CN103818527A

CN103818527A - Ship close-range collision preventation device and method, umbrella and ship

Info

Publication number: CN103818527A
Application number: CN201410083808.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗琮贵
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2014-03-10
Filing date: 2014-03-10
Publication date: 2014-05-28
Also published as: CN106275309A; CN106081009A

Abstract

A ship close-range collision preventation device is provided with a resistance body, a connecting body and a recovering device, wherein the two ends of the connecting body are connected with the resistance body and the recovering device respectively. A long-range umbrella is provided with umbrella ribs made of rigid materials, and the umbrella ribs are attached to a canopy or embedded in the canopy. The recovering device in the ship close-range collision preventation device is mounted on a ship, thus forming a close-range collision preventation ship. The close-range collision preventation ship generally adopts the long-range umbrella as the resistance body, a mooring rope as the connecting body and a mooring winch as the recovering device, and is equipped with umbrella body launchers, such as a cable launching gun or a catapult, when in use, an umbrella body is launched to water areas at the side face of the ship, in front of the ship or in the back of the ship, then the umbrella body is forcibly recovered, so that the turning radius, the horizontal translation, flank ahead or rapid deceleration of the ship are greatly reduced, accordingly front collision and side collision are avoided, and the method is to utilize water resistance to pull the ship for preventing collision and emergent driving. A ship midpiece force application collision preventation method is to enable acting force to fall onto the midpoint or midpiece of a section between two points of a nose and a stern for preventing collision.

Description

Boats and ships are equipment for collision avoidance, umbrella, ship and method closely

Technical field

Boats and ships are equipment for collision avoidance closely, is the device of hiding ship, wrack, obstacle or terminal facilities collision for boats and ships, also can be used as ship propulsion system temporarily.

Long drive umbrella, belongs to a kind of umbrella or zither that disposes umbrella body restraint device and device for opening.

Closely collision prevention ship, belongs to a kind of ship that is equipped with equipment for collision avoidance, has collision prevention function.

Middle part application of force ship collision prevention method is to make it hide the method for collision by traction boats and ships.

Resistance body traction water resistance traction ship collision prevention and emergency driving method are by traction boats and ships, the method that forces it to accelerate, slow down, dwindle turn radius or transverse translation.

Background technology

One .[0002] keep away bullet field in civilian boat collision prevention and warship, there are radar, sonar, GPS/DGPS and AIS etc. for finding in time observation and the communication technology of ship, obstacle or fly bomb, and had some automatic Collision Avoidance technology based on this type of observation and communication technology and automatically kept away bullet technology.But, for the technical barrier of two essence that causes closely collision prevention failure, properly settle so far way.These two technical barriers are:

(1) how significantly to dwindle boats and ships turn radius?

Because boats and ships coherence is huge, cause turn radius huge, therefore, as long as this problem can not get solving, no matter existing collision prevention technology is manual, semi-automatic or full automatic, in fact all can only be referred to as " at a distance " collision prevention technology, in closer distance, they are all helpless.And sea situation is severe, human negligence, turn to (coming about) system failure, monitoring instrument malfunctioning, provide the unforeseen circumstancess such as fast confusing communication and have unavoidably generation, under this kind of unexpected condition, while finding collision risk, boats and ships distance often becomes " closely ".Only find the method and apparatus that significantly dwindles boats and ships turn radius, in any case just can make to avoid " closely " of collision, become " at a distance " that be enough to easily hide collision.

(2) how to realize the quick transverse translation of boats and ships?

Transverse translation is to make the method for static boats and ships with rectilinear motion mode region out of danger, is also to make boats and ships in stays or that have little time to turn to hightail the method in dangerous navigation channel in minor radius sharply turning mode.

Although people have worked out many operating instructions, and invented some for finding and automatically dodge in time the equipment of ship, Collision Accidents of Ships still happens occasionally, and its part is due to steering swivel system temporary derangement, malfunctioning.Now, if can there be a powerful horizontal force to put on boats and ships, so, boats and ships just could be made the sharply turning of minor radius, or are out of danger/escape from raw day by transverse translation!

But, how could produce so powerful horizontal force?

Modern naval battle, guided missile has become the maximum killer of naval vessels and aircraft carrier, and when electronic machine finds that guided missile is while attacking, boats and ships are except relying on defence network of fire interception guided missile, and it is also that actv. is kept away one of bullet measure that turning is hidden.But guided missile can be by the track of prediction ship's navigation, and boats and ships can not transverse translation under prior art condition, again can not be with very little radius unexpected sharply turning, therefore guided missile is easy to Accurate Prediction motion of ship track and pinpointing.Obviously, if boats and ships can be made sharply turning or transverse translation, the difficulty of its track of Missile Forecast will increase greatly so, and the probability that boats and ships are successfully hidden guided missile also will correspondingly increase greatly.

But, how just can make boats and ships realize sharply turning or transverse translation?

Two. civilian boat can cast anchor and wait for that towboat makes a return voyage in driving engine and screw propeller equal power device generation major failure fashion, loss be only time and money.And battleship can be in fighting, cannot hide in the time that engine installation is damaged by enemy desperate situation, even if there is engine installation for subsequent use, under sea warfare condition, also cannot install and use immediately, and stand-by power unit also can tie up boats and ships space and reduce bullet-loading capacity.

Can find a kind of convenient method that be used at any time replacing the original drive system of boats and ships?

Can the device of implementing this method be that volume is little, lightweight, easy-to-operate, can start at any time?

Three. at present, the brake of boats and ships (especially large ship) and reversing are also far from being reliability and agility.

Can find a kind of ship-lifting brake or the reliability of reversing and the method and apparatus of agility?

Can this device be accomplished that volume is little, lightweight, easy to operate, under the emergency state, can start moment?

Four. no matter ship collision prevention is still kept away bullet, all needs fast operating, and preferably can key operation or an automation mechanized operation.

Can combine with electronic monitoring instrument and automatic collision avoidance system by volume is little, lightweight device?

In order to properly settle above-mentioned technical matters, invention below special proposition.

Summary of the invention

Technical scheme and beneficial effect

One. boats and ships are technical scheme and the beneficial effect of equipment for collision avoidance closely

(1) the closely technical scheme of equipment for collision avoidance of boats and ships

1. the closely base case of equipment for collision avoidance of boats and ships:

Have resistance body, connector and regenerative apparatus, one end of connector is connected with resistance body, and the other end is connected with regenerative apparatus.。

So-called resistance body, is can pocket to receive the object of water body, or has the object of obstructing surface, that is be the object that can be subject to huge water resistance in the time of underwater exercise.Resistance body is requisite acting point when boats and ships are pulled away to hazardous location, and therefore its water resistance being subject to is the bigger the better.In order not tie up space and economic and the load carrying ability of boats and ships, the weight of resistance body is more gently better, and resistance body preferably can draw in, shrink or be folding before rendering in water, and throws in into water front volume the smaller the betterly, enters water and launches rear water area and be the bigger the better.Consider from in-use performance and economic benefit, resistance body preferably can possess following feature simultaneously: be convenient to throw, be convenient to open, be convenient to reclaim and repeated usage.Such as zither clothing, canopy, just can become reasonable resistance body.

