CN103783262A - Method for preparing safe and green natural forage material in culture industry - Google Patents
Method for preparing safe and green natural forage material in culture industry Download PDFInfo
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- CN103783262A CN103783262A CN201310669370.XA CN201310669370A CN103783262A CN 103783262 A CN103783262 A CN 103783262A CN 201310669370 A CN201310669370 A CN 201310669370A CN 103783262 A CN103783262 A CN 103783262A
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Abstract
The invention particularly discloses a method for preparing a safe and green natural forage material BY-II in a culture industry. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: depolymerizing and purifying drug-free high-speed liquid flow; and gathering substances containing a plurality of living nutrient microelements, and extracting and purifying. The invention also discloses a technique and a flow for preparing the forage material BY-II, and application thereof in the culture industry. By application to culture of livestock and poultry of pigs, cattle, sheep, chicken and the like, the biological functions of a plurality of nutrient microelements and structures, necessary for human and animals, contained in the forage material BY-II are achieved, and ideal effects of improving the quality of meat, eggs and milk and improving the yield are obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to one and can be widely used in aquaculture industry, and there is the feeding BY-II of safety, the green natural shaped material (being called for short feeding BY-II shaped material) of comprehensive function function.
Background technology
1, conventional feed and modern biological feedstuff
1) feed and feed industry and aquaculture
Feed is the food of animal, is the material base of livestock breeding industry.Every can be by feed intake, can offer again the material of animal certain and multiple nutrients, be feed.In a broad sense, tool is strengthened some non-nutritious matter of feeding effect, as various additives, also divides now the row of " feed " into.Along with the industrialization of Feed Manufacturing and improving constantly of up-to-dateness, feed industry, as an emerging industry, has become one of pillar industry of China's aquaculture.The development of aquaculture and feed industry with deeply, research widely, take animal nutrition as basis, the subject-feed that has produced an independence, system is learned.
The feed concept of modern farming, with animal nutrition conceptual dependency connection, has any different again.The former, comprise that feed learns the nutritive value of illustrated animal feed, and how meet rationally, efficiently Animal nutrition needs, performance animal largest production potentiality with suitable feed; The latter's final purpose is to illustrate the needed nutriment of animal and definite requirement thereof.
Feed and forage science have critical role in animal produces.In developed country, aquaculture proportion in agricultural incomes often exceedes 1/3, some herding Industrial Area, especially leading industrys.And in cultivation operating cost, feed cost accounts for again the ratio maximum of aquaculture cost, from general 70% left and right of 50%-80%(), and the development of modern feed industry is take forage science as most important theories and technical support.
2) modern biological feedstuff
Along with genetic engineering (DNA recombinant technique), enzyme engineering, Fermentation Engineering (microbial project), cell engineering and protein engineering progressively incorporate animal feed science and animal nutrition, mutually intersect, permeate, form brand-new subdiscipline-feed biotechnology, take feed and feed addictive as object, use principle and the technological means such as biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, the subdiscipline of efficient utilization, novel fodder additive and manufacturing technology thereof, biological function and the mechanism of action thereof of research and development novel fodder resource, feed.The object of feed biotechnology is the absorption that improves feed, and the production capacity of utilization and transformation efficiency and animal, improves nutrition and the health of animal, alleviates the environmental pollution that aquaculture causes, finally for the mankind provide the animal products that has more nutrition and high-quality.
Application and the technicalization of modern feed biotechnology, produced " biological feedstuff "." biological feedstuff " accurately strictly should be called " bioactive feed ", be called for short " biological feedstuff " (biological-feed, BF), the essence of BF is to utilize some special beneficial functions microorganism, according to certain bio-fermentation process flow process, by feed (single or mixed feed) and auxiliary material mixed culture fermentation, and through after be processed into a certain feed shape (pulvis, particle, half wet osculant, fluid etc.) containing the probio living and the feed of metabolin (bioactivator) thereof.The microorganism that its intension is (1) biological feedstuff must be known effective efficiency microorganism, and meets national microorganism fodder relevant regulations; (2) single or mixed feed ferments through anaerobism, any form aerobic or anaerobism and aerobic combination; (3) after fermentation, feed becomes certain feed shape through processing and manufacturing, i.e. pulvis, particle, half wet semi-dried product or liquid etc.; (4) contain beneficial microbe alive and metabolite, comprise one or several in volatile fatty acid, vitamin (particularly B family vitamin), amino acid, biology enzyme (digestive ferment and other enzymes), antibacterial substance (as bacteriocin); (5) Modern Characteristic of bioactive feed is different from conventional feed, as acidity increases, and composition difference, smell other style etc.
Feed has five kinds of substitute technologies, is respectively powder, particulate material, puffing material, fermented feed (or biological feedstuff) and sense organ feed.BF is a kind of novel fodder of biotechnology, be adapt to modern humans food safety production required the 4th generation feed technology.
2, conventional feed additive and modern biology feed additive
1) conventional feed additive
The definition of " the feed industry generic term " issued according to State Bureau of Technical Supervision, feed addictive is " in order to meet special requirement; improve efficiency of feed utilization, assurance or improve feed quality, meet Animal nutrition demand, promote growth, ensure healthy etc. and add a small amount of or micronutrient or the non-nutritive substance in feed ".
Trace uses and energy etc. is not provided is its principal character.But feed addictive balance and improve the nutritional labeling in feed effectively, improves efficiency of feed utilization, prevents and treats common disease, promote that animal health grows, improve appetite, reduce and alleviate the toxicity of some raw materials, improve animal product quality, improve the material of environmental aspect.Thereby feed addictive is the nucleus of feed, it is the embodiment of feeding quality and level.
2) conventional feed additive classification
Press Main Function function difference, conventional feed additive is generally classified as follows:
(1) nutritional feed additive:
Vitamin, trace element, amino acid, nonprotein nitrogen, ester class additive etc.
(2) non-nutritional feed additive:
● growth promoter is as antimicrobial growth promoter, enzyme preparation, probiotics etc.;
● vermifuge, as anticoccidiosis medicine, pest repellant;
● feed quality modifying agent, as flavouring agent, colouring agent, adhesive, anti-caking agent;
● feed preservation agent, as anticorrisive agent, antioxidant, additives for ensiling;
● Chinese herb feed additive;
● other additives.
