CN103778826B - A kind of voltage transformer (VT) simulation training system and method for work - Google Patents
A kind of voltage transformer (VT) simulation training system and method for work Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of voltage transformer (VT) simulation training system and method for work thereof, described system comprises teacher's machine with projector equipment, the student's machine communicated to connect with teacher's machine, described student's machine comprises slave computer and voltage transformer (VT) detection simulation platform, the simulator that described voltage transformer (VT) detection simulation platform comprises controller, each voltage transformer (VT) of being connected with controller is tested.Utilize native system, after teacher explains, voltage transformer (VT) experiment can be carried out to student and connect.Operating voltage of the present invention and electric current be far smaller than true environment voltage and current, can be implemented under safe operating voltage, electric current as the training of student's voltage transformer (VT) test provides reliable safety guarantee.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electric energy transformers, in particular to a voltage transformer simulation training system and a working method.
Background
At present, domestic electric energy metering and calibrating personnel have large mobility, slow knowledge updating, irregular professional knowledge and working level, few composite talents and few technical personnel for mastering the field calibration technology of the mutual inductor, so that the normal detection work is influenced.
In the training in the actual environment, because the electric energy metering equipment has high voltage and large current, potential safety hazards can be generated to people and equipment, and the training quality and efficiency are limited.
It would be advantageous to provide a voltage transformer training system that can operate at low voltage, low current conditions, and that fully simulates the function and appearance of real equipment, and that is also highly effective in providing safe operation for electric energy metrological verification personnel.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a voltage transformer simulation training system, which comprises an instructor machine and a plurality of student machines which are in communication connection with the instructor machine, wherein,
the instructor machine comprises an upper computer, projection equipment connected with the upper computer and a voltage transformer detection entity platform; the upper computer is used for controlling the communication of the whole system and realizing the functions of lower computer parameter issuing and voltage transformer training of the student computer; the voltage transformer detection entity platform comprises an actual booster, an actual standard voltage transformer, an actual measured voltage transformer, an actual voltage load box, an actual calibrator and an actual voltage regulator;
the student machine comprises a lower computer, a control machine in communication connection with the lower computer, a voltage regulator, a standard voltage transformer simulator, a tested voltage transformer simulator, a booster simulator, a transformer calibrator simulator and a voltage load box simulator, wherein each simulator is connected with the control machine, and the lower computer, the control machine, the voltage regulator, the standard voltage transformer simulator, the tested voltage transformer simulator, the booster simulator, the transformer calibrator simulator and the voltage load box simulator are connected with the lower computer in a communication
The voltage load box simulator is used for simulating the function of a real voltage load box;
the standard voltage transformer simulator is used for simulating the function of a real standard voltage transformer;
the simulator of the tested voltage transformer is used for simulating the function of a real tested voltage transformer;
the booster simulator is used for simulating the function of a real booster;
the transformer calibrator simulator is used for simulating the function of a real transformer calibrator;
each simulator is provided with a plurality of simulation wiring terminals, and the simulation wiring terminals are used for simulating the functions of the wiring terminals of the entity;
the voltage regulator is connected with a power supply part of the transformer calibrator simulator through an isolation transformer;
the control machine is used for acquiring signals of the wiring conditions of the simulation wiring terminals of the simulators, uploading the signals to the corresponding lower computers and executing control instructions sent by the lower computers;
the lower computer is used for sending control instruction information to the control machine, receiving information uploaded by the control machine, receiving parameters set by the upper computer for each simulator, processing and analyzing signals, and displaying the actual test wiring condition on a training set voltage transformer interface of the lower computer in real time.
Preferably, the controller comprises a head wiring end driving output module, a tail wiring end collecting input module, a polarity and signal distinguishing module, an RS232 transceiver module, an MCU module and a power supply unit module; the MCU module is connected with the head wiring end driving output module, the tail wiring end collecting input module and the polarity and signal judging module in a one-way mode and is connected with the RS232 transceiver module in a two-way mode. Wherein,
the head wiring end driving output module is used for receiving a driving control signal sent by the MCU module and applying a low level to a wiring end to be judged;
the tail wiring end acquisition input module is used for scanning signals at the tail end of the wiring and inquiring the level states of the tail ends of the other wirings except the wiring to be judged one by one;
the polarity and signal discrimination module is used for amplifying the signal and realizing the analog-to-digital conversion of the signal;
the RS232 transceiver module is used for transmitting signals of the tail terminal acquisition input module to the upper computer or transmitting control instruction information of the upper computer to the corresponding simulator;
the MCU module is used for controlling the head wiring end to drive the output module to drive the wiring end to be judged, continuously scanning the tail wiring end to collect logic level signals of the input module, and judging the on-off relation of wiring among the simulation wiring terminals;
the power supply unit module is used for supplying power to other modules.
