CN103794204A - Application method of graphene macroscopic materials - Google Patents
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- CN103794204A CN103794204A CN201410052423.8A CN201410052423A CN103794204A CN 103794204 A CN103794204 A CN 103794204A CN 201410052423 A CN201410052423 A CN 201410052423A CN 103794204 A CN103794204 A CN 103794204A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an application method of graphene macroscopic materials. Particularly, the graphene macroscopic materials are used as sound absorption materials for noise absorption and reduction. According to the application method, the foam porosity or the film effect of the graphene macroscopic materials is used, energy of incoming sound waves enters the sound absorption materials in the mode that reflection is as low as possible, and most of the sound energy is absorbed. The application method is suitable for controlling and adjusting the indoor reverberation time and reducing noise in a bustle place to improve the indoor hearing condition and the living and working environments. Furthermore, different forms of the graphene macroscopic materials are used in a combined mode, the high, intermediate and low frequency sound energy can be absorbed at the same time, and the application range is further expanded to the sound-absorption noise-reduction application fields such as vehicles, large-scale cinemas, large-scale theatres, meeting sites, industrial and mining enterprise producing workshops, indoor decoration, military devices, mechanical equipment and central air-conditioners.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the application of a kind of Graphene macroscopic material in the acoustic absorbant of preparation suction noise reduction, is a kind of new application of Graphene macroscopic material, belongs to green technology.
Background technology
The develop rapidly of modernization industry society is people when bringing comfortable convenient life, has also brought some negative products.Noise, has become one of pollution source that destroy people's work and living environment quality, and not only serious harm people's auditory system, makes people tired, deaf, but also can accelerate the aging of buildings and physical construction, affects precision and the serviceable life of equipment and instrument.In some military field, noise is counted as the common enemy of operation both sides more, it not only reduces the usability of one's own side's operational weapon or equipment, within also one's own side can being exposed to enemy's firing area, thereby cause great military affairs loss or defeat, for example, in the antagonism of dive antagonism or submarine and surface ship, like this situation is exactly.Given this, noise control is the major issue of national governments and scientific worker's research always, and one of at present main solution is exactly to use acoustic absorbant, and this is also counted as a kind of effectively passive type sqouynd absorption lowering noise method.
Acoustic absorbant can be divided into sound-absorbing porous material and the large class of resonance sound-absorbing material two by sound absorbing mechanism.The physical arrangement feature of sound-absorbing porous material is that material has a large amount of surfaces to unlimited duct inner and that interpenetrate, in the time that sound wave incides porosint, cause intrapore air vibration, because the factors such as friction and the viscosity resistance of air make acoustic attenuation, such material is take absorption medium-high frequency sound wave as main.Due to the low frequency absorption poor performance of porosint, for solving medium and low frequency sound absorption problem, often adopt resonance sound-absorbing structure, resonance sound-absorbing material is equivalent to the resonance sound-absorbing structure that multiple Helmholtz sound absorption resonators are formed in parallel, and absorption peak appears in its Sound absorbing spectrum centered by resonant frequency.In the time that the natural frequency of incident acoustic wave frequency and material approaches, reach thereby resonance occurs material the object that weakens incident acoustic wave intensity.But in the time that the natural frequency of incident acoustic wave frequency and material differs larger, material is less to the abated effect of sound wave, sound absorbing capabilities is lower.Visible, the acoustical absorption coefficient of this resonance sound-absorbing structure changes with frequency, and sound absorbing capabilities is poor to the adaptability of incident acoustic wave frequency.By contrast, sound-absorbing porous material has the feature stronger to incident acoustic wave frequency adaptability, and in real life, application is comparatively extensive.
