CN103786562B - Locking system of battery box of electric passenger vehicle - Google Patents
Locking system of battery box of electric passenger vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN103786562B CN103786562B CN201210423097.8A CN201210423097A CN103786562B CN 103786562 B CN103786562 B CN 103786562B CN 201210423097 A CN201210423097 A CN 201210423097A CN 103786562 B CN103786562 B CN 103786562B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a locking system of a rapid replacement battery box. The locking system comprises a box body main locking system (100) and a box body clamping and locking mechanism (200); the box body main locking system comprises an execution cylinder (101), a connecting truss (102), a horizontal linear bearing (103), a horizontal linear guide rail (104), a bearing support (105), a connecting rod (106), a vertical linear bearing (107), a vertical linear guide rail (108) and a wedge-shaped locking block (109); the clamping and locking mechanism comprises a locking seat (201) which is fixed on an outer box of the battery box and a sliding bolt (202) which is fixed on an inner box of the battery box. According to the locking system of the battery box of a rapid replacement type electric passenger vehicle, the effective locking of a battery box body system is achieved, the problems that the deformation of a box body is caused by bumping of the vehicle box body and accordingly the replacement is reduced, a positioning pin hole cannot be aligned to, and the bolt cannot be accurately locked are solved, the large locking force is achieved due to a pneumatic system, and the locking of the inner box and the outer box of a battery can be safe and reliable due to the fact that a main lock and an auxiliary lock are matched with each other in a locking mode.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to changing electric battery box system of electric bus technical field and in particular to arriving the fastening system of battery case.
Background technology
Encourage under the trend of new-energy automobile industry development in countries in the world, electric motor coach is made by China with small-sized electric car
For first developing object.With the expansion of national pilot work, for using the passenger vehicle changing electric scheme, each enterprise is proposed
Design, and small lot accordingly is delivered for use.At present, batteries of electric automobile change one of power technology difficult point to be solved be as
What carries out safe and reliable locking and unblock to the battery case being contained on vehicle automatically.Mostly existing locking and unblock scheme are to adopt
With the locking mode of bolt-type, there is battery case and cross positioning, battery case is deformed making the lock pin cannot during vehicle jolts
The problems such as to entering.For example, a kind of quick-replaceable battery of electric vehicle disclosed in the Chinese patent of Publication No. CN101289056
Case, its locking and unlocking mechanism adopt the battery case left and right sides to install dead bolt latch and realize locking, so in box deformation or
In the case that exchange battery case dimensional uniformity is not good, lock pin will be unable to insert.And born in vehicle operation by rigid dead bolt
Various impacts, because battery case weight is larger, lockable mechanism is easily deformed or even ruptures, and reliability is relatively low.2010
During Shanghai World's Fair, the mentality of designing that electric motor coach quick change battery box adopts is identical with above, and result of trial operation shows, electric
The interchangeability of pond case is bad, dead bolt often and cannot be directed at the phenomenon that lockhole latches although dead bolt is all set using approximate cone
Meter, has certain error centering ability, but because retaining mechanism driving force mostly is spring mechanism, the elastic force that spring produces is much smaller than
It is impossible to effective regulating cell case site error, design needs to improve for the deadweight of battery case.
Content of the invention
Present invention aim to address the deficiencies in the prior art, provide and a kind of Battery case effectively can be locked
System.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of battery box for electric passenger car fastening system, including the primary lock system providing coupling mechanism force in vehicle operation,
The secondary latch mechanism of pre- locking and insurance function is provided.Described primary lock system is installed on casing top, including being installed on casing
The system drive cylinder of portion's crossbeam, the parallel two piece straight line entering outgoing direction along casing being installed on the casing top left and right sides is led
Rail, is installed on four pieces of linear bearings at the both ends on line slideway, the front truss of connection cylinder rod and linear bearing, rear spar
Frame, is installed on the support of bearing on linear bearing, and the linear bearing being installed between parallel lines bearing supports, and is installed on straight line
The ear dish structure part at bearing rear portion, is installed on the vertical line guide rail of casing both sides and is arranged on vertical on this line slideway
Linear bearing, connects the connecting rod of horizontal bearing and vertical bearing, and connecting rod is installed on ear dish structure part and the vertical line support of bearing
Between, wedge shape closing piece is installed on vertical line bearing.