Preferably, the upper computer is provided with a training setting voltage transformer interface, and the training setting voltage transformer interface of the upper computer is divided into a voltage transformer parameter setting area, a voltage transformer nameplate display area and a voltage transformer data area;
the voltage transformer parameter display area can be used for setting parameter data of voltage transformers of all student machines, and the parameters comprise transformation ratio, polarity, load, grade and error;
the voltage transformer nameplate display area is used for displaying set values of all parameters in real time;
the voltage transformer data area displays full-load and light-load data in real time according to the set values of all the parameters;
the upper computer is also provided with a voltage transformer checking wiring diagram interface;
the lower computer is provided with a training setting voltage transformer interface, and the training setting voltage transformer interface of the lower computer is divided into a voltage transformer wiring diagram area, a monitoring area and a voltage transformer nameplate area;
the voltage transformer wiring diagram area displays a wiring diagram of a voltage transformer without wiring and a connection diagram after wiring, and when a student is correctly wired, the student is represented by a black connecting line, and when the wiring is wrong, the student is represented by a red connecting line;
the monitoring area is used for displaying a dial indicator value obtained by the sampling of the dial indicator part along with the actual check meter, a ratio difference value obtained by the sampling of the ratio difference part along with the actual check meter and an angle difference value obtained by the sampling of the angle difference part along with the actual check meter;
and the data values of the transformation ratio, the load and the grade set by the instructor are displayed in the nameplate area of the voltage transformer.
Preferably, the trainee machine has six trainees.
The working method of the voltage transformer simulation training system comprises the following steps:
step 1: the upper computer loads a voltage transformer checking wiring diagram interface, and a projector is used for projecting to teach a student;
step 2: loading a training set voltage transformer interface by the upper computer, creating a multithreading Thread, a data buffer region maxPacket and a networkStream stream of the upper computer, and preparing for remotely sending data; if the voltage transformer interface is successfully set by loading training, performing subsequent steps, otherwise, returning to the main page of the upper computer;
and step 3: a teacher sets parameter data of the voltage transformers of the student machines in a voltage transformer parameter setting area of the upper computer;
and 4, step 4: when the lower computer loads the training voltage transformer interface, a first serial port is opened to be connected with an actual calibrator, if the training voltage transformer interface is successful, the subsequent steps are carried out, and if the training voltage transformer interface is not successful, the lower computer homepage is returned;
and 5: monitoring is entrusted to the first serial port, and data of an actual check meter is monitored in real time;
step 6: the lower computer opens the second serial port to be connected with the control machine, if the opening fails, the lower computer immediately returns to the main page of the lower computer, and if the opening succeeds, the following steps are carried out;
and 7: the lower computer creates a multithreading Thread, a data buffer region maxPacket and a networkStream stream, prepares for remote data receiving, creates a second serial port entrusted monitoring and monitors data sent by the control machine in real time;
and 8: the upper computer sends the parameter data to each student machine through a NetworkStream, and the created upper computer multithreading Thread monitors the data;
and step 9: the lower computer receives the parameter data and displays the parameter data by using the multithreading Thread established by the lower computer, and when the instructor sends the data again, the multithreading Thread can monitor the data in real time and receive the data again;
step 10: training a display area of a voltage transformer interface by a lower computer, monitoring data sent by a monitoring control machine by using a entrustment of a second serial port, receiving the data by using int [ ] number2= newint [48] when the data are different, decomposing the data by using string Split () method, and displaying each wire connected with each simulator in real time by using a line drawing mode through analyzing the data;
step 11: after the lower computer successfully trains and sets all wiring of a display area of a voltage transformer interface, the lower computer starts multithreading and transmits parameter data obtained from the upper computer by using a NetworkStream;
step 12: the student checks the voltage transformer, manually adjusts the voltage regulator, the actual check meter processes and displays the data sent by the student machine, and sends detailed data of each point of the dial indicator to the student machine;
step 13: enabling the lower computer to start entrusted monitoring of the first serial port, receiving data by the lower computer when the fact that data exist in the buffer area of the calibrator is monitored, verifying, directly discarding the data when the verification fails, and storing the data when the verification succeeds, so that the purpose of receiving the data is achieved;
step 14: and decomposing the data to obtain data of the dial indicator, the specific difference and the angular difference, thereby achieving the purpose of displaying the data of the actual check meter.
Preferably, in step 13, the lower computer checks the received data by parity, the header 0x55 and the packet size, and stores the data in the array int [ ] number = newint [48] for successful check.
Preferably, in step 9, the lower computer displays data of three parameters of the transformation ratio, the load and the grade.
Preferably, in step 3, after all the parameter data are set, the voltage transformer data area of the upper computer loaded with the training voltage transformer interface displays the set data, otherwise, the set data are not displayed.
Preferably, when the lower computer monitors that the data buffer area maxPacket changes, the lower computer receives the data again, stores the data, decomposes the data, updates the data of the dial indicator, the angle difference and the specific difference, and achieves the purpose of timely updating the data of the dial indicator, the angle difference and the specific difference in real time.
Preferably, the lower computer trains and sets a display area of the voltage transformer interface, and each simulator is represented by a black connecting line when the wiring is correct and represented by a red connecting line when the wiring is wrong.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention adopts the computer to simulate in real time, simulates the field working environment of the voltage transformer simulation verification to the maximum extent, provides a standard voltage transformer simulator, a tested voltage transformer simulator, a transformer calibrator simulator, a booster simulator and a voltage load box simulator which can completely simulate the real object in the appearance and the function of the equipment, and can realize that the working voltage and the current of the whole system are far less than the voltage and the current of the real environment, thereby providing reliable safety guarantee for trainees to train the voltage transformer under the safe working voltage and the current.
