CN103776763B - Rotating cylindrical freeze with ice sheet adhesion measure experimental provision and measuring method - Google Patents
Rotating cylindrical freeze with ice sheet adhesion measure experimental provision and measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103776763B CN103776763B CN201410014027.6A CN201410014027A CN103776763B CN 103776763 B CN103776763 B CN 103776763B CN 201410014027 A CN201410014027 A CN 201410014027A CN 103776763 B CN103776763 B CN 103776763B
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- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
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- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 41
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
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- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
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- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 claims 1
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of rotating cylindrical freezes and ice sheet adhesion is measured assay device and measuring method.This experimental provision includes refrigeration system, water injection system, machine driven system and data collecting system.The present invention icing stage and adhesion can be kept to measure during temperature constant in couveuse；Drive cylinder at the uniform velocity to rotate by motor to carry out the experiment that freezes, then utilize step motor drive thread transmission at the uniform velocity to load with controlled loading velocity and carry out adhesion experiments of measuring.Utilize thread transmission that rotary motion is changed into linear motion, achieve cylinder icing laboratory table to unite two into one with ice sheet adhesion experiments of measuring platform, complete the measurement of adhesion in the case of testing workpiece after need not mobile icing, reduce experimental error, improve measurement accuracy.Apparatus and method of the present invention, it is to avoid utilize the main equipments such as icing tunnel to carry out icing Research on Mechanical Properties and expend a large amount of manpower, material resources and financial resources, practical.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aircraft security technical field, a kind of rotating cylindrical freezes and the measurement of ice sheet adhesion
Experimental provision and measuring method.
Background technology
Aircraft passes through when the cloud layer containing super-cooling waterdrop, windward the surface such as lifting surface such as wing, empennage, air intake duct leading edge
Etc. freezing, flight safety is caused serious threat, it is therefore desirable to take the most anti-icing, deicing measure.Mechanical
Deicing mode is one of the most widely used icing protective measure, and needs first before designing efficient Pneumatic Boot Deicing System
Determining the adhesion characteristics of ice sheet and parts surface, the active force only provided when mechanical system is viscous more than ice sheet and parts surface
The purpose of deicing is can be only achieved during attached power.
Research and the experiment of adhesion between ice sheet and frozen surface are measured and are just carried out in the middle of last century,
Research in early days focuses principally on the ice sheet obtained by nature freezing process freezing equipments such as (freeze) refrigerators, utilizes rule
Ice carry out the research of mechanical characteristic.The mechanical characteristic value of ice measured under natural freezing process has the biggest with real process
Difference, can not well disclose the feature frozen under Live Flying environment.Recently along with more external icing tunnels gradually
Set up, start approximate simulation aircraft flight environment in icing tunnel, the ice tied is carried out research measure under its environment.Icing tunnel
Test and comparison under environment levels off to Live Flying environment, but owing to incurring great expense and bigger manpower and materials, and
And the condition such as the scientific basic setting up a large amount of advanced person of needs of icing tunnel and precision measurement equipment, can not be as conventional research
Means of testing.Therefore to can obtain approximating the mechanical characteristic frozen under aircraft Live Flying environmental condition, and allow
Carry out the repetition experimentation of low cost, set up the cheap ice mechanics test reliably of the simulated aircraft freezing environment of a set of routine
Apparatus and method become inevitable requirement.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of rotating cylindrical with low cost, repeatable realization and freezes and ice
The assay device of layer adhesion measurement and measuring method, the measurement result using this instrument and method is the least with actual error,
Can determine that the adhesion characteristics of ice sheet and parts surface, provide corresponding data for removing carry-on ice sheet.
