CN103789195A - Membrane microalgae photobioreactor for realizing in-situ solid-liquid separation and culture method thereof - Google Patents
Membrane microalgae photobioreactor for realizing in-situ solid-liquid separation and culture method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103789195A CN103789195A CN201410027055.1A CN201410027055A CN103789195A CN 103789195 A CN103789195 A CN 103789195A CN 201410027055 A CN201410027055 A CN 201410027055A CN 103789195 A CN103789195 A CN 103789195A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/02—Photobioreactors
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
- C12M29/06—Nozzles; Sprayers; Spargers; Diffusers
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
- C12M29/16—Hollow fibers
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/12—Unicellular algae; Culture media therefor
Abstract
The invention discloses a membrane microalgae photobioreactor for realizing in-situ solid-liquid separation. The membrane microalgae photobioreactor comprises a liquid level balance water tank, a reactor main body, a micropore diffuser, a hollow fiber membrane assembly and a constant flow pump. In the culture method of the membrane microalgae photobioreactor, a culture solution enters the reactor main body through the liquid level balance water tank, required nutrients are provided for the growth of microalgae, the liquid level is kept constant, in-situ solid-liquid separation of a cultured algae solution is realized by using the hollow fiber membrane assembly arranged in the middle of the reactor, water is drained out of the constant flow pump through the membrane assembly under the suction filtration action of the constant flow pump, microalgae cells are kept in the reactor, and harvesting of microalgae cells is performed periodically. The novel membrane microalgae photobioreactor capable of realizing in-situ solid-liquid separation is simple in structure and convenient to operate. The membrane microalgae photobioreactor can run under a high hydraulic load while microalgae culture is performed by using effluent and the like with low nitrogen and phosphorous contents in urban sewage treatment plants, so that the running efficiency of the photobioreactor is increased greatly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to algae culture reactor technology field, especially relate to a kind of film microalgae photobiological reactor of realizing original position solid-liquid separation.
The invention still further relates to a kind of method of utilizing said apparatus to carry out micro-algae cultivation.
Background technology
Micro-algae have growth rapidly, photosynthetic efficiency high, can effectively utilize sun power by photosynthesis by inorganic nutrient salt, CO
2, H
2the Substance Transformations such as O are organic compound, because oleaginousness is high, be easy to cultivate, yield per unit is high, do not account for the raw material that the advantages such as arable land are considered to current known unique possibility substitute fossil fuels.In addition, micro-algae can also fixed air in process of growth in CO
2contribute for alleviating Greenhouse effect.
In the mass-producing of micro-algae is cultivated enclosed bioreactor because of its can manual control micro algae growth condition, thereby obtain higher frustule growth velocity, and can avoid the pollution of assorted algae and bacterium.In addition, bioreactor is simple in structure, can amplify according to need of production, is suitable for the efficient large scale culturing of micro-algae.At present, expensive in production process is the key constraints that micro-algae is prepared Biodiesel development, and wherein micro-algae is cultivated cost and accounts for the more than 70% of production of biodiesel total cost.The micro-algae cost in cultivating mainly comes from inorganic nutrient salt and the Freshwater resources such as the nitrogen phosphorus that cultivation consumes.
In order to reduce the cultivation cost of micro-algae, people attempt adopting the waste water that municipal effluent contains a certain amount of nitrogen and phosphorous nutrient and water quality clear through secondary treatment yielding water, aquiculture waste water etc. to carry out the cultivation of micro-algae, can either greatly reduce like this production cost of micro-algae biofuel, and also be conducive to the improvement of surface water quality.But due to the micro algae culturing liquid than artificial preparation, in these waste water, concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus is lower, and the growth velocity of micro-algae is slow, and the throughput of reactor is lower, and is difficult to obtain the micro algae culturing liquid of high density, is unfavorable for the results of follow-up microalgae cell.Thereby the micro algae growth speed that wants to keep higher in bioreactor just needs the flooding velocity of corresponding increase reactor to increase nitrogen phosphorus supply, traditional bioreactor does not have solid-liquid separation function, the residence time of hydraulic detention time in reactor and emblem algae is identical, strengthening flooding velocity can cause the residence time of micro-algae in reactor to shorten, algae liquid concentration in reactor is reduced, cause micro-algae throughput of unit volume reactor to reduce.Therefore the needs that, traditional water body that is used for the low nitrogen and phosphorus content of the more difficult satisfied employing of bioreactor of cultivating micro-algae carries out micro-algae cultivation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of microalgae photobiological reactor with original position solid-liquid separation function, can realize water and separate with the original position of emblem algae by being arranged on immersion type membrane component in reactor, the residence time and the concentration of micro-algae in reactor can be carried out artificial regulatory, making reactor carry out micro-algae in the municipal effluent secondary treatment yielding water etc. of utilizing low nitrogen and phosphorus content as nutritive medium can be with higher hydraulic load operation while cultivating, thereby has greatly improved the operational efficiency of bioreactor.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the method for utilizing this reactor to carry out micro-algae cultivation.