2) conventional feed Development of Additives trend
Important along with the raising of environmental consciousness and Sustainable Socioeconomic Development, and consumers in general are to healthy pursuit, research and development and production are green, safe feed additive is more aobvious important, after the feed addictive that particularly some negative interactions such as antibiotic are larger is progressively eliminated, the R&D and production of new generation product, green, safety will be its obvious feature and basic demand, fully demonstrate the reasonable utilization of resource, environmentally friendly, do not constitute a threat to human health, do not have the toxic and side effects such as residues of pesticides.
China will be feed addictive consumption market the biggest in the world.Following development trend is:
● the R&D and production of safety, green feed additive, will become the focus and emphasis of the sector development;
● the research and development of the technology content of raising product, the research and development, particularly biological technology products of attention new product;
● to scale, specialization, seriation, high efficiency, functionalization future development;
● the handled easily of traceization and suitable premix;
● emphasize economy.
3) modern biology feed additive
Feed biotechnology mainly concentrates on biological processing, the novel fodder development of resources of feed addictive (functional microorganism preparation, fodder enzyme preparation, immunomodulator, growth conditioning agent etc.), the improvement of animal product quality at present, wherein, the most active rapid with development with bioactivity feed additive, mainly concentrate on: (1) research novel green feed addictive technique, parameter and manufacturing technology and the regulation and control to Nutrition and Metabolism and immunologic function and mechanism; (2) research is cultivated novel microorganism fodder resource and stalk processing, feed biological processing, eliminates feed ANFs, is improved feed physicochemical property and nutritive value etc.; (3) research green additive is to antibiotic substitute technology and the control to animal production safety and quality; (4) research active material (as peptide class, glycopeptide) is on affecting key enzyme and the regulation and control of key gene etc. of main qualitative factor (fat, muscle etc.) of animal products.
3, antibiotic function and abuse harm
Antibiotic is the non-nutritive additive of tool growth-promoting effect, since nineteen twenty-eight penicillin invention, has become the medicine that the mankind highly rely on.Antibiotic for animals is also used widely in aquaculture, is bringing into play (1) disease preventing and treating, promotes animal health growth; (2) improve efficiency of feed utilization; (3) alleviate Animal stress reaction, improve rate of fertilization and breeding potential, change pigment deposition and improve lean meat percentage etc.
But overtime, excess, do not suit the medicine to the illness to use and do not strictly regulate and use antibiotic abuse, bring (1) animal products residual serious to aquaculture, except heating can not reduce the problem of catabolite toxicity strengthening, excrete after stain environment, and animal generation drug resistance etc., become systemic problem; (2) drug resistance of industry pathogenic microorganism, and produce cross resistance between different antibiotic, and can be delivered to human body, produce drug resistance.Although to a certain extent, this transmission is low frequency and unsettled, and the drug resistance of acquired abuse and systemic problem is inevitable; (3) destroy microecological balance in animal body.Unbalance general layout may cause some hypovitaminosis of animal, maybe may make non-sensitive flora and fungi amount reproduction, causes the obstacle of digesting and assimilating so that secondary infection; (4) overtime, a large amount of abuses of antibiotics, have destroyed animal's antibody and have caused autoimmunity to decline, and also may make animal produce gene mutation, the very serious consequences such as deformity, canceration.
Abuse of antibiotics and the drug resistance producing and the pollution of transmitting environment, be the general fact of knowing of China public, antibiotic abuse for animals in aquaculture, and its harm is also not less than medical treatment abuse.According to data, in annual 210000 tons of producing of China 9.7 ten thousand tons for livestock and poultry cultivation, human body is by animal food, passive receive harm.
The contained zinc of BY-II type, copper, the inhibition of iodine plasma to specificity microorganism, killing action, with and the nutrition significance of the many animals essential trace element that is rich in, there is the function of alternative or part substitute antibiotics, and promote livestock birds health fertility and press down sick sterilizing, and prevent the negative effects such as drug resistance that livestock and poultry and products thereof produce.
Since on April 18th, 2011, the Ministry of Public Health put into effect " national antibacterials clinical practice special topic regulation activity scheme in 2011 ", antibiotic regulation storm the tightest in history is sweeping over the country, it should be noted that antibiotic abuse for animals is just becoming a uncared-for field of possibility.Antibiotic in cultivation, once sick, doctor is unable to estimate drug resistance, brings difficulty to diagnosis.Although Chinese Government forbids people to be added in feed with the former powder of antibiotic medicine, in vast rural area, supervise very difficult.Within 2000, European Union's regulation only has 4 kinds of antibiotic to be allowed to as growth promoter: salinomycin sodium, avilamycin, flavomycoin and rumensin.
In breeding process, add antibiotic and become custom, excessive use also makes animal produce drug resistance.The sixties in last century penicillin, pig needs 400,000 units (pharmaceutical units), is also difficult to produce effect but spray now 100-200 ten thousand units.And because antibiotic residue in food pork pig body exceeds standard, and be rejected be open to the custom account for 20%.Fortunately, agricultural sector " antibiotic is added in complete prohibition in feed ", among implementing, it seems at present, still needs a long process.
4, feed and nutrient, trace nutrient and molecular nutrition are learned
The material base of aquaculture is feed, and for the animal products of production safe and high quality provides nutrition, and along with people need Animal nutrition and that feed nutritive value is studied is day by day deep, feed addictive is subject to highly extensively paying attention to.Nutritional feed additive plays balance and supplements zootrophic function, non-nutritional feed additive is in mixed feed processing, storage, and the key effect that mixed feed is guaranteed by taking in the links of feed intake, digestion, metabolism and production product and promotion nutrients mass-energy is used effectively.But no matter feed, or feed addictive are all the nutrients of animal growth and production high-quality livestock products.
Under molecular biology promotes, what nutrient was faced now is the correlation between nutrient and gene, and rule and mechanism that body health is affected, and proposes accordingly promotion health and the measure of control nutrition-associated diseases.First it emphasize: the regulating and controlling effect of (1) Gene Expression by Nutrients; (2) nutrient is to genome structure and stability influence; (3) impact (Nutrigenomics) that nutrient produces health; Secondly, emphasize the decisive action of inherent cause to nutrient digestion, absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion and physiological function.On this basis, rule and the mechanism of two-way interaction to health effect, thereby for different genes type or variation or for the specific regulating effect of Gene Expression by Nutrients, make nutrient and requirement, supply standard and dietary guidelines, or special diet balancing programme, for promotion health, prevention and control nutrition-associated diseases with congenital metabolic disease provides truly, reliable scientific basis.This is to be derived from preventive medicine " Nutrition and Food Hygiene ", the concept of " animal molecular nutrition " in molecular biology aspect.In this field, trace element is important nutrient.
