CN103788033B - A kind of fructose Dehydration is for the method for 5 hydroxymethyl furfural - Google Patents
A kind of fructose Dehydration is for the method for 5 hydroxymethyl furfural Download PDFInfo
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- CN103788033B CN103788033B CN201210435872.1A CN201210435872A CN103788033B CN 103788033 B CN103788033 B CN 103788033B CN 201210435872 A CN201210435872 A CN 201210435872A CN 103788033 B CN103788033 B CN 103788033B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D307/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D307/34—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D307/38—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D307/40—Radicals substituted by oxygen atoms
- C07D307/46—Doubly bound oxygen atoms, or two oxygen atoms singly bound to the same carbon atom
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/0215—Sulfur-containing compounds
- B01J31/0225—Sulfur-containing compounds comprising sulfonic acid groups or the corresponding salts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/0231—Halogen-containing compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2231/70—Oxidation reactions, e.g. epoxidation, (di)hydroxylation, dehydrogenation and analogues
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Abstract
A kind of fructose Dehydration is for the novel method of 5 hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF), and the method, using silicon dioxide base hydrophobic nano solid-acid material as catalyzer, is applied to fructose Dehydration for HMF process.Because this material has surface hydrophobicity and acidic site, be conducive to promoting efficiently carrying out of reaction, obtain high fructose converting rate and HMF selectivity.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the catalytic applications of nano material, specifically a kind of silicon dioxide base hydrophobic nano solid-acid material is applied in fructose dehydration reaction, in order to efficiently, the acquisition HMF of highly selective.
Background technology
Along with the minimizing day by day of fossil resource, the substitute of development fossil resource is the problem that the mankind pay close attention to jointly.Compared to new forms of energy such as wind and solar energies, biomass resource can be converted into fine chemicals due to it and then replace existing petrochemical industry route and seem particularly important.HMF, i.e. 5 hydroxymethyl furfural are a kind of important platform chemicals that biomass catalyzing transforms in preparative chemistry product route, it can be further converted to 2, the derived product such as 5-furans dicarbaldehyde, FDCA, 2,5-dimethyl furans and maleic anhydride.These derived product can be utilized as the polyester monocase of novel high polymer or bioenergy.Current HMF is mainly obtained by an acidic catalyst catalysis carbohydrate Dehydration.There is the problems such as temperature of reaction is higher, yield is lower, coking is serious.The acid material of Development of Novel improves productive rate and the selectivity of HMF, extremely important.Traditional an acidic catalyst surface is wetting ability, and the water that fructose dehydration produces can be adsorbed on the surface of catalyzer, easily causes the HMF generated degrade or be polymerized to humin substances, hinders the continuation reaction of substrate molecule and reduces selectivity.
Summary of the invention
Transforming generation HMF to realize fructose efficient catalytic, needing invention a kind of for the hydrophobic solid acid Catalysts and its preparation method of fructose catalytic Dehydration for HMF.Under the effect of catalyzer, under mild conditions, efficient for fructose catalytic dehydration is prepared HMF.
According to the present invention, in order to improve the effect of catalyzed reaction, the nano SiO 2 particle that have selected good dispersity is the difunctionalization catalyzer of substrate.Specifically with SiO
2nano particle is substrate, connects sulfonic group in its surface as acid active sites, grafting hydrophobic group regulating catalyst surface catalysis microenvironment; The dehydration of catalysis fructose is carried out by acidic-group, the hydrophobicity on surface is improved by the group introducing nonpolar or low-pole, the water produced in dehydration is departed from from catalyst surface in time, thus avoids the generation of the side reactions such as HMF hydrolytic polymerization, and then improve selectivity and productive rate.Difunctionalization catalyzer its can adopt general formula AcHg-SiO
2(X, Y) represents, Ac is the abbreviation of Acid, is sulfonic acid surfactant base; Hg is the abbreviation of Hydrophobicgroup, is surface hydrophobicity group; Wherein, Ac is one or more in propyl sulfonic acid base, ethylsulfonic acid base, phenylbenzimidazole sulfonic acid base and tetrafluoro phenyl sulfonic group; Hg is one or more in methyl, ethyl, propyl group, vinyl, Chloroallyl, naphthyl, phenyl, trifluoro propyl, phenyl-monofluoride base and pentafluorophenyl group.X is the mass content of acidic-group, and Y is the mass content of hydrophobic group.