Traditional sound-absorbing porous material, as organic and inorganic fibers, because property is crisp easily broken, the sound absorbing capabilities reason such as serious that declines after making moist, the scope of application is very restricted.For sound absorption metal material, although its performance is really superior, because cost of manufacture is high, the status in needing to be further developed also at home.In sound-absorbing porous material, only have the development of foam class material in high speed stage, many new product new technologies continue to bring out.The high porosity of such material and the solid of pore are uniformly distributed gives its good acoustical behavior, and not only acoustical absorption coefficient is high, and applicable band wide ranges.The research of foamed sound-absorbing material has related to metal material, organic material, inorganic material and organic/inorganic composite material, and they differ from one another and practical value.As everyone knows, the metal material cost of raw material is high, and organic material is inflammable and smell pollution is large, and inorganic material weight is not moisture resistance greatly again, organic/inorganic composite material complex manufacturing.Want further to improve the combination property of foamed material, should research and develop the porous sound absorption foamed material of plastics on new materials, advantage that simultaneously should binding resonant acoustic absorbant, develops novel composite structure acoustic absorbant.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of Graphene macroscopic material and inhales the application in the acoustic absorbant of noise reduction in preparation, the advantage such as there is light weight, fire-retardant, moisture resistance, environmental protection, cost is low, sound absorption frequency range is wide.
Technical scheme: for achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
An application process for Graphene macroscopic material, the acoustic absorbant by Graphene macroscopic material as suction noise reduction.
Concrete, the form of described Graphene macroscopic material comprises porous graphene foam, graphene film
The acoustic absorbant as suction noise reduction by a kind of Graphene macroscopic material of form separately, also the Graphene macroscopic material of two or more forms can be carried out being used as the acoustic absorbant of inhaling noise reduction after structure composite, to reach the object that absorbs high, medium and low frequency noise energy simultaneously.
Based on the form of listed Graphene macroscopic material, specifically, the acoustic absorbant as suction noise reduction by porous graphene foam separately, or porous graphene foam and graphene film are carried out being used as the acoustic absorbant of inhaling noise reduction after structure composite.Poriness based on porous graphene foamed material can absorb noise effectively, based on the effect of graphene film, can make acoustic energy no reflection events and enter porous graphene foam, and the acoustic energy overwhelming majority is absorbed.
Beneficial effect: the application process of Graphene macroscopic material provided by the invention, compared to prior art, has following beneficial effect:
1, this application process is applicable to controlling, adjusting the indoor reverberation time and reduce the noise in noisy place, to improve indoor hearsay condition and life, working environment; Further, to the different shape of described Graphene macroscopic material compound use in addition, can absorb the acoustic energy of high, medium and low frequency, range of application is further extended to the sqouynd absorption lowering noise applications such as the vehicles, large-scale movie theatre and arenas, Conference Room, industrial enterprise's workshop, indoor decoration, military machine, plant equipment, central air conditioner simultaneously;
2, the Graphene cost of raw material is low, and preparation technology is simple, and the grapheme foam of making has the advantages such as light weight, fire-retardant, moisture resistance, environmental protection; Grapheme foam pore size, porosity all can be controlled to adapt to the incident-noise of different frequency simultaneously; Therefore, grapheme foam is had to the advantage in combination property as sound absorption and noise reduction material;
3, grapheme foam can be used alone as sound absorption and noise reduction material, also can use with graphene film Material cladding, utilizes the resonance sound-absorbing performance of graphene film, to reach the beneficial effect of the noise acoustic energy that absorbs high, medium and low frequency simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the optical photograph of grapheme foam macroscopic material;
Fig. 2 is the SEM photo of the micromechanism of grapheme foam macroscopic material;
Fig. 3 is that the acoustical absorption coefficient of grapheme foam macroscopic material is with frequency variation curve figure;
Fig. 4 is that the acoustical absorption coefficient of graphene film macroscopic material is with frequency variation curve figure;
Fig. 5 is grapheme foam macroscopic material and graphene film composite structure schematic side view;
When Fig. 6 is grapheme foam macroscopic material and graphene film compound use, acoustical absorption coefficient is with frequency variation curve figure.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described.
An application process for Graphene macroscopic material, the acoustic absorbant by Graphene macroscopic material as suction noise reduction.As shown in Figure 1, the micromechanism of Graphene macroscopic material as shown in Figure 2 for the optical photograph of Graphene macroscopic material.