Imbalance by trace element and the micronutrient that forms of vitamin at human body, with numerous disease contact together with.Some trace nutrients lack, as iodine deficiency, asiderosis and VAD have been listed global trace nutrient control action in, along with accumulation and the adjustment of socio-economic development and health resources, more trace nutrient control plans will be implemented in developed country and part developing country.The mankind take All-round intervention strategy to correct or prevention trace nutrient and unbalance by the Public Health Practice that is long-term a, remarkable benefit.Another trend can not be ignored is: along with the raising of people's living standard and the pursuit to quality of life, trace nutrient lacks and the superfluous important health of the people's common concern outside medical circle and the serious environmental problem of also becoming.
Just as the mankind to biological phenomena and essential understanding, experience that deep process is the same gradually to such one of organ, histocyte, subcellular structure and molecular level by integral level, having there is great change in the animal nutrition research center of gravity take feed as material base, from feed, the impact of integral animal performance is transferred to the impact of nutriment on particular organization and organ.Therefore, what the emphasis of current research was more focused on is is not singly result to mechanism, and the degree of depth of research is deeply to cell and composition.To nutrition application itself be also continuous evolution, it should be noted that in feeding system the energy in feed with protein level with Animal needs most and react to connect.
Molecular biological fast development and the great achievement obtaining have given animal nutrition strong promotion, how set forth nutrient and gene interacts, cause the area research such as disease generation, development relevant to nutrition and the progress of practice, become molecular nutrition and learn the background that this frontier branch of science produces, its basis is the combination of modern molecular biology principle and technology.Therefore, (1) and trophic structure and relevant DNA and chromosome structure thereof; (2) process of gene expression and product thereof (mRNA, protein); (3) dietary factors other non-nutrients such as () nutrient, phytochemicals and meals form; (4) content such as health and whole life process of body becomes object and the emphasis of molecular nutrition research.Particularly generation, the development of discovered in recent years life early nutrition to manhood chronic disease can produce material impact, and therefore, life early nutrition state becomes the focus of Recent study.So molecular nutrition is learned the development process tool epoch-making significance for nutrition.
Molecular nutrition is learned starting abroad, and early, nineteen ninety is taken the lead by American scientist, and tens big country scientist associatings, have started the Human Genome Project in the world.June 26 in 2000, American and Britain, Chinese Home head combine the declaration to the world, have completed whole examining orders of human genome, exploring in the process of mankind itself's secret, have milestone significance, and have promoted the fast development of life science every field.After 2011, just Important Academic periodical is frequently existing abroad for Nutrigenomics (nutrigeuomics).Nanry Fogg-doctor Johnson of the U.S. is firm to be thought: " if the developing direction in nutrition future is summarized as in short; that is exactly Nutrigenomics; be the next tide of Nutritional studies, and the research in this field will make the understanding generation revolutionary variation of ordinary people to nutrition and meals ".
Summary of the invention
In order to address the above problem, the object of the invention is to propose the preparation method of aquaculture industry safety, the feeding BY-II of green natural shaped material.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme that the present invention adopts is as follows:
The preparation method of a kind of aquaculture industry safety, the feeding BY-II of green natural shaped material, it is characterized in that: the method comprises without medicament high velocity liquid and flowing, the material of depolymerization purification, the contained multiple life nutritional trace element of enrichment extracts, purifying, prepare feeding BY-II shaped material technical matters and flow process, and application in aquaculture.
Further, the method also comprises without medicament beneficiation technologies technique.
Further, the depolymerization dispersion of the method and the simultaneous techniques technological process of separating-purifying.
Further, this material can be applicable in pig, ox, sheep, chicken cultivation.
Patent of the present invention relates to the preparation and application of safe, the green feeding BY-II shaped material of the multiple essential nutritional trace element of a kind of human and animal of being rich in, for the growth of child care livestock birds health, meet the important need of consumers in general to high-quality " meat, egg, milk ", control modern environment nutritional trace element lacks " recessive hungry " the class public health problem producing, and material and technical support are provided.
The preparation of feeding BY-II shaped material, take full advantage of the natural endowment feature of raw material sepiolite class palygorskite high degree of dispersion in aqueous medium of this material, according to liquid flow field theory, employing aqueous fluid is medium, do not add any ore dressing medicine, synchronously complete the technological process (aqueous medium reusable edible) of depolymerization and purification, realized this material take iodine, selenium, zinc, iron as representing purification, enrichment and the structure of matter purifying of the essential life nutritional trace element (needed by human life nutritional trace element is as 14 kinds) of 13 kinds of humans and animals.
By the application at livestock and poultry cultivations such as pig, ox, sheep, chickens, bring into play the biological physiology function of the essential multiple nutrients trace element of feeding BY-II humans and animals that shaped material is rich in and structure, obtain lifting " meat, egg, milk " quality, improved the ideal effect of output.
(1) 1-dimention nano particle matter based on BY-II shaped material; (2) nano-scale layers, chain crystal structure and hole passage microtexture; (3) " three the is micro-" feature forming containing the characteristic of 13 kinds of human body and the required 14 kinds of life trace elements of animal body, learns and micro-element nutrition element field at molecular nutrition, has the application prospect in molecular biology aspect.
Safety and the green of the application of BY-II type are its important advantages, and being shown in its raw material is the flow process without any additive and cleaner production of the friendly mineral of natural surroundings, enrichment, purification technique technique.Copper, zinc and iodide ion in trace element has the characteristic of miscellaneous bacteria, anti-mildew change, and has the function of part substitute antibiotics.
The specific embodiment
Describe the present invention in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation method, be used for explaining the present invention in exemplary embodiment and description of the present invention, but not as a limitation of the invention.
embodiment 1:
This example discloses
1, technology of preparing and the technique of feeding BY-II shaped material
1) technology of preparing
Based on principles of hydrodynamics without medicament high velocity liquid stream purify, beneficiation technologies;
2) technological process
Pulverizing → separating-purifying → enrichment → dry → powder.
