CN103814743B - Improve the method for organic orchard soil nutrition - Google Patents
Improve the method for organic orchard soil nutrition Download PDFInfo
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- CN103814743B CN103814743B CN201410085948.1A CN201410085948A CN103814743B CN 103814743 B CN103814743 B CN 103814743B CN 201410085948 A CN201410085948 A CN 201410085948A CN 103814743 B CN103814743 B CN 103814743B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000009342 intercropping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 240000000785 Tagetes erecta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000012311 Tagetes erecta Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000004452 Tagetes patula Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 17
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 8
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 8
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- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- GZCWLCBFPRFLKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-prop-2-ynoxypropan-2-ol Chemical compound CC(O)COCC#C GZCWLCBFPRFLKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000013563 Acid Phosphatase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010051457 Acid Phosphatase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000016938 Catalase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010053835 Catalase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000002114 Satureja hortensis Species 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method improveing organic orchard soil nutrition, belong to orchard soil improvement field.The method comprises: needing to improve in organic orchard of soil, the two kinds of fragrant plants being plantation with French marigold and savoury; Annual March sows the seed of two kinds of fragrant plants in the ranks in fruit tree, with interlacing planting patterns mixing intercropping plant two kinds of fragrant plants, covers White plastic film after plantation; When two kinds of fragrant plant heights of seedling are 8cm ~ 12cm, carry out a transplantation of seedlings, retain seeding row spacing 0.2 × 0.4m; To water every 10 days and intertill and clean tillage keeps growing area without weeds at fragrant plant early growth period, fragrant plant French marigold and savoury middle and later periods self-sow, late July and October cradle, and cradle thing and stay fruit tree natural decomposition in the ranks.By mixed planting fragrant plant French marigold and savoury, effectively improve full nitrogen in orchard soil 0 ~ 20cm and 20 ~ 40cm soil layer, full phosphorus and full potassium content, improve orchard's soil nutrient, meet the needs in organic orchard.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the process field that orchard soil improves, particularly relate to a kind of method improveing organic orchard soil nutrition.
Background technology
In soil, various biochemical reaction is except by except the impact of microbial activities, also needs various corresponding enzyme to participate in just completing.Result of study shows, soil enzyme activities and soil nutrient in close relations, it had both participated in the natural world material recycle comprising soil biogeochemistry process, was again the active storehouse of plant nutrient, often by the index as sign edaphon active degree, soil fertility and soil quality.Much research shows, sward has certain activation to soil enzyme, to the activation of upper soll layer enzyme apparently higher than deep soil, but affects performance to different enzymic activity and differs.Li Falin etc. are pointed out by orchard ground cover, interplanting green manure and clear ploughing after 3 kinds of different soils way to manages are studied for many years to red soil children Longan Orchard soil enzyme activities in age and nutrient, and orchard ground cover cultivation can improve soil enzyme activities.Fu Jinhui etc. think that orchard ground cover can improve in the ranks top layer and hat layer soil urease liveness significantly, and along with the increase of the sward time limit, sward district urease activity is all in rising trend, and clear ploughing declines to some extent; And activity of acid phosphatase is comparatively large on subsurface stratum impact, amplification is 60.7%, and orchard ground cover district in the ranks activity of acid phosphatase have obvious ascendant trend than contrast; Orchard ground cover district invertase activity also has obvious ascendant trend, and top layer and subsurface stratum add 22.5% and 17.3% than before test respectively, but the cultivated clearly treatment region of the lower soil invertase activity of hat has downward trend, respectively than front lower 16.9% and 2.5% of having fallen of test; The impact of sward on Soil protease and invertase is not remarkable.Also studies have found that sward adds Activity of Catalase in Soil, but plough soil in its enzymic activity of deep layer lower than clear, thinking that sward reduces soil urease liveness is because soil temporarily secures soil nutrient, but to preventing loss of soil nutrient from having positive effect.