Precipitation agent is water miscible, and silane is oil-soluble, in order to synthesize uniform particle diameter, the dispersed high nano SiO 2 particle containing organic group, must make precipitation agent and silane fully and uniform contact, the present invention adopts tensio-active agent and cosurfactant by ammonia soln high dispersive among oil phase, silane is fully contacted, precipitation from homogeneous solution with precipitation agent.
The preparation method of catalyzer can operate according to the following step:
1) by the ammoniacal liquor of tensio-active agent, mass concentration 25-28%, water, organic phase and cosurfactant mixing composition reverse micro emulsion A; Tetraethoxy, hydrosulphonyl silane and hydrophobic silane are silicon source, are mixed and made into solution B; Under the condition stirred, solution B is added in solution A, and aging 2-48h; The mass ratio of the final mixing solutions of gained is 0 ~ 8 tensio-active agent: 1 ~ 4 water: 5 ~ 9 organic phases: 0 ~ 6 cosurfactant: 1 tetraethoxy: 0.05 ~ 1.5 hydrophobic silane: the hydrosulphonyl silane of 0.05 ~ 1.5: 0.01 ~ 2 ammonia.
2) the 1-20 ethanol breakdown of emulsion doubly of silicon source quality is added, collected by centrifugation solid; The tensio-active agent of solid surface, 80-150 DEG C of oven dry are removed in the 5-50 times of alcohol reflux washing adding silicon source quality for 2-6 time.
3) nano material of gained is placed in 20mL ethanol, add silicon source quality 5-50 30% hydrogen peroxide doubly, at room temperature stir 24h, centrifugal, add sulphuric acid soln and the silicon source quality 5-50 ethanol doubly of silicon source quality 5-50 times of 1M, stir 1h, wash three times, 80-150 DEG C of oven dry, finally obtains homogeneous granular nano material.
According to the present invention, in order to realize the microballoon that catalyzer is Nano grade, tensio-active agent used in catalyst preparation process can be that anion surfactant is as linear alkylbenzene sulphonic acid and α-sodium olefin sulfonate, also can be nonionogenic tenside as the organic primary amine of long-chain, Np series and TWEEN Series tensio-active agent, can also be that cats product is as hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide etc.Organic phase is ethanol, hexanaphthene, normal hexane or toluene, and cosurfactant is propyl carbinol, isopropylcarbinol or n-Octanol.The SiO of gained in the present invention
2granular size be 5-150nm.
According to the present invention, the performance of catalyzed reaction is relevant with the kind of the acidic-group on catalyzer, and the acidic-group described in catalyst preparation process is one or more in propyl sulfonic acid base, ethylsulfonic acid base, phenylbenzimidazole sulfonic acid base and tetrafluoro phenyl sulfonic group.
According to the present invention, the performance of catalyzed reaction is relevant with the amount of the acidic components on catalyzer, and acidic site is too low, and can affect the selectivity of catalyzed reaction, consumption is too high, and side reaction increases.The charge capacity of the acidic-group therefore in the present invention is 0.5-40%.
According to the present invention, in order to improve the hydrophobicity of catalyst surface and improve transformation efficiency and the selectivity of catalysis, the hydrophobic grouping in hydrophobic silane described in catalyst preparation process is one or more in methyl, ethyl, propyl group, vinyl, Chloroallyl, naphthyl, phenyl, trifluoro propyl, phenyl-monofluoride base and pentafluorophenyl group.
According to the present invention, the amount of hydrophobic group can affect the catalytic effect of catalyzer, and content too much can make nano silicon spheres irregular, and the hydrophobic performance on the too low then surface of content improves not enough, and catalytic effect is all bad.Therefore hydrophobic group mass content 0.5-40% in the catalyst in the present invention.
According to the present invention, fructose Dehydration is for the reaction of HMF, and its temperature of reaction is 50-200 DEG C, and optimum temps is 80-180 DEG C; Reaction is carried out under nitrogen or air atmosphere; Reaction times is 30-720min, and optimum reacting time is 60-180min; Substrate conversion efficiency is that 6-99%, HMF selectivity reaches more than 95%.