For achieving the above object, submerged membrane microalgae photobiological reactor provided by the invention, its primary structure comprises: pump sump, water pump, liquid level equilibrium water tank, reactor body, hollow fiber film assembly, constant flow pump, liquid meter, escape pipe, microporous diffuser, air flowmeter, air compressor machine, sampling and micro-algae delivery pipe.
The method of utilizing this reactor to carry out micro-algae cultivation provided by the invention, nutritive medium sucks liquid level balanced reservoir by water pump, liquid level equilibrium water tank water side is connected with reactor body lower end by water inlet pipe, nutritive medium enters film microalgae photobiological reactor body continuously by the gravity flow of liquid level equilibrium water tank, for the micro-algae in reactor provides the required nutritive medium of growth and makes water level remain on constant position.Reactor body shell is cylindrical synthetic glass container.The microporous diffuser that is communicated with air compressor machine is equipped with in reactor body bottom, the micro-bubble producing plays stirring action to mixed solution, keep the suspension of frustule, and provide required carbon source for its growth, air flow is controlled at 0.20～0.65vvm, and gas is discharged by the escape pipe that is arranged at reactor body cover top portion side.The algae liquid of cultivating in reactor is realized original position solid-liquid separation through the submerged hollow fibre membrane module in bioreactor in the middle of being installed on, from reactor, do not discharge continuously through immersion type membrane component and connected constant flow pump containing the water outlet of micro-algae, microalgae cell is isolated by hollow fiber film assembly and is retained in reactor.The micro-algae of high density of cultivating in reactor is by sampling and micro-algae delivery pipe is regularly discharged from reactor, to realize the renewal of micro-algae in the results of microalgae cell and reactor.
In technique scheme, described hollow fiber film assembly is cylindrical, and membrane module is microfiltration membrane or ultra-filtration membrane, aperture 0.001-0.2 μ m.Membrane module plays the effect of solid-liquid separation in reactor, its effect has mainly been to realize separating of hydraulic detention time and solid retention time in reactor, the residence time of nutrient solution in reactor body is controlled at 1～3d, and the residence time of micro-algae in reactor body is controlled at 10～36d.Can be according to the water quality characteristics of water inlet Nitrogen-and Phosphorus-containing amount etc. in operating process, thus regulate Inlet and outlet water flow to change the hydraulic load of reactor, reach the high-level efficiency of operation.
In technique scheme, the shell of described reactor body is transparent organic glass material, the illumination of transmissive external light source, external light source can adopt luminescent lamp or LED lamp etc., be evenly distributed on the surrounding of urceolus and fix by support, guarantee that reactor obtains uniform illumination in all directions, for micro algae growth provides light source.The intensity of illumination at reactor outer wall place is 2000-6000lux, and Light To Dark Ratio is set to (10～14) L:(14～10) D, can effectively promote the growth and breeding of micro-algae.
In technique scheme, described micro algae culturing liquid can adopt municipal effluent secondary treatment yielding water, the aquiculture waste water etc. that the nutrient concentrations such as nitrogen phosphorus are lower, substitute the micro algae culturing liquid of artificial preparation, thereby greatly reduce the cost that micro-algae is cultivated, on the other hand, by the cultivation of micro-algae in reactor, absorb and removed nitrogen phosphorus a large amount of in sewage, and improved the content that oxygen in water, effectively improve water quality.
In technique scheme, described micro-algae can adopt the growth and breeding speed algae kinds faster such as grid algae, spirulina, chlorella, seat algae, nostoc, chroococcoid, brings into play to greatest extent the operational efficiency of film microalgae photobiological reactor.When the municipal effluent secondary treatment yielding water that contains a certain amount of pollution substance in utilization etc. is carried out micro-algae cultivation, determine that according to indexs such as anti-pollution characteristic, growth velocity, fat content, removal efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus grid algae and chlorella are preferred algae kind by experiment.
