CN103788975B - The method that brown coal microwave-heating utilizes - Google Patents
The method that brown coal microwave-heating utilizes Download PDFInfo
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- CN103788975B CN103788975B CN201410028331.6A CN201410028331A CN103788975B CN 103788975 B CN103788975 B CN 103788975B CN 201410028331 A CN201410028331 A CN 201410028331A CN 103788975 B CN103788975 B CN 103788975B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method that brown coal microwave-heating utilizes, comprise step: 1) pulverized by brown coal, form powder stock, and send into drying installation and carry out drying, obtain dried powder raw material; 2) take microwave as thermal source, by dried powder heating raw materials to 400 ~ 600 DEG C of step 1), and keep 20 ~ 60min, obtain semicoke product and gas-oil mixture; 3) by step 2) gas-oil mixture that obtains isolates tar and pyrolysis gas through condenser, and this pyrolysis gas is sent into combustion unit and is carried out burning and produce flue gas, and using the drying installation of this flue gas feeding step 1) as drying medium.The present invention has the advantages such as technique is simple, working (machining) efficiency is high, flow process is short, easy handling, the comprehensive utilization ratio that can improve brown coal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that brown coal utilize, particularly relate to a kind of method that brown coal microwave-heating utilizes.
Background technology
Brown coal, have another name called bavin coal, are the pit coals that degree of coalification is minimum, are a kind of brownish black, lacklustre grizzles between peat and pitch coal, it is characterized by Gao Shui, hyperoxia, high-volatile, middle ash, low fixed carbon and lower calorific value etc.Brown coal chemical reactivity is strong, in atmosphere easily weathering, not easily stores and fortune far away.
Nineteen ninety-five is verified brown coal retained reserve 1,303 hundred million tons by China, account for that coal retained reserve is verified in the whole world about 15%, predicting the newly-increased amount of verifying in 2015 is 2,600 hundred million tons, planning the year two thousand twenty whole nation produces 21.5 hundred million tons, brown coal raw coal, almost all be distributed in industrial under-developed area, maximum with the Inner Mongol, northeast and Yunnan Province.
Current global energy is increasingly under intense situation, the with low cost and relevant processing technology of brown coal again progressively pay attention to by world energy sources circle.Brown coal are mainly used as the fuel in power station, both can make industrial chemicals, sorbent material, support of the catalyst and purify waste water, and also directly can be used as the raw material of industrial heat resources, gasification, low-temperature pyrolysis etc.But after brown coal drying, the special properties such as efflorescence of easily chapping, poor heat stability, burning-point is low, reactive behavior is strong, oxidizable spontaneous combustion, makes its processed and applied be subject to certain limitation.
The Upgrading Processes of brown coal mainly comprises the multistage rotary kiln pyrolytic process etc. of the Lurgi-Ruhrgas pyrolytic process of Germany, brown coal solid heat carrier pyrolysis (ETCH1-175) technique of USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics), gentleness gasification (Encoal) technology of the U.S., the Development of Coal Flash Pyrolysis Process of Japan, brown coal hot solid carrier devolatilization Poly-generation (DG) technique of Dalian University of Technology's research and development and the research and development of Beijing Coal Chemical Industry branch.Due to brown coal bad adhesion, do not produce plastic mass during pyrolysis, common pyrolysis installation all adopts internal heat type.It is at present main that what adopt is that same producer gas and air are as thermal source or adopt pyrolysis char as the pyrolysis type of furnace of thermal source.Wherein, the former due in air containing a large amount of nitrogen, in discharged producer gas, nitrogen content is higher, causes that coal is large-minded, calorific value is low, is follow-uply difficult to comprehensive utilization, causes the significant wastage of resource; The latter adopts solid thermal carriers type of heating, and the heat and mass transfer process more complicated of its system own, process control is more difficult.Conventional pyrolytic adopts electric heating or high-temperature medium type of heating, heat imports inside into from material surface, gas-phase product then from inside to outside spreads, its heat and mass direction is contrary, easily cause the second pyrolysis of product, and heating rate is little, lack of homogeneity, the tar rate of recovery is low, can not obtain the pyrolysis furnace gas with better utility value.For overcoming above shortcoming, researchist proposes the rapid pyrolysis method such as fluidized-bed, plasma body, but there is the shortcomings such as material needs fragmentation, current consumption large, and its basic heat and mass mode does not change.