The experimental provision that a kind of rotating cylindrical disclosed in this invention freezes and ice sheet adhesion is measured, including refrigeration
System, mechanical drive system, water injection system and data collecting system.Refrigeration system include couveuse and by cooling pipeline with
The cooling apparatus of the internal connection of couveuse；Experimental piece is placed on couveuse inside and is connected with mechanical drive system, Mechanical Driven
System drive experimental piece is for linear motion and rotary motion；Water injection system includes nozzle, airflow pipe and water conveyance conduit,
Airflow pipe and water conveyance conduit are concurrently accessed nozzle, and nozzle is arranged on insulation tank wall；Data collecting system includes drawing
Pressure type force transducer, temperature sensor, pressure transducer, intelligent acquisition module, computer, pulling-pressing force sensor is arranged on machine
In tool drive system, temperature sensor is arranged on inside couveuse, and pressure transducer is separately mounted to airflow pipe and water
On conveyance conduit, pulling-pressing force sensor, temperature sensor, pressure transducer all are connected to calculate by intelligent acquisition module
Machine.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, described mechanical drive system includes experimental piece clamping device, shaft coupling
Device, axle, screw rod, locking nut, motor and motor driver；One end of experimental piece be arranged on side in couveuse
Clamping device is connected, and the other end is connected on axle by shaft coupling, be connected with in turn the most again from axle pulling-pressing force sensor,
Screw rod, locking nut, motor.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, described cooling apparatus is liquid nitrogen container.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, described nozzle is the spray of dual pathways adjustable liquid drop diameter
Mouth, the water in nozzle, feed channel use concentric dual cylinders pipeline, and interior pipeline is waterpipe, and outer pipeline is trachea
Road.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, the hydraulic pressure of described dual pathways adjustable liquid drop diameter nozzle
Scope: 0.1～0.3MPa, air pressure range: 0.1～0.7MPa, liquid water droplets diameter MVD adjustable extent: 10～40 μm.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, described nozzle is arranged on couveuse top wall.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, described intelligent acquisition module include temperature signal collection module,
Water route, airline pressure signal acquisition module, the pressure signal acquisition module of pulling-pressing force sensor.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, described pulling-pressing force sensor is 10VDC for bridge voltage, precision
For 0.05%F S, sensitivity is 2mV/V.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, described temperature sensor is platinum resistance temperature sensor, quantity
It it is 6.
Use above-mentioned experimental provision to carry out the method measured with ice sheet adhesion that freezes, comprise the following steps:
1) utilizing shaft coupling to be connected with axle experimental piece one end, the other end is connected with clamping device, and experimental piece is permissible
Rotate freely in clamping device and slide；
2) regulation mechanical drive system, makes experimental piece only be rotated and not move along a straight line；Close couveuse,
Opening refrigeration system switch and air supply valve, regulation supply gas pressure is 0.2MPa～0.6MPa, starts refrigeration；
3) when couveuse internal temperature reaches the freezing temperature value that experiment sets, opening Water supply switch valve, regulation is for hydraulic pressure
Power is 0.1MPa～0.3MPa, and regulation refrigeration system switch makes couveuse keep temperature constant, makes to freeze on experimental piece, starts note
Record freezing time, the persistent period that freezes is 8～10 minutes；
4) treating that freezing process terminates, stop supply and supply water, regulation refrigeration system switch continues to keep protecting step in making incubator
Rapid 3) freezing temperature in, the freezing after freezing, cooling time is 4～6 minutes；
5) adjust mechanical drive system, make experimental piece stop the rotation motion start single linear motion, ice sheet is pressed
Contracting, utilizes computer and intelligent acquisition module to carry out mechanical test experimental data and includes air line pressure, water lines pressure, guarantor
Incubator internal temperature, the collection of force value of pulling-pressing force sensor and record, the force value of pulling-pressing force sensor is ice
Shear adhesion, measure and obtain length and the experimental piece diameter of icicle.First pass through the diameter of experimental piece and the length of ice sheet
Obtain the contact area between ice and experimental piece, then find out the maximum of the shear adhesion of ice, then shear adhesion is
Big value is the shear adhesion intensity of ice with the ratio of contact area.Specifically it is calculated as follows:
S=π dLice
Wherein: S is the contact area of ice and experimental piece, m2；D is experimental piece diameter, m；LiceFor the length of ice sheet, m；AdFor
The shear adhesion intensity of ice, MPa；FmaxFor the maximum of the shear adhesion of ice, N.
A kind of rotating cylindrical disclosed by the invention freeze with ice sheet adhesion measure experimental provision and measuring method, in reality
Test in part rotary course and freeze, then realized the sliding linear motion of experimental piece by fixing locking nut, carry out ice
Mechanical test, it is achieved that the simplicity of experiment and operability.By realizing corresponding freezing environment, it is to avoid utilize icing tunnel etc.