In the present invention, the form of the Graphene macroscopic material using is porous graphene foam and graphene film.
The preparation method of porous graphene foam is as follows: first method: first adopt Hummers method to prepare the graphite oxide aqueous solution that concentration is 0.01～10.0mg/mL; Then this solution is carried out to low-pressure refrigeration dry, obtain porous oxidation grapheme foam; Finally under 600～1200 ℃ of high temperature and inert atmosphere protection condition, graphene oxide foam is reduced to grapheme foam.Second method: first adopt Hummers method to prepare the graphite oxide aqueous solution that concentration is 0.01～10.0mg/mL, and this pH value of solution is adjusted to 5.0～11.0 with ammoniacal liquor; Then this solution is placed in to sealable tank and carries out hydro-thermal reaction 2～48h, temperature is controlled at 100～300 ℃, obtains Graphene hydrogel after naturally cooling; Finally Graphene hydrogel is carried out to low-pressure refrigeration dry, can obtain porous graphene foam.
The preparation method of graphene film is as follows: graphene film material preparation: first adopt Hummers method to prepare the graphene oxide solution that concentration is 0.1～10.0mg/mL, solvent is the mixed solution of water and alcohol; Then adopt spraying or the method for spin coating to be sprayed on the substrate of heating and form graphene oxide film, heating-up temperature is 60～95 ℃, and film thickness can reach 1 μ m～1cm according to being coated with ETL estimated time of loading; And then graphene oxide film is placed in to the closed container that contains hydrazine, at 60～110 ℃, is incubated 1～48h, the reducible graphene film that obtains; Finally immersed alcoholic solution, can be made graphene film and substrate separation, obtained individual graphene film.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, specifically introduce concrete application of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
According to GB GBJ88-85 " Code for measurement of soundabsorbing coefficient and specific acoustic inpedance of standingwave ", measure the acoustical absorption coefficient of macroscopical grapheme foam material.As shown in Figure 1, thickness is 1cm to grapheme foam material object to be measured, and its micromechanism as shown in Figure 2, can be seen being made up of a large amount of holes being interconnected.Grapheme foam test material preparation and installation requirement are: choose the grapheme foam of surfacing, intercept out the shape test specimen similar to standing wave tube cross section with area, suitable seal approach should be taked in the gap between side and the tube wall of test specimen if desired.Then the one end that grapheme foam test specimen to be measured is placed in to standing wave tube, sonic source device is placed in the other end, and test specimen surface should be perpendicular with standing wave tube axis.What Fig. 3 showed the is acoustical absorption coefficient of grapheme foam macroscopic material is with frequency variation curve figure, and wherein horizontal ordinate is incident sound source frequency, and ordinate is the acoustical absorption coefficient of tested material.Can see, grapheme foam material has more than 80% acoustical absorption coefficient in the medium-high frequency that is greater than 1000Hz, and lower at low frequency range acoustical absorption coefficient.This explanation porous graphene foam is a kind of desirable acoustic absorbant.
Embodiment 2:
According to embodiment 1 used test method, measure the acoustical absorption coefficient of macroscopical graphene film material, graphene film to be measured thickness in kind is 0.5mm.Grapheme foam test material preparation and installation requirement are with reference to embodiment 1.What Fig. 4 showed the is acoustical absorption coefficient of graphene film macroscopic material is with frequency variation curve figure, and wherein horizontal ordinate is incident sound source frequency, and ordinate is the acoustical absorption coefficient of tested material.Can see, grapheme foam material has more than 50% acoustical absorption coefficient lower than the medium and low frequency of 1000Hz, and lower at high frequency region acoustical absorption coefficient.