The control machine of the invention completely meets the technical requirements of a standard voltage transformer verification wiring simulation system or other similar simulation training systems, can realize full electronization, accurately judge the on-off state of the simulation wiring in real time, and continuously upload the result data to a lower computer in real time for further processing of error judgment and the like of the wiring.
The lower computer can carry out test wiring judgment on the simulation wiring terminal of each simulator, and can display the actual test wiring condition on the computer, so that the comprehension and the actual operation capability of a student on the field work are stimulated to the maximum extent, the operation skill of the student is rapidly improved, and the practical production significance is high.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of the student machine.
Fig. 3 is a functional block diagram of a standard voltage transformer simulator.
Fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a simulator of a voltage transformer to be tested.
Fig. 5 is a functional block diagram of a voltage load box simulator.
Fig. 6 is a functional block diagram of a booster simulator.
Fig. 7 is a functional block diagram of a transformer verifier simulator.
Fig. 8 is a block diagram of the control mechanism.
Fig. 9 is a software schematic block diagram of a control machine.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, the overall structure of the system of the invention is composed of 1 set of instructor machine, 6 sets of student machine and ethernet network communication equipment, wherein the instructor machine is a communication control host of the whole system and is also used as an actual detection platform for laboratory calibration mutual inductors; the student machine is a mutual inductor simulation calibrating device with complete function simulation field.
(I) an instructor machine:
the instructor machine comprises an upper computer, projection equipment connected with the upper computer and a voltage transformer detection entity platform; the upper computer is used for controlling the communication of the whole system and realizing the functions of lower computer parameter issuing and voltage transformer training of the student computer; the entity platform comprises an actual booster, an actual standard voltage transformer, an actual measured voltage transformer, an actual voltage load box, an actual calibrator and an actual voltage regulator.
The upper computer controls the communication of the whole system, functions such as student computer parameter issuing and mutual inductor basic knowledge teaching are realized, and physical mutual inductor error checking can be carried out by combining a voltage mutual inductor detection entity platform. Therefore, the instructor machine is a communication control host of the whole system and is used as an actual detection platform for laboratory calibration of the mutual inductor.
In the training state, the upper computer can call out a voltage transformer checking wiring diagram in the computer, and a projector is used for projecting to teach students; and the wiring diagram of the voltage transformer calibrator displays the wiring condition of each simulator which is correctly connected.
The students receive the teaching and can carry out wiring exercise by themselves and receive monitoring of a teacher machine. Under the condition that a student exercises self-wiring, the upper computer is provided with a training set voltage transformer interface which is divided into a voltage transformer parameter setting area, a voltage transformer nameplate display area and a voltage transformer data area;
the voltage transformer parameter display area can be used for setting parameter data of voltage transformers of all student machines, and the parameters comprise transformation ratio, polarity, load, grade and error;
the voltage transformer nameplate display area is used for displaying set values of all parameters in real time;
and the voltage transformer data area displays full-load and light-load data in real time according to the set values of all the parameters.
(II) Ethernet network equipment
The Ethernet network equipment realizes the communication between the lower computer of each student machine and the instructor machine. The upper computer and the 6 lower computers form a network system, the upper computer can read the display working condition of the lower computers in real time, and in a training state, the upper computer and the projection equipment form a special teaching and commenting system for teachers, so that teaching and training of mutual inductors and verification knowledge can be carried out.
(III) student machine
The student computer comprises a computer (a lower computer) and a voltage transformer detection anti-true platform, and the voltage transformer detection simulation platform comprises a control computer, a voltage regulator, a standard voltage transformer simulator, a measured voltage transformer simulator, a transformer calibrator simulator, a voltage load box simulator and a booster simulator.
The lower computer is provided with a training setting voltage transformer interface which is divided into a voltage transformer wiring diagram area, a monitoring area and a voltage transformer nameplate area;
the voltage transformer wiring diagram area displays a wiring diagram of a voltage transformer without wiring and a connection diagram after wiring, and when a student is correctly wired, the student is represented by a black connecting line, and when the wiring is wrong, the student is represented by a red connecting line;
the monitoring area is used for displaying a dial indicator value obtained by the sampling of the dial indicator part along with the actual check meter, a ratio difference value obtained by the sampling of the ratio difference part along with the actual check meter and an angle difference value obtained by the sampling of the angle difference part along with the actual check meter;
and the data values of the transformation ratio, the load and the grade set by the instructor are displayed in the nameplate area of the voltage transformer.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic block diagram of the lower computer: the lower computer is connected with the controller through an RS232 serial port, and the standard voltage transformer simulator, the tested voltage transformer simulator, the transformer calibrator simulator and the voltage load box simulator are all connected with the controller.
Each simulator will be described in detail below.
1. Standard voltage transformer simulator
As shown in fig. 3, the standard voltage transformer simulator includes a housing, a voltage transformer located in the housing, and a plurality of analog terminals located outside the housing.