Microwave heating is a kind of new type of heating, there is the features such as rate of heating is fast, calorific loss is little, easy to operate, and carbon is a kind of good microwave absorption, can be heated by selectivity, and carbon-coating surface can generate stability microwave plasma slab under microwave irradiation, form hot localised points, thus the heat-processed of strengthening W-response.Compared with conventional pyrolytic, microwave-heating has unique heat and mass rule and better heating uniformity, can more easily regulating and controlling temperature and pyrolytic process.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of method that brown coal microwave-heating utilizes.The present invention is by carrying out microwave-heating to brown coal, the shortcoming that can solve that the temperature that prior art exists is high, energy consumption is large, utilization ratio is low etc., and have that technique is simple, working (machining) efficiency is high, flow process is short, easy handling, the advantage such as comprehensive utilization ratio of brown coal can be improved.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the method that brown coal microwave-heating of the present invention utilizes, comprises step:
1) brown coal are pulverized, form powder stock, and send into drying installation and carry out drying, obtain dried powder raw material;
2) take microwave as thermal source, by dried powder heating raw materials to 400 ~ 600 DEG C of step 1), and keep certain residence time, as kept 20 ~ 60min, making the complete pyrolysis of raw material, obtaining semicoke product and gas-oil mixture;
3) by step 2) gas-oil mixture that obtains isolates tar and pyrolysis gas (namely gas-oil mixture is made up of tar and pyrolysis gas) through condenser, this pyrolysis gas is sent into combustion unit and is carried out burning generation flue gas, and this flue gas is sent into the drying installation of step 1) as drying medium, be back to combustion heat supplying by pyrolysis gas.
In described step 1), the water content of brown coal is 20 ~ 60%(weight percent); The particle diameter of powder stock is 0.5 ~ 2mm; Dry temperature is 120 ~ 200 DEG C; The water content of dried powder raw material is 1 ~ 10%(weight percent).
Described step 2) in, semicoke product and gas-oil mixture are all semicoke product and the gas-oil mixture of high-carbon content (>80%).
In described step 3), the condensed temperature of pyrolysis gas controls below 80 DEG C; The temperature of flue gas controls 120 ~ 200 DEG C (flue-gas temperature from combustion unit that namely drying installation uses is 120 ~ 200 DEG C).
In the present invention, semicoke product is the ature of coal mixture of high-carbon content, and tar is the mixture of phenol and hydrocarbon.
The present invention is a kind of clean, efficient brown coal Application way, and its concrete beneficial effect is as follows:
1) microwave-heating can improve pyrolysis rate greatly, Reaction time shorten, improves plant efficiency.
2) existence in microwave plasma district can reduce pyrolysis reaction temperature, gaseous product CO
2reforming reaction can be there is at a lower temperature under microwave exposure, improve H
2with CO equal size, add gas heating value.
3) combustion and pyrolysis gas is brown coal drying complementary heating, realizes energetic portions self-sufficiency, and simultaneously the dried recovered of water decreases the discharge of waste water after pyrolysis.
4) simple and convenient, the short easy handling of flow process of present invention process, the production cycle is shorter, environmental friendliness, security of system are reliable.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention is further detailed explanation:
Fig. 1 is the device schematic diagram that method of the present invention adopts.Wherein, 1 is pulverizer, and 2 is moisture eliminator, and 3 is microwave reactor, and 4 is semicoke collector, and 5 is condenser, and 6 is tar well, and 7 is combustion unit.