Embodiment 3:
According to embodiment 1 used test method, measure the acoustical absorption coefficient of grapheme foam and graphene film Material cladding structure.This composite structure adopts and is prepared as follows process: first cut grapheme foam and the graphene film of same cross-sectional size, thickness is respectively 1cm and 0.5mm; Then grapheme foam one side is polished flat, blow away chip with ear washing bulb; A side that finally with hardening agent, graphene film is fixed on to the grapheme foam being polished, opposite side is perpendicular to incident acoustic wave direction.The schematic diagram of composite structure test as shown in Figure 5.Wherein 1 is grapheme foam, the 2nd, and graphene film, 3 is measuring sound source.Fig. 6 be the acoustical absorption coefficient of grapheme foam and graphene film Material cladding structure with frequency variation curve figure, wherein horizontal ordinate is incident sound source frequency, ordinate is the acoustical absorption coefficient of tested material.Can see,, also can reach more than 65% in medium and low frequency region up to more than 90% at medium-high frequency region acoustical absorption coefficient.The acoustical absorption coefficient of this explanation grapheme foam and graphene film Material cladding structure all increases with respect to grapheme foam or the graphene film of single structure.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; be noted that for those skilled in the art; under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. an application process for Graphene macroscopic material, is characterized in that: the acoustic absorbant by Graphene macroscopic material as suction noise reduction.
2. the application process of Graphene macroscopic material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the form of described Graphene macroscopic material comprises porous graphene foam, graphene film.
3. the application process of Graphene macroscopic material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the acoustic absorbant as suction noise reduction by a kind of Graphene macroscopic material of form separately, or the Graphene macroscopic material of two or more forms is carried out being used as the acoustic absorbant of inhaling noise reduction after structure composite.
4. the application process of Graphene macroscopic material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the acoustic absorbant as suction noise reduction by porous graphene foam separately.
5. the application process of Graphene macroscopic material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: porous graphene foam and graphene film are carried out being used as the acoustic absorbant of inhaling noise reduction after structure composite.
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| CN105110320A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-12-02 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 | Preparation method of graphene porous material used for flue gas adsorption |
| CN105126751A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-12-09 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 | Graphene porous material for adsorbing flue gas |
| CN106477562A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-03-08 | 清华大学 | A kind of preparation of self assembled three-dimensional graphene macroform powdery absorbent and application |
| CN107641364A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-01-30 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | A kind of noise reduction graphene anticorrosive paint and preparation method for rail facility |
| CN108806662A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-11-13 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | A kind of preparation method of sound insulation and noise reducing graphene porous material |
| CN109177996A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2019-01-11 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | A kind of body construction of high-damping sound insulation composite material used for rail vehicle |
| CN109873133A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2019-06-11 | 天津大学 | Polysiloxanes nanometer sheet coated graphite alkene sponge composite material and preparation method and application |
| CN110951035A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-03 | 福建安达福新材料科技有限公司 | Polyurethane foam material based on supercritical carbon dioxide and preparation method thereof |
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| CN105047190A (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2015-11-11 | 上海望硕科技有限公司 | Ultrathin sound absorption material structure |
| CN105110320A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-12-02 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 | Preparation method of graphene porous material used for flue gas adsorption |
| CN105126751A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-12-09 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 | Graphene porous material for adsorbing flue gas |
| CN106477562A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-03-08 | 清华大学 | A kind of preparation of self assembled three-dimensional graphene macroform powdery absorbent and application |
| CN107641364A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-01-30 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | A kind of noise reduction graphene anticorrosive paint and preparation method for rail facility |
| CN109873133A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2019-06-11 | 天津大学 | Polysiloxanes nanometer sheet coated graphite alkene sponge composite material and preparation method and application |
| CN109873133B (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2022-04-29 | 天津大学 | Polysiloxane nanosheet coated graphene sponge composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN108806662A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-11-13 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | A kind of preparation method of sound insulation and noise reducing graphene porous material |
| CN108806662B (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2022-12-09 | 北京石墨烯技术研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of graphene porous material for sound insulation and noise reduction |
| CN109177996A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2019-01-11 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | A kind of body construction of high-damping sound insulation composite material used for rail vehicle |
| CN110951035A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-03 | 福建安达福新材料科技有限公司 | Polyurethane foam material based on supercritical carbon dioxide and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20140514 |