Each will be described in detail below.
a. Voltage transformer
The voltage transformer in the shell consists of a primary winding, a secondary winding, an iron core and an insulator which are insulated from each other. The principle of operation is substantially the same as that of a transformer, and when a voltage U1 is applied to the primary winding, a magnetic flux phi is generated in the core, and according to the law of electromagnetic induction, a secondary voltage U2 is generated in the secondary winding. The turns of the primary winding or the secondary winding are changed to generate different ratios of the primary voltage to the secondary voltage, so that voltage transformers with different ratios can be formed. The voltage transformer scales the high voltage to a low voltage, i.e. 100V.
b. Analog connecting terminal
The analog wiring part is arranged on the outer surface of the shell. As shown in fig. 3: the simulator primary line input terminal is labeled A, X ground; the secondary line input terminals are marked as 35KV/100V and 10KV/100V, x, and the five input terminals are directly connected with a main board of the controller. The controller may recognize the interconnection state of the five wirings as necessary. The head ends of the 5 wires are respectively: 1a,2a, … … …, 5 a. The tail ends of the 5 connecting wires are respectively as follows: 1b,2b … … … 5 b. That is, the upper computer needs to accurately identify the relationship (on or off) between each end number and other 4 end numbers in time through the control unit. The identification method adopts a scanning algorithm integrated by a controller MCU.
It should be noted that the analog ratio of the present invention can be 35KV/100V, 10 KV/100V. Simulation level 0.05 level, overload capability 120%.
The upper computer sets a variable analog variable ratio value, polarity, rated power factor, rated load, rated frequency and accuracy level. Under the condition of completely simulating the appearance and the function of the equipment, the connection voltage is very low (generally only about 10V).
2. Simulator of voltage transformer to be measured
As shown in fig. 4, the design principle of the tested voltage transformer simulator is the same as that of the standard voltage transformer simulator, except that the input terminals have a little difference, and the primary line input terminal is marked as A, X; the secondary line input terminal is labeled 100V, x.
3. Voltage load box simulator
As shown in fig. 5, the voltage load box simulator includes a housing, and a plurality of simulation connection terminals located outside the housing.
The setting of simulation binding post is in the casing outward appearance, and when power factor was 0.8, simulate load respectively and adjust gear 2.5VA, 5VA, 10VA, 20VA, 40VA, 5 input terminal are direct to be connected with the mainboard of controller. The controller may recognize the interconnection state of the five wirings as necessary. The head ends of the 5 wires are respectively: 1a,2a, … … …, 5 a. The tail ends of the 6 connecting wires are respectively as follows: 1b,2b … … … 5b,. That is, the upper computer needs to accurately identify the relationship (on or off) between each end number and other 4 end numbers in time through the control unit. The identification method adopts a scanning algorithm integrated by a controller MCU.
The voltage load box simulator enables the wiring voltage to become very low (generally only about 10V), and can simulate the overload capacity of 120 percent and the rated voltage: 100V, power factor is 0.8, and the simulator has the communication import, can pass through the online of controller and host computer, and the accessible host computer sets up the load gear.
And simulating the appearance of a real voltage load box, wherein the appearance of the voltage load box simulator is completely consistent with that of the real voltage load box, and the wiring terminal on the panel of the voltage load box simulator is also the same as that of the real voltage load box. The effect consistent with the field test environment is achieved.
4. Voltage booster simulator
As shown in fig. 6, the booster simulator includes a housing, a number of analog terminals located outside the housing.
The number of the analog connecting terminals is 4, and the two primary line input terminals are marked as 50KV and X ground; the secondary line input terminal mark is 220V and plus or minus, and the 4 input terminals are directly connected with a mainboard of the controller. The controller may recognize the mutual connection state of the 5 wirings as necessary. The head ends of the 5 wires are respectively: 1a,2a, … … …, 4 a. The tail ends of the 5 connecting wires are respectively as follows: 1b,2b … … … 4 b. That is, the upper computer needs to accurately identify the relationship (on or off) between each end number and other 3 end numbers in time through the control unit. The identification method adopts a scanning mode.
The booster simulator enables the voltage of the connecting line to be very low (generally only about 10V) under the condition of complete simulation of appearance and functions of equipment, and can provide reliable safety guarantee for training and examination of booster of students under the condition of safe working voltage. The booster simulator simulates one-time boosting voltage of 0-50 KV, and the overload capacity is 120%.
Simulating a real booster appearance, the booster simulator appearance being identical to the real booster appearance, wherein the posts on the booster simulator panel are also identical to the real booster. The effect consistent with the field test environment is achieved.
The simulator is provided with a communication interface, can be connected with an upper computer, and can set a transformation ratio, a polarity and a boosting value through the upper computer.
