CN103821516A - Method for preventing rock burst through secondary pressure relief - Google Patents
Method for preventing rock burst through secondary pressure relief Download PDFInfo
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- CN103821516A CN103821516A CN201410086020.5A CN201410086020A CN103821516A CN 103821516 A CN103821516 A CN 103821516A CN 201410086020 A CN201410086020 A CN 201410086020A CN 103821516 A CN103821516 A CN 103821516A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preventing rock burst through secondary pressure relief. In combination of coal-rock mass geological occurrence conditions and ground stress distribution characteristics, different water jet slotting manners are adopted for slotting coal-rock mass according to different rock burst types, and then powder charge bursting is performed. The method has the advantages as follows: after high-pressure water jet is adopted for axially grooving and radially slotting the coal-rock mass with burst hazard along a drill hole, stress of surrounding rock is redistributed, a concentrated stress zone is transferred to the deep part, and at the same time, a slot group (weak plane) formed by high-pressure water jet slots has a pressure relief function; and then, loosening blasting is performed, so that a fracture is further expanded, deformation energy of the coal-rock mass is released again, secondary pressure relief is realized, and rock burst is effectively prevented. Compared with the most common coal seam water injection and pressure relief bursting, the method has the advantages of short consumed time, good effect, wide pressure relief range and low risk.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to prevent and treat the method for bump, especially a kind of method that is applicable to coal and rock secondary release control bump, belongs to Mine Safety Technology field.
Background technology
In mining process, in the time that the stress around digging space or tunnel exceedes the supporting capacity of coal and rock, there will be the unexpected dynamic property of coal and rock to destroy, to digging space or lane space moment be out of shape in a large number or launch, and discharge a large amount of elasticity energy, Here it is bump (metal mine or tunnel claim rock burst).Bump threatens the mankind's life security also to affect normally carrying out of mining work, is one of major disaster in mine.
At present, the method of administering bump mainly contains Mining Protective Seam, exploiting field reasonable Arrangement, coal-bed flooding, release explosion, large boring, roof break explosion etc., once wherein Mining Protective Seam and the reasonable Arrangement exploiting field not malleable of constructing, large boring cost is high, weak effect, and the most frequently used is coal-bed flooding and release explosion.But, the common length consuming time of coal-bed flooding, cannot construct while running into the geological structures such as tomography, inevasible disturbance, the bump that easily causes hand excavation to cause of causing of simple release explosion.Thereby, the new method control bump high in the urgent need to a kind of efficiency, cost is low.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of technique is proposed simple, easy to operate, safe and reliable, controlled good, the method of respond well secondary release control bump, its essence is water jet slot is combined with loosening blasting, realize and having complementary advantages, to structure type bump, roof break type bump and coal body compression-type bump slot in different ways, coal and rock is carried out to first release, then carry out pine quick-fried, the energy that utilizes explosive to produce further expands coal and rock crack, reduce coal and rock elastic strain energy, thereby reach the object of secondary release.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A method for secondary release control bump, its step comprises:
1) determine and want relief area and bump type according to coal and rock geological condition;
2) to wanting relief area construction drill, in boring, utilize water jet to carry out slot to coal and rock according to bump type;
3) carry out loosening blasting by boring, detonate after-explosion stress wave and detonation gas are propagated along slot direction, make coal seam produce abundant crack, reach the object of release.
Further, need to carry out through hole in the front and back of carrying out described slot, rock dust cinder in boring is cleaned out.
Further, the concrete mode of described slot is:
To structure type bump, adopt in tunnel-surrounding coal and rock along borehole axial grooving and the slot mode that radially slot combines construct, make the even release of roadway surrounding rock, and form gridding slot group;
To roof break type bump, carry out radial water jet slot, make concentrated stress toward slot end-transfer, by different slot bore arrangement mode region releases;
To coal body compression-type bump, adopt at radially slot of coal and rock region, deep, concentrated stress is shifted to deep, thereby reduce this plastic region pressure-bearing.
Further, while utilizing water jet to carry out slot to coal and rock, the water under high pressure pressure of employing is 25-35MPa; Radially slot radius is 0.5-2m, and radially slot thickness is 2-4mm; Axially cutting groove depth is 0.5-2m, and axially notch width is 2-4mm.