Main equipment carries out the situation expending a large amount of manpower, material resources and financial resources of icing Research on Mechanical Properties.Use this instrument and method,
Utilize thread transmission that rotary motion is changed into linear motion, it is achieved that cylinder icing laboratory table is measured with ice sheet adhesion
Laboratory table unites two into one, and completes the measurement of adhesion after need not mobile icing in the case of testing workpiece, reduces experiment by mistake
Difference, improves measurement accuracy.The adhesion characteristics of ice sheet and parts surface is can determine that, for removing by apparatus and method of the present invention
Carry-on ice sheet provides corresponding data.
And in the present invention, device instrument is easily disassembled and transports, and can complete required experiment in limited space
Project.It addition, the present invention achieves a relatively low temperature environment in couveuse, thus do not affecting the premise of operation
Under, need the Pilot Unit carrying out low temperature environment research to provide carrying platform, the density of such as relevant ice to survey for some
Amount, it is achieved the maximum utilization of resource, it is to avoid the excess waste of refrigerating capacity.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of experimental provision of the present invention；
Fig. 2 a is couveuse front view scale diagrams；
Fig. 2 b is couveuse left view scale diagrams；
Fig. 2 c is couveuse top view scale diagrams；
Fig. 3 a is nozzle system connection diagram；
Fig. 3 b is nozzle interior channel structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 a is that temperature sensor is distributed front view；
Fig. 4 b is that temperature sensor is distributed right view；
Fig. 4 c is that temperature sensor is distributed top view；
Fig. 5 is KingView monitoring programme monitored picture；
Fig. 6 is that the MVD of atomizer is with water, air pressure change curve.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings embodiments of the present invention are elaborated.
The experimental provision measured with ice sheet adhesion as it is shown in figure 1, the rotating cylindrical of the present invention freezes, including couveuse 4
The liquid nitrogen container 1 connected with by liquid nitrogen pipes and couveuse 4 inside.Couveuse 4 is fixed in stand for experiment 3.By valve control
The pressure of liquid nitrogen processed and flow, thus control couveuse temperature.Couveuse material uses thickness to be the insulation material of 39mm, makes
Time bonding portion low temperature glue carry out bonding, thus couveuse can keep good heat insulation effect at a lower temperature.As
Shown in Fig. 2 a, 2b and 2c, couveuse external dimensions: 382mm (length) × 316mm (wide) × 461mm (high), inside dimension: 304mm
(length) × 238mm (wide) × 383mm (high).
In couveuse 4, side is provided with clamping device 2, and described clamping device 2 is for rotating fixing axle, and this rotation is fixed axle and worn
Cross couveuse 4 sidewall to be installed in stand for experiment 3.The internal opposite side relative with rotating fixing axle of couveuse 4 has hole, has rank
Ladder axle 7 is through this hole, and a part is positioned at inside couveuse.From inside to outside: shaft coupling 6, axle 7, pulling-pressing force sensor 8, screw rod
9, locking nut 10, motor 11 are connected in turn.Axle 7, motor 11 are each attached in stand for experiment.Experimental piece
5 one end are connected with rotating fixing axle, and the other end is connected with axle 7 by shaft coupling 6, keep experimental piece 5 and revolving part (stepping
Motor 11, locking nut 10, screw rod 9, pulling-pressing force sensor 8, axle 7, shaft coupling 6) coaxial.When test experiments part zero load,
The measured frictional force 20N to be less than between revolving part.Experimental piece 5 can be made along own axes under the drive of motor 11
For linear motion and rotate with own axes.The rotating of motor 11 controls to be set to: by controlling switch control
The level of system input motor driver, thus control rotating and reverse of motor；During input high level, motor rotates forward, and drives experiment
Part 5 travels forward so that rotates fixing axle extruding ice sheet, motor reversal during input low level, drives experimental piece 5 rearward movement；
Design parameter is 50000 steps/circle.Described pulling-pressing force sensor 8 is 10VDC for bridge voltage, and precision is 0.05%F S, sensitive
Degree is 2mV/V.The rotary motion realized by screw rod with the transformational relation of linear motion is:
Wherein: L is point-to-point speed, m s-1；P is the pitch of screw rod, m；N is revolutions per second, r s-1；F is step
Enter the frequency of motor 11, Hz.