5. Mutual inductor calibrator simulator
As shown in fig. 7, the transformer calibrator simulator includes a housing, a circuit board located in the housing, and a plurality of analog terminals located outside the housing.
a. Circuit board
Existing transformer calibrator simulator circuit boards may be used. When a working voltage (or current) loop of the transformer calibrator simulator applies test voltage (or current) and a differential pressure (or differential current) loop applies error voltage (or current), the transformer calibrator simulator can measure and obtain an in-phase component and an orthogonal component of a differential pressure (or differential current) phasor relative to a working voltage (or current) phasor through a bridge circuit, an electronic circuit or a digital ampere circuit, and an amplitude ratio (ratio difference) and a phase difference of the compared voltage (or current) phasor and the working voltage (or current) phasor can be obtained through calculation. If the compared voltage (or current) phasors lead the operating voltage (or current) phasors, the phase difference is positive and the lag is negative. The in-phase component, the quadrature component and the load value of the phasor of the transformer calibrator simulator are from values set by a lower computer. The percentage table value is obtained by the value of the transformer calibrator simulator according to the size regulated by the voltage regulator.
b. Analog wiring part
The analog wiring part is arranged on the outer surface of the shell. As shown in fig. 7: the working voltage loop input terminals are marked as a and X; the operating current loop input terminals are marked To and Tx, and the differential pressure input terminal is K, D; the head ends of the 6 connecting wires are respectively: 1a,2a, … … …, 5a,6a, the tails are: 1b,2b … … … 5b,6 b. According To the requirement, the computer can identify the interconnection state of the six wires a, X, To, Tx, K and D through the controller. Namely, the computer needs to accurately identify the relationship (on or off) between each terminal number and the other 5 terminal numbers in time. The controller adopts a scanning type and scans the wiring terminals one by one. That is, 6a is recognized one by one starting from 1 a. According To the communication protocol, the control machine continuously uploads the result To the computer through the RS232 interface, and the wiring error information of the test wiring of the To, Tx, D, K, a, X and other wiring points is displayed on the computer.
The transformer calibrator simulator is an important component device of a student machine, has the appearance, wiring terminals, a panel and the like of an entity transformer calibrator, is not different from an actual transformer calibrator in sense, and can be an intelligent instrument for realizing simulation of current and voltage transformer polarity errors, wiring errors, transformation ratio errors, error overproof errors, variation overproof errors and the like. The aluminum alloy case is composed of an aluminum alloy case, a circuit board, a power supply, a communication serial port and a wiring terminal. The peripheral connection part is composed of a computer, a controller, a voltage regulator and an isolation transformer. After the voltage of the 220V external power supply is regulated by the voltage regulator, the input voltage of the internal power supply circuit of the transformer calibrator simulator is changed into 30V by the isolation transformer.
The transformer calibrator simulator does not adopt a ratio difference method to carry out real error calibration, but adopts a full-virtual mode to carry out simulation test functions of error calibration, range selection and the like of the transformer on a lower computer, and a computer is connected through an RS-232 serial port communication interface according to an agreed communication protocol, wherein an in-phase component, a quadrature component and a load value of phasors of the transformer calibrator simulator are derived from values set by an upper computer, a dial indicator value is derived from values of the transformer calibrator simulator after a voltage regulator is adjusted, and the ratio difference, the angle difference and the error indication value are derived from data assigned in advance in the upper computer. If the rated working current or voltage is more than 5% and the error exceeds 30% and is less than 180%, the transformer calibrator simulator alarms that the transformation ratio is wrong; if the rated working current or voltage is more than 5% and the error is more than 180%, the simulator of the transformer calibrator alarms that the polarity is wrong, so that the whole simulation error calibration process is kept synchronous with the setting of the lower computer, the laboratory calibration operation training and examination of the voltage transformer are realized under the low voltage of 30V, and the effect of trainees and examination is achieved.
The voltage regulator is connected with a power supply of the mutual inductor calibrator simulator through an isolation transformer.
6. Controlling machine
The control machine can realize full electronization under the management of embedded software, quickly judge the wiring condition of the standard voltage transformer simulation wiring terminal, expand the interconnection relation of more wires and continuously upload the result to a lower computer in real time.
a. Hardware implementation of a controller
Fig. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a control machine. The control machine is composed of a head wiring end driving output module, a tail wiring end collecting input module, a polarity and signal distinguishing module, an RS232 transceiver module, an MCU module and a power supply unit module, wherein the MCU module is connected with the head wiring end driving output module, the tail wiring end collecting input module and the polarity and signal distinguishing module in a one-way mode and is connected with the RS232 transceiver module in a two-way mode. The following describes the modules:
head-terminal-drive output module: either a 74HC374 or 8-bit latch integrated circuit is used. And receiving a driving control signal sent by the MCU module, and applying a low level to the wiring terminal to be judged.
Tail terminal gathers input module: a 75HC244 or 8-bit 3-state gate integrated circuit is used. And scanning the signals of the tail ends of the wires, and inquiring the level states of the tail ends of the wires except the wires to be judged one by one.
Polarity and signal discrimination module: the circuit consists of a transconductance amplifier and a zero-crossing detection circuit. The transconductance amplifier is used for fully amplifying signals to ensure the detection sensitivity, and the zero-crossing detection circuit is used for converting sine wave analog signals into digital signals to facilitate MCU processing. After the MCU obtains the signals, the polarity of the positive and negative polarities can be judged according to a certain algorithm.