So-called connector, refers to object and the annex thereof that resistance body firmly can be connected with regenerative apparatus, such as hawser, iron chains or draw bar, by their and resistance body and the firm also visual component part that connects body of annex (such as the joint of hawser) being connected of boats and ships.Connector sometimes also can be regarded as the some of resistance body, and such as the thick umbrella rope of long drive umbrella, it is a part for long drive umbrella, but in the time that connector is all hawser, also becomes a part for connector in its realization.

So-called regenerative apparatus, refers in fact also be to provide the device that resistance body initiatively can be reclaimed tractive force boats and ships are drawn close to resistance body, realizes be promptly the shifted engine installation of hedging of boats and ships.

Regenerative apparatus in the present invention can be reserved or the not reserved port being connected with boats and ships.

2. closely one of selected scheme of equipment for collision avoidance of boats and ships:

Adopt hereinafter described long drive umbrella or any umbrella (wherein not getting rid of any drag parachute, parachute, umbrella and kite) as resistance body, adopt tracting cable as connector, adopt cable winder (being tracting cable regenerative apparatus) as regenerative apparatus.

In the invention of this series, " zither " can regard as " umbrella ", and the concept of " umbrella " has contained " umbrella " and " zither ".

Umbrella opens fast and in air, produces large drag forces with umbrella in air, all enough soon as prerequisite take the relative velocity (wind speed) of itself and air, otherwise just cannot obtain enough parachute-opening impulse forces and enough huge resistance, and umbrella to reach its aerial kinematic velocity possibility hardly in water.But because the density of water is nearly 800 times of density of air, therefore, umbrella is in water time, do not need high-speed motion can obtain enough parachute-opening impulse forces and enough huge resistances yet.

Boats and ships closely the selected scheme of equipment for collision avoidance two:

Adopt stay cord to uncord device as canopy (or pack), one end connection canopy restraint device of stay cord maybe can be opened the device of restraint device.

So-called " canopy " herein, refers to canopy or the zither clothing of any type refer to that receiving for going for a drive of umbrella or zither stopped or the face of current.

Boats and ships closely the selected scheme of equipment for collision avoidance three:

On the basis of one of selected scheme, adopt microexplosion device to uncord device as canopy, and with time delay device or immersion power-on circuit control blast fuse.

So-called " microexplosion device ", refers to the exploder that explosive force is small, and its blast dynamics should guarantee to open restraint device, umbrella can not be damaged again.

Microexplosion device mainly contains two kinds,

A kind of: to adopt the microexplosion device with time delay device, time delay device control blast fuse.The startup office of time delay device by stay cord fixing with (on boats and ships) or the movable contact of fastening be connected.When long drive umbrella is launched or throws, stay cord must pull this office and start time delay device, as long as the time point one postponing arrives, microexplosion device will explode and open restraint device.

Another kind of: adopt the microexplosion device with electromagnetism igniter, the circuit of electromagnetism igniter has the feature of immersion energising.Fall into the water when long drive umbrella is launched or throws to put in place, the circuit of electromagnetism igniter is immersed in the water thereupon, and water makes circuit connect and ignite.

Boats and ships closely the selected scheme of equipment for collision avoidance four:

On the basis of one of selected scheme, the end of parachute lanyard (being that one end that is not connected to restraint device) is connected to the closed key of motor circuit (motor start-up switch) of cable winder.

When parachute lanyard length to the greatest extent, can not extend again flight time, pack can draw stay cord at inertia impulsive force, therefore pack can be ripped in one end of stay cord, the other end can pull closing of circuit key, make motor circuit closure, thereby automatically perform parachute-opening and recorery parachute body task, whole process has the effect of accomplishing without any letup.

Because need to having enough pulling force, parachute lanyard just can open pack, therefore must select the closed key of sufficiently solid contactor as tracting cable motor circuit, or for this switch arranges actv. buffer gear, otherwise may make switch impaired, even may make package unit malfunctioning.

(2) the closely principle of equipment for collision avoidance of boats and ships

After resistance body is devoted in the water of distant place, the powerful resistance body that reclaims will inevitably make hull and resistance body mutually draw close, therefore, just will inevitably obtain enough large antagonistic force from water body and force boats and ships quick steering, quick transverse translation, promptly acceleration or promptly deceleration as long as resistance body has enough large upstream face.

Obviously, urgent translation or break turn are the best approaches of dodging front and come ship, wrack or front obstacle, are also the effective means that battleship is promptly hidden missile attack.Extra accelerate or extra deceleration is emergency brake, crash reversal or the urgent effective means of accelerating, emergency brake, crash reversal or urgent acceleration are the best approaches of dodging side and come ship or side wrack.

(3) the closely beneficial effect of equipment for collision avoidance of boats and ships

1. can make boats and ships turn radius greatly dwindle, turning speed improves greatly.

Even if 2. fore has little time deflecting direction, or turn to (coming about) system down and in stays, also can make boats and ships turn fast.

Even if 3. boats and ships are in craspedodrome state or quiescence, also can realize boats and ships transverse translation.

4. greatly improve the urgent collision prevention of boats and ships and warship and hide the success ratio of missile attack.

5. greatly improve fiduciary level and the agility of boats and ships (especially big-and-middle-sized boats and ships) brake and reversing.

6. in the time of civilian boat power system major failure, make boats and ships obtain the power of substituting, thereby avoid being forced to cast anchor the economic loss of wait towboat and the various danger of casting anchor in sea at once.

7. while damage in the attacked attack of warship power system, make warship at once obtain substituting power and change can only be passive and vulnerable to attack miserable situation.

8. in the time that boats and ships need to accelerate to navigate by water, this method can also provide the another acceleration device outside normal engine installation to boats and ships.

9. volume is little, lightweight, does not tie up too much space and load carrying ability.

10. simple in structure, dependable performance.

Low and the simple operation of 11. costs, is easy to spread.

12. some type of the present invention also can be used as marine powerplant.

Two. the technical scheme of long drive umbrella and beneficial effect

(1) technical scheme of long drive umbrella

1. the base case of long drive umbrella:

Have the umbrella rib of being made by rigid material, umbrella rib is attached on canopy or is embedded in canopy.

Here said " attaching " preferably attaching closely.The umbrella rib of existing umbrella is to be also only attached at canopy, the point of connection of its umbrella rib and canopy is sparse, be between two adjacent point of connection of same rib and canopy, have more remote, therefore attaching is undertighten, and the point of connection of every umbrella rib of the present invention and canopy with intensive for well, especially take whole rib all with canopy do seamless link as best.In addition, general umbrella is only pasted with umbrella rib in one side inwards, and umbrella rib of the present invention also can be in the outside one side of umbrella, can also be that the two sides of umbrella all arranges umbrella rib.

2. one of selected scheme of long drive umbrella:

Canopy or umbrella rib are connected with thin umbrella rope, and thin umbrella rope is more than 2, all thin umbrella ropes put together be 1 group, two groups or more, thin umbrella rope is on the same group connected with same thick umbrella rope, not cablet rope on the same group and different thick umbrella rope connection.