Embodiment
Operating process in following examples is as follows:
Brown coal raw material is delivered to by feed bin that to be pulverized in pulverizer 1 be the particle of particle diameter 0.5 ~ 2mm, then is delivered to moisture eliminator 2, electrically heated and by following 120 ~ 200 DEG C of produced flue gas heating under to be dried to moisture content be 1 ~ 10%.Dried brown coal particle is admitted in microwave reactor 3, and microwave heating, to required pyrolysis temperature, is carried out pyrolysis, obtained semicoke product and gas-oil mixture.
Wherein, semicoke product introduction semicoke collector 4; Gas-oil mixture, through condenser 5 condensation, isolates tar products and pyrolysis gas (flammable pyrolysis gas).Tar products enters tar well 6.The condensed temperature of pyrolysis gas controls below 80 DEG C, and pyrolysis gas is sent into combustion unit 7 carry out burning produce flue gas, control flue-gas temperature be 120 ~ 200 DEG C, flue gas enters moisture eliminator 2 and contacts with brown coal and take away moisture.Calculate the semicoke after pyrolysis and tar yield, and measure pyrolysis gas composition.
Now with specific embodiment, the method that brown coal microwave-heating utilizes is described.
Embodiment 1
Be 20%(weight percent by water content) brown coal powder be broken into the powder of 0.5mm after, be delivered to moisture eliminator 2, being dried to moisture content is 5%(weight percent), take microwave as thermal source, brown coal are heated to 600 DEG C, after keeping 20min, cooling obtains semicoke product and gas-oil mixture.This gas-oil mixture, through condenser 5 condensation, isolates tar products and pyrolysis gas.With this pyrolysis gas of gas chromatographic detection composition (Shimadzu 2014C, TCD detector, Ar is carrier gas, TDX-1 packed column, and post case temperature is 100 DEG C).
1 is the results are shown in Table after brown coal pyrolysis.
Embodiment 2
By water content be 30% brown coal powder be broken into the powder of 1.5mm after, be delivered to moisture eliminator 2, being dried to moisture content is 1%, take microwave as thermal source, brown coal is heated to 500 DEG C, keeps after 30min, and cooling obtains semicoke product and gas-oil mixture.This gas-oil mixture, through condenser 5 condensation, isolates tar products and pyrolysis gas.With this pyrolysis gas of gas chromatographic detection composition (Shimadzu 2014C, TCD detector, Ar is carrier gas, TDX-1 packed column, and post case temperature is 100 DEG C).
1 is the results are shown in Table after brown coal pyrolysis.
Embodiment 3
By water content be 40% brown coal powder be broken into the powder of 2.0mm after be delivered to moisture eliminator 2, being dried to moisture content is 10%, take microwave as thermal source, brown coal is heated to 400 DEG C, keeps after 60min, and cooling obtains semicoke product and gas-oil mixture.This gas-oil mixture, through condenser 5 condensation, isolates tar products and pyrolysis gas.With this pyrolysis gas of gas chromatographic detection composition (Shimadzu 2014C, TCD detector, Ar is carrier gas, TDX-1 packed column, and post case temperature is 100 DEG C).
1 is the results are shown in Table after brown coal pyrolysis.
Embodiment 4
By water content be 40% brown coal powder be broken into the powder of 1.0mm after be delivered to moisture eliminator 2, being dried to moisture content is 6%, take microwave as thermal source, brown coal is heated to 450 DEG C, keeps after 50min, and cooling obtains semicoke product and gas-oil mixture.This gas-oil mixture, through condenser 5 condensation, isolates tar products and pyrolysis gas.With this pyrolysis gas of gas chromatographic detection composition (Shimadzu 2014C, TCD detector, Ar is carrier gas, TDX-1 packed column, and post case temperature is 100 DEG C).
1 is the results are shown in Table after brown coal pyrolysis.
Embodiment 5
By water content be 50% brown coal powder be broken into the powder of 1.5mm after be delivered to moisture eliminator, being dried to moisture content is 5%, take microwave as thermal source, brown coal is heated to 550 DEG C, keeps after 35min, and cooling obtains semicoke product and gas-oil mixture.This gas-oil mixture, through condenser 5 condensation, isolates tar products and pyrolysis gas.With this pyrolysis gas of gas chromatographic detection composition (Shimadzu 2014C, TCD detector, Ar is carrier gas, TDX-1 packed column, and post case temperature is 100 DEG C).