The present invention obtains hydrophobic solid acid material by the organically-modified design on surface, is applied in this reaction, is conducive to water and the timely desorption of HMF of generation, reduce the generation of side reaction, and then be conducive to the absorption of substrate, improve transformation efficiency, thus improve the productive rate of HMF.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
With SpPh-SiO
2(15,15) be example, the content that this material confirms its acidic site through acid base titration is 25ummol/g, the surface that phenylbenzimidazole sulfonic acid base silane and hydrophobic propyl silane have been coupled to silicon ball is confirmed through FT-IR spectrogram and 29Si-NMR, and contact angle can reach 130 °, it is hydrophobic for describing this acid material.
Fig. 1 SpPh-SiO
2the FT-IR spectrogram of (15,15)
Fig. 2 SpPh-SiO
2the 29Si-NMR spectrogram of (15,15)
Fig. 3 SpPh-SiO
2the contact angle spectrogram of (15,15)
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, method provided by the invention is described in detail, but do not limit the present invention in any form.
Embodiment 1 materials A (SpPh-SiO
2(15,15)) preparation
Get 20gNp-12,25g hexanaphthene, 5g water, 2g ammoniacal liquor (25-28%) and 3g n-Octanol are mixed to get solution A; 0.2g3-mercaptopropyi Trimethoxy silane (presoma of acidic-group), 1g tetraethoxy and 0.2g phenyl triethoxysilane (hydrophobic silane) are mixed to get solution B; With vigorous stirring solution B is added in solution A, aging 8h; Then, add 10mL ethanol, vigorous stirring 30min, centrifugal white powder; 60mL ethanol is added, heated and stirred 15min in this solid, centrifugal; Repeat this step repeatedly, until removal of surfactant is clean; In solid, add 20mL ethanol, 1g mass concentration 30% hydrogen peroxide, stir 2h.Centrifugal, obtain white solid, add 1M sulphuric acid soln 10mL, stir 3h, centrifugal, obtain white solid powder.Add distilled water 30mL wherein, stir 30min, centrifugal, repeat this step repeatedly, until residual sulphuric acid soln is except clean; Dry to obtain final nano material SpPh-SiO for 80 DEG C
2(15,15).
The acidity of this material is 25ummol/g through its acid amount of titration, its FT-IR spectrogram and
29si-NMR spectrogram (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) proves that the coupling of phenyl and sulfydryl is at silica sphere, and it is 120 ° (Fig. 3) that its contact angle figure shows its hydrophobic angle.
The preparation of embodiment 2 material B-E
The same materials A of preparation method of material B-E, difference is on the contamination of selected organosilane, and the kind of the concrete organosilane adopted is in table 1, and table 1 listed in by the material obtained.
The kind of the organosilane adopted in prepared by table 1 material B-E
Embodiment 3
By the 0.025gSpEt-SiO of synthesis
2the catalyzer of (10,15) joins in 5mLDMSO, adds 0.5g fructose, is heated to 80 DEG C, reacts 5h in air in oil bath, and after reaction terminates, the content HPLC of fructose analyzes, and transformation efficiency is 92%.The yield of HMF comes quantitatively with GC, and yield is 80%.
Embodiment 4
By the 0.2gPcPr-SiO of synthesis
2the catalyzer of (10,20) joins in 50mLDMSO, adds 1g fructose, is heated to 100 DEG C, reacts 2h in nitrogen in oil bath, and after reaction terminates, the content HPLC of fructose analyzes, and transformation efficiency is 99%.The yield of HMF comes quantitatively with GC, and productive rate is 85%.
Embodiment 5
By the 0.05gEtPf-SiO of synthesis
2the catalyzer of (5,10) joins in 10mLDMf, adds 2g fructose, is heated to 120 DEG C, reacts 8h in nitrogen in oil bath, and after reaction terminates, the content HPLC of fructose analyzes, and transformation efficiency is 99%.The yield of HMF comes quantitatively with GC, and productive rate is 70%.