(2) principle of long drive umbrella

Because canopy or zither clothing draw in, reunite and in bond, therefore can throw fartherly or throw get Geng Gao.

The point of connection that is more than or equal to itself and thick umbrella rope due to the length of parachute lanyard is to the straight-line distance uncording between device, therefore leading parachute lanyard in the process that slightly umbrella rope, thin umbrella rope and parachute lanyard together fly restraint device can not opened (if too short at pack, parachute lanyard in fact just becomes the connector that canopy leads thick umbrella rope to advance, thick umbrella rope backward brute force is pullled parachute lanyard, thereby makes parachute lanyard open umbrella body restraint device).

Equally due to the length of parachute lanyard be more than or equal to its with the point of connection of umbrella rope slightly to the straight-line distance uncording between device, therefore overboard at pack and when starting mooring winch and reclaiming thick umbrella rope, first thick umbrella rope can affect parachute lanyard and rip restraint device, or in traction canopy, affect parachute lanyard to rip restraint device, thereby while guaranteeing to start mooring winch, restraint device must no longer fetter canopy and allow it freely open.

And after canopy opens, along with mooring winch reclaims thick umbrella rope fast, it will inevitably be washed open by waterpower, therefore canopy will inevitably form enough tractive forces to boats and ships.

Be transmitted into behind high-altitude as for the present invention, along with the bearing down of weight, or along with mooring winch reclaims thick umbrella rope fast, canopy also will inevitably be washed open by wind-force.

(3) purposes of long drive umbrella

As the closely resistance body in equipment for collision avoidance of boats and ships, or as umbrella or the zither that need to first be transmitted at a distance or then just open in high-altitude.

(4) beneficial effect of long drive umbrella

1. compared with the pack of other types, be more convenient for transmitting or throwing, and can launch or throwing obtains farther or higher.Especially have the long drive umbrella of rigidity umbrella rib, after its canopy draws in, whole pack is tall and thin as javelin or club, and umbrella rib becomes the keel of pack, therefore throw or transmitting throwing or the power consumption of launching is less, flying distance is farther as being convenient to as javelin.

2. can be as stabilized flight as javelin, even if distance flight also can not be rolled, and flight can insert rapidly in water after putting in place, for Putting into water rapidly, open fast, produce fast large drag forces and create conditions.

3. because shape is as umbrella, therefore, as can be blown open by strong wind easily in umbrella, its canopy also can washed open by the current of relative motion in the twinkling of an eye especially, thereby wins the more time for boats and ships hedging.

4. because shape is as umbrella, therefore without the meticulous standard pack that is folded into, after being recovered on ship, only need the such quick gathering of elephanta umbrella, simply bundle again, transmitting again at once, therefore be extremely suitable as interim actuator (need to repeatedly reclaim while being used as interim actuator and draw in and launch again fast), be also extremely suitable for needing the occasion (as battleship, aircraft carrier are hidden intensive bomb, missile attack) of a chain of collision prevention.

5. after drawing in, form bar-shaped pack, and that bar-shaped pack takes up space on boats and ships is less, is convenient to store more throwing umbrella for subsequent use.

Four. the closely technical scheme of collision prevention ship and beneficial effect

(1) technical scheme of collision prevention ship closely

1. the supporting technology scheme of collision prevention ship closely:

Be provided with or dispose closely equipment for collision avoidance of previously described boats and ships, its regenerative apparatus is connected with boats and ships.

2. one of selected scheme of collision prevention ship closely:

Also dispose delivery device, delivery device is directly or indirectly connected with boats and ships

So-called delivery device, refers to resistance body to be sent to the device of setting regions.It can be harpoon gun, penetrate the slinger that cable big gun, line throwing appliance, Throwing device, basilisk, ejector etc. can be gone out the impelling of resistance body, also can be that rocket, torpedo, aircraft, helicopter, model plane etc. can carry the toter that resistance body together flies, can also be the buoyant device that ship, raft, remote control ship model etc. have marine drive.

Delivery device can directly be connected with boats and ships, also can indirectly be connected with boats and ships, such as hand-held or cart type penetrate umbrella big gun, projector etc., such as the helicopter for throwing in resistance body, small boat raft etc., be exactly the delivery device being directly connected with boats and ships again.

(2) beneficial effect of collision prevention ship closely

1. make boats and ships possess the special ability of quick sharply turning and transverse translation;

2. there are closely all beneficial effects of equipment for collision avoidance of boats and ships;

3. can be connected with radar autoalarm system and start collision prevention mechanism in a flash;

4. can realize automation mechanized operation completely to finishing (such as recorery parachute body) whole process from starting (such as transmitting umbrella body).

Five. technical scheme and the beneficial effect of boats and ships stage casing application of force collision prevention method

(1) technical scheme of boats and ships stage casing application of force collision prevention method

1. the base case of middle part application of force ship collision prevention method:

Hull is applied to application force, force its acceleration, deceleration, turning or transverse translation, it is characterized in that: application force drops on mid point or stage casing (rather than the dropping on fore or stern) between fore and stern at 2, the direction of application force and formation right angle, boats and ships axis or any angle except 0 ° and 108 °, thus hull quick steering, transverse translation, additionally acceleration or additionally deceleration fast forced.

Full ship is longitudinally divided into three sections, and one section that mediates be " stage casing " that epimere is said.

2. the selected scheme of boats and ships stage casing application of force collision prevention method:

Implement base case by configuring and operate above any in " boats and ships are the equipment for collision avoidance closely " introduced.

(2) boats and ships stage casing application of force collision prevention ratio juris

Existing ship is to settle propelling unit on the quarter substantially, although settle stern propelling unit can change the direction of propulsive force, even can make the formation right angle, axis of propulsive force and boats and ships or approach right angle, but even so, also can only reach and make the quick deflection fore of boats and ships direction, can not significantly dwindle boats and ships turn radius, more can not make boats and ships transverse translation.But if propelling unit is placed in to mid point or the stage casing between fore and stern at 2, so, when formation right angle, the axis of propulsive force and boats and ships or while approaching right angle, boats and ships just can significantly dwindle turn radius or transverse translation.

(3) beneficial effect of middle part application of force ship collision prevention method

1. can make static ship lateral offset;

2. with less dynamics, boats and ships turn radius is significantly dwindled;

3. both can utilize previously described boats and ships closely equipment for collision avoidance make boats and ships sharply turning or transverse translation, can utilize again existing ship propelling unit to reach same object.

4. can be for researching and developing closely collision prevention ship of another kind.

Five. technical scheme and the beneficial effect of water resistance traction ship collision prevention and emergency driving method

(1) technical scheme of water resistance traction ship collision prevention and emergency driving method

1. the base case of water resistance traction ship collision prevention and emergency driving method:

Hull is applied to application force, force it to accelerate, slow down, dwindle turn radius or transverse translation, it is characterized in that: the one end with connector is connected with resistance body, be connected, and regenerative apparatus is connected with boats and ships with its other end with regenerative apparatus; Resistance body is shipped in vessel's side, waters above or below, then reclaim or shrink connector and hull is drawn close to resistance body, forcing hull quick steering, transverse translation, the extra object of accelerating, additionally slowing down or replace marine drive fast thereby reach.

