second electric capacity
(C2), current source (ISS) and operational amplifier (U3), wherein,
Described first resistance (R1) and the first electric capacity (C1) are connected in parallel composition the first parallel RC circuits, the
One end of one parallel RC circuits connects a base stage of described matching transistor (U2), the first RC electricity in parallel
The other end on road is as the input of described buffer (2)；Described second resistance (R2) and the second electric capacity (C2)
Being connected in parallel composition the second parallel RC circuits, one end of the second parallel RC circuits connects described matching transistor
(U2) another base stage；
Two colelctor electrodes of described matching transistor (U2) respectively with two of described operational amplifier (U3)
Input connects, and two emitter stages of described matching transistor (U2) connect described current source (I jointlySS),
And described current source (ISS) other end ground connection；
One end of described 4th resistance (R4) and the 5th resistance (R5) is respectively connecting to described matching transistor
(U2) two colelctor electrodes, the other end of described 4th resistance (R4) and the 5th resistance (R5) connects jointly
Connecing one end of described 3rd resistance (R3), the other end of described 3rd resistance (R3) is connected to single supply and supplies
The power supply (VCC) of the automatic range generating positive and negative voltage measuring circuit of electricity；
The outfan of described operational amplifier (U3) is as the outfan of described buffer (2)；And second
The other end of parallel RC circuits is connected to the outfan of described operational amplifier (U3), as described buffer
Negative feedback.
The automatic range generating positive and negative voltage measuring circuit that single supply the most according to claim 1 is powered, it is special
Levy and be: described single-chip microcomputer (3) uses IC chip, and it has the ADC carried, described list
The input port of the ADC of sheet machine (3) receives the output signal (V from described buffer (2)out),
To this output signal (Vout) it is AD converted and carries out logical analysis, then output control signal is given described
Voltage switching network (1), the output to described voltage switching network (1) is adjusted so that described voltage
The maximum that the output voltage of switching network (1) can allow close to buffer (2) as far as possible.
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| CN201410060935.9A CN103823104B (en) | 2014-02-24 | 2014-02-24 | The automatic range generating positive and negative voltage measuring circuit that a kind of single supply is powered |
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| CN201410060935.9A CN103823104B (en) | 2014-02-24 | 2014-02-24 | The automatic range generating positive and negative voltage measuring circuit that a kind of single supply is powered |
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| CN103823104B true CN103823104B (en) | 2016-08-31 |
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| CN106324331B (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2019-03-12 | 大唐半导体设计有限公司 | A kind of isolated power supply front voltage method of sampling and device |
| CN106771488B (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2019-10-15 | 珠海赛纳打印科技股份有限公司 | Negative high voltage abnormal detection circuit, device, control circuit and imaging device |
| CN108267630A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-07-10 | 常州同惠电子股份有限公司 | For the sample circuit of high-voltage front end |
| CN110221240A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-10 | 深圳市锐能微科技有限公司 | The detection circuit and electric energy computation chip of bleeder circuit parameter |
| CN111505480A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-08-07 | 惠州市德赛西威汽车电子股份有限公司 | Negative voltage detection circuit based on operational amplifier |
| CN112730970B (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2023-07-18 | 扬州大学 | Isolated high-precision wide-range voltage measurement system and measurement method |
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