Described pair locking device includes the lock being installed on battery outer box, and including lock housing, being installed on can on lock housing
So that by the spring handle of being unlocked by pressing, being installed on lock housing makes the return spring of spring handle self-return, is installed on lock
Seat shell body and the lock main body of dead bolt cooperation, are provided with lock sliding pin and lock slide block, lock sliding pin passes through solid in lock main body
The pin being scheduled on lock slide block is connected with lock slide block, and pin is arranged in skewed slot, lock sliding pin and spring handle on lock sliding pin
Connect, can be moved up and down by itself inclined-plane of lock sliding pin and be converted to the horizontal movement promoting lock slide block, be installed on
Return spring between lock slide block and lock main body.Described spring bolt mechanism is installed on battery case, including connection battery case
With the dead bolt protecgulum of spring bolt mechanism, the dead bolt being installed in dead bolt protecgulum supports, and supports dead bolt litter, is installed on dead bolt litter
Dead bolt, dead bolt under the action of the spring, can after locking self-return, protection internal structure dead bolt bonnet.
During system locking, connecting rod 106 promotes vertical line bearing to run downwards, and connecting rod is then rocked to position shown in Fig. 3, this
When the counteracting force to case coupling mechanism force for the wedge shape closing piece 109, linear bearing 103 will be promoted move to locking direction, that is, be in extremely
Point position, system can reliably be locked.
The present invention, using in the uniform four pieces of wedge shape closing pieces in casing top, can apply coupling mechanism force symmetrically to casing.
In casing open mode, wedge shape closing piece takes in battery outer box completely, pushing and taking out and do not produce any interference to battery case.
When casing is locked, cylinder promotes linear bearing to move to casing pull-out direction by truss, and linear bearing drivening rod moves,
Connecting rod promotes vertical line bearing to run downwards, and wedge shape closing piece enters the draw-in groove of case in battery, and draw-in groove is anti-to case coupling mechanism force
Active force, will promote linear bearing to move to locking direction, i.e. the component in the horizontal direction of counteracting force suffered by closing piece
The linear bearing of horizontal movement is made to be in dead-centre position, system can reliably be locked.Wedge shape closing piece passes through three acting surfaces respectively
Battery case is applied with the active force in three directions, so that battery case is effectively locked.
The present invention is parallelly mounted to battery using the line slideway with larger weight capacity and linear bearing, line slideway
Outer container top cross-bar.
U-type groove is opened in the position that the present invention connects cylinder rod on truss, eliminates the depth of parallelism of line slideway and cylinder-bore axis
Error.The position connecting linear bearing on truss adopts circular hole round pin to connect, and eliminates the parallelism error that two line slideways are shown in.
The linear bearing of the present invention supports using arcwall face design, increases bearing capacity, reduces the inclination of linear bearing, institute
State linear bearing to support using the steel bar being processed and formed at one time.
The present invention arranges secondary retaining mechanism in the left and right sides of casing, secondary retaining mechanism can by robot arm or
Manually open.
In the present invention, dead bolt adopts semilune cambered surface to design, and upper and lower surface is inclined-plane.Corresponding lock main body is using tiltedly
The cambered surface of the corresponding dead bolt in face, push-on process, lock ramp effect, in dead bolt cambered surface, dead bolt is pushed dead bolt housing, and dead bolt is aligned
After lock main body lockhole, under the action of the spring, dead bolt is pushed into lockhole, completes locking action.
In the present invention, two parallel sliding axles are set in spring bolt mechanism, sliding axle is fixed within lock bolt structure
On supporting in front and back.On sliding axle, dead bolt is installed, makes the dead bolt can be along sliding axle axially-movable.Sliding axle supports and sliding axle between
Setting elastic rubber fitting, mitigates impact, protects spring bolt mechanism.
In the present invention, in the outside of spring bolt mechanism, install and open handle.Open handle and dead bolt is fastened directly to by bolt
On, pull and open handle, dead bolt can be made to move forward and backward on sliding axle, dead bolt can in the presence of spring on sliding axle certainly
Dynamic return.
In the present invention, lock slide block is set, in opening operation, dead bolt being released from lock main body lockhole, making
Battery case freely ejects.Lock slide block is arranged on four sliding axles within lock, and slide block under the action of the spring, can be certainly
Move and be repositioned to retracted mode it is ensured that dead bolt can normally snap in.
In the present invention, change after electric battery case pushes, secondary latch mechanism clamping, and bear the ejection power to case for the battery outer box.
After primary lock system falls, battery case is acted on by acting surface by wedge shape closing piece, bear the ejection to case for the battery outer box
Power.Now, secondary latch mechanism does not stress.
The present invention adopts air cylinder driven, ratio Motor drive locking, and manual locking or the locking that certainly latches have bigger locking
Power, directly drives linear bearing by structural member, does not adopt gear or turbine and worm transmission, it is to avoid mismachining tolerance or vehicle
Jolt impact reduction system quality of fit, simpler and reliable.