2, the multi-field application of BY-II shaped material in aquaculture
1) as the application of mineral feed;
2) as the application of feed addictive;
(1) nutritional feed additive;
(2) non-nutritional feed additive;
3) the partly or entirely application of substitute antibiotics
4) other functional application
(1) biological substance carrier structure material;
(2) sustained-release non-protein nitrogen functional auxiliary materials;
(3) prevention milk cow retention of afterbirth functional material.
Innovative point
Prepare without the depolymerization of medicament high velocity liquid stream and purification technique that Biofunctional is high-purity, micro/nano level BY-II shaped material powder.Wherein, tool meaning be that the contained micronutrient element of BY-II shaped material obtains enrichment, micro-nano particle matter and microtexture thereof obtain purifying, in the every field of aquaculture and the effect of molecular biology aspect performance biological physiology.Extensive use.
Embodiment
1, based on principles of hydrodynamics without medicament high speed liquid flow method, through purifying, and the technical matters of enrichment multiple nutrients trace element and purifying substance and structure is prepared high-purity, the micro-nano BY-II shaped material powder of tool biological physiology function.
The object of this technology is the BY-II shaped material nanometer-submicron powder of purifying from raw material mineral, and wherein 13 kinds and purifying nanoparticle material and microtexture of 14 kinds of contained humans and animals body essential trace elements take iodine, selenium, zinc, iron as representative of enrichment.
Natural nano-mineral conventionally mutually adsorbs or inlays, and is condensate state output, is also mixed with varying number impurity, thereby the excellent usefulness of mineral material cannot be brought into play.Thereby, the vital task of this project be adopt innovation without the technique preparation of medicament high speed flow technique and purification, enrichment and purifying take high-purity, micro-or nano size as characterizing and the BY-II shaped material of biological physiology function.
1) purification and beneficiation technologies technique basis
Natural nonmetal nano-mineral including BY-II shaped material raw material, although there is nanoparticle material property, due to its surperficial interfacial effect, conventionally mutually adsorbed close and inlaying, is condensate output, and the nano particle size effect of mineral cannot be brought into play.Thereby, need to adopt Depolymerization Technique, break the polymerization between mineral, make it to form the nanometer-sub-micron monomer disperseing.
The stabilisation of separating-purifying and beneficiation technologies and technique, the optimization of flow process is the guaranteed conditions of supporting laminar nano BY-II type biological synthesis performance and realizing industrialization.
The mixed impurity that has chlorite, illite, feldspar and carbonate etc. of BY-II shaped material raw material, use as industrial materials, granularity is also even not, therefore must be by the Separation & Purification technology in integrated modern times, remove impurity, make BY-II shaped material raw material obtain purifying, synchronously realize the enrichment to nutrient.
2) high velocity liquid stream technical matters
With regard to high velocity stream energy method, liquid stream is pulverized has the fineness higher than air-flow crushing, is difficult to the micro-nano Cucumber of realization for the air-flow crushing field of force, during take liquid mobilization force as the pulverizing field of force, likely realizes micro-nanoization.In addition, take liquid mobilization force as pulverizing in the process in the field of force, can avoid static, spark and local excess Temperature, thereby crushing process is comparatively safe.
This project makes full use of the natural endowment feature of BY-II shaped material high degree of dispersion in aqueous medium, adopts aqueous fluid medium, adds without medicament, and afflux journey reasonability, non-secondary pollution feature, in one, embody technical advance and novelty.
The raw material of BY-II shaped material is the natural nonmetal silicates mineral of sepiolite class of marine facies (semiclosed salty lake) deposition, is polar substances, and hydration swelling occurs in water suction, enters the rear diffuse double layer that forms in water, further expands, and makes mineral volume increase 2-5 doubly.Hydration weakens and has destroyed intergranular connection, make particle along existing combination vulnerable area (as set face and the mineral disaggregation face etc. of uncracked bedding, schistosity, wall reason, mineral grain), form new crack, make Particle Breakage, reduce the mechanical strength of particle.The crack of this particle generates or aggravation is mainly the result of water wedging, pulverizes and has reduced energy consumption for further liquid stream.Aquation power is mainly surface hydration energy, and the energy that adsorption hydrone is emitted comprises the energy that adsorbed water molecule and compensating cation adsorbed water molecule are emitted.Document shows, the expanding volume that surface water agent causes is 75%-100%, and the bulbs of pressure refer to keep meeting the water required external pressure that do not expand in tens atmospheric pressure to the 4000atm(bulbs of pressure).Huge surface hydration energy and the bulbs of pressure show, the wettability (polarity) that BY-II type is good is given full play to the hydration of fluid media (medium).In addition, between BY-II type crystal layer, only there is weak Van der Waals force, the indefinite aquation energy with these mineral that contend with, therefore, can there is aquation in BY-II type crystal layer and outer surface.BY-II type water suction is easily expanded, under fluid media (medium) legibility from.The aquation of compensating cation can (larger, hydroexpansivity is stronger), diffuse double layer thickness (diffuse double layer is thicker, hydration swelling is stronger), (pH value is higher, and surface potential is larger, and hydration swelling strengthens for the salt content of fluid media (medium) pH value; Salt content is large, and hydration weakens), these factors also affect aquation dissociation.The high pH value of the hydrophily of BY-II type, high aquation energy, weak interlayer power and 7.8-9.3, makes its high degree of dispersion in fluid media (medium), is the natural endowment feature and basis of being convenient to depolymerization and purification.
Aqueous medium has good wellability to BY-II type (polar substances), can greatly reduce particle surface energy, reduce the required stress that ruptures, and the process rupturing from particle, according to the condition of Crack Extension, liquid medium Molecular Adsorption is at fresh surface, can reduce the required outer gravitation of Crack Extension, prevent the again closed of newborn crackle, promote Crack Extension, reach the depolymerization in liquid medium, the object of dispersion.
Liquid flow medium selects ordinary tap water to recycle.In depolymerization dispersion and purification process, do not add chemical flotation agent, do not cause secondary chemical contamination, cost economy.