1 is the results are shown in Table after brown coal pyrolysis.
Embodiment 6
By water content be 60% brown coal powder be broken into the powder of 1.0mm after be delivered to moisture eliminator, being dried to moisture content is 10%, take microwave as thermal source, brown coal is heated to 500 DEG C, keeps after 40min, and cooling obtains semicoke product and gas-oil mixture.This gas-oil mixture, through condenser 5 condensation, isolates tar products and pyrolysis gas.With this pyrolysis gas of gas chromatographic detection composition (Shimadzu 2014C, TCD detector, Ar is carrier gas, TDX-1 packed column, and post case temperature is 100 DEG C).
1 is the results are shown in Table after brown coal pyrolysis.
The pyrolytic reaction result of table 1 embodiment
Known through above-described embodiment, after brown coal microwave-heating, gained semicoke is about 65% (mass percent) of raw material, and tar is about 10 ~ 15% (mass percents) of raw material, the H in pyrolysis gas
266 ~ 80%(molar percentage of total tolerance is accounted for CO sum), the overall utilization rate of brown coal is higher.
Finally, it is also to be noted that what enumerate above is only several specific embodiments of the present invention.Obviously, the invention is not restricted to above embodiment, many distortion can also be had.All distortion that those of ordinary skill in the art can directly derive from content disclosed by the invention or associate, all should think protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a method for brown coal microwave-heating utilization, is characterized in that, comprise step:
1) brown coal are pulverized, form powder stock, and send into drying installation and carry out drying, obtain dried powder raw material;
Wherein, the water content of brown coal is 20 ~ 60%;
The particle diameter of powder stock is 0.5 ~ 2mm;
Dry temperature is 120 ~ 200 DEG C;
2) take microwave as thermal source, by step 1) dried powder raw material quickly heat up to and be more than or equal to 400 DEG C, be less than 500 DEG C, and keep 20 ~ 60min, obtain semicoke product and gas-oil mixture;
3) by step 2) gas-oil mixture that obtains isolates tar and pyrolysis gas through condenser, this pyrolysis gas is sent into combustion unit and is carried out burning and produce flue gas, and using this flue gas feeding step 1) drying installation as drying medium.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that: described step 1) in, the water content of dried powder raw material is 1 ~ 10%.
3. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that: described step 3) in, the condensed temperature of pyrolysis gas controls below 80 DEG C.
4. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that: described step 3) in, the temperature of flue gas controls at 120 ~ 200 DEG C.
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| CN105843287B (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2018-09-07 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院 | Microwave-heating biomass real time panoramic temperature monitoring regulator control system and method |
| CN106016971B (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2018-06-29 | 内蒙古工业大学 | A kind of method of lignite step upgrading |
| CN107858164A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-03-30 | 神雾环保技术股份有限公司 | A kind of coal sub-prime utilizes the system and method for preparing oil product and acetylene |
| CN108251140A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-07-06 | 淮阴师范学院 | A kind of method using microwave catalysis pyrolysis biomass orientation production biomass carbon |
| CN108955095B (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2020-05-26 | 太原理工大学 | Lignite microwave drying process |
| CN111978971A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-11-24 | 东南大学 | Biomass pyrolysis device and method with heat energy-microwave energy optimized matching |
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Inventor after: Sun Yuhan Inventor after: Li Jinping Inventor after: Xiao Yaning Inventor after: Luo Hu Inventor after: Kong Lingzhao Inventor after: Tang Zhiyong Inventor after: Miao Gai Inventor after: Wei Weiqi Inventor after: Liu Bin Inventor before: Sun Yuhan Inventor before: Luo Hu Inventor before: Kong Lingzhao Inventor before: Tang Zhiyong Inventor before: Miao Gai Inventor before: Wei Weiqi Inventor before: Li Jinping Inventor before: Xiao Yaning Inventor before: Liu Bin |
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