Couveuse 4 top has hole, and dual pathways adjustable liquid drop diameter (MVD) nozzle 16 is arranged in hole, opening
Internal towards couveuse 4.As described in Fig. 3 a and 3b, water, feed channel within dual pathways adjustable liquid drop diameter nozzle 16 are adopted
Be concentric dual cylinders pipeline, interior conduit diameter 4mm, Outer Tube diameter 8mm, and interior pipeline is waterpipe, outer pipeline
For feed channel.The range hydraulic pressure of dual pathways adjustable liquid drop diameter nozzle 16: 0.1～0.3MPa, air pressure range: 0.1～
0.7MPa, MVD adjustable extent: 10～40 μm.Have airflow pipe 17 and water conveyance conduit 18 to be concurrently accessed nozzle, respectively with
Feed channel in nozzle is connected with waterpipe.The input of described water conveyance conduit 18 is pure water.Airflow pipe 17 and water
Pressure transducer 14 it is mounted on conveyance conduit 18.
As shown in Fig. 4 a, 4b and 4c, have 6 temperature sensors 15 to be arranged on couveuse 4 internal, respectively t0, t1, t2,
T3, t4 and t5, the temperature of the layout sensor measurement to be ensured of sensor can comprehensively describe inner icing ambient temperature situations,
Avoid the occurrence of the outside icing of temperature sensor simultaneously, affect Measurement reliability.T0 measures couveuse upper temp, t1, t2, t3 and
T4 measures the temperature of four different directions above icing workpiece planarization, and t5 measures liquid nitrogen inlet temperature, in order to ensure outside sensor
Portion does not freezes, and the layout of sensor to avoid the spread of spray of shower nozzle and the nitrogen jet scope of liquid nitrogen import, therefore temperature as far as possible
The layout of degree sensor t4 and t3 departs slightly from icing experimental piece.Described temperature sensor 15 platinum resistance temperature sensor, range
For-100 DEG C～100 DEG C.
Pulling-pressing force sensor 8, temperature sensor 15, pressure transducer 14 are all connected to meter by intelligent acquisition module 13
Calculation machine 12.Described data acquisition module is the intelligent acquisition module of Yanhua ADAM.Wherein, temperature is believed by acquisition module ADAM4015
Number being acquired, the pressure signal of airflow pipe and pure water conveyance conduit is acquired by ADAM4017, ADAM4018
The pressure signal of pulling-pressing force sensor is acquired.Measuring the timing signal of sensor in aforementioned means, configuration is corresponding high
Measure of precision equipment carries out demarcating and error analysis and correction.As it is shown in figure 5, computer is provided with KingView monitoring programme,
The data gathered are recorded, shown and computing, and this software is to have answered used software in laboratory.
The experimental provision using above-mentioned rotating cylindrical to freeze with the measurement of ice sheet adhesion carries out freezing and ice sheet adhesion
The method measured, embodiment is as follows:
Embodiment 1
The size of the cylindrical experimental piece chosen is: long 160mm, diameter 10mm.Experimental piece material is aluminum material.
The freezing temperature set is as-15 DEG C, and the pressure of airflow pipe is 0.2MPa, the pressure of pure water conveyance conduit
For 0.1MPa, the actual performance description of shower nozzle show that (as shown in Figure 6, nozzle sets a diameter of 20 μm of corresponding liquid water droplets
After meter sizing, producer can carry out a series of calibration experiment, so that it is determined that the drop diameter gone out under different hydraulic pressure and air pressure conditions
Value.Therefore manufacturer can provide a description, determines the size of drop diameter according to the curve of their manufacturer).Set knot
The ice time is 8～10 minutes.Cooling time after icing is 4～6 minutes.
Measuring process is as follows:
1) appropriate section of whole device debugged and check: device regulates the reliability detection of switch, configuration
In the testing results of king's monitoring programme, data acquisition module and the detection of various kinds of sensors reliability, machine driven system coaxially
Degree detection and motor positive and inverse are arranged.
2) utilizing shaft coupling 6 to be connected with axle 7 experimental piece 5 one end, the other end is connected with rotating fixing axle, and somewhat
Stretching in the hole rotating fixing axle, experimental piece 5 can rotate freely in clamping device 2 and slide.
3) close couveuse 4, open liquid nitrogen pipes switch and the switch of airflow pipe 17, regulate airflow pipe
17 control switch ensures that supply gas pressure is 0.2MPa, and regulation liquid nitrogen pipes switch starts refrigeration.Adjust pulling-pressing force simultaneously
Sensor 8, screw rod 9 and locking nut 10, open motor 11 and switch, and makes experimental piece 5 only be rotated and not carry out
Linear motion.