Further, slot hole (for the boring of slot) be between row and row quincuncial arrangement, every row's slot pitch of holes is 15m-25m.
Further, the concrete grammar of described explosion is:
A) powder charge: powder stick and primer detonator are sent into boring according to design scheme, adopt not coupling charging and forward detonation way;
B) sealing of hole: use yellow mud and yellow sand sealing of hole, and guarantee that initiation system is intact;
C) explosion: adopt power ignition system to detonate, detonate after-explosion stress wave and detonation gas are propagated along slot direction, make coal seam produce abundant crack.
Further, described sealing of hole yellow mud length is 2～4m, yellow sand segment length 8～12m; The length of polyurethane is 0.5～0.8m; Mono-section of the pvc pipe 1～3m of yellow sand section, totally 5～10 sections.
Further, the length of described powder charge is no less than 2m.
The advantage of secondary release control bump method of the present invention is:
The present invention combines water jet slot with loosening blasting, can better prevent and treat bump and raise the efficiency, and reduces costs.Utilize water jet to carry out slot to coal and rock, can realize slot group crack by slot hole interlaced arrangement connects mutually, thereby form field, large area crack, be equivalent to a structure plane of weakness, can shielding or slacken geostatic stress and weaken the transmission of coal body elastic deformation energy, thereby the destruction of control bump to tunnel, has overcome coal-bed flooding and cannot process the shortcoming of fault tectonic, length consuming time, weak effect.After slot, concentrated stress further shifts to rock mass deep, also has release effect, and the loosening blasting that appears as next step of the slot of presplitting simultaneously provides compensation space, can effectively reduce the close coal and rock of simple loose detonation pressure and produce large disturbance the risk of bringing out impact.In this method, use water jet slot mode owing to there being the existence of water, can glibly the rock ballast in big gun hole be cleaned out, be convenient to the carrying out of follow-up powder charge, can utilize cutting speed and pressure in view of the jet slot degree of depth and adjust at any time, therefore there is not the problem that affects demolition effect because joint-cutting is shallow.Therefore, water jet slot loosening blasting of the present invention control bump method cost is low, and efficiency is high, effective, relief range is wide, risk is little, has larger application and popularization value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is water jet slot loosening blasting control bump schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is big gun of the present invention hole sealing of hole section schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is radially slot schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the axial slot schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the radial and axial slot schematic diagram that combines of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is gridding slot schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram that slot of the present invention hole is quincuncial arrangement.
In figure, 1 is rock mass, and 2 is coal body, and 3 is big gun hole, and 4 is pvc pipe, and 5 is explosive, and 6 is slot, and 7 is polyurethane, and 8 is yellow sand, and 9 is yellow mud, 10 slot thickness, 11 slot radiuses, 12 notch widths, 13 cutting groove depths.
The specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiments and the drawings, the present invention will be further described.
The method of secondary release control bump of the present invention, its concrete measure is as follows:
(1) addressing: according to coal and rock geological condition, determine pilot region, and tentatively conclude bump type.
(2) pore-forming: to wanting relief area construction drill hole flushing.
(3) water jet slot: to structure type bump adopt in tunnel-surrounding coal and rock along borehole axial grooving and the slot mode that radially slot combines construct, make the even release of roadway surrounding rock, and form gridding slot group; Roof break type bump is carried out to radial water jet slot, make concentrated stress toward slot end-transfer, by different slot bore arrangement mode region releases; Coal body compression-type bump is adopted at radially slot of coal and rock region, deep, concentrated stress is shifted to deep, thereby reduce this plastic region pressure-bearing.Preferably, slot hole (for the boring of slot) be between row and row quincuncial arrangement, as shown in Figure 7, every row's slot pitch of holes is 15m-25m.
(4) hole flushing: clean slot hole, the coal petrography slag in boring is got rid of.
(5) powder charge: powder stick and primer detonator are sent into boring according to design scheme, adopt not coupling charging and forward detonation way.