The present invention has abandoned locking and the unlocking manner of bolt-type, simplifies mechanical transmission structure, from gas simultaneously as far as possible
Cylinder, as retaining mechanism power source, obtains bigger coupling mechanism force.
Using the quick change battery box system of the locking scheme of the present invention, efficiently solve in battery case quick-release and fast-assembling
Cause property and integrity problem, solve orientation problem excessively of the prior art simultaneously, make battery case and outer container reliable connection, have
Effect prevents vehicle from running the relative motion of jolt raising middle flask and outer container, and then reduces casing and its subsidiary body is subject to impacts,
Improve service life, reduce the deformation of power line plug, arcing, welding phenomena, improve reliability.The present invention enters to fastening system
Go brand-new design, simple and compact for structure, normal operation that electric motor coach change electric system has been effectively ensured.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the casing fastening system structural representation of battery box for electric passenger car fastening system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the double-rod double-acting cylinder of battery box for electric passenger car fastening system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the fastening system drive mechanism of battery box for electric passenger car fastening system of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the wedge shape closing piece mechanism of battery box for electric passenger car fastening system of the present invention.
Fig. 4 a is the wedge shape block structured schematic diagram of battery box for electric passenger car fastening system of the present invention.
Fig. 4 b is the schematic diagram of the battery case wedge locked groove of battery box for electric passenger car fastening system of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the secondary lock lock structural scheme of mechanism of battery box for electric passenger car fastening system of the present invention.
Fig. 5 a is the secondary lock lock opening schematic diagram of battery box for electric passenger car fastening system of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the spring bolt mechanism schematic diagram of battery box for electric passenger car fastening system of the present invention.
Fig. 6 a is that the spring bolt mechanism of battery box for electric passenger car fastening system of the present invention opens handle schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 is the lock sliding pin structural representation of battery box for electric passenger car fastening system of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment for the present invention is described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As Fig. 1, a kind of battery box for electric passenger car fastening system shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 6.Including the main lock above casing
Clamping system 100, the secondary latch mechanism 200 locked as auxiliary positioned at cabinet front.Described primary lock system 100 includes double-rod double cropping
With cylinder 101, connect the truss 102 of cylinder 101 and linear bearing 103, be fixed on battery case outer container along what casing entered outgoing direction
Two parallel line slideways 104,4 pieces of linear bearings 103 are installed thereon, under air cylinder driven, truss 102 support straight line
Bearing 103 is synchronized with the movement.Linear bearing 103 passes through the support of bearing 105 and connects promotion connecting rod 106, promotes the other end of connecting rod 106
Connect vertical line bearing 107, vertical line bearing 107 is along the upper and lower fortune of vertical line guide rail 108 being fixed on battery outer box
Dynamic, the inner side of vertical line bearing 107 is provided with the wedge shape closing piece 109 snapping in battery case case draw-in groove.Lock battery case case
Draw-in groove, realize in battery case the X.Y.Z axle of case three axles positioning.
The secondary latch mechanism 200 of described auxiliary locking, including the lock 201 being installed on battery case outer container both sides, correspondence and
It is installed on the slip spring bolt mechanism 202 of case.
Described cylinder is double-rod double-acting cylinder 101, is fixed on battery case outer container girder steel, described cylinder by angled seat 1011
101 carry end cushion pad 1012.
Connect described connect cylinder 101 with the truss 102 of linear bearing 103 by front truss 1021, rear truss 1022 and straight
Line bearings 1023 form.Truss is used for being rigidly connected linear bearing it is ensured that it is synchronized with the movement in front and back.Linear bearing supports and is
With the steel bar of certain radian, an excision forming, for improving fastening system rigidity, in the locked condition, reduce linear bearing
Inclination.
The screw counter bore 1024 that described line slideway 104 passes through on guide rail is fixed on battery case outer container girder steel, described
Linear bearing 103 is attached most importance to load bearing.
The base of the described support of bearing 105 is fastened on linear bearing 103, and it is tight that screwed hole is passed through in linear bearing support 1023
Gu on the reinforcement 1052 of the connecting rod ear disk 1051 of the support of bearing 105.During system locking, connecting rod 106 promotes vertical line axle
Hold downward operation, connecting rod then swings position as shown in Figure 3, the now counteracting force to case coupling mechanism force for the wedge shape closing piece 109 will push away
Dynamic linear bearing 103 moves to locking direction, that is, be in dead-centre position, system can reliably be locked.
