CN103822772A - Testing method and testing platform for light spot patterns of solar light condenser - Google Patents
Testing method and testing platform for light spot patterns of solar light condenser Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a testing method for light spot patterns of a solar light condenser. The testing method comprises the following steps: firstly, generating light rays which are vertically incident on a solar light condensing lens by utilizing simulation point light sources; then acquiring geometric information about the position and the shape of condensed light on a receiver by utilizing an image detecting technique, and reconstructing and recognizing on a computer; then moving the simulation point light sources fixed on a guide rail along the outer diameter of the solar light condensing lens in parallel by utilizing the electric guide rail with a servo stepping motor, reconstructing and storing the position and the shape of the condensed light after each moving, and automatically analyzing the shape and the position of a light spot on the receiver by testing software after the simulation point light sources move for a cycle, thereby obtaining the accurate light receiving patterns. The invention also provides a testing platform for light spot patterns of the solar light condenser. The testing method and the testing platform provided by the invention can directly measure the actual light spot size after light condensation, and moreover, the obtained light spot is high in size accuracy; additionally, the testing process is automatic, so that the testing efficiency is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to solar photovoltaic technology field, be specifically related to a kind of method of testing and test platform to solar energy condenser lens light spot shape.
Background technology
Salar light-gathering is by sun power thin energy density, by light focusing principle, collects the light beam very high for energy density, so that can be more extensive, and the more effective sun power that utilizes.
Generally speaking, Salar light-gathering mode sub reflector formula optically focused and refraction type light gathering, so-called reflection concentration type, incident sunlight, through condenser, converges on receiver according to light reflection law; So-called refraction type light gathering is that the principle of utilizing incident ray to see through transparent material generation refraction converges sunlight.
Photovoltaic power generation technology is optically focused effect by condenser or lens even the converging to focal spot and project on photoelectric cell of hundred times of tens times of sunlight, thereby increases generated energy, reduces battery cost.
Generate electricity for reflection concentration type, the light spot shape that incides receiver plays a key effect to optimization system efficiency, for given receiver, the optimization degree of system depends on that best receiving position and the most uniform hot spot distribute, these factors decide by revising tracking parameter and reflecting surface curvature, but in reality is manufactured, often exist some to affect the problem of system effectiveness:
First, because the condenser in real system is often used various difform optically focused scintilloscopes, as groove type paraboloid catoptron, curved surface parabolic mirror and spherical reflector etc., and the forming technology of these catoptrons is also not quite similar, mainly to adopt high temperature thermal deformation and mechanical cold deformation manufacture, but no matter adopt which kind of mode to manufacture, its curvature is all easily subject to processing condition and changes and generation subtle change in actual moulding, these variations are very important on the impact of whole system efficiency, need to analyze the light spot shape variation difference that its surface curvature subtle change is brought.
Secondly, because generated energy is higher, the condenser reflective surface area needing is also larger, and it is very difficult to adopt casting forming to manufacture a huge condenser, therefore general employing is manufactured respectively the small-sized light focusing unit that some sizes are the same with curvature and is spliced, has reduced like this manufacture difficulty and the production cost of huge condenser.But for this mode, in actual production, often cannot guarantee that all small-sized light focusing unit size and curvature are just the same, in order to obtain optimizer system efficiency, need to analyze respectively the actual curvature situation of change of these unit.
In addition, tradition is manufactured high reflectance surface and is mainly contained surperficial anodic oxidation Electroplating Aluminum film mode, the silver-plated mode of surface electrical and surface label high reflectance acryl minute surface mode, due to the factor of manufacturing process, while utilizing the next high reflectance surface of manufacturing in batches condenser of these modes, also can there are some manufacturing defect, and these defects also can be with to light spot shape and serve error, how to consider the impact that these defects are brought, just totally need to analyze the impact that whole condenser brings light spot shape.
Finally, install before each assembly of fixed system final, need to receive optical property to reality and carry out simulation test, and according to test findings, receiver and condenser are carried out the compensation correction of position and angle, thereby find an optimum position, therefore, also need a kind of test platform of the optically focused light spot shape that can analyze whole condenser.