The vertical distance of resistance body place of entry and this ship axis, should determine with actual conditions, if only for dwindling boats and ships turn radius, this vertical distance is changeable so, but, if reach the object of collision prevention in short range, this vertical distance generally should not be less than the width of this boat deck.Why like this, be because this ship in axis just to coming under the prerequisite of ship or obstacle, even if ignore other factors and suppose that the other side's frontal width is little of negligible, this ship will reach the object of collision prevention, the amplitude of its transverse translation also must exceed the width of 0.5 this boat deck, and in the process that this ship is drawn close to resistance body, resistance body is also being drawn close to hull, therefore in the time of the width on 0.5 deck of this ship transverse translation, the resistance body in opposite directions amplitude of translation must be greater than the width of 0.5 this boat deck, that is to say, need to expand the factor of resistance body place of entry and this ship axis vertical distance even if do not consider other, this distance also should not be less than the width of this boat deck.

For by the impelling of resistance body or be shipped to distance enough far away, therefore need the delivery device of purchasing aboard ship, delivery device can be emission-type or throwing type (as penetrating cable big gun, line throwing appliance, mouse etc.), can be also (as small boat, raft or the model plane etc.) of the formula of transporting.Whether delivery device is fixedly connected on boats and ships, should determine with actual needs, ship, raft or model plane etc. obviously can not be fixed aboard ship, only have projector or thrower can be fixed on ship, but except some are relatively large, inconvenience is mobile or need to be by the projector of robot control or kicker, general projector or kicker do not need seat on boats and ships.The resistance body of throwing in when needs is less, throws in apart from also little, and is not set as automatic emission mode, even can adopt hand-held type miniature feedway as delivery device.

In order to reclaim rapidly resistance body, reach the object that makes ship rapid traverse, also need to be equipped with powerful regenerative apparatus, regenerative apparatus should be connected with boats and ships, both can directly be connected with boats and ships, also can between be connected with boats and ships by connector.(when connector had not only been connected with regenerative apparatus, but also while being connected with boats and ships, regenerative apparatus just can directly not be connected with boats and ships.Such as, the end of hawser is connected with boats and ships, and is wound in cable winder by arbitrary section of hawser, in fact realized and being connected with boats and ships by hawser as the cable winder of regenerative apparatus like this),

One end of connector is connected with resistance body, and the other end should be connected with regenerative apparatus, resistance body and boats and ships could be connected as one like this, starts regenerative apparatus connector is shunk, and (drawing close to resistance body in fact exactly) just can be shifted ship.

, do not repeat at this introducing above about concepts such as " resistance body ", " connector ", " delivery devices " and " regenerative apparatus ".

2. the selected scheme of water resistance traction ship collision prevention and emergency driving method:

By configure and operate previously described boats and ships closely equipment for collision avoidance implement water resistance traction ship collision prevention and emergency driving method.

3. the boats and ships selected scheme that closely equipment for collision avoidance water resistance is drawn ship collision prevention and emergency driving method water resistance traction ship collision prevention and emergency driving method:

By previously described boats and ships closely equipment for collision avoidance be connected and support the use with automatic monitoring warning instrument (such as the automatic system based on radar system or AIS system); Give the automatic monitoring warning instrument setting grade alarm of endangering most, and utilize transmitting or the start-up circuit of electric signal, optical signal or acoustical signal control delivery device that " danger level an alarm " send, make automatic monitoring warning instrument in " alarm of danger level ", touch inevitably the closed key of start-up circuit (automatically transmitting or throw in resistance body) of delivery device sending.

So-called " the alarm of danger level ", refer to come ship, wrack or obstacle enter different stage apart from time the automatic monitor different alarm signals that send in highest-ranking one." danger level an alarm " represents to come that the distance of ship, wrack or obstacle and this ship is near, to not starting immediately device of the present invention and just cannot avoid the degree of collision.

Obviously, start boats and ships closely the convenient way of equipment for collision avoidance be to utilize " danger level an alarm " exclusive electromagnetic signal or aud. snl. to touch to make its start-up circuit closure.

(2) principle of water resistance traction ship collision prevention and emergency driving method:

Please refer to " boats and ships are the principle of equipment for collision avoidance closely " above.

(3) beneficial effect of water resistance traction ship collision prevention and emergency driving method

Please refer to " boats and ships are the beneficial effect of equipment for collision avoidance closely " above.

Accompanying drawing explanation

One. figure number explanation

Fig. 1: a kind of boats and ships are equipment for collision avoidance schematic diagram closely

Fig. 2: a kind of boats and ships are equipment for collision avoidance schematic diagram closely

Fig. 3: a kind of boats and ships are equipment for collision avoidance schematic diagram closely

Fig. 4: a kind of boats and ships are equipment for collision avoidance schematic diagram closely

Fig. 5: a kind of single umbrella body drag parachute schematic diagram

Fig. 6: a kind of boats and ships are equipment for collision avoidance schematic diagram closely

Fig. 7: a kind of boats and ships are equipment for collision avoidance schematic diagram closely

Fig. 8: a kind of boats and ships are equipment for collision avoidance schematic diagram closely

Fig. 9: a kind of boats and ships are equipment for collision avoidance schematic diagram closely

Figure 10: a kind of boats and ships are equipment for collision avoidance schematic diagram closely

Figure 11: enter water power-on circuit schematic diagram

Figure 12: the schematic diagram that enters the positive and negative polarities of water power-on circuit

Figure 13: the schematic diagram after a kind of drag parachute of many umbrellas body launches

Figure 14: the schematic diagram after a kind of drag parachute of many umbrellas body draws in

Figure 15: a kind of umbrella rib spread pattern schematic diagram of long drive umbrella

Figure 16: a kind of umbrella rib spread pattern schematic diagram of long drive umbrella

Figure 17: a kind of umbrella rib spread pattern schematic diagram of long drive umbrella

Figure 18: a kind of umbrella rib spread pattern schematic diagram of long drive umbrella

Figure 19: a kind of umbrella rib spread pattern schematic diagram of long drive umbrella

Figure 20: a kind of umbrella rib spread pattern schematic diagram of long drive umbrella

Figure 21: a kind of umbrella rib spread pattern schematic diagram of long drive umbrella

Two. label declaration

Drawing reference numeral explanation:

1. canopy (umbrella body)

The canopy of 1-1. the first umbrella

The canopy of 1-2. the second umbrella

The canopy of 1-3. the 3rd umbrella

2. umbrella rib

3. umbrella top

4. thin umbrella rope

5. thick umbrella rope

45-1. the first umbrella umbrella rope

45-2. the second umbrella umbrella rope

45-3. the 3rd umbrella umbrella rope

One of thick umbrella rope of 5-1.

Two of the thick umbrella rope of 5-2.

6. tracting cable

One of 6-1. tracting cable

Two of 6-2. tracting cable

6-3. umbrella-folding line

7. cable winder

One of 7-1. cable winder

Two of 7-1. cable winder

Three of 7-3. cable winder

8.