Use liquid stream pulverizer to carry out depolymerization.Liquid stream pulverizer mainly contains target plate formula and collision type liquid stream pulverizer.Wherein, target plate formula is carried material take high velocity liquid stream as medium, bumps against with the fixing target plate arranging, and material and target plate are in high velocity impact, shock, and the high-speed functions of liquid stream finally changes the crushing energy of material into, makes material fragmentation.Collision type liquid stream pulverizer is also take liquid stream as medium, carry material by two strands with multiply high velocity liquid stream collision mutually occurs in specific crushing chamber (chamber), high-speed functions is changed into the thermodynamic energy (crushing energy) of material, when solid particle interior can be elevated to while being greater than the required crushing energy of this material, the material particles being mixed in high velocity liquid stream is broken into subparticle.This project adopts target plate formula liquid stream disintegrating apparatus, and this equipment is relatively simple and direct, needs governing factor few.The technical matters parameter that uses liquid stream pulverizer to carry out depolymerization dispersion is mainly the slurry concentration control after depolymerization, high miniaturization, the too low irrationality that has energy loss of being difficult for of concentration.
Purify and realized by screw propulsion centrifuge.The operation principle of this device is: in screw rod propelled at high velocity process, utilize the Action of Gravity Field of material particles size, spiral separates the material of different-grain diameter, the slurry concentration of controlling depolymerization, front end can obtain from the subparticle of the different-grain diameter of < 100nm-< 10 μ m.The rotating speed general control that this section of operation major technique technological parameter is screw centrifuge is at 1500r/min-2500r/min.
Waste residue after purification miniaturization, can be processed as agricultural siliceous fertilizer and industrial circle product white carbon, realizes utilization of waste as resource.
The stream of the high velocity liquid without medicament legal system based on principles of hydrodynamics is for BY-II type powder, integrated BY-II type mineral liquid stream crushing technology, environmental friendliness (aqueous medium use, without medicament, non-exhaust emission) technique, has embodied the novelty of integrated technology ecology.
Application foundation
1, the feeding mechanism of BY-II shaped material
BY-II shaped material is the abbreviation of the feeding material of BY-II type natural biological engineering, take sepiolite class palygorskite as raw material.Palygorskite ore deposit formal name used at school is called moisture magnesia silicate, has layer, chain structure, i.e. two-layer silicon-oxy tetrahedron folder one deck magnesium (aluminium) octahedron, and it is bar-shaped, fibrous that crystal is.Idealized studying is divided into: SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, MgO, CaO, K2O, Na2O, P2O5, for the mesoporous nonmetallic mineral of nanoscale, there is the performance such as strong adsorptivity, ion exchangeable, slow release and rheological characteristic and the easy tonality of soda acid, and be rich in 14 kinds of essential life micronutrient elements of human body and animal 13 kinds, and the structure of matter characteristic of nanoscale microtexture.Its biological engineering material feature shows the make a living function of active substances carrier and the biological physiology effect of being rich in micro-biological element.Palygorskite is rich in mineral resources in Gansu, and reserves are huge, is Gansu characteristic advantage nonmetal mineral resource, one of rare precious mineral in the Ye Shi world.
Modern nutriology shows, animal husbandry produce in the trophism of trace element seem more and more important, as iodine, selenium, zinc etc. are directly connected to animal physiological, growth and production.Studies have shown that, iodine, selenium, zinc not only affect livestock and poultry production performance, and the contents level of iodine, selenium, zinc in its product of direct relation.Iodine is to form thyroxinic main component, in feed, when iodine deficiency, can affect thyroxine and form, and causes internal metabolism disorder, and basic metabolism reduces, and the Monitoring Ovarian Function of pig is suppressed, and fertility weakens; Selenium can promote effective utilization of protein in daily ration, carbohydrate and fat, can strengthen copingability and the resistance of organism to disease with VE acting in conjunction, while lacking selenium in daily ration, domestic animal shows as muscle nutrition sexual dysfunction, when serious, cause white muscle disease, in heart failure and paralysis, so that walk lamely, the power of even can not standing, wave at hollow back or back.The symptoms such as milk cow retention of afterbirth in postpartum, the selenium that supplements 0.1 milligram in per kilogram daily ration just can prevent this type of illness; Have been found that nearly 300 kinds of enzymes are relevant with zinc, in the six large enzymes that enzyme NK of international biochemical society specifies, all has a kind of zinc enzyme at least, zinc is generally acknowledged in catalysis, structure and the regulating action of enzyme, zinc has direct relation, zinc or the requisite element of immunocyte metabolism with sugar, fat, the metabolism of protein three major nutrient.Research datas show in a large number, and iodine, selenium, zinc etc. play an important role for the metabolism in human body and immunity reflection, directly affect health.Iodine insufficiency of intake, affects the growth of thyroid gland formation and children's intelligence, brings out the various diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, thyroid gland enlargement, coronary heart disease and gastric ulcer when serious; Selenium has inhibitory action to noxious material element arsenic, mercury, lead in human body, can effectively reduce toxin, when selenium famine, easily brings out human body gram hernia disease and other functional deficiency diseases; Zinc is grown up at Juvenile development, middle-aged and old health care is also very important.Therefore, high iodine, high selenium, the rich zinc animal products of the strengthening of research and development biological nutrition, be not only conducive to the healthy of people, and iodine, selenium, the sick tool of zinc deficiency are had health care, preventive role.
The physical property of BY-II shaped material and characteristic, especially trace element and Structural Tectonics, have nutriment and physiological function nutrition feature, possesses application prospect widely.
2, security
The feeding material feedstock of BY-II type is natural surroundings friendly materials, enrichment, optimisation technique technique empty, production and processing process is cleaner production, take full advantage of natural endowment feature and the comprehensive function of this material, especially utilize the sterilization of its contained Cu+2, Zn, I, the anti-effect of going mouldy, can use by part substitute antibiotics tool safety, green advantage.
3, invention process
BY-II shaped material is developed by Gansu Lv Yuan ecological environment Engineering Co., Ltd, and cooperates with relevant departments and relevant expert, on the exploitation of process more than ten years and the basis that its characteristic is fully studied, and the feeding material of natural minerals of initiative.Applied after livestock breeding industry, aspect the quality of livestock and poultry production performance and product, produced obvious effect.
4, this product is the civilian single feed catalogue of the Ministry of Agriculture 977 (2008) approval application product.