Summary of the invention
For above defect or the Improvement requirement of prior art, the invention provides a kind of method of testing to solar concentrator light spot shape, comprising:
Step 1, is placed on parabolic condenser to be measured on keel bracket, and keel bracket horizontal positioned is parallel with ground to guarantee parabolic condenser to be measured;
Step 2, is placed on analog light source on the saddle fixture of electronic guide rail, and with vertical placement of plane of parabolic condenser to be measured, computing machine moves along electronic guide rail stepping by serial line interface control simulation light source;
Step 3, is positioned over same plane by hot spot receiving screen and electronic guide rail, and central shaft overlaps with parabolic condenser to be measured axis, to guarantee that flare can receive screen display at hot spot;
Step 4, analog light source vertical incidence point light enters parabolic condenser to be measured, after condenser reflection, converges light and incides on hot spot receiving screen;
Step 6, analog light source moves along electronic guide rail in a stepwise manner by step-servo motor, and after moving at every turn and moving a step, repeating step 5 operates, until cover whole guide rail range;
Step 7, computing machine obtains a series of converging after facula position coordinate, and calculating is stored in correspondence database after forming hot spot full-size.
Preferably, described analog light source is array surface light source.
Preferably, described analog light source is pointolite.
Preferably, described pointolite is that wavelength is the green (light) laser of the solid pumping of 532nm, or the wavelength ruddiness point-like laser instrument that is 650, and performance number is below 50mW.
Preferably, described hot spot receiving screen is the unglazed curtain of white.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of test platform to solar concentrator light spot shape is also provided, comprising:
Be positioned over the parabolic condenser to be measured on keel bracket, keel bracket horizontal positioned is parallel with ground to guarantee parabolic condenser to be measured;
Be placed on the analog light source on the saddle fixture of electronic guide rail, the vertical placement of plane of analog light source and parabolic condenser to be measured, computing machine moves along electronic guide rail stepping by serial line interface control simulation light source;
Be positioned over conplane hot spot receiving screen with electronic guide rail, the central shaft of hot spot receiving screen overlaps with the axis of parabolic condenser to be measured, to guarantee that flare can receive screen display at hot spot;
Analog light source enters parabolic condenser to be measured for vertical incidence point light, after condenser reflection, converging light incides on hot spot receiving screen, and move along electronic guide rail in a stepwise manner by step-servo motor, after moving at every turn and moving a step, rebuild and store the position and the shape that converge light by computing machine, until cover whole guide rail range;
Computing machine is in the time that analog light source often makes a move on electronic guide rail, by linear CCD to the processing of hot spot receiving screen scan image, first carry out the coarse positioning of hot spot with binaryzation and overall threshold method, then utilize average gray value method to calculate to converge the exact position coordinate of the hot spot that light forms on receiving screen;
Computing machine obtains a series of converging after facula position coordinate, and calculating is stored in correspondence database after forming hot spot full-size.
Preferably, described analog light source is array surface light source.
Preferably, described analog light source is pointolite.
Preferably, described pointolite is that wavelength is the green (light) laser of the solid pumping of 532nm, or the wavelength ruddiness point-like laser instrument that is 650, and performance number is below 50mW.
Preferably, described hot spot receiving screen is the unglazed curtain of white.
In general, the traditional scheme of comparing, the method for the measurement solar concentrator light spot shape that this programme proposes has the following advantages:
1 adopts this programme can directly measure the actual light spot size after optically focused.Even the condenser that same die casting forms also may have different spot size, and according to the spot size of actual measurement, can revise condenser angle and receiver size, thereby the energy flux density that obtains more optimizing distributes.
2 adopt this programme actual measurement condenser optional position reflection ray flexibly, thereby can analyze concentrator surface defect to the impact bringing on receiver, reduce the manufacturing accuracy difficulty of condenser.
The 3 spot size precision that adopt this programme to obtain are high, and test process automation, thereby testing efficiency is high, are applicable to batch production condenser.
4 adopt this programme can be in batch production by each piece condenser hot spot data autostore in database, converge hot spot data thereby obtain producing in batches condenser.
5 adopt this programme before final assembling large-sized photovoltaic electricity generation system, to obtain its receiver spot size, thereby can revise each condenser angle and position obtains higher system effectiveness.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is several different solar concentrator structural representations in prior art;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation for parabolic condenser measurement light spot shape in the present invention;
Fig. 3 adopts Fig. 2 structure to test the hot spot figure obtaining;
Fig. 4 is the another kind of structural representation that adopts array surface light source to carry out single light source in alternate figures 2 of the present invention;
Fig. 5 adopts Fig. 4 structure to test the hot spot figure obtaining;
Fig. 6 adopts polylith hyperbolic rectangle condenser to be spliced into the structural representation of a condenser system;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of based on the present invention, hyperbolic rectangle condenser in Fig. 6 being measured light spot shape;
In institute's drawings attached, identical Reference numeral is used for representing identical element or structure, wherein:
(1) be with paraboloidal rectangle condenser; (2) be flute profile condenser; (3) be parabolic condenser; (4) be electronic guide rail; (5) be hot spot receiving screen; (6) be simulation points light source; (7a), (7b), (7c) and (7d) be the incident ray of pointolite (6) while moving to diverse location; (8a), (8b), (8c) and (8d) be respectively the reflection ray of incident ray after condenser; (9a) be and (9b) respectively the linear charge coupling element CCD in diverse location; (10) be parabolic condenser to be measured; (11) be computing machine; (12) be array surface light source; (13) be 4 hyperbolic rectangle condensers; (14) be light receiving surface; (15) be hyperbolic rectangle condenser to be tested; (16) be the array light source that is arranged in cross shape.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.In addition,, in each embodiment of described the present invention, involved technical characterictic just can combine mutually as long as do not form each other conflict.