4) when couveuse 4 internal temperature drops to-15 DEG C, open the switch of water conveyance conduit 18, regulate water conveyance conduit
The pressure of 18 is 0.1MPa, and starts to record freezing time, and regulation liquid nitrogen pipes switch makes couveuse 4 keep temperature constant, makes
Freezing on experimental piece 5, the persistent period that freezes is 8～10 minutes.
5) treating that freezing process terminates, stop supply and supply water, regulation liquid nitrogen pipes switch continues to keep protecting step in making incubator 4
Freezing temperature in rapid 3, the freezing after freezing, cooling time is 4～6 minutes；
6) pulling-pressing force sensor 8, screw rod 9 and locking nut 10 are adjusted, fixing locking nut 10, make experimental piece 5 only enter
Row moves along a straight line and is not rotated；Regulation motor 11, is compressed ice sheet.Utilize computer (12) and intelligence
Acquisition module (13) carries out mechanical test experimental data and includes air line pressure, water lines pressure, couveuse internal temperature, draws
The collection of the force value of pressure type force transducer and record, the force value of pulling-pressing force sensor is the shear adhesion of ice.Root
According to measurement arrive air line pressure, water lines pressure, the numerical value of couveuse internal temperature, to air line pressure, water lines
Pressure, couveuse internal temperature adjust constantly.Vernier caliper measurement is utilized to obtain length and the diameter of ice sheet, by calculating
Process draws corresponding adhesion strength numerical value, the length of the diameter and ice sheet that i.e. first pass through experimental piece obtain ice and experimental piece it
Between contact area, then find out the maximum of the shear adhesion of ice, then the maximum of shear adhesion is with contact area
Ratio is the shear adhesion intensity of ice.Specifically it is calculated as follows:
S=π dLice
Wherein: S is the contact area of ice and experimental piece, m2；D is experimental piece diameter, m；LiceFor the length of ice sheet, m；AdFor
The shear adhesion intensity of ice, MPa；FmaxFor the maximum of the shear adhesion of ice, N.
Embodiment 2
The size of the cylindrical experimental piece chosen is: long 160mm, diameter 10mm.Experimental piece material is rustless steel material.
The freezing temperature set is as-30 DEG C, and the pressure of airflow pipe is 0.3MPa, the pressure of pure water conveyance conduit
For 0.25MPa, the actual performance description of shower nozzle draw a diameter of 30 μm of corresponding liquid water droplets.Set freezing time as 9
Minute.Cooling time after icing is 5 minutes.
Measuring process is as follows:
1) appropriate section of whole device debugged and check: device regulates the reliability detection of switch, configuration
In the testing results of king's monitoring programme, data acquisition module and the detection of various kinds of sensors reliability, machine driven system coaxially
Degree detection and motor positive and inverse are arranged.
2) utilizing shaft coupling 6 to be connected with axle 7 experimental piece 5 one end, the other end is connected with rotating fixing axle, and somewhat
Stretching in the hole rotating fixing axle, experimental piece 5 can rotate freely in clamping device 2 and slide.
3) close couveuse 4, open liquid nitrogen pipes switch and the switch of airflow pipe 17, regulate airflow pipe
17 control switch ensures that supply gas pressure is 0.3MPa, and regulation liquid nitrogen pipes switch starts refrigeration.Adjust pulling-pressing force simultaneously
Sensor 8, screw rod 9 and locking nut 10, open motor 11 and switch, and makes experimental piece 5 only be rotated and not carry out
Linear motion.
4) when couveuse 4 internal temperature drops to-30 DEG C, open the switch of water conveyance conduit 18, regulate water conveyance conduit
The pressure of 18 is 0.25MPa, and starts to record freezing time, and regulation liquid nitrogen pipes switch makes couveuse 4 keep temperature constant, makes
Freezing on experimental piece 5, the persistent period that freezes is 9 minutes.
5) treating that freezing process terminates, stop supply and supply water, regulation liquid nitrogen pipes switch continues to keep protecting step in making incubator 4
Freezing temperature in rapid 3, the freezing after freezing, cooling time is 5 minutes；
6) pulling-pressing force sensor 8, screw rod 9 and locking nut 10 are adjusted, fixing locking nut 10, make experimental piece 5 only enter
Row moves along a straight line and is not rotated；Regulation motor 11, makes motor 11 keep rotating forward.Utilize computer 12 He
Intelligent acquisition module 13 carries out collection and the record of mechanical test data.Utilize the ice sheet that vernier caliper measurement obtains length and
Diameter, is processed by calculating and draws corresponding adhesion strength numerical value.Calculating process is same as in Example 1.