One of 8-1 hawser track adjusting wheel

Two of 8-2 hawser track adjusting wheel

8-3 umbrella-folding line track adjusting wheel

9. bucket

10. unload head piece

11. check plates

12. boats and ships

13. electrode exposed parts

13-1. electrode parcel edge skin portion

The insulcrete of 14. fixed electordes

15. canopy restrainings

16. parachute lanyards

16-1. thin parachute lanyard

16-2. thick parachute lanyard

17. latches

17-1. restraining left end jack

17-2. restraining right-hand member jack

18. elastic resistance parts

19. electrical motors

The starting switch of 19-1. electrical motor

20. umbrella infundibular bodies

21. solid circles

22. unload stream pipe

Embodiment

One. boats and ships are equipment for collision avoidance embodiment closely

Embodiment mono-(as Fig. 1):

Using long drive umbrella, water resistance umbrella or any umbrella as resistance body, using tracting cable as connector, using cable winder as regenerative apparatus.All thin umbrella rope 4 is directly connected to tracting cable 6, and the end of tracting cable 6 is connected with cable winder and part tracting cable is wound in to cable winder.

Explanation about tracting cable, cable winder and track adjusting wheel:

Tracting cable is removed outside the part that is wound in cable winder, and all the other hawsers should coil before cable winder in order to transmitting at any time or input pack.

If cable winder 6 is horizontal axis, tracting cable should be walked around hawser track adjusting wheel 8, and hawser guide wheel shaft is to should be vertical, and object is the variation that adapts to the angle generation of tracting cable and boats and ships axis.If cable winder is vertical axial, can cancel track adjusting wheel 8, because the cable winder of vertical axial has replaced the function of track adjusting wheel, in following example, adopt and have tracting cable person all should be herewith.

Embodiment bis-(as Fig. 2):

Using long drive umbrella, water resistance umbrella or any umbrella as resistance body, using tracting cable as connector, using cable winder as regenerative apparatus.Thin part umbrella rope 4 is connected to one of thick umbrella rope 5-1, the thin umbrella rope 4 of half another part is connected to two 5-2 of thick umbrella rope, two 5-2 of one of thick umbrella rope 5-1 and thick umbrella rope are together connected to tracting cable 6, and the end of tracting cable 6 is connected with cable winder and part tracting cable is wound in to cable winder.

Embodiment tri-(as Fig. 3):

Using umbrella (can be long drive umbrella or other any umbrellas) as resistance body, using tracting cable as connector, using cable winder as regenerative apparatus.To be directly connected to umbrella-folding line 6-3 in the thin umbrella rope 4 of (or many) at canopy (umbrella body) central authorities or middle part, other all thin umbrella ropes 4 will be directly connected to tracting cable 6.

Umbrella-folding line 6-3 in the present embodiment can be thinner hawser, because it only undertakes the task of unloading stream, the task of traction boats and ships racing or translation drops on the body of tracting cable 6 completely.The meaning that exists of umbrella-folding line 6-3 is: when umbrella body is recycled to while approaching hull, suspend recovery tracting cable as long as reclaim umbrella-folding line, the water body that just can easily canopy pocket be received is laid down, and reaches object safe, that reclaim smoothly canopy.

Embodiment tetra-(as Fig. 4):

Using umbrella (can be long drive umbrella or other any umbrellas) as resistance body, using tracting cable as connector, using cable winder as regenerative apparatus.Thin part umbrella rope 4 is directly connected to one of tracting cable 6-1, and the thin umbrella rope 4 of half another part is directly connected to two 6-2 of tracting cable.

Although the present embodiment has increased a tracting cable; but bring thus a benefit: when umbrella body is recycled to while approaching hull; only need to continue to reclaim wherein a tracting cable (its effect is now equivalent to umbrella-folding line) and suspend and reclaim another root tracting cable; the water body that just can easily canopy pocket be received is laid down, and reaches safely, reclaims smoothly the object of canopy.

Embodiment five (as Fig. 5):

On the basis of embodiment tetra-, only had the umbrella of thin umbrella rope to be changed to the umbrella with thick umbrella rope, two 5-2 of one of thick umbrella rope 5-1 and thick umbrella rope are connected respectively to two 6-2 of one of tracting cable 6-1 and tracting cable.

Embodiment six:

On the basis of above arbitrary embodiment, the device body that uncords of canopy is chosen to be to parachute lanyard, parachute lanyard is extended to and equals or be slightly longer than the distance between hull and predefined pack water-drop point, and the starting switch (closing of circuit key) that the end of parachute lanyard (being that one end that is not connected to restraint device) is connected to electrical motor, electrical motor is used as power and is connected with cable winder.

The effect of the present embodiment is: leading in thick umbrella rope and parachute lanyard flight course at pack, because parachute lanyard is longer than or equals to involve cable, therefore mission phase stressed be tracting cable, rather than parachute lanyard, therefore can not open pack in advance; When parachute lanyard length to the greatest extent, can not extend again flight time, tracting cable also has excess length, therefore pack can continue to dash forward, impulse force can brute force be pullled parachute lanyard, so one end of parachute lanyard can be ripped pack or be tied up umbrella rope, its other end can pull closing of circuit key, makes motor circuit closure, thereby automatically perform parachute-opening and recorery parachute body task, whole process has the effect of accomplishing without any letup.

Embodiment seven (as Fig. 6):

On the basis of embodiment six, umbrella is chosen to be to long drive umbrella 1, canopy restraint device is chosen to be to canopy restraining 15, the two ends of clothing restraining 15 are connected with respectively restraining left end jack 17-1 and restraining right-hand member jack 17-2, latch 17 passes each jack, thereby umbrella is fettered.

Elastic resistance part 18 is resilient objects, is in expansion state at ordinary times, and its diameter or width are larger than the aperture of jack 17-1 and 17-2, and therefore latch 17 can surprisingly not deviate from; But when latch 17 is subject to after pullling of parachute lanyard 16, elastic resistance part 18 can be pushed by jack, thereby its diameter or width can be contracted to little aperture of holding jack 17-1 and 17-2, thereby lose the function that stops latch 17 to be deviate from.）

Why the pack showing in Fig. 6 is javelin shape, just because its umbrella body is the long drive umbrella with the umbrella rib of rigidity.

Embodiment eight:

On the basis of embodiment seven, canopy restraint device is replaced by canopy constraint rope from canopy restraining 15.In fact canopy constraint rope is exactly a rope of beating bow tie, parachute lanyard 16 is connected to the movable end (being that one end that pulls it just bow tie can be untied) of canopy constraint rope, when this movable end is subject to pullling of parachute lanyard 16, bow tie will be untied.

Embodiment nine:

On the basis of embodiment seven, adopt the motor circuit of the closed key control cable winder with delay function.

The present embodiment effect is to make circuit delay closure, makes canopy regenerative apparatus (being cable winder) be unlikely to just to start in the time that parachute lanyard has just affected closing of circuit key, just starts afterwards but postpone one section of reasonable time (umbrella body falls into the water).

Embodiment ten:

In the middle of embodiment mono-to embodiment five, on the basis of arbitrary example, the device that uncords of canopy is chosen to be to microexplosion device (referring to micro-, small blasting device).