RS232 transceiver module: and an SP3232 transceiver or a similar integrated module is adopted to continuously transmit the acquired data to the lower computer in real time or transmit the control instruction information of the lower computer to a corresponding simulator through an RS232 standard communication interface.
The MCU module: MPC82G516A monolithic chip packaged with PQFP 44. The MCU module collects logic level signals of the input module through constantly scanning the tail of the collection terminal according to a scanning program loaded by the single chip microcomputer, judges the on-off relation of each wire connecting terminal, and is also responsible for controlling which terminal is specifically driven by the terminal driving output module. MPC82G516A is a single chip microprocessor based on 80C51 efficient 1-T architecture, requiring 1-7 clock signals per instruction (6-7 times faster than standard 8051), compatible with the 8051 instruction set. Therefore, with the same processing capability as that of the standard 8051, the MPC82G516A only needs to operate at a very low speed, thereby greatly reducing power consumption.
A power supply unit module: and providing working power supply required by other modules.
b. Software implementation of a controlling machine
Fig. 9 is a software schematic block diagram of the control machine. Mainly comprises 3 steps: the method comprises the steps of program timing scanning and initialization, wiring state real-time acquisition and data real-time uploading.
The program timing scanning structure and the initialization step mainly realize the timing periodic scanning of the program, so that the multitask management and the accurate synchronization are convenient to realize, and the reliability of data acquisition and communication is ensured.
The real-time collection step of the wiring state mainly realizes the whole real-time collection process of scanning type driving wiring terminals and collecting all wires at the tail of the wiring terminals.
And the real-time data uploading step is to convert the wiring state acquired by the wiring state real-time acquisition functional module into data recognized by the lower computer according to an application layer communication protocol and send the data to the lower computer.
c. Method for judging wiring of control machine
The specific method and steps for judging the wiring of the control machine are as follows:
step 1: after the program scanning structure is initialized, the MCU module sends out a driving control signal, a head wiring terminal driving module generates a logic low level to drive the wire head end of a certain wire, the identified wire head end is fed with a low level, and other wire head ends are fed with high levels;
step 2: the MCU module adopts a program scanning mode, the scanning period is less than 100ms, the tail end of other wires is inquired one by one through the tail wire end acquisition input module, if the level measured on the tail end of the wire end corresponding to the tail wire end acquisition input module is low level, the connection between the tail end and the wire head is described, if the measured level is high level, the connection between the tail end and the wire head is described, the tail level state of the wire end of the tail wire end acquisition input module is completely acquired by the MCU module, and thus the connection relation between the driven wire and the other wires is judged;
and step 3: according to the process circulation, the head wiring end driving module rapidly drives the wiring end of the rest simulation wires in a scanning mode, and after the head ends of all the wires are driven one by one, the MCU module can acquire the on-off conditions of all the wires in real time to obtain the connection relation among all the wires;
and 4, step 4: the MCU module finishes the collection of the on-off states of all the leads and then uploads the results of the on-off connection relation of the leads to the lower computer through the RS232 transceiver module according to a communication protocol, and the lower computer compares the standard on-off relation with the actual connection relation sent by the RS232 transceiver module to judge the wrong connection relation. And judging the result of the whole wiring judgment process. The whole period from the acquisition to the completion of data transmission is not more than 100ms, and the mutual connection relation of all the wires is acquired in real time.
The operation of the system will now be described in detail. Comprises the following steps:
step 1: the upper computer loads a voltage transformer checking wiring diagram interface, and a projector is used for projecting to teach a student;
step 2: loading a training set voltage transformer interface by the upper computer, creating a multithreading Thread, a data buffer region maxPacket and a networkStream stream of the upper computer, and preparing for remotely sending data; if the voltage transformer interface is successfully set by loading training, performing subsequent steps, otherwise, returning to the main page of the upper computer;
and step 3: a teacher sets parameter data of a voltage transformer of each student machine in a voltage transformer parameter setting area of the upper computer, wherein the parameters comprise transformation ratio, polarity, load (light load), grade and error value;
and 4, step 4: when the lower computer loads the training voltage transformer interface, a first serial port1 is opened to be connected with the actual calibrator, if the training voltage transformer interface is successfully loaded, the subsequent steps are carried out, and if the training voltage transformer interface is not successfully loaded, the lower computer homepage is returned;
and 5: the first serial port serialPort1 entrusts monitoring and monitors the data of the actual check meter in real time;
step 6: the lower computer opens a second serial port2 to connect with the control computer, if the opening fails, the lower computer immediately returns to the main page of the lower computer, if the opening succeeds, the following steps are carried out;
and 7: the lower computer creates a multithread Thread, a data buffer region maxPacket and a networkStream stream, prepares for remote data receiving, creates a second serial port2 entrusted monitoring, and monitors data sent by the control machine in real time;
and 8: the upper computer sends parameter data of the transformation ratio, the polarity, the load (light load), the grade and the error value to each student machine through a NetworkStream, the created data buffer area maxPacket puts the data into a buffer area, and the created upper computer multithreading Thread monitors the data.