Application example and effect
1, be applied to pig cultivation
Feeding BY-II type biological engineering material is remarkably productive to pork pig production performance and meat quality.This test is added various dose BY-II shaped material fattening in pork pig feed, aim is to produce and is rich in the trace elements such as high iodine, high selenium, Fu Xin, there are unique nutritive value and natural flavour mountaineous high quality pork goods, to solve iodine, selenium, ZD problem, for Development and Production provides scientific basis, its market prospects are good, remarkable in economical benefits, social benefit are remarkable.
BY-II shaped material shows through the pork pig result of feeding, and pork pig average daily gain has improved 62.41g compared with control group; Slaughter determining, lean meat percentage has improved 3.3% compared with control group; Add after BY-II shaped material, effectively improved pork pig efficiency of feed utilization, add 1% and 4%BY-II shaped material in daily ration, every weightening finish 1kg only needs feed 3.215kg and 3.13kg, saves feed 259g and 344g than not adding BY-II shaped material; In pork, the content of iodine, selenium, zinc increases substantially, through food quality supervision inspection point of Gansu Province, chemical examination is measured, in pork, the content of the trace element such as iodine, selenium, zinc, iron is significantly improved, and wherein, iodine, Se content have improved respectively 60.13% and 13.1% compared with control group; In livestock products, poisonous element declines to some extent, in pork, lead element has declined 66.7% compared with control group, mercury successively decreases with the increase of BY-II shaped material addition, arsenic content test group is identical with control group, cadmium content changes performance to plumbous similar, but all lower than noxious material limitation scope in national no public nuisance livestock meat product.The feeding material of BY-II shaped material speciality is safe and reliable, have no side effect; Due to the special structure of matter of BY-II shaped material and unique biological engineering material feature, the slow release having, strong adsorptivity, therefore, metabolism to pork pig has some improvement, can improve function of intestinal canal, treatment diarrhoea, improve immunity of organisms and resistance, be presented at and search for food competitive, spirit and have the aspects such as health status such as vigor.
2, be applied to beef cattle, mutton sheep cultivation
Beef cattle, mutton sheep cultivation are the key areas of animal husbandry, along with the raising of China's economic development, living standards of the people, dietary structure are to meat demand growth, the theory of healthy consumption becomes the fashion that people pursue day by day, thereby the market space and the development prospect of nuisanceless beef cattle, mutton sheep aquaculture are very wide.Consumers in general need safety, colory beef and mutton.Demand promotes development, and is the development of beef cattle, mutton sheep non-nuisance industry by the sustained-release non-protein nitrogen of BY-II shaped material processing, and safety, colory high trophism material are provided.
By application BY-II type sustained-release non-protein nitrogen, through the ruminant fed such as beef cattle, mutton sheep result of the test is shown: it not only has the effect that weightening finish is fattened function and improved nutrition, and improve the quality of beef, mutton.Beef cattle increased weight and improves 4.4kg and 13.8kg than control group within 62 days experimental periods; Mutton sheep weightening finish improves respectively 23.51g and 30.3g compared with control group daily gain, and has reduced feed consumption efficiency of feed utilization and provide iodine in 19.75%. beef, trace element selenium content to improve respectively 83.33%, 49.07%.Meanwhile, lead, mercury harmful element content in beef, mutton obviously reduce, and also do not detect other poisonous element.BY-II shaped material sustained-release non-protein nitrogen is ideal for the production of the effect of high-quality beef or mutton (high iodine, high selenium).
3, be applied to Cow-feeding and control milk cow retention of afterbirth
1) high-quality milk is produced
China's milk industry entry fast-developing period, 5,500,000 of national milk cow amount of livestock on hands, milk yield, by 4,650,000 tons in 1991, is increased to approximately 1,200 ten thousand tons in 2002, increases every year on average 10.01%, is the fastest industry of growth rate in livestock.According to the planning of the national Ministry of Agriculture, by 2015, milk total output reached 3,300 ten thousand tons, and occupancy volume per person rises to 23 kilograms by present 10.2 kilograms.And along with the continuous adjustment that improves diet structure of people's living standard, drink milk will become people's habits and customs.
The development space of dairy is wide, and with advanced international standard comparison, China milk industry is still in developing stage.No matter be per unit area yield, the quality of milk cow, the milk cow breeding rate from milk cow, standardized production, Mechanization Level, or scientific and technical innovation is promoted, disease prevention and cure, quality and safety control and detection architecture construction, industrialization is produced and resisted risk aspect still sizable gap.Therefore, China milk industry market potential is inestimable, and especially the market potential of high-quality milk is larger.There are 1,300,000,000 populations in China, is consumption market the biggest in the world, and still, China belongs to again the country of raw material milk and the low production of dairy products, low consumption.From the analysis of Ji Wei mechanism, developed country reaches 320 kgs/year per capita, 104 kgs/year per capita, the world, and China only has 10.2 kgs/year per capita, differs tens times with world standard, several times reciprocal of rank in various countries of the world.Since reform and opening-up, dairy industry in China development is rapid, with fastest developing speed in China's food industry, one of best industry of growing up that milk industry becomes.Insider generally believes, dairy industry in China, can be with annual 15% growth rate sustainable development in from now on 5 years.
The development of milk industry, will rely on feed system more and more, and the no matter safety of quality, output, especially dairy products all be unable to do without dairy products and produces feed system front end.The material of BY-II shaped material is constructed advantage and is rich in the feature of the multiple essential trace element of iodine, selenium, zinc representative, will meet ideally the needs of milk industry development.
According to interrelated data, the area of China 80% lacks the trace elements such as iodine, selenium, zinc, and the Huanghe valley is particularly serious.Some famine area, population quality is low, and dull-witted fou is general, greatly affects expanding economy and social progress.Since reform and opening-up, country strengthens the endemic dynamics of preventing and treating, and enriches the iodine and has entered the agenda of government work, add salt compounded of iodine and force to enrich the iodine, but iodizedsalt iodine in modulated process is heated and the loss of preservation process is very large, and the effect that enriches the iodine is not satisfactory.Therefore, research and develop high iodine, high selenium, high zinc dairy products, there is important function to having additional nutrients, prevent and treating trace element deficiency, to improving national and population quality meaning is particularly great, be " one glass milk strong a nationality ".