Embodiment 11:

On the basis of embodiment ten, to microexplosion device, delay electric detonator is set, or adds delay ignitor device to blast fuse, suitable delay is set and ignites the time, and lanyard end is fastened and received on projector.

So, when transmitting when pack ignition device will be activated, in the time of the distance that it is suitable that pack flies, while falling into the water (or) burst period arrives, pack just can be opened in good time.

Embodiment 12 (as Figure 11, Figure 12):

On the basis of embodiment ten, using electric detonator as igniter, and to enter the igniting of water power-on circuit control electric detonator, long drive umbrella is uncorded immediately after falling into the water.

Enter water power-on circuit as shown in figure 11.

When being set, positive and negative polarities should note positive and negative polarities to be placed in pack appearance, be beneficial to water-immersed very first time connection circuit, should make the two poles of the earth protrude from outside pack periphery simultaneously, the metal part at the two poles of the earth should directly not contact pack surface, and keep enough distance (suggestion the two poles of the earth are apart from more than 10cm), even with guarantee its being drenched with rain, wave also never energising under non-immersion tactile water condition, the ignition of only just can switching under the condition being immersed in water such as sprinkles.For guaranteeing this effect, can positive and negative polarities be set by shown in Figure 12.

Embodiment 13 (as Figure 13, Figure 14):

On the basis of embodiment mono-to embodiment five central arbitrary example, the quantity that sets it as the umbrella of resistance body is promoted to two or more, and each umbrella is transversely arranged, be that the umbrella rope 45-3 of umbrella rope 45-2, the 3rd umbrella body of umbrella rope 45-1, the second umbrella body of the first umbrella body is all connected to same tracting cable 6(similar existing for throwing in many umbrellas body parachute of weight equipment); By umbrella body of stereoscopic whole umbrellas work, be that each umbrella body is overlapped together successively, tie up with same or same set of (namely more than one) umbrella body restraint device.More than one when umbrella body restraint device, each umbrella body restraint device all connects thin parachute lanyard 16-1 separately, and each parachute lanyard is together connected to same thick parachute lanyard 16-2.

Embodiment 14:

In the middle of embodiment mono-to embodiment five, on the basis of arbitrary example, the canopy that sets it as resistance body changes the bucket being made up of rigid material into.

Embodiment 15:

On the basis of embodiment 14, its bucket is chosen to be and has the bucket that unloads head piece and check plate, check plate should be able to be washed open from the current of bucket bottom (entering from unloading head piece), and can not be washed open from the current of bucket peristome.

Embodiment 16:

On basis at above arbitrary employing umbrella body as the embodiment of resistance body, add funneling flow-guiding umbrella.Funneling flow-guiding umbrella is that a canopy top has and unloads stream and unload the umbrella of head piece, and unloads head piece and can be connected with mozzle.The scope that funneling flow-guiding umbrella umbrella mouth must can not be covered in canopy and its towards with the sense of motion of thin umbrella rope, thick umbrella rope, umbrella rib or canopy should be identical, and, when canopy is during in rounding state, unload head piece or its mozzle extending out stretch into canopy within (be unload head piece or draft tube outlets is surrounded by canopy).

The thin umbrella rope of funneling flow-guiding umbrella is put together together, is then connected to the thin umbrella rope of main chute, thick umbrella rope or tracting cable thrin by same shackle.

A main chute can have one or more funneling flow-guiding umbrellas.

In fact funneling flow-guiding umbrella becomes the umbrella body deploying device in the present embodiment.Its principle: due to funneling flow-guiding umbrella outward, therefore in the time that umbrella body moves with the tracting cable of quick contraction, funneling flow-guiding umbrella can pocket be received current, unload head piece towards inner due to funneling flow-guiding umbrella again, therefore the current of receiving that go for a drive maybe can pour into canopy inside, the initial kinetic energy that canopy is obtained open, thus guarantee that canopy opens and opens with the fastest speed.Because umbrella body can be subject to the extruding of water body under rounding state, therefore umbrella mouth is difficult for opening.But, once the trend that umbrella mouth opens forms, even if be only to open a seam, take advantage of a favourable situation and the current that enter also can pour in rapidly umbrella body moment is strutted.Therefore, it is the starting stage that umbrella body opens the stage of difficulty the most, and the design plan that the present embodiment breaks a deadlock, impels umbrella body to open just.

Embodiment 17:

Adopt on the basis of umbrella body as the embodiment of resistance body at above each, at its umbrella port part, umbrella mouth fixing collar has been set.Umbrella mouth fixing collar can be end to end and form by tough and tensile and deformable material, also can be end to end and form by firm and non deformable material.Shape after shape after umbrella mouth fixing collar opens is opened with umbrella mouth is consistent.Umbrella mouth fixing collar can attach on umbrella mouth edge or be imbedded in the canopy material at umbrella mouth edge.

After canopy (umbrella body) is opened by wind or water slug, selvedge can be considered umbrella mouth scope along the scope of confining.

Existing parachute, drag parachute have multiple successful scheme for the reinforcing of umbrella body, but these schemes are all only practiced in air.When umbrella body is during as resistance body in the present invention, because hundreds of times of the resistances of water body are to air, in the time of quick recorery parachute body, it must bear hundreds of times to the pressure of air resistance umbrella, therefore water resistance umbrella must have powerful reinforcement measure, and the key position of reinforcing is exactly umbrella port part, as umbrella port part is not made this umbrella mouth fixing collar, in water and the umbrella body opening be difficult to bear brute force, quick traction, inevitablely for it reluctantly easily tear.

Though umbrella mouth fixing collar makes umbrella body weight increase or increase, still, water resistance umbrella is also not used as the very parachute of lightweight, and therefore, body weight increase there is no big harm.

Embodiment 18:

Adopted on the basis of umbrella body as the embodiment of resistance body at above each, added hoop reinforcement muscle to canopy, this kind of rinforcement bar is end to end closed hoop, and it can form also can be by firm and the elastomeric material of tool forms by tough and tensile and soft.

Embodiment 19:

Adopt on the basis of umbrella body as the embodiment of resistance body at above each, add rinforcement bar in length and breadth to canopy, this kind of Jia Gu Zhu is vertical or horizontal arrangement, it can form also can be by firm and the elastomeric material of tool forms by tough and tensile and soft, its two ends are connected with thin umbrella rope, if have umbrella mouth fixing collar or hoop reinforcement muscle, also must with umbrella mouth fixing collar and the cross connection of hoop reinforcement muscle.

Two. long drive umbrella embodiment

Embodiment mono-(as Figure 15, Figure 16 or Figure 17):

On the basis of existing any parachute, wind umbrella, on its canopy 1, add a umbrella rib 2 of being made by rigid material, umbrella rib 2 is attached on canopy 1 or is embedded in 1 li of canopy (being be implanted in canopy fabric or be clipped in canopy interlayer).

The connection mode (below all herewith) of canopy and umbrella rope:

Thin umbrella rope can be connected to canopy (as existing parachute, drag parachute or kite), also can be connected to umbrella rib (being connected to umbrella rib end or stage casing).