It should be noted that, if the instructor finds that the data setting is wrong or a student is not logged in, the instructor may click a cancel button to cancel the data transmission.
And step 9: the lower computer receives the parameter data by using the multithreading Thread created by the lower computer, displays the parameters and displays the parameter data of the transformation ratio, the load and the grade, and when the instructor sends the data again, the multithreading Thread can monitor the data in real time and receive the data again.
Step 10: the lower computer trains the data sent by the monitoring control machine of entrusted monitoring of a display area for setting a voltage transformer interface by a second serial port2, receives the data by int [ ] number2= newint [48] when the data are different, decomposes the data by string's Split () method, can intelligently and timely display each line connected by a student in real time by analyzing the data by a line drawing mode, can judge the right and wrong, is represented by a black line when the line is correct, and is represented by a red line when the line is wrong.
Step 11: after the lower computer successfully trains and sets all the wiring of the display area of the voltage transformer interface, the lower computer starts the multithreading Thread, and the data such as the transformation ratio, the polarity and the like obtained from the upper computer are sent by using the NetworkStream.
Step 12: the student checks the voltage transformer, manually adjusts the voltage regulator, and the actual check gauge processes and displays according to the data sent by the student machine and sends detailed data of each point of the dial indicator to the student machine.
Step 13: the lower computer starts entrusted monitoring of a first serial port serialPort1, when data in an actual check meter buffer area is monitored, the lower computer receives the data by an array byte [ ] b, then checks in various checking modes such as parity, a packet header 0x55, packet size and the like, directly discards the data after the check fails, checks into a functional array int [ ] number = newint [48], and stores the data, so that the purpose of receiving the data is achieved.
Step 14: and decomposing the data to obtain data of the dial indicator, the specific difference and the angular difference, thereby achieving the purpose of displaying the data of the actual check meter.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention adopts the computer to simulate in real time, simulates the field working environment of the voltage transformer simulation verification to the maximum extent, provides a standard voltage transformer simulator, a tested voltage transformer simulator, a booster simulator, an actual calibrator and a voltage load box simulator which can completely simulate the real object in the appearance and the function of the equipment, and can realize that the working voltage and the current of the whole system are far less than the voltage and the current of the real environment and provide reliable safety guarantee for the training of the measurement of the student voltage transformer under the safe working voltage and the current.
The control machine of the invention completely meets the technical requirements of a standard voltage transformer verification wiring simulation system or other similar simulation training systems, can realize full electronization, accurately judge the on-off state of the simulation wiring in real time, and continuously upload the result data to a lower computer in real time for further processing of error judgment and the like of the wiring.
The lower computer can carry out test wiring judgment on the simulation wiring terminal of each simulator, and can display the actual test wiring condition on the computer, so that the comprehension and the actual operation capability of a student on the field work are stimulated to the maximum extent, the operation skill of the student is rapidly improved, and the practical production significance is high.
Claims (6)
1. The working method of the voltage transformer simulation training system is characterized in that the voltage transformer simulation training system comprises a teacher machine and a plurality of student machines which are in communication connection with the teacher machine, wherein,
the instructor machine comprises an upper computer, projection equipment connected with the upper computer and a voltage transformer detection entity platform; the upper computer is used for controlling the communication of the whole system and realizing the functions of lower computer parameter issuing and voltage transformer training of the student computer; the voltage transformer detection entity platform comprises an actual booster, an actual standard voltage transformer, an actual measured voltage transformer, an actual voltage load box, an actual calibrator and an actual voltage regulator;
the student machine comprises a lower computer, a control machine in communication connection with the lower computer, a voltage regulator, a standard voltage transformer simulator, a tested voltage transformer simulator, a booster simulator, a transformer calibrator simulator and a voltage load box simulator, wherein each simulator is connected with the control machine, and the lower computer, the control machine, the voltage regulator, the standard voltage transformer simulator, the tested voltage transformer simulator, the booster simulator, the transformer calibrator simulator and the voltage load box simulator are connected with the lower computer in a communication
The voltage load box simulator is used for simulating the function of a real voltage load box;
the standard voltage transformer simulator is used for simulating the function of a real standard voltage transformer;
the simulator of the tested voltage transformer is used for simulating the function of a real tested voltage transformer;
the booster simulator is used for simulating the function of a real booster;
the transformer calibrator simulator is used for simulating the function of a real transformer calibrator;
each simulator is provided with a plurality of simulation wiring terminals, and the simulation wiring terminals are used for simulating the functions of the wiring terminals of the entity;
the voltage regulator is connected with a power supply part of the transformer calibrator simulator through an isolation transformer;
the control machine is used for acquiring signals of the wiring conditions of the simulation wiring terminals of the simulators, uploading the signals to the corresponding lower computers and executing control instructions sent by the lower computers;
the lower computer is used for sending control instruction information to the control machine, receiving information uploaded by the control machine, receiving parameters set by the upper computer for each simulator, processing and analyzing signals, and displaying the actual test wiring condition on a training set voltage transformer interface of the lower computer in real time;