Embodiment 3
The size of the cylindrical experimental piece chosen is: long 160mm, diameter 10mm.Experimental piece material is high molecular polymer
(politef) material.
The freezing temperature set is as-5 DEG C, and the pressure of airflow pipe is 0.6MPa, the pressure of pure water conveyance conduit
For 0.3MPa, the actual performance description of shower nozzle draw a diameter of 10 μm of corresponding liquid water droplets.Set freezing time as 9 points
Clock.Cooling time after icing is 5 minutes.
1) appropriate section of whole device debugged and check: device regulates the reliability detection of switch, configuration
In the testing results of king's monitoring programme, data acquisition module and the detection of various kinds of sensors reliability, machine driven system coaxially
Degree detection and motor positive and inverse are arranged.
2) utilizing shaft coupling 6 to be connected with axle 7 experimental piece 5 one end, the other end is connected with rotating fixing axle, and somewhat
Stretching in the hole rotating fixing axle, experimental piece 5 can rotate freely in clamping device 2 and slide.
3) close couveuse 4, open liquid nitrogen pipes switch and the switch of airflow pipe 17, regulate airflow pipe
17 control switch ensures that supply gas pressure is 0.6MPa, and regulation liquid nitrogen pipes switch starts refrigeration.Adjust pulling-pressing force simultaneously
Sensor 8, screw rod 9 and locking nut 10, open motor 11 and switch, and makes experimental piece 5 only be rotated and not carry out
Linear motion.
4) when couveuse 4 internal temperature drops to-5 DEG C, open the switch of water conveyance conduit 18, regulate water conveyance conduit 18
Pressure be 0.3MPa, and start to record freezing time, regulation liquid nitrogen pipes switch makes couveuse 4 keep temperature constant, makes reality
Testing and freeze on part 5, the persistent period that freezes is 9 minutes.
5) treating that freezing process terminates, stop supply and supply water, regulation liquid nitrogen pipes switch continues to keep protecting step in making incubator 4
Freezing temperature in rapid 3, the freezing after freezing, cooling time is 5 minutes；
6) pulling-pressing force sensor 8, screw rod 9 and locking nut 10 are adjusted, fixing locking nut 10, make experimental piece 5 only enter
Row moves along a straight line and is not rotated；Regulation motor 11, makes motor 11 keep rotating forward.Utilize computer 12 He
Intelligent acquisition module 13 carries out collection and the record of mechanical test data.Utilize the ice sheet that vernier caliper measurement obtains length and
Diameter, is processed by calculating and draws corresponding adhesion strength numerical value.Calculating process is same as in Example 1.
The concrete application approach of the present invention is a lot, and the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for
For those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, it is also possible to make some improvement, this
A little improvement also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a rotating cylindrical freezes and the experimental provision of ice sheet adhesion measurement, it is characterised in that: include refrigeration system, machinery
Drive system, water injection system and data collecting system；Described, refrigeration system include couveuse (4) and by cooling pipeline with
The cooling apparatus of the internal connection of couveuse (4)；Experimental piece (5) is placed on couveuse (4) inside and is connected with mechanical drive system,
Mechanical drive system drives experimental piece (5) for linear motion and rotary motion；Water injection system includes nozzle, airflow pipe
(17) and water conveyance conduit (18), airflow pipe (17) and water conveyance conduit (18) are concurrently accessed nozzle, nozzle is arranged on
On couveuse (4) wall；Data collecting system includes pulling-pressing force sensor (8), temperature sensor (15), pressure transducer
(14), intelligent acquisition module (13), computer (12), pulling-pressing force sensor (8) is arranged in mechanical drive system, temperature pass
It is internal that sensor (15) is arranged on couveuse (4), and pressure transducer (14) is separately mounted to airflow pipe (17) and water conveying
On pipeline (18), pulling-pressing force sensor (8), temperature sensor (15), pressure transducer (14) are all by intelligent acquisition module
(13) computer (12) it is connected to；Described mechanical drive system includes experimental piece clamping device (2), shaft coupling (6), axle (7), spiral shell
Bar (9), locking nut (10), motor (11) and motor driver；One end of described experimental piece (5) be arranged on insulation
The clamping device (2) of case (4) interior side is connected, and the other end is connected on axle (7) by shaft coupling (6), outside from axle (7)
It is connected with again pulling-pressing force sensor (8), screw rod (9), locking nut (10), motor (11) in turn；The described dual pathways can
The range hydraulic pressure of regulation liquid water droplets diameter nozzle (16):, air pressure range:, aqueous water
Drip diameter MVD adjustable extent:。
The experimental provision that a kind of rotating cylindrical the most according to claim 1 freezes and ice sheet adhesion is measured, its feature exists
In: described cooling apparatus is liquid nitrogen container (1).