The most apple orchard soil of China is more barren, and the content of organic matter is low, and most dependence uses chemical fertilizer to ensure the demand of fruit tree to nutrition, seriously governs the production that organises of China's apple.Therefore, the effective ways seeking to improve organic orchard soil fertility are the problems needing to solve.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of method improveing organic orchard soil nutrition, effectively can improve the nutrient of organic orchard soil, improve soil quality, meet the requirement in organic orchard, thus solve the existing problem only having the orchard's soil nutrient of sward cannot meet the requirement of organic orchard.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of method improveing organic orchard soil nutrition, comprising:
Needing to improve in organic orchard of soil, the two kinds of fragrant plants being plantation with French marigold and savoury;
Annual March sows the seed of described two kinds of fragrant plants in the ranks in the fruit tree in described organic orchard, with two kinds of fragrant plants described in interlacing planting patterns mixing intercropping plant, covers White plastic film after plantation;
When described two kinds of fragrant plant heights of seedling are 8cm ~ 12cm, carry out a transplantation of seedlings, retain seeding row spacing 0.2 × 0.4m;
Water every 10 days at the early growth period of described two kinds of fragrant plants, and intertill and clean tillage keeps mixing intercropping plant district without weeds, the middle and later periods self-sow of described fragrant plant French marigold and savoury, cradle in late July and October, described in cradle after cradle the fruit tree natural decomposition in the ranks that thing stays described organic orchard.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: by intercropping mixed planting fragrant plant French marigold and savoury in orchard, compared with natural grass district, effectively improve full nitrogen in soil 0 ~ 20cm soil layer and 20 ~ 40cm soil layer, full phosphorus and full potassium content, improve the nutrient of orchard soil, meet the needs in organic orchard.
Embodiment
Be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention below, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on embodiments of the invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of method improveing organic orchard soil nutrition, and be applicable to the orchard of planting Organic Apple, the method comprises:
Needing to improve in organic orchard of soil, the two kinds of fragrant plants being plantation with French marigold and savoury;
Annual March sows the seed of described two kinds of fragrant plants in the ranks in the fruit tree in described organic orchard, with two kinds of fragrant plants described in interlacing planting patterns mixing intercropping plant, covers White plastic film after plantation;
When described two kinds of fragrant plant heights of seedling are 8cm ~ 12cm, carry out a transplantation of seedlings, retain seeding row spacing 0.2 × 0.4m;
Water every 10 days at the early growth period of described two kinds of fragrant plants, and intertill and clean tillage keeps mixing intercropping plant district without weeds, the middle and later periods self-sow of described fragrant plant French marigold and savoury, cradle in late July and October, described in cradle after cradle the fruit tree natural decomposition in the ranks that thing stays described organic orchard.
In said method, organic orchard is: be in moistening continent, temperate zone half monsoon sex climate, organic orchard that average annual rainfall is 500mm ~ 700mm, what plant in organic orchard is that life in 15 years, Growth status are good, the uniform fruit tree of tree vigo(u)r, and fruit tree seeding row spacing is 5 × 6m.
The fragrant plant adopted in method of the present invention has the plant group that medicinal plant and aromatic plant have attribute concurrently, containing essential oil, one class aromatic plant of volatile oil or difficult volatilization natural gum, it is except containing except many medicinal ingredients and fragrance component, also containing polyphenoils, the composition such as antibacterial material and natural colouring matter, they are except containing except essential oil or volatile oil, also containing a large amount of nutrient component and trace element, after organic orchard intercropping fragrant plant, also green manure can be used as, improve fruit tree rhizospheric environment, improve soil organisms physicochemical property, improve soil quality.Fragrant plant has been rich in polyphenoils, antibacterial material, natural colouring matter, a large amount of nutrient component and trace element, may have certain improving effect to soil organic matter content and Mineral Elements Content.In addition, by the two kinds of fragrant plants of the present invention of intercropping in orchard to minimizing orchard damage by disease and insect, improve that micro-territory, orchard Environment-Ecosystem is stable to have certain effect.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, method of the present invention is described further.
With organic sightseeing apple orchard, king home, stream villages and small towns, Changping District, Beijing for pilot, with fragrant plant French marigold (TagetespatulaL.), savoury (Saturejahortensis) for planting plants, the intercropping mixed planting district of French marigold × peppermint is set in orchard, with natural grass district for contrast, the inventive method is specific as follows:
Select organic orchard that weather is moistening continent, temperate zone half monsoon sex climate, average annual rainfall is about 600mm, seeding row spacing is 5 × 6m, life in 15 years, and Growth status is good, and tree vigo(u)r is even;
During fruit tree normal growth, orchardist will adopt artificial and physical method to carry out the extermination of disease and insect pest, and as wiped out sick branch winter, light lures collection, lure and collect haftplatte, fruit bagging and dormant stage of fruit tree and spray the measures such as 3-5 ° of lime sulfur; The natural conditions such as physical features, soil property and cultivation management are all basically identical;
In annual March, with fragrant plant French marigold (TagetespatulaL.) and savoury (Saturejahortensis) for planting plants, each mixing intercropping district takes fragrant plant interlacing planting patterns; Interrow crop seed is seeded in fruit tree in the ranks in duration of test the last ten-days period in March, then covers White plastic film; When interrow crop height of seedling is about 10cm, carry out a transplantation of seedlings, retain seeding row spacing 0.2 × 0.4m; Fragrant plant early growth period watered every 10 days and intertill and clean tillage once mixes up district without weeds with maintenance, and the middle and later periods lets alone growth, and cradles in late July and October, cradles thing and stays natural decomposition in the ranks.