the upper computer is provided with a training set voltage transformer interface, and the training set voltage transformer interface of the upper computer is divided into a voltage transformer parameter setting area, a voltage transformer nameplate display area and a voltage transformer data area;
the voltage transformer parameter setting area can set parameter data of voltage transformers of all student machines, and the parameters comprise transformation ratio, polarity, load, grade and error;
the voltage transformer nameplate display area is used for displaying set values of all parameters in real time;
the voltage transformer data area displays full-load and light-load data in real time according to the set values of all the parameters;
the upper computer is also provided with a voltage transformer checking wiring diagram interface;
the lower computer is provided with a training setting voltage transformer interface, and the training setting voltage transformer interface of the lower computer is divided into a voltage transformer wiring diagram area, a monitoring area and a voltage transformer nameplate area;
the voltage transformer wiring diagram area displays a wiring diagram of a voltage transformer without wiring and a connection diagram after wiring, and when a student is correctly wired, the student is represented by a black connecting line, and when the wiring is wrong, the student is represented by a red connecting line;
the monitoring area is used for displaying a dial indicator value obtained by the sampling of the dial indicator part along with the actual check meter, a ratio difference value obtained by the sampling of the ratio difference part along with the actual check meter and an angle difference value obtained by the sampling of the angle difference part along with the actual check meter;
the voltage transformer nameplate area displays data values of transformation ratio, load and grade set by a teacher;
the working method of the voltage transformer simulation training system comprises the following steps:
step 1: the upper computer loads a voltage transformer checking wiring diagram interface, and a projector is used for projecting to teach a student;
step 2: loading a training set voltage transformer interface by the upper computer, creating a multithreading Thread, a data buffer region maxPacket and a networkStream stream of the upper computer, and preparing for remotely sending data; if the voltage transformer interface is successfully set by loading training, performing subsequent steps, otherwise, returning to the main page of the upper computer;
and step 3: a teacher sets parameter data of the voltage transformers of the student machines in a voltage transformer parameter setting area of the upper computer;
and 4, step 4: when the training voltage transformer interface is loaded by the lower computer, a first serial port is opened to be connected with the actual calibrator, if the training voltage transformer interface is successfully loaded, the subsequent steps are carried out, and if the training voltage transformer interface is not successfully loaded, the lower computer returns to the main page of the lower computer;
and 5: monitoring is entrusted to the first serial port, and data of an actual check meter is monitored in real time;
step 6: the lower computer opens the second serial port to be connected with the control machine, if the opening fails, the lower computer immediately returns to the main page of the lower computer, and if the opening succeeds, the following steps are carried out;
and 7: the lower computer creates a multithreading Thread, a data buffer region maxPacket and a networkStream stream, prepares for remote data receiving, creates a second serial port entrusted monitoring and monitors data sent by the control machine in real time;
and 8: the upper computer sends the parameter data to each student machine through a NetworkStream, and the created upper computer multithreading Thread monitors the data;
and step 9: the lower computer receives the parameter data and displays the parameter data by using the multithreading Thread established by the lower computer, and when the instructor sends the data again, the multithreading Thread can monitor the data in real time and receive the data again;
step 10: training a display area of a voltage transformer interface by a lower computer, monitoring data sent by a monitoring control machine by using a entrustment of a second serial port, receiving the data by using int [ ] number2= newint [48] when the data are different, decomposing the data by using string Split () method, and displaying each wire connected with each simulator in real time by using a line drawing mode through analyzing the data;
step 11: after the lower computer successfully trains and sets all wiring of a display area of a voltage transformer interface, the lower computer starts multithreading and transmits parameter data obtained from the upper computer by using a NetworkStream;
step 12: the student checks the voltage transformer, manually adjusts the voltage regulator, the actual check meter processes and displays the data sent by the student machine, and sends detailed data of each point of the dial indicator to the student machine;
step 13: enabling the lower computer to start entrusted monitoring of the first serial port, receiving data by the lower computer when the fact that data exist in the buffer area of the calibrator is monitored, verifying, directly discarding the data when the verification fails, and storing the data when the verification succeeds, so that the purpose of receiving the data is achieved;
step 14: and decomposing the data to obtain data of the dial indicator, the specific difference and the angular difference, thereby achieving the purpose of displaying the data of the actual check meter.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 13, the lower computer checks the received data by parity, packet header 0x55 and packet size, and the data is successfully stored in the array int [ ] number = new [48 ].
3. The method for operating the simulation training system for voltage transformers according to claim 1, wherein in step 9, the lower computer displays data of three parameters of transformation ratio, load and grade.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 3, when all the parameter data are set, the voltage transformer data area of the training voltage transformer loading interface of the upper computer displays the set data, otherwise, the set data are not displayed.
5. The working method of the voltage transformer simulation training system as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the lower computer detects the change of the data buffer maxPacket, the lower computer receives the data again, stores the data, decomposes the data, updates the data of the dial indicator, the angle difference and the ratio difference, and achieves the purpose of updating the data of the dial indicator, the angle difference and the ratio difference in real time and in time.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 10, the lower computer training sets up the display area of the interface of the voltage transformer, and each simulator is represented by a black line when the wiring is correct and a red line when the wiring is wrong.
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