(6) sealing of hole: use yellow mud and yellow sand sealing of hole, and guarantee that initiation system is intact.
(7) explosion: adopt power ignition system to detonate, detonate after-explosion stress wave and detonation gas are propagated along slot direction, make coal seam produce abundant crack.
Specific embodiment is provided below.
Embodiment mono-
Certain ore deposit, rock consolidating coefficient f=3, the solid coefficient f=1 of coal, beats layer-through drilling with rig to coal and rock in the position of choosing, as shown in Figure 1, and rock mass 1 thickness 32m, coal body 2 thickness 3m, hole depth 36m, aperture is 113mm; Then through hole, cleans out the rock dust cinder in boring, carries out radially hydraulic slotted liner technique, as shown in schematic diagram 3, and the schematic diagram in A-A cross section in (a) figure that wherein (b) figure on the right is the left side, in figure, 3 is big gun hole, 6 is slot; Then the explosive 5 that installs detonator is put into pvc pipe 4, each section of pipe range 2m, sends into 11 sections of pvc pipes; Then the pvc pipe of filling yellow sand 8 of same length (being 2m equally) is sent into big gun hole, and bundle the polyurethane 7 of 0.5m at every section of middle part, assurance pvc pipe, in big gun hole central authorities, is sent into 5 sections altogether; Then use yellow mud 9 sealing of holes, length 4m, uses rod tamping; Finally connect initiation system, confirm after errorless to detonate.Thereby reach the quick-fried object of pine.Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of big gun hole sealing of hole section.
Embodiment bis-
Certain ore deposit, rock consolidating coefficient f=5, the solid coefficient f=2 of coal, beats layer-through drilling with rig to coal and rock in the position of choosing, rock mass 1 thickness 37m, coal body 2 thickness 4m, hole depth 42, aperture is 94mm; Then through hole, cleans out the rock dust cinder in boring, carries out axial slot, the schematic diagram in B-B cross section in (a) figure that wherein (b) figure on the right is the left side as shown in schematic diagram 4, and in figure, 3 is big gun hole, 6 is slot; Then the explosive 5 that installs detonator is put into pvc pipe 4, pipe range 2m, sends into 15 sections of pvc pipes; Then the pvc pipe of filling yellow sand 8 of same length (being 2m equally) is sent into big gun hole, and bundle the polyurethane 7 of 0.5m at every section of middle part, assurance pvc pipe, in big gun hole central authorities, is sent into 5 sections altogether; Then use yellow mud 9 sealing of holes, length 3m, uses rod tamping; Finally connect initiation system, confirm after errorless to detonate.Thereby reach the quick-fried object of pine.
Embodiment tri-
Certain ore deposit, rock consolidating coefficient f=4, the solid coefficient f=3 of coal, beats layer-through drilling with rig to coal and rock in the position of choosing, rock mass 1 thickness 50m, coal body 2 thickness 5m, hole depth 56, aperture is 94mm; Then through hole, cleans out the rock dust cinder in boring, adopts radially slot to prevent and treat bump with the mode that axially grooving combines, as shown in schematic diagram 5, the schematic diagram in C-C cross section in (a) figure that wherein (b) figure on the right is the left side, in figure, 3 is big gun hole, 6 is slot; Then the explosive 5 that installs detonator is put into pvc pipe 4, pipe range 2m, sends into 25 sections of pvc pipes; Then the pvc pipe of filling yellow sand 8 of same length (being 2m equally) is sent into big gun hole, and bundle the polyurethane 7 of 0.5m at every section of middle part, assurance pvc pipe, in big gun hole central authorities, is sent into 5 sections altogether; Then use yellow mud 9 sealing of holes, length 5m, uses rod tamping; Finally connect initiation system, confirm after errorless to detonate.Thereby reach the quick-fried object of pine.
In addition to the implementation, in other embodiment, also can adopt the mode of multiple radially slots, form gridding slot, as shown in Figure 6.In this, the advantage of gridding slot is even release, prevents that the stress that forms regional area after slot from concentrating.
Above embodiment is only in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described but not be limited; those of ordinary skill in the art can modify or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention; and not departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with described in claim.