Tradition solar energy condenser lens often has various shapes, Fig. 1 has provided several frequently seen solar concentrator, wherein (1) is with certain paraboloidal rectangle condenser, (2) be flute profile condenser, (3) be parabolic condenser, various condenser features are different, but total thought is all to utilize a relatively large optically focused surface that the sunshine of vertical incidence is converged on a relatively little receiving plane, thereby in unit area, obtain higher energy flux density, increase operation rate.
The manufacture method of these condensers is not quite similar, but is all derivative the forming of deformation technique from level crossing or flat glass, and forming technology is mainly high temperature thermal deformation manufacture method and mechanical cold working manufacture method.High temperature thermal deformation manufacture method is exactly first glass heats to be arrived to soft state, and then is shaped in mould, and after being shaped, glass raw material carries out reflection horizon plated film and protective seam spraying again.Machinery Cold-forming process is that the mode of mirror mechanical presses is close in the mirror holder of curved surface, and mirror is according to the curve form generation mechanically deform of mirror holder, then fixing by bonding agent or machinery between mirror and mirror holder.No matter adopt which kind of technique, all easily in die forming and outermost reflector coating process, produce tiny flaw, affect system effectiveness.
And the method for conventional sense object surface shape precision mainly contains contact pin type surface shape measuring method and noncontact laser probe measurement method, because the general area of condenser is larger, and adopt said method need to return repeatedly, thereby cause measurement and processing time long, in addition, need to consider whether testee surface allows contact problems, and these two kinds of methods are all that object surface shape is measured, and in Application of Solar Energy, more care is after condenser, to converge the energy flux density distribution situation of light on receiver, therefore classic method be not suitable for the measurement to solar energy condenser lens, more be not suitable for using in batch production.
In order to address these problems, we have proposed a kind of method of automatic test solar concentrator light spot shape, further, adopt the method can make an automatically testing platform of simulating actual receipts light effect for solar concentrator, thereby solve the problem in above-mentioned production.
The concrete technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: first utilize simulation points light source to produce the light impinging perpendicularly on solar energy condenser lens, then obtain the geological information such as position and shape that converges light on receiver by image detecting technique, and rebuild on computers and identify, the electronic guide rail of recycling with servo step motor will be fixed on simulation points light source on guide rail along solar energy condenser lens external diameter parallel, after often moving and moving a step, rebuild and store the position and the shape that converge light, simulation points light source moved after one week, testing software automatic analysis goes out light spot shape and position on receiver, thereby obtain accurate simulation and receive light effect.
Further, can, according to above-mentioned principle, also can adopt area array light source substitution point light source, make the actual automatically testing platform of receiving light effect of simulation, thereby obtain the receipts light effect of each solar concentrator.
Fig. 2 is a kind of embodiment for parabolic condenser light spot shape test platform, and wherein (4) are electronic guide rails, drive with step-servo motor; (5) be hot spot receiving screen; (6) be simulation points light source; (7a), (7b), (7c) and (7d) be the incident ray of pointolite (6) while moving to diverse location; (8a), (8b), (8c) and (8d) be respectively the reflection ray of incident ray after condenser; (9a) be and (9b) respectively the linear charge coupling element CCD in diverse location; (10) be parabolic condenser to be measured; (11) be to control computing machine.