Compared with prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
1, submerged membrane microalgae photobiological reactor provided by the invention is owing to controlling respectively hydraulic detention time and micro-algae residence time, can be with higher hydraulic load operation than traditional bioreactor, thereby utilizing municipal effluent secondary treatment yielding water, aquiculture waste water etc. that Nitrogen-and Phosphorus-containing amount is lower to carry out when micro-algae is cultivated having outstanding advantage, when Treating Municipal Sewage secondary treatment yielding water, hydraulic load can reach 0.5～2.0m
3/ (m
3d), at water inlet concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus, much smaller than traditional micro algae culturing liquid in the situation that, the nitrogen phosphorus nutrition load providing for reactor still can reach respectively 7.0～40.5g N/ (m
3d) He 0.6～2.3g P/ (m
3d), thus the efficient operation of realization response device.
2, submerged membrane microalgae photobiological reactor provided by the invention can be realized the original position of micro-algae and nutrient solution in reactor and separates, can be respectively to nutrient solution and micro-algae the residence time in reactor control, in strengthening flooding velocity raising reactor nutritive salt load, micro-algae in reactor can not run off with water outlet, when the municipal effluent secondary treatment yielding water that employing Nitrogen-and Phosphorus-containing amount is lower etc. is cultivated, micro-concentration of algae can maintain the high level of 3500-6000mg/L, makes unit volume reactor have higher nitrogen phosphorus uptake rate and micro-algae throughput rate.The uptake rate of nitrogen is reached to 4.3～10.5g N/ (m
3d) uptake rate of phosphorus is reached to 0.1～0.3g P/ (m
3d), micro-algae throughput rate reaches 50～94g/ (m
3d).
3, apply submerged membrane microalgae photobiological reactor provided by the invention and can realize the coupling that waste water advanced purifying and micro-algae biofuel are produced, water outlet TN concentration can be down to below 5mg/L, TP concentration can be down to below 0.3mg/L, for the reuse of waste water provides a kind of water quality advanced purification technology of efficient, low consumption.Simultaneously, research shows by experiment, not only can greatly save cultivation cost at the waste water that adopts low nitrogen and phosphorus content aspect micro-algae cultivation than the nutrient solution of artificial preparation, and lower nitrogen phosphorus nutrition environment effectively promoted the accumulation of microalgae cell to grease, the fat content of micro-algae can improve 4%～10%.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and corresponding embodiment thereof, the present invention is described in further detail.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is the film microalgae photobiological structure of reactor schematic diagram of realizing original position solid-liquid separation of the present invention
Wherein: 1-reactor body, 2-microporous diffuser, 3-hollow fiber film assembly, 4-escape pipe, 5-sampling and micro-algae delivery pipe, 6-air flowmeter, 7-air compressor machine, 8-pump sump, 9-water pump, 10-liquid level equilibrium water tank, 11-constant flow pump, 12-liquid meter.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
With reference to accompanying drawing, a kind of film microalgae photobiological reactor of realizing original position solid-liquid separation, micro algae culturing liquid in pump sump 8 enters liquid level equilibrium water tank 10 by water pump 9, the water side of liquid level equilibrium water tank 10 is connected with reactor body 1 lower end by water inlet pipe, thereby for inputting micro algae culturing liquid in reactor and making water level remain on constant position.Reactor body 1 urceolus is transparent organic glass material, and upper side is provided with an escape pipe 4, and top is provided with a sampling and micro-algae delivery pipe 5, and bottom is provided with a microporous diffuser 2, and microporous diffuser 2 is connected with air compressor machine 7 by an air flowmeter 6.Reactor body 1 inside is provided with a hollow fiber film assembly 3, and connects successively constant flow pump 11 and liquid meter 12 by rising pipe.