Described wedge shape closing piece 109 has three work surfaces corresponding with the wedge shape locked groove of case in battery.To acting surface
The effect of 1091 and 1092 applying powers, it is possible to achieve casing effective positioning planar, and can be implemented in vertical direction
On effective positioning acting surface 1093.4 wedge shape closing piece cooperations, effectively lock battery case.
Described battery case outer container lock 201 includes spring handle 2011, lock housing 2012, lock main body 2013, lock
Slide block 2014, sliding axle 2015 and lock sliding pin 2016.
Described lock sliding pin 2016 has skewed slot 2017 above, and the pin 2018 being fixedly installed in lock slide block 2014 is arranged in
In described skewed slot 2017, after described spring handle 2011 pressure, sliding pin 2016 is promoted to move downward, the skewed slot 2017 on sliding pin pushes away
The dynamic pin 2018 being fixed on slide block 2014, slide block is pushed out to position as shown in Figure 5 a, opens secondary lock.Trip spring handss
Handle, under spring force, each reset is to original state.
The described spring bolt mechanism 202 being installed on battery case, including dead bolt 2021, dead bolt litter 2022, dead bolt supports
2023, dead bolt protecgulum 2024, dead bolt bonnet 2025 and manually opened handle 2026.Spring bolt mechanism pushes outer with battery case
The ramp effect of case, dead bolt and lock main body 2013, dead bolt falls into lock main body lockhole after being pushed into spring bolt mechanism.Carry out changing electricity
During operation, dead bolt is released by the spring handle 2011 that robot presses on lock.When changing electricity manually, pull the unlatching of spring bolt mechanism
Handle 2026, you can exit dead bolt, pulls out battery case.Change after electric battery case pushes, the clamping of secondary latch mechanism 200, and bear
The ejection power to case for the battery outer box.After primary lock system 100 falls, acted on by acting surface 1093 by wedge shape closing piece 109
Battery case, bears the ejection to case for the battery outer box.Now, secondary latch mechanism does not stress.
When selecting implementation method, emphasis considers the impact feature in passenger vehicle running to the present invention, and that is, vertical direction is
Have greatly an impact of 3 ~ 4G, horizontal direction maximum 1G about impact, so fastening system needs emphasis to overcome rushing of vertical direction
Hit.Then using press-down type wedge shape closing piece, casing is locked.
When the present invention is applied to battery case, as shown in figure 1, battery outer box, primary lock system, secondary lock lock as one,
It is installed on interior of body, and according to general arrangement demand to vehicle body air-channel system stringing, Circuits System is connected up.Simultaneously in battery case
Arranged alongside hand-operated direction valve, as Redundancy Design, improves system reliability.
When carrying out changing electrically operated using the electric motor coach of the present invention, under the operation of driver, electromagnetic switch valve events, gas
Cylinder promotes linear bearing by truss, moves to casing rear through locking dead-centre position, the support of bearing pulls vertical line axle
Hold and lift, wedge shape closing piece is separated from from the locked groove of battery case, and take in battery outer box completely.Now, robot start into
Row changes electrically operated.Robot arm pressing secondary lock lock spring handle 2011, lock sliding pin 2016 promotes lock slide block 2014, will
Dead bolt releases lock main body 2013, and secondary latch mechanism is opened, and robot pulls the handle on battery case, and battery is pulled out.Afterwards,
Full electricity battery is shifted to identical station by robot, and battery is pushed battery outer box, and in battery case end of travel, dead bolt cambered surface acts on
In lock main body inclined-plane, it is pushed further into after being pressed into spring bolt mechanism, after be aligned main body lockhole, under the action of the spring, secondary lock is automatically
Latch.Robot complete all casings change electrically operated after, driver carry out solenoid directional control valve control switch operation, cylinder action,
Linear bearing travels forward, and promotes wedge shape closing piece to insert battery case locked groove by connecting rod, under the effect of closing piece three face, battery quilt
Locking, completes to change electrically operated.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of battery box for electric passenger car fastening system, including the primary lock system (100) above casing, before casing
Side as auxiliary locking secondary latch mechanism (200) it is characterised in that:
Described primary lock system (100) includes cylinder (101), connects the truss (102) of cylinder (101) and linear bearing (103),
Enter two line slideways (104) that outgoing direction is fixed on battery case outer container along casing, described linear bearing (103) is fixed on directly
On line guide rail (104), linear bearing (103) connects promotion connecting rod (106), promotes the other end of connecting rod (106) to connect vertically straight
Bobbin holds (107), and vertical line bearing (107) is fixed on the vertical line guide rail (108) of battery outer box, vertical line bearing
(107) inner side is provided with the wedge shape closing piece (109) snapping in case draw-in groove in battery case;
The secondary latch mechanism (200) of described auxiliary locking includes being installed on the lock (201) of battery case outer container both sides, and is installed on
The slip spring bolt mechanism (202) of interior case.