The experimental provision that a kind of rotating cylindrical the most according to claim 1 freezes and ice sheet adhesion is measured, its feature exists
In: described nozzle is dual pathways adjustable liquid drop diameter nozzle (16), and the water in nozzle, feed channel use concentric
Dual cylinders pipeline, and interior pipeline is waterpipe, outer pipeline is feed channel.
The experimental provision that a kind of rotating cylindrical the most according to claim 1 freezes and ice sheet adhesion is measured, its feature exists
In: described nozzle is arranged on couveuse (4) top wall.
The experimental provision that a kind of rotating cylindrical the most according to claim 1 freezes and ice sheet adhesion is measured, its feature exists
In: described intelligent acquisition module (13) includes temperature signal collection module, water route, airline pressure signal acquisition module, drawing and pressing type
The pressure signal acquisition module of force transducer.
The experimental provision that a kind of rotating cylindrical the most according to claim 1 freezes and ice sheet adhesion is measured, its feature exists
In: described pulling-pressing force sensor (8) is 10VDC for bridge voltage, and precision is, sensitivity is 2mV/V.
The experimental provision that a kind of rotating cylindrical the most according to claim 1 freezes and ice sheet adhesion is measured, its feature exists
In: described temperature sensor (15) is platinum resistance temperature sensor, and quantity is 6.
8. use a kind of rotating cylindrical described in claim 1 to 7 any one claim to freeze and ice sheet adhesion is measured
Experimental provision carry out freeze with ice sheet adhesion measure method, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:
1) utilizing shaft coupling (6) to be connected with axle (7) experimental piece (5) one end, the other end is connected with clamping device (2), real
Test part (5) to rotate freely in clamping device (2) and slide；
2) regulation mechanical drive system, makes experimental piece (5) only be rotated and not move along a straight line；Close couveuse
(4), opening refrigeration system switch and air supply valve, regulation supply gas pressure is 0.2MPa～0.6MPa, starts refrigeration；
3) when couveuse (4) internal temperature reaches the setting freezing temperature value of experiment, opening Water supply switch valve, regulation is for hydraulic pressure
Power is 0.1MPa～0.3MPa, and regulation refrigeration system switch makes couveuse (4) keep temperature constant, makes the upper icing of experimental piece (5),
Starting to record freezing time, the persistent period that freezes is 8 ~ 10 minutes；
4) treating that freezing process terminates, stop supply and supply water, regulation refrigeration system switch continues to keep step in making couveuse (4)
3) freezing temperature in, the freezing after freezing, cooling time is 4 ~ 6 minutes；
5) adjust mechanical drive system, make experimental piece (5) stop the rotation motion start single linear motion, ice sheet is pressed
Contracting, utilizes computer (12) and intelligent acquisition module (13) to carry out mechanical test experimental data and includes air line pressure, water pipe
Road pressure, couveuse internal temperature, the collection of force value of pulling-pressing force sensor and record, the pressure of pulling-pressing force sensor
Value is the shear adhesion of ice；Measure length and the experimental piece diameter obtaining ice sheet, processed by calculating and draw corresponding gluing
Attached strength values, the contact area that the length of the diameter and ice sheet that i.e. first pass through experimental piece obtains between ice and experimental piece, so
After find out the maximum of shear adhesion of ice, then the maximum of shear adhesion is the shearing of ice with the ratio of contact area
Adhesion strength；
Specifically it is calculated as follows:
Wherein:For the contact area of ice Yu experimental piece,；For experimental piece diameter,；For the length of ice sheet,；For the shear adhesion intensity of ice,；For the maximum of the shear adhesion of ice,。
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