Get certain effluent of municipal sewage plant as micro algae culturing liquid, water quality is NH4
+-N6.1～12.5mg/L, NO
3 --N4.2～10.8mg/L, NO
2 --N0.2～1.3mg/L, PO
4 3--P0.1～0.9mg/L, SS4.6～15.5mg/L, COD25～80mg/L, pH value 6.4～7.8.Enter bioreactor main body 1 by pump sump 8 by water pump 9 and liquid level equilibrium water tank 10, regulate air flowmeter 6 to control by microporous diffuser 2 and enter the air flow quantity in reactor, make the micro-algae in reactor remain on suspension growth state, air flow is controlled at 0.20～0.35vvm, hollow fiber film assembly 3 by constant flow pump 11 and connection thereof is discharged the liquid in reactor continuously, hollow fiber film assembly 3 is microfiltration membrane, material is polypropylene, aperture 0.05-0.2 μ m, make the hydraulic detention time of effluent of municipal sewage plant in reactor be controlled at 1～2d by the flow that regulates constant flow pump 11, corresponding hydraulic load is 0.5～1.0m
3/ (m
3d).At water inlet concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus, much smaller than traditional micro algae culturing liquid in the situation that, the nitrogen phosphorus nutrition load providing for reactor still can reach respectively 9.4～18.5gN/ (m
3d) He 0.3～0.9g P/ (m
3d), promoted the high speed breeding of micro-algae in reactor.Micro-algae of cultivating in reactor is owing to being retained in reactor by hollow fiber film assembly 3, thereby make the micro-concentration of algae in reactor constantly increase, reach the effect of utilizing the effluent of municipal sewage plant of low nitrogen and phosphorus content to cultivate the micro-algae of high density, while adopting chlorella to cultivate, micro-concentration of algae can reach 3500-6000mg/L, the high density algae liquid that cultivation obtains is regularly by sampling and micro-algae delivery pipe 5 is discharged from reactor, to realize the renewal of micro-algae in the results of microalgae cell and reactor.
Film microalgae photobiological reactor of the present invention has been realized the original position solid-liquid separation of nutrient solution and micro-algae, though adopt effluent of municipal sewage plant that above-mentioned nitrogen and phosphorus content is lower carry out emblem algae while cultivating uptake rate and the micro-algae throughput rate of unit volume reactor to nitrogen phosphorus all reach higher level.The uptake rate of nitrogen is reached to 5.2～7.5g N/ (m
3d), the uptake rate of phosphorus is reached to 0.1～0.3g P/ (m
3d), micro-algae throughput rate reaches 51～74g/ (m
3d), stable operation stage water outlet TN concentration is less than 5mg/L, and water outlet TP concentration is less than 0.3mg/L, can be used for the cultivation of micro-algae, also can be applied in the advanced nitrogen dephosphorization operation of sewage simultaneously.
Claims (5)
1. realize the film microalgae photobiological reactor of original position solid-liquid separation for one kind, comprise that top is provided with the reactor body of escape pipe and sampling and micro-algae delivery pipe, described reactor body bottom is provided with microporous diffuser blowing air under meter in parallel and air compressor machine, it is characterized in that being provided with in reactor body hollow fiber film assembly, described hollow fiber microfiltration membrane assembly connects constant flow pump and liquid meter, reactor body cylindrical case outside is provided with liquid level equilibrium water tank, and described liquid level equilibrium water tank water side is connected with reactor body lower end by water inlet pipe.
2. the film microalgae photobiological reactor of realizing original position solid-liquid separation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described hollow fiber film assembly is cylindrical, and membrane module is microfiltration membrane or ultra-filtration membrane, and the top height that membrane module is installed is lower than the top height of liquid level equilibrium water tank.
3. one kind is utilized the method that reactor carries out micro-algae cultivation described in claim 1, it is characterized in that micro algae culturing liquid enters in reactor body continuously through water pump and the gravity flow of liquid level equilibrium water tank, in reactor, provide microbubble by the microporous diffuser that is installed on reactor bottom, in reactor, cultivate obtained high density algae liquid and regularly discharge from sampling and micro-algae delivery pipe, from reactor, do not discharge continuously through immersion type membrane component and connected constant flow pump containing the water outlet of micro-algae.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that the residence time of nutrient solution in film microalgae photobiological reactor body be controlled at 1～3d, and the residence time of micro-algae in film microalgae photobiological reactor body is controlled at 10～36d.
5. method as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that the air flow providing from microporous diffuser in reactor is controlled at 0.20～0.65vvm.
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| CN103910434A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-07-09 | 厦门大学 | Membrane type photobioreactor for processing excessive nitrogen and phosphorus in biogas slurry and treatment method thereof |
| CN105961303A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-09-28 | 山东大学 | Fish-bacterium-algae-symbiotic ecological breeding system and running method thereof |
| CN106064853A (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2016-11-02 | 浙江海洋大学 | Synchronize to realize microalgae Immobilized culture and the bioreactor of sewage disposal and method |
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| CN105961303A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-09-28 | 山东大学 | Fish-bacterium-algae-symbiotic ecological breeding system and running method thereof |
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| WO2019029755A1 (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2019-02-14 | Corporacion Universidad De La Costa Cuc | Process and device for the treatment of domestic wastwater using multiple filters with bioadsorbent material and microalgae |
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Application publication date: 20140514 |