This project is applied to milk industry by the functions and benefits of BY-II shaped material and produces, and both can meet milk cow to micro-needs, can increase again the content of trace element in dairy products.Utilize the unique function of BY-II shaped material to produce the natural speciality fortified milk of high iodine, high selenium, rich zinc and the dairy products of unique high-quality taste flavor, can solve the problem of people to iodine, selenium deficiency.BY-II shaped material is in Contents in Cows, and the reactor by animal body as nutrient, is converted into by the inorganic elements being rich in BY-II shaped material the essential material of life that the easy utilization of high usage and high-absorbility absorbs, and tool security.
By Gansu Lv Yuan ecological environment Engineering Co., Ltd and Gansu Province's livestock technology Center for Popularization cooperation, BY-II type is applied to milk cow to be produced, through the experimental study of a year, obtain comparatively desirable effect, produced the livestock products with natural flavour mountaineous and unique nutritive value (being rich in iodine, selenium, zinc)---speciality milk.Livestock products production application scope and field are widened.
2) effect of raising milk crop
The application test result of BY-II shaped material in milk is produced shows: BY-II shaped material has certain facilitation to the volume increase of milk cow, and its output of milk average growth rate is 7.82-9.9%; Through food quality supervision inspection point of Gansu Province, to milk, chemical examination is measured, and the in the situation that in milk, other nutrition being constant, the content of iodine, selenium, zinc has increased respectively 30.69mg/kg, 10.55mg/kg, 0.78mg/kg compared with control group; Improve respectively 97%, 117.25%, 15.95%, all in the safe range of national pollution-free food production standard; In milk, lead element content has reduction (being generally 1-3 times) by a relatively large margin, and in milk, other poisonous element mercury also has certain amplitude to reduce (being generally 16.22%-35.147%); After Cow-feeding BY-II shaped material, find that through observing it is searched for food, drinking-water, ight soil are all very normal, hair color is luminous, and the state of mind is good.
The test of BY-II shaped material Cow-feeding, through the test analysis to conventional nutrition physical and chemical index in milk, in each group milk, water content and solid milk difference are not remarkable, and lactoprotein, butter oil, non-fat solid test in solid milk, each group all increases compared with control group.
3) to secreting the prevention of milk phase milk cow retention of afterbirth
In milk industry development process, one of important link is exactly the breeding of milk cow.Owing to being subject to unbalanced impact of individual difference and trophic structure and trace element, especially the disappearance of selenium element is with not enough, make the problem of ubiquity in cow reproduction process " retention of afterbirth ", will cause " retention of afterbirth " if deal with improperly, claim again retained afterbirth or placenta to stagnate, cow afterbirth in 12 hours postpartum is not discharged yet and is just belonged to " retention of afterbirth "." retention of afterbirth ", in cow reproduction process, directly affects the breeding potential of milk cow.In breeding cows, the incidence of disease is generally 10-20%, disease of digestive systems such as the anorexia that causes due to retention of afterbirth, hyperthermia, grainsick, and cause degradation obstetrics disease under the output of milk, and health on cows, breeding impact are greatly.All done many research both at home and abroad, at present, usual method has two kinds: the one, and in dairy cow diet, add selenite and VE, or milk cow is injected; The 2nd, in dairy cow diet, directly add the additive by VA, VE, selenium-containing compound assembly.Although both have certain effect improving aspect milk cow " retention of afterbirth ", inevitably exist financial cost high, complicated operation, is difficult to solve the problem such as chemical substance is residual.
And the present invention is by add natural B Y-II shaped material in dry milk phase dairy cow diet, improve in the experimental study of micronutrient levels, the output of milk and the milk qualities such as milk iodine, selenium, zinc, find that BY-II shaped material has good prevention effect to milk cow postpartum " retention of afterbirth ", therefore, utilize BY-II shaped material to be rich in the feature of selenium element, and the synergistic function of iodine to selenium, to its absorption in animal body, transform and the research effect of metabolic mechanism, and be that prevention milk cow postpartum " retention of afterbirth " provides a kind of safe new material, feasible new technology.Meanwhile, for improving every physical and chemical index of fresh milk, providing foundation for BY-II shaped material adds material as multifunctional feed.
Selenium is extensively present in nature and vegeto-animal histocyte, in selenium element and BY-II shaped material, the effect of selenium element in vital movement is the basic principle of prevention milk cow retention of afterbirth in postpartum, its function embodiment is in the following aspects: selenium is almost present in all immunocytes, mend selenium and can obviously improve immunity of organisms, in poor health, hypoimmunity is one of reason causing milk cow retention of afterbirth.Selenium is the necessary component of some antioxidases, and it is by eliminating MDA, the pathogenic effects of blocking-up peroxide and free radical and reach protection effect.The application of secreting milk phase milk cow retention of afterbirth in prevention by BY-II shaped material represents: in the antenatal 2 weeks blood plasma of milk cow of trouble retention of afterbirth, total antioxidation agent level will be lower than the normal milk cow without retention of afterbirth.Existing selenium in the mRNA translating phase of gene expression mixes, in this case, UGA password is not the termination signal as translation, but the code signal mixing as selenocystein, variation on the specific non-translated sequence recurring structure of this process need completes, and zoopery both at home and abroad shows: selenium all has inhibitory action in various degree to chemical carcinogenesis, the spontaneous cancer of animal and carcinoma transplanted; In dairy cow diet, mend selenium, can effectively prevent milk cow retention of afterbirth in postpartum, obviously improve its fertility, and have the effect of the variety deterioration of preventing.The cooperative effect of I to selenium element function, selenium is except iodine, thyroid function is had to the trace element of considerable influence.Selenium can strengthen the activity of de-iodine enzyme and promote the conversion of active hormones, thereby plays an important role in synthetic and metabolism at thyroid hormone.Iodine and selenium act synergistically on the tool that affects of thyroid function, can increase the weight of the damage of thyroid function in the time that both lack simultaneously.Otherwise the existence of I can be strengthened the function of selenium, BY-II shaped material is rich in selenium, is rich in iodine again.Selenium, iodine disappearance all can cause milk cow retention of afterbirth.
BY-II shaped material is rich in 13 kinds of trace elements with iodine, selenium, zinc representative, adds material and become a kind of speciality feed, and the effect of its prevention milk cow postpartum " retention of afterbirth ", is that other materials, material are irreplaceable.