Claims (9)
1. a method for secondary release control bump, its step comprises:
1) determine and want relief area and bump type according to coal and rock geological condition;
2) to wanting relief area construction drill, in boring, utilize water jet to carry out slot to coal and rock according to bump type;
3) carry out loosening blasting by boring, detonate after-explosion stress wave and detonation gas are propagated along slot direction, make coal seam produce abundant crack, reach the object of release.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that: through hole is carried out in the front and back of carrying out described slot, and rock dust cinder in boring is cleaned out.
3. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, the concrete mode of described slot is:
To structure type bump, adopt in tunnel-surrounding coal and rock along borehole axial grooving and the slot mode that radially slot combines construct, make the even release of roadway surrounding rock, and form gridding slot group;
To roof break type bump, carry out radial water jet slot, make concentrated stress toward slot end-transfer, by different slot bore arrangement mode region releases;
To coal body compression-type bump, adopt at radially slot of coal and rock region, deep, concentrated stress is shifted to deep, thereby reduce this plastic region pressure-bearing.
4. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that: while utilizing water jet to carry out slot to coal and rock, the water under high pressure pressure of employing is 25～35MPa; Radially slot radius is 0.5～2m, and radially slot thickness is 2～4mm; Axially cutting groove depth is 0.5～2m, and axially notch width is 2～4mm.
5. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that: slot hole be between row and row quincuncial arrangement, every row's slot pitch of holes is 15m～25m.
6. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, the concrete grammar of described explosion is:
A) powder charge: powder stick and primer detonator are sent into boring according to design scheme, adopt not coupling charging and forward detonation way;
B) sealing of hole: use yellow mud and yellow sand sealing of hole, and guarantee that initiation system is intact;
C) explosion: adopt power ignition system to detonate, detonate after-explosion stress wave and detonation gas are propagated along slot direction, make coal seam produce abundant crack.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that: sealing of hole yellow mud length is 2～4m, yellow sand segment length 8～12m; The length of polyurethane is 0.5～0.8m.
8. method as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that: in pvc pipe, pack yellow sand into, form yellow sand section, every section of long 1～3m of pvc pipe, totally 5～10 sections.
9. method as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that: the length of described powder charge is not less than 2m.
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| CN104594898A (en) * | 2014-11-10 | 2015-05-06 | 山东科技大学 | Hard top plate waterflooding pressure relief treatment method |
| CN105571414A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-05-11 | 武汉大学 | Jet flow slotting assisted slight blasting method for underground construction |
| CN105569659A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-05-11 | 中国矿业大学 | Tunnel hydraulic cutting line oriented blasting roof cutting pressure relief method |
| CN107227976A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-10-03 | 中南大学 | A kind of underground pressure management method suitable for underground mine deep mining |
| CN108801086A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-11-13 | 中国矿业大学 | Deep hole loosens stress pre-released hydraulically blasting method and device |
| CN108915686A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-11-30 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of coal road danger of burst area bore hole axis-two-way pressure relief method of diameter |
| CN109779633A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-05-21 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Coal mine tight roof fluid pressure type orients fracturing method for weakening |
| CN111270987A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2020-06-12 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for accurately preventing and controlling rock burst in remote area under coal mine |
| CN111911158A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-11-10 | 华北科技学院 | Directional fracturing top-control pressure relief device for hard top plate |
| CN111927456A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-11-13 | 山东科技大学 | Dynamic-loading deep mining area coal pillar instability unloading-fixing-letting multistage prevention and control method |
| CN112483095A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-03-12 | 山东科技大学 | Method for preventing and controlling rock burst of roadway in fault fracture area |
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| CN116335701A (en) * | 2023-05-30 | 2023-06-27 | 华能煤炭技术研究有限公司 | Pressure relief method for rock burst roadway |
| CN116663097A (en) * | 2023-04-17 | 2023-08-29 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Method for designing advanced stress release hole parameters of rock burst source region of deep-buried hard rock construction tunnel |
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| CN116335701B (en) * | 2023-05-30 | 2023-09-22 | 华能煤炭技术研究有限公司 | Pressure relief method for rock burst roadway |
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