Described measuring table composition structure specifically comprises:
Be positioned over the parabolic condenser to be measured (10) on keel bracket, keel bracket horizontal positioned is parallel with ground to guarantee parabolic condenser to be measured (10);
Be placed on the analog light source (6) on the saddle fixture of electronic guide rail (4), the vertical placement of plane of analog light source (6) and parabolic condenser to be measured (10), computing machine (11) moves along electronic guide rail (4) stepping by serial line interface control simulation light source (6);
Be positioned over conplane hot spot receiving screen (5) with electronic guide rail (4), the central shaft of hot spot receiving screen (5) overlaps with the axis of parabolic condenser to be measured (10), to guarantee that flare can be in the upper demonstration of hot spot receiving screen (5);
Analog light source (6) enters parabolic condenser to be measured (10) for vertical incidence point light, after condenser reflection, converging light incides on hot spot receiving screen (5), and mobile along electronic guide rail (4) in a stepwise manner by step-servo motor, after moving at every turn and moving a step, rebuild and store the position and the shape that converge light by computing machine (11), until cover whole guide rail range;
Computing machine (11) is in the time that analog light source often makes a move on electronic guide rail, by linear CCD to hot spot receiving screen (5) scan image processing, first carry out the coarse positioning of hot spot with binaryzation and overall threshold method, then utilize average gray value method to calculate to converge the exact position coordinate of the hot spot that light forms on receiving screen;
Computing machine (11) obtains a series of converging after facula position coordinate, and calculating is stored in correspondence database after forming hot spot full-size.
Utilize the method for testing of above-mentioned measuring table, its testing procedure is:
First A is placed on parabolic condenser to be measured (10) in keel bracket (not shown), can guarantee that by the keel bracket of horizontal positioned parabolic condenser to be measured (10) is parallel with ground.
B is placed on simulation points light source (6) in the saddle fixture (not shown) of electronic guide rail (4), and with vertical placement of parabolic condenser to be measured (10) plane, computing machine (11) can move along electronic guide rail (4) stepping by serial line interface control simulation light source (6).
C hot spot receiving screen (5) and electronic guide rail (4) be in same plane, and central shaft overlaps with parabolic condenser to be measured (10) axis, thereby guarantee that flare can go up demonstration at hot spot receiving screen (5).
D simulation points light source (6) vertical incidence point light (7a) enters parabolic condenser to be measured (10), after condenser reflection, converges light (8a) and incides on hot spot receiving screen (5).
E computing machine (11) is by linear CCD (9a) or (9b) to hot spot receiving screen (5) scan image processing, first carry out the coarse positioning of hot spot with binaryzation and overall threshold method, then utilize average gray value method to calculate and converge the exact position coordinate of light (8a) at the upper hot spot forming of hot spot receiving screen (5).
F pointolite (6) is mobile along electronic guide rail (4) in a stepwise manner by step-servo motor, after moving at every turn and moving a step, repeat E operation, until cover whole guide rail range, (7b), (7c) and (7d) be the incident ray while moving to diverse location respectively, (8b), (8c) and (8d) be the reflection ray of incident ray after parabolic condenser to be measured (10).
G computing machine (11) obtains a series of converging after facula position coordinate, and calculating is stored in correspondence database after forming hot spot full-size.
Fig. 3 is the light spot shape of being drawn out by computer program after aforesaid operations, can calculate the spot size of condenser according to this shape.
Particularly, it is the green (light) laser of the solid pumping of 532nm that this programme simulation points light source can adopt wavelength, and also can take wavelength is 650 ruddiness point-like laser instrument, and power value can be below 50mW.
Particularly, this programme hot spot receiving screen should be selected the unglazed curtain of white, forms larger contrast with pointolite color.
Particularly, this programme linear CCD position should be placed on condenser axis, and overlap with hot spot receiving screen center line, if because optical collector structure design causes CCD cannot be placed on condenser axis, CCD can be placed on to condenser edge (9b) locates, but in the time calculating spot size, should consider the lopsided error of collection.
Method of testing after another improvement is to replace the pointolite in above-mentioned case with array surface light source, as shown in Figure 4, utilizes array surface light source (12) to replace pointolite (6), thereby has replaced electronic guide rail.
Adopt such method of testing can improve testing efficiency, Fig. 5 adopts the light spot shape obtaining in such a way.
In addition, the condenser system forming for the condenser of other shape, if Fig. 6 is the condenser system that adopts 4 hyperbolic rectangle condensers to form, wherein (13) are the hyperbolic rectangle condensers of 4 same curvature, (14) be light receiving surface, in order to guarantee have more uniform luminous energy current density to distribute on light receiving surface (14), need to guarantee that the light spot shape of each hyperbolic rectangle condenser on light receiving surface (14) is as far as possible consistent.The method of testing that therefore can adopt equally this patent to propose detects.
Fig. 7 is test platform schematic diagram, wherein, (15) be hyperbolic rectangle condenser to be tested, (16) be the array light source that is arranged in cross shape, can test out according to above-mentioned steps equally the light spot shape of each monolithic condenser, thus before system constructing optimal design more.