Embodiment bis-(as Figure 18, Figure 19):

On the basis of existing any parachute, wind umbrella, the umbrella rib 2 adding on its canopy 1 is two or more than two, each umbrella rib 2 is radial arrangement; Each umbrella rib 2 approaches but is not connected.

Embodiment tri-(as Figure 20):

On the basis of embodiment bis-, the middle part of umbrella is hollowed out, form Yi Ge center and unload head piece.

Embodiment tetra-(as Figure 21):

On the basis of existing any parachute, wind umbrella, the umbrella rib adding on its canopy 1 is two or more than two, umbrella rib 2 is radial arrangement; Each umbrella rib 2 is all connected to same umbrella top 3, and the connection mode of umbrella top 3 and each umbrella rib 2 is as the umbrella top of umbrella and the connection mode of its umbrella rib.

Embodiment five:

Canopy (as Figure 21) using the canopy with more than three or three umbrella rib in embodiment tetra-as the present embodiment, and the present embodiment has umbrella handle, drive link, slip ring and forbids part; Umbrella handle top is connected in umbrella top (especially as the connection mode on the umbrella handle of umbrella and umbrella top), slip be coated with (around) umbrella handle, one end of drive link is connected in slip ring, the other end is connected to umbrella rib stage casing or end, and all drive links all equate with the distance on umbrella handle top with the point of connection of umbrella rib; Forbid that part is connected with umbrella handle, between slip ring and umbrella top (undue in umbrella top for anti-skidding ring, slip ring is undue, and canopy can overturn near umbrella top, must being overturn by large wind as umbrella).

Umbrella handle in the present embodiment can replace thick umbrella rope and be connected with tracting cable.

Embodiment six:

On the basis of embodiment five, cancel umbrella handle, directly tracting cable is connected to umbrella top (namely replacing umbrella handle with tracting cable).

Embodiment seven:

On the basis of above arbitrary embodiment, adopt rope form, band shape, sheet or netted object as umbrella body restraint device.The rope or belt (boats and ships are the canopy constraint rope of beating bow tie described in equipment for collision avoidance embodiment eight closely) that the two ends of rope form, band shape, sheet or netted restraint device or both sides or have respectively can be beaten slip-knot mutually just belongs to this type of), or having respectively can mutual corresponding fastening, the knot that can be undone by a pull that can be separated from each other again (the canopy restraining 15 in Fig. 6 just belongs to this type of).

Embodiment eight:

On the basis of embodiment mono-to six, adopt tubular or round object as umbrella body restraint device.

Embodiment nine:

On the basis of embodiment seven, add parachute lanyard 16, one end of parachute lanyard 16 connects the movable end as the canopy constraint rope of beating bow tie of umbrella body restraint device.

Embodiment ten:

On the basis of embodiment eight, add parachute lanyard 16, one end Connectable umbrella body restraint device of parachute lanyard 16.

Three. closely collision prevention ship embodiment

Embodiment mono-(as Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9 or Figure 10):

Select boats and ships described in the arbitrary embodiment in " boats and ships are equipment for collision avoidance embodiment closely " closely equipment for collision avoidance as the corollary equipment of boats and ships, its regenerative apparatus 7 is installed above deck.

Embodiment bis-:

On the basis of embodiment mono-, by boats and ships closely the quantity of equipment for collision avoidance be increased to a set of more than, wherein the middle part of ship and fore must respectively be provided with closely equipment for collision avoidance of a set of boats and ships.

Embodiment tri-:

, not only its regenerative apparatus is installed above deck, and it is for subsequent use on ship to configure delivery device closely in the middle of equipment for collision avoidance embodiment mono-to nine on the basis of arbitrary example at boats and ships.

The present embodiment and following each embodiment must note following details: every delivery device, especially penetrate cable device, fishing big gun, ejector etc., all must be noted that whether it can hinder taking off, extending and recovery of hawser, if it can hinder tracting cable to take off smoothly, extend and recovery before being placed in tracting cable, should be arranged on the side of cable winder or below, if be arranged on after cable winder, tracting cable should be crossed over to cable winder.

Tracting cable between from pack to cable winder must be reserved suitable length, this length should with pack range as expected mutually one to, and this section of hawser dish should be become one be stacked in cable winder before, and all the other cable sections are wound into cable winch.

Movably feedway (cart type or hand-held) can be placed in elsewhere at ordinary times, but when transmitting also must be placed in the side of cable winder or below, and tracting cable is set as stated above.

Embodiment tetra-:

On the basis of embodiment tri-, selected common parachute, as resistance body, is selected ejector (such as aircraft cockpit ejector) as delivery device, and ejector is arranged on ship deck.When transmitting, pack is directly positioned over to ejector.

Embodiment five:

On the basis of embodiment tri-, selected long drive umbrella is as resistance body, selected harpoon gun is as delivery device, the steel rifle head with spine and barb of penetrating whale rifle is cancelled, replace lightweight comparatively, without the bar (tiing up umbrella bar) of barb, with umbrella body restraint device by umbrella body therewith bar bundle, tracting cable is not connected to this bar (being connected to umbrella rope).Harpoon gun is installed on to ship deck.

Tiing up umbrella bar and length should be depending on the length of pack, and the bore of big gun and length also should be depending on the length of umbrella, weight and setting ranges.

Attention: umbrella body is both the position relation after bar binding zoarium therewith, should with umbrella body therewith the unification body of bar after loading onto harpoon gun, can keep balance and can form the applicable elevation angle being advisable.

Embodiment six:

On the basis of embodiment five, the long drive umbrella with umbrella rib is changed to umbrella or the zither without umbrella rib, umbrella or zither are wrapped in and tie up the peripheral of umbrella bar or umbrella (or zither) is folded into strip (can without overcoat and pack parcel) and to tie up umbrella bar arranged side by side, with bundle umbrella rope, bundle umbrella band or bundle umbrella cylinder (being found in the technical scheme of long drive umbrella) by umbrella and tie up umbrella bar and together fetter.For preventing that too much canopy from shedding, can make many places bundle Peng with many bundle umbrella ropes or multiple bundle umbrella band.

Embodiment seven:

On the basis of embodiment tri-, selected long drive umbrella is as resistance body, and selected mouse is as delivery device, mouse and long drive umbrella is tied to one with umbrella body restraint device, is disposed on ship for subsequent use.

Embodiment eight:

On the basis of embodiment tri-, configure the aircraft such as helicopter aboard ship for subsequent use as delivery device.

Embodiment nine:

On the basis of embodiment tri-, configuration aboard ship has angle of rake life boat or small-sized speedboat is for subsequent use as delivery device.

Embodiment ten:

On the basis of embodiment tri-, selected long drive umbrella is resistance body, adopts torpedo as delivery device, umbrella body and torpedo is bundled with umbrella body restraint device, is disposed on ship for subsequent use.

Embodiment 11:

At boats and ships closely on the basis of equipment for

collision avoidance embodiment

14 or 15, further, selected have angle of rake life boat or small-sized speedboat as delivery device, and will be installed on the bottom of life boat or small-sized speedboat as the bucket of resistance body.Life boat or the small-sized speedboat this kind to bucket are provided on boats and ships.