Embodiment 6
By the 0.075gFcMy-SiO of synthesis
2the catalyzer of (15,10) joins in 10mLDMF, adds 1.5g fructose, is heated to 120 DEG C, reacts 5h in nitrogen in oil bath, and after reaction terminates, the content HPLC of fructose analyzes, and transformation efficiency is 87%.The yield of HMF comes quantitatively with GC, and productive rate is 72%.
Embodiment 7
By the 0.1gSpPh-SiO of synthesis
2the catalyzer of (2,10) joins in 10mLDMF, adds 5g fructose in oil bath, is heated to 120 DEG C, react 12h in nitrogen, and after reaction terminates, the content HPLC of fructose analyzes, and transformation efficiency is 93%.The yield of HMF comes quantitatively with GC, and productive rate is 82%.
Embodiment 8
By the 0.1gSpVi-SiO of synthesis
2the catalyzer of (25,10) joins in 10mLDMSO, adds 0.5g fructose, is heated to 120 DEG C, reacts 4h in nitrogen in oil bath, and after reaction terminates, the content HPLC of fructose analyzes, and transformation efficiency is 99%.The yield of HMF comes quantitatively with GC, and productive rate is 83%.
Embodiment 9
By the 0.025gFcPf-SiO of synthesis
2the catalyzer of (30,15) joins in 2mLDMSO, adds 1g fructose in oil bath, is heated to 120 DEG C, react 6h in nitrogen, and after reaction terminates, the content HPLC of fructose analyzes, and transformation efficiency is 87%.The yield of HMF comes quantitatively with GC, and productive rate is 84%.
The present invention obtains hydrophobic solid acid material by the organically-modified design on surface, be applied in this reaction, be conducive to water and the timely desorption of HMF of generation, reduce the generation of side reaction, and then be conducive to the absorption of substrate, thus making transformation efficiency can reach 99%, selectivity reaches as high as 96%, and this shows that this catalyzer is the catalyzer that the dehydration of effective fructose generates HMF.
Claims (5)
1. fructose Dehydration is for a method of 5 hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF), it is characterized in that: the method is with silicon dioxide base hydrophobic nano solid-acid material for catalyzer, and this catalyzer is with SiO
2microballoon is substrate, at its surperficial scion grafting acidic-group and hydrophobic group; Catalyst surface has hydrophobicity and acidic site; Be applied to fructose Dehydration for HMF, this method can improve the transformation efficiency of fructose and the selectivity of HMF;
Silicon dioxide base hydrophobic nano solid-acid material its adopt general formula AcHg-SiO
2(X, Y) represents, Ac is the abbreviation of Acid, is sulfonic acid surfactant base; Hg is the abbreviation of Hydrophobicgroup, is surface hydrophobicity group; X is the mass content of acidic-group, and Y is the mass content of hydrophobic group; AcHg-SiO
2(X, Y) particle diameter is 20-150 nanometer, and the mass content of acidic-group is 0.5-40%, and the mass content of hydrophobic group is 0.5-40%, and all the other components are SiO
2.
2. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: described fructose Dehydration is for the reaction of HMF, and its temperature of reaction is 80-180 DEG C; Reaction is carried out under nitrogen or air atmosphere; Reaction times is 60-180min.
3. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: in silicon dioxide base hydrophobic nano solid-acid material, acidic site is one or two or more kinds in propyl sulfonic acid base, ethylsulfonic acid base, phenylbenzimidazole sulfonic acid base and tetrafluoro phenyl sulfonic group, and hydrophobic group is one or two or more kinds in methyl, ethyl, propyl group, vinyl, Chloroallyl, naphthyl, phenyl, trifluoro propyl, phenyl-monofluoride base and pentafluorophenyl group.
4. according to the method described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described catalyst levels is the 5%-40% of fructose quality.
5. according to the method described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: react in liquid phase and carry out, its solvent adopted is DMSO or DMF, and described solvent load is 2-40 times of fructose quality.
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CN106179493B (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2018-11-13 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | A kind of hydrophobic solid acid catalyst and preparation and the application in aromatic acid esterification |
CN109776459A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-05-21 | 天津大学 | A kind of method that the fructose dehydration of hydrophobic solid acid catalysis prepares 5 hydroxymethyl furfural |
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