By foregoing invention thought, can obtain a kind of effectively method of testing for solar concentrator, thereby can guarantee more accurately system effectiveness.
Those skilled in the art will readily understand; the foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not in order to limit the present invention, all any modifications of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the method for testing to solar concentrator light spot shape, is characterized in that, described method comprises:
Step 1, is placed on parabolic condenser to be measured (10) on keel bracket, and keel bracket horizontal positioned is parallel with ground to guarantee parabolic condenser to be measured (10);
Step 2, analog light source (6) is placed on the saddle fixture of electronic guide rail (4), and with vertical placement of plane of parabolic condenser to be measured (10), computing machine (11) moves along electronic guide rail (4) stepping by serial line interface control simulation light source (6);
Step 3, is positioned over same plane by hot spot receiving screen (5) and electronic guide rail (4), and central shaft overlaps with parabolic condenser to be measured (10) axis, to guarantee that flare can go up demonstration at hot spot receiving screen (5);
Step 4, analog light source (6) vertical incidence point light enters parabolic condenser to be measured (10), after condenser reflection, converges light and incides on hot spot receiving screen (5);
Step 5, computing machine (11) by linear CCD to hot spot receiving screen (5) scan image processing, first carry out the coarse positioning of hot spot with binaryzation and overall threshold method, then utilize average gray value method to calculate and converge the exact position coordinate of light at the upper hot spot forming of hot spot receiving screen (5);
Step 6, analog light source (6) is mobile along electronic guide rail (4) in a stepwise manner by step-servo motor, and after moving at every turn and moving a step, repeating step 5 operates, until cover whole guide rail range;
Step 7, computing machine (11) obtains a series of converging after facula position coordinate, and calculating is stored in correspondence database after forming hot spot full-size.
2. method of testing as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described analog light source (6) is array surface light source.
3. method of testing as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described analog light source (6) is pointolite.
4. method of testing as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, described pointolite is that wavelength is the green (light) laser of the solid pumping of 532nm, or the wavelength ruddiness point-like laser instrument that is 650, and performance number is below 50mW.
5. the method for testing as described in claim 1 to 4 any one, is characterized in that, described hot spot receiving screen (5) is the unglazed curtain of white.
6. the test platform to solar concentrator light spot shape, is characterized in that, described test platform comprises:
Be positioned over the parabolic condenser to be measured (10) on keel bracket, keel bracket horizontal positioned is parallel with ground to guarantee parabolic condenser to be measured (10);
Be placed on the analog light source (6) on the saddle fixture of electronic guide rail (4), the vertical placement of plane of analog light source (6) and parabolic condenser to be measured (10), computing machine (11) moves along electronic guide rail (4) stepping by serial line interface control simulation light source (6);
Be positioned over conplane hot spot receiving screen (5) with electronic guide rail (4), the central shaft of hot spot receiving screen (5) overlaps with the axis of parabolic condenser to be measured (10), to guarantee that flare can be in the upper demonstration of hot spot receiving screen (5);
Analog light source (6) enters parabolic condenser to be measured (10) for vertical incidence point light, after condenser reflection, converging light incides on hot spot receiving screen (5), and mobile along electronic guide rail (4) in a stepwise manner by step-servo motor, after moving at every turn and moving a step, rebuild and store the position and the shape that converge light by computing machine (11), until cover whole guide rail range;
Computing machine (11) is in the time that analog light source often makes a move on electronic guide rail, by linear CCD to hot spot receiving screen (5) scan image processing, first carry out the coarse positioning of hot spot with binaryzation and overall threshold method, then utilize average gray value method to calculate to converge the exact position coordinate of the hot spot that light forms on receiving screen;
Computing machine (11) obtains a series of converging after facula position coordinate, and calculating is stored in correspondence database after forming hot spot full-size.
7. method of testing as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, described analog light source (6) is array surface light source.
8. method of testing as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, described analog light source (6) is pointolite.
9. method of testing as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, described pointolite is that wavelength is the green (light) laser of the solid pumping of 532nm, or the wavelength ruddiness point-like laser instrument that is 650, and performance number is below 50mW.
10. the method for testing as described in claim 6 to 9 any one, is characterized in that, described hot spot receiving screen (5) is the unglazed curtain of white.
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| CN106840614A (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-06-13 | 浙江省太阳能产品质量检验中心 | Parabolic condenser is along thermal-collecting tube normal direction light energy-flux density test system |
| CN107146506A (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2017-09-08 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of experimental provision of sphere concentrator spotlight effect checking |
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Application publication date: 20140528 |