2. a kind of battery box for electric passenger car fastening system according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described cylinder is double-rod
Double-acting cylinder, is fixed on battery case outer container girder steel by angled seat (1011), and described cylinder (101) carries end cushion pad
(1012).
3. a kind of battery box for electric passenger car fastening system according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described connection cylinder
(101) with the truss (102) of linear bearing (103) by front truss (1021), rear truss (1022) and linear bearing support
(1023) form.
4. a kind of battery box for electric passenger car fastening system according to claim 3 is it is characterised in that described linear bearing props up
Support (1023) is the steel bar with certain radian of an excision forming.
5. a kind of battery box for electric passenger car fastening system according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described line slideway
(104) screw counter bore (1024) passing through on guide rail is fixed on battery case outer container girder steel, and described linear bearing (103) is attached most importance to
Load bearing.
6. a kind of battery box for electric passenger car fastening system according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that the support of bearing (105)
Base be fastened on linear bearing (103), linear bearing support (1023) pass through screwed hole be fastened on the support of bearing (105) company
On the reinforcement (1052) of bar ear disk (1051).
7. a kind of battery box for electric passenger car fastening system according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described wedge shape closing piece
(109) there are three work surfaces corresponding with the wedge shape locked groove of case in battery, including realizing casing planar effectively fixed
Position the first acting surface (1091), realize casing effective positioning planar the second acting surface (1092) and can be real
Now the 3rd acting surface (1093) of effective positioning in vertical direction.
8. a kind of battery box for electric passenger car fastening system according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described battery case outer container
Lock (201) includes spring handle (2011), lock housing (2012), lock main body (2013), lock slide block (2014), slides
Axle (2015) and lock sliding pin (2016).
9. a kind of battery box for electric passenger car fastening system according to claim 8 is it is characterised in that described lock sliding pin
(2016) have skewed slot (2017) above, the pin (2018) being fixedly installed in lock slide block (2014) is arranged in described skewed slot
(2017) in.
10. a kind of battery box for electric passenger car fastening system according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that be installed on battery
The spring bolt mechanism (202) of case, including dead bolt (2021), dead bolt litter (2022), dead bolt supports (2023), dead bolt protecgulum
(2024), dead bolt bonnet (2025) and manually opened handle (2026).
Priority Applications (1)
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CN201210423097.8A CN103786562B (en) | 2012-10-30 | 2012-10-30 | Locking system of battery box of electric passenger vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN201210423097.8A CN103786562B (en) | 2012-10-30 | 2012-10-30 | Locking system of battery box of electric passenger vehicle |
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CN103786562A CN103786562A (en) | 2014-05-14 |
CN103786562B true CN103786562B (en) | 2017-02-15 |
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Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN104442336B (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2017-05-10 | 山东鲁能智能技术有限公司 | Unlocking mechanism of battery box of electric vehicle |
CN107499108A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2017-12-22 | 遵义西南机械设备有限责任公司 | A kind of two level anti-drop device for battery case |
CN109987066B (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2022-06-03 | 上海电巴新能源科技有限公司 | Battery box unlocking device, battery box and battery box quick battery changing system |
CN108425924A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-08-21 | 深圳市原速光电科技有限公司 | A kind of locking device and a kind of vacuum equipment |
CN109177711B (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2023-10-27 | 江西博能上饶客车有限公司 | Electric motor coach battery fixed knot constructs |
CN112706599B (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2022-07-29 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Mounting device for quick-change battery, battery changing system and vehicle |
WO2021128826A1 (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2021-07-01 | 上海玖行能源科技有限公司 | Battery-replaceable load-bearing motion apparatus |
CN111203529B (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2021-10-01 | 合肥工业大学 | Baking machine |
CN113400915B (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2024-06-18 | 奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司 | Locking device, bracket assembly, electric automobile and battery box locking method |
CN111844136B (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2021-11-02 | 广东博智林机器人有限公司 | Comprehensive test board |
CN114537122B (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2022-06-28 | 中国重汽集团济南动力有限公司 | Battery locking device, lower battery replacement electric truck and battery replacement method |
CN116810826B (en) * | 2023-08-31 | 2023-11-14 | 北京玖行智研交通科技有限公司 | New energy vehicle trades motor ware people |
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CN201466073U (en) * | 2009-05-20 | 2010-05-12 | 安志远 | Electric vehicle double-slideway battery box |
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