Dry milk phase dairy cow diet adds BY-II shaped material prevention milk cow retention of afterbirth in postpartum is carried out to application test, and result proves: BY-II shaped material is to prevention dry milk phase milk cow retention of afterbirth in postpartum successful, and test statistics shows that effect can reach 100%.Test group milk cow afterbirth discharge rate in 12 hours postpartum is 80-100%, and automatic discharge rate exceeds 40% compared with control group ox, and control group retention of afterbirth rate is high, lasts long (exceeding 30 hours); Through analysis of experiments contrast, in the daily ration of feeding, add BY-II shaped material addition be controlled at 200 grams better to prevention milk cow retention of afterbirth effect than 100 grams of additions, tentatively determined that adding the products that 200 grams is optimum addition uses standard.
4, be applied to broiler chicken, breeding layer chicken
BY-II shaped material not only has the function of life active compound carrier, and is rich in take iodine, selenium, zinc as 13 kinds of required trace elements of the animal organisms of representative.Take it as primary raw material, the feeding material of natural mineral matter of development processing, belongs to environmental and ecological and raises and material.With 2% feeding material, throw and execute in feed, for the nursing of chicken, produce high iodine, high selenium, rich zinc and there is unique nutritive value and natural flavour mountaineous meat, laying hen product, improve the nutritive value of chicken, egg, develop environmental protective hygienic food.And obtain enhancing development, improve effect of efficiency of feed utilization.After testing, the content of iodine of egg is common egg 55 times, Se content is 2 times, zinc content has increased by 1.13 times, other indexs such as laying rate, survivability of chicks, feed saving rate are all improved largely.In chicken, the content of iodine, selenium is respectively 81 times of contrast, more than 2 times.In high iodine, high selenium egg, chicken, iodine, Se content are limit 93ppm and the security of 0.184mg/g tool lower than the height of national food hygienic standard regulation.Harmful element lead, mercury, chromium, all lower than control group, reach national publicly harmless animal product standard.
5, the production of sustained-release non-protein nitrogen and application
BY-II shaped material sustained-release non-protein nitrogen is a kind of alternative feed protein resource of plant animal protein.It utilizes the slow-release function of BY-II shaped material will have rationally assembly of zootrophic nonprotein nitrogen (NPN), the ruminant proteinaceous nutrient source developing take natural B Y-II shaped material as carrier.Not only NPN content is high for it, good feeding effect, also give full play to BY-II shaped material and be rich in 13 kinds of essential micro-metabolism of animal organisms that iodine, selenium, zinc are representative and Regulation Mechanism, to bringing into play to greatest extent the production performance of animal and ensureing that safety, the high-quality of animal food are significant.Therefore, concerning ruminant domestic animal, use it both to there is the function of alternative animal and plant protein feed, reduction feed cost, be improved again production performance and the effect of improving product quality.
In aquaculture, the quality of feeding quality is directly connected to performance and the product quality of production, and the quality of protein feeds is zootrophic key point.Ox, sheep ruminant domestic animal, in its cud, lodging a large amount of infusorians and bacterial micro-organism, these infusorians and bacterium living beings not only can decompose the various fodder grasses of digestion, synthetic protein, amino acid, vitamin etc., also can utilize the essential amino acid and the protein that in nonprotein nitrogen (NPN) synthetic diet, lack.Therefore produce and usually pass through to add nonprotein nitrogen (NPN), the specific function that makes full use of ox, sheep cud is carried out synthesising thalli protein matter, reaches the object that reduces feeding cost.Urea in NPN, nitrogen content is up to more than 46%, if the nitrogen in 1 kilogram of NPN, by rumen microorganism synthetic protein, is equivalent to the nitrogen content of 2.8 kilograms of albumen, 5 kilograms of fish meal and 7 kilograms of soya-bean cakes, so generally adopt in the world the NPN ruminant of feeding, to supplement the shortage of protein feeds.But in application, be subject to that NPN palatability is poor, the speed of liberating nitrogen is fast, utilization rate is low, storage is inconvenient, particularly easily cause the impact of the factor such as poisoning, and restricting the extensive use of nonprotein nitrogen in ruminant.
For solving this difficult problem, Gansu Lv Yuan ecological environment Engineering Co., Ltd, through years of researches, successfully develops ruminant protein feed resource---BY-II shaped material sustained-release non-protein nitrogen.After the technical finesses such as this feed link overactivation, strengthening slow-release function, under the dynamic (dynamical) mechanism of slowly-releasing, ruminant can effectively utilize this feed to synthesize required protein and vitamin.Simultaneously, because BY-II shaped material is rich in 13 kinds of trace elements take iodine, selenium, zinc as representative, the beef cattle of feeding, mutton sheep not only make its volume increase weightening finish, and have increased the content of the essential trace elements such as iodine, selenium, zinc, improve quality and the local flavor of meat, and production performance.
Solve in long-term puzzlement ox, the production of sheep aquaculture, directly used nonprotein nitrogen to supplement large technological difficulties of proteinaceous nutrient.For producing livestock products-speciality beef or mutton with natural flavour mountaineous and unique nutritive value (being rich in iodine, selenium, zinc), livestock products production range and field are widened, for consumers in general's health provides beef or mutton product and the beef and mutton goods of safety, fine quality.
The technical scheme above embodiment of the present invention being provided is described in detail, applied principle and the embodiment of specific case to the embodiment of the present invention herein and set forth, the explanation of above embodiment is only applicable to help to understand the principle of the embodiment of the present invention; , for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to the embodiment of the present invention, in the specific embodiment and range of application, all will change, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention meanwhile.
Claims (4)
1. the preparation method of an aquaculture industry safety, the feeding BY-II of green natural shaped material, it is characterized in that: the method comprises without medicament high velocity liquid and flowing, the material of depolymerization purification, the contained multiple life nutritional trace element of enrichment extracts, purifying, prepare feeding BY-II shaped material technical matters and flow process, and application in aquaculture.
2. according to the preparation method described in right 1, it is characterized in that: the method also comprises without medicament beneficiation technologies technique.
3. according to the preparation method described in right 1, it is characterized in that: the depolymerization dispersion of the method and the simultaneous techniques technological process of separating-purifying.
4. according to the preparation method described in right 1, it is characterized in that: this material can be applicable in pig, ox, sheep, chicken cultivation.
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