By the analysis to apple orchard 0 ~ 20cm and the change of 20 ~ 40cm soil layer structure of soil microbial community, soil enzyme activities, the basic physicochemical character of soil and soil quality, between the mixing of research fragrant plant, make the effect to apple orchard soil.
What following table was the present invention's mixing intercropping fragrant plant on alkali slag, effectively P, effectively K content and natural grass in the soil in each period of apple orchard affects Data Comparison (mg/kg):
In upper table: AN: alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen; AP: available phosphorus; AK: effectively potassium; Lowercase represents that under P<0.05 level, otherness is remarkable by Deng Kenshi new multipole difference analysis.
Can be found out by upper table data, method of the present invention is compared with the natural grass of apple orchard, when fragrant plant French marigold and savoury equal proportion mixing intercropping, although reduce Soil Microorganism amount, but have also been changed structure of soil microbial community, improve soil enzyme activities (especially urase and catalase), soil moisture content, improve soil pH value, and add soil nutrient content, apple orchard soil is improved there is significant effect.Correlative study and practice show, orchard intercropping can fertilizing soil, regulate soil temperature and humidity, improve orchard micro-ecological environment, thus promote growth and development of fruit tree.In this research, mixing intercropping fragrant plant in apple orchard is compared with the raising existence impact in various degree of natural grass on soil nutrient.For single soil nutrient index, all exist and have to its content the fragrant plant mixing intercropping district significantly increased; But a mixing intercropping district determined all does not have remarkable result for all soil nutrient indexs of increase.Fragrant plant is except containing except essential oil or volatile oil, also containing a large amount of nutrient component and trace element, and, fragrant plant has larger biomass at growth animated period compared with natural grass, after the intercropping of apple orchard, the mass exchange ability of carrying out between fragrant plant and soil is far better than the natural grass in apple orchard, accelerates the conversion of each material in soil, thus improves the soil nutrient content in fragrant plant mixing intercropping district.
The above; be only the present invention's preferably embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, is anyly familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the change that can expect easily or replacement, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.
Claims (1)
1. improve a method for organic orchard soil nutrition, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Needing to improve in organic orchard of soil, the two kinds of fragrant plants being plantation with French marigold and savoury; Described organic orchard is Organic Apple garden, for the organic orchard being in moistening continent, temperate zone half monsoon sex climate, average annual rainfall is 500mm ~ 700mm, what plant in described organic orchard is that life in 15 years, Growth status are good, the uniform fruit tree of tree vigo(u)r, and described fruit tree seeding row spacing is 5 × 6m;
Annual March sows the seed of described two kinds of fragrant plants in the ranks in the fruit tree in described organic orchard, with two kinds of fragrant plants described in interlacing planting patterns intercropping plant, covers White plastic film after plantation;
When described two kinds of fragrant plant heights of seedling are 8cm ~ 12cm, carry out a transplantation of seedlings, retain seeding row spacing 0.2 × 0.4m;
Water every 10 days at the early growth period of described two kinds of fragrant plants, and intertill and clean tillage keeps intercropping plant district without weeds, the middle and later periods self-sow of described fragrant plant French marigold and savoury, cradle in late July and October, described in cradle after cradle the fruit tree natural decomposition in the ranks that thing stays described organic orchard.
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104145554B (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2016-06-01 | 安徽格林亲子农庄有限公司 | A kind of improve the soil method for the orchard in planting loquat process |
| CN104982190A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-10-21 | 柳州市天姿园艺有限公司 | Cypress vine planting method |
| CN107047155B (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2020-09-18 | 山东农业大学 | Method for improving soil of continuous cropping orchard by limited coverage positioning intercropping |
| CN108157043A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-15 | 郭肖宏 | A kind of implantation methods in organic orchard |
| CN109122060B (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2020-08-25 | 山东省果树研究所 | Purification method of single wild grass species large crabgrass in natural grass orchard |
| CN115024146A (en) * | 2022-06-11 | 2022-09-09 | 上栗县梦仙生态农业发展有限公司 | Pear tree planting method |
| CN115251028B (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2024-05-10 | 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所 | Method for treating spartina alterniflora through broken grass |
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