Embodiment 12:

On the basis of above arbitrary embodiment, to boats and ships, radar autoalarm is installed, and is given radar autoalarm " level of endangering most alarm ".Give " danger level an alarm " configuration corresponding (being to receive and can only receive " the alarm of danger level " unique acoustical signal, optical signal or electric signal) electromagnetic switch, audio-switch or photoswitch, and with the closely umbrella body feedway of equipment for collision avoidance or the delivery device of other types of these switch control boats and ships.

This what is called " danger level an alarm ", refer to come ship, wrack or obstacle enter different stage apart from time the automatic monitor different alarm signals that send in highest-ranking one." danger level an alarm " represents to come that the distance of ship, wrack or obstacle and this ship is near, to not starting immediately device of the present invention and just cannot avoiding the degree of colliding.

The effect of the present embodiment is: when radar find boats and ships with carry out ship or obstacle between enter " danger level an alarm " apart from after, send " level of endangering most alarm " at once, electromagnetic signal or the aud. snl. of " level of endangering most alarm " must touch corresponding electromagnetic switch or audio-switch, thus the transmitting of startup in a flash that umbrella body feedway can be sent in " level of endangering a most alarm ".

Four. stage casing application of force ship collision prevention method embodiment

Embodiment mono-:

Arrange in the mid point of boats and ships or stage casing thrust direction can be adjusted to be not parallel to, even perpendicular to screw propeller or the water injector of boats and ships axis.

Embodiment bis-:

Give closely equipment for collision avoidance of boats and ships mounting shipping, and its regenerative apparatus is arranged on to mid point or the stage casing of boats and ships.

Five. water resistance traction ship collision prevention and emergency driving method embodiment

Embodiment mono-:

By boats and ships closely the regenerative apparatus of equipment for collision avoidance be installed on mid point or the middle part of boats and ships, drag parachute is transmitted into the waters of vessel's side, then the powerful tracting cable that reclaims, force boats and ships sharply turning or transverse translation, avoid and come ship, bridge pier, navigation mark, reef, iceberg or the collision of other obstacles (while finding that two ships are about to head-on collision, two ships should unanimously be thrown to right side by resistance body, the consistent sharp right-hand bend of two ships).Also can hide by this method the attack of guided missile or bomb.

Embodiment bis-:

By boats and ships closely the regenerative apparatus of equipment for collision avoidance be installed on fore position, drag parachute is transmitted into waters, boats and ships front, the then powerful tracting cable that reclaims, forces boats and ships to accelerate to advance to hide side the attack that comes ship or wrack.

Embodiment tri-:

By boats and ships closely the regenerative apparatus of equipment for collision avoidance be installed on stern position, drag parachute is transmitted into waters, boats and ships rear, and then the powerful tracting cable that reclaims, forces boats and ships to be a significant slowdown, avoid side to carry out the attack of ship or wrack, or avoid bumping against with front ship, bank base.

Embodiment tetra-:

By two covers or more boats and ships closely the regenerative apparatus of equipment for collision avoidance be installed on fore position, by their drag parachute alternate emission to waters, boats and ships front, and alternately to reclaim these drag parachutes (be reclaiming in some umbrellas, launch other umbrellas), with the function of interim substitute vessel ship propeller.

Embodiment five:

By boats and ships closely equipment for collision avoidance be connected and support the use with automatic monitoring warning instrument (such as the automatic system based on radar system or AIS system); Give automatic monitoring warning instrument setting " level of endangering most alarm ", and utilize transmitting or the start-up circuit of electric signal, optical signal or acoustical signal control delivery device that " danger level an alarm " send, make automatic monitoring warning instrument in " alarm of danger level ", touch inevitably the closed key of start-up circuit of delivery device sending.

Object lesson refers in " boats and ships are equipment for collision avoidance embodiment 12 closely ".

Claims

1. closely equipment for collision avoidance of boats and ships, belongs to boats and ships and hides crash device or ship propulsion system, it is characterized in that: have resistance body, connector and regenerative apparatus, one end of connector is connected with resistance body, and the other end is connected with regenerative apparatus.

2. closely equipment for collision avoidance of boats and ships according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the long drive umbrella described in employing claim 8～13 or any umbrella, as resistance body, adopt tracting cable as connector, adopt cable winder as regenerative apparatus.

3. closely equipment for collision avoidance of boats and ships according to claim 2, is characterized in that: adopt stay cord to uncord device as canopy, one end connection canopy restraint device of stay cord maybe can be opened the device of canopy restraint device.

4. closely equipment for collision avoidance of boats and ships according to claim 2, is characterized in that: adopt microexplosion device to uncord device as canopy, and with time delay device or immersion power-on circuit control blast fuse.

5. closely equipment for collision avoidance of boats and ships according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the closed key of motor circuit that the end of parachute lanyard is connected to cable winder.

6. long drive umbrella, has the restraint device of canopy and canopy and uncords device, it is characterized in that: have the umbrella rib of being made by rigid material, umbrella rib is attached on canopy or is embedded in canopy.

7. long drive umbrella according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: canopy or umbrella rib are connected with thin umbrella rope, thin umbrella rope is more than 2, all carefully umbrella ropes put together be 1 group, two groups or more, thin umbrella rope is on the same group connected with same thick umbrella rope, and cablet rope does not on the same group connect from different thick umbrella ropes.

8. collision prevention ship closely, has equipment for collision avoidance, it is characterized in that: be provided with or dispose the closely equipment for collision avoidance of boats and ships described in claim 1～5, its regenerative apparatus is connected with boats and ships.

9. closely collision prevention ship according to claim 8, is characterized in that: also dispose delivery device, delivery device is also directly or indirectly connected with boats and ships.

10. stage casing application of force ship collision prevention method, hull is applied to application force, force its acceleration, deceleration, turning or transverse translation, it is characterized in that: application force drops on mid point or the stage casing between fore and stern, the direction of application force and formation right angle, boats and ships axis or any angle except 0 ° and 108 ° at 2.

11. water resistance traction ship collision prevention and emergency driving methods, hull is applied to application force, force it to accelerate, slow down, dwindle turn radius or transverse translation, it is characterized in that: the one end with connector is connected with resistance body, be connected with regenerative apparatus with its other end, and regenerative apparatus is connected with boats and ships; Resistance body is shipped in vessel's side, waters above or below, then reclaims or shrink connector and hull is drawn close to resistance body.

12. boats and ships according to claim 10 stage casing application of force collision prevention methods, or water resistance described in claim 11 traction ship collision prevention and emergency driving method, it is characterized in that: by the boats and ships described in any one in configuration and operational rights requirement 1～5 closely equipment for collision avoidance implement the claims the method described in 10 or 11.

13. water resistances according to claim 12 traction ship collision prevention and emergency driving methods, is characterized in that: by the boats and ships described in claim 1～5 closely equipment for collision avoidance be connected and support the use with automatic monitoring warning instrument; Give automatic monitoring warning instrument setting " level of endangering most alarm ", and utilize transmitting or the start-up circuit of electric signal, optical signal or acoustical signal control delivery device that " danger level an alarm " send, make automatic monitoring warning instrument in " alarm of danger level ", touch inevitably the closed key of start-up circuit of delivery device sending.