CN103771966A - Method for producing secondary element fertilizer from silica fume - Google Patents
Method for producing secondary element fertilizer from silica fume Download PDFInfo
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- CN103771966A CN103771966A CN201310708529.4A CN201310708529A CN103771966A CN 103771966 A CN103771966 A CN 103771966A CN 201310708529 A CN201310708529 A CN 201310708529A CN 103771966 A CN103771966 A CN 103771966A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing a secondary element fertilizer from silica fume. The method mainly comprises the steps of mixing the silica fume, gypsum, dolomite and the like, and additives I and II and the like together in a certain ratio, and then preparing a compound fertilizer mainly containing secondary elements such as calcium, silicon, magnesium and sulfur through the steps of stirring, drying, molding, roasting, cooling, ball milling and the like. The total effective nutrients in the fertilizer are greater than 60%, wherein effective calcium oxide is greater than 25%, effective silicon dioxide is greater than 20%, effective magnesium oxide is greater than 5% and effective sulfur trioxide is greater than 5%; besides, the fertilizer contains a plurality of trace elements and is weakly alkaline. The production raw materials adopted by the method most are natural mineral substances which are convenient to obtain, low in cost and the like; the obtained product can be used for regulating the physicochemical properties of acidic or saline-alkali soil and comprehensively increasing the level of secondary and trace elements, and is a natural mineral substance compound fertilizer which is high in application value and market promotion potential.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to new-type fertilizer field, belong to agricultural sciences.Be specifically related to a kind of method of utilizing SILICA FUME to produce secondary nutrients.
Background technology
SILICA FUME is also silicon ash or is claimed cohesion silicon ash, be iron alloy in the time of smelting duriron and industrial silicon (Pure Silicon Metal), in ore-smelting furnace, produce silicon-dioxide and silicon gas that a large amount of volatility are very strong, after gaseous emission, contact with air, be oxidized rapidly condensation and precipitate and form.After 2009, due to the increase of domestic newly-built ferrosilicon, industrial silicon furnace quantity, SILICA FUME output rises rapidly, and SILICA FUME is initially located in the condition of nobody shows any interest in.The SILICA FUME of bulk deposition, has caused huge environmental stress to enterprise, has also taken a large amount of soils.Outward appearance gray or the canescence of SILICA FUME, Powdered, refractory temperature >1600 ℃.Unit weight is in 1600～1700 kilograms per cubic meter.In SILICA FUME, granularity is less than accounting for more than 80% of 1um, and median size is at 0.1～0.3um, and specific surface area is up to 20～28m
2/ g.Its fineness and specific surface area are about 80～100 times of cement, are 50～70 times of flyash.SILICA FUME, in the time forming, because be subject to capillary effect in phase transition process, formed noncrystalline mutually amorphous spherical particle, and surface is comparatively smooth, and some is multiple ball particle adhesions coacervates together.It is very large, the active very high volcanic ash material of a kind of specific surface area.
As far back as 40～fifties, just the comprehensive utilization of SILICA FUME is carried out to research work abroad.Main application industry comprises: concrete industry, refractory materials additive, the fields such as metallurgical briquetting auxiliary agent, cement admixture.The research of China in this field is started late, and does not also cause so far too many concern.SILICA FUME also belongs to a kind of industry byproduct of extensive style in China, the potential using value of developing it is significant.Be used at present the aspects such as concrete, refractory materials, Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering, road construction in China more.But SILICA FUME is studied for the rarer people in composting field.Silicon is the needed the fourth-largest element of crop, is only second to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, have the crop of raising resistant to lodging, strengthen plant disease-resistant ability, the effect that improves the setting percentage of farm crop.In SILICA FUME, silicone content is high, active strong, can be used as siliceous fertilizer completely.
Technological line of the present invention is: take SILICA FUME as main raw material, compatibility is with elements such as calcium, magnesium, sulphur, and uses homemade activator, makes the silicon activation in SILICA FUME, produces a kind of weakly alkaline fertilizer take moderate-element silicon, calcium, magnesium, sulphur as nutritive element.It,, for improving moderate-element level in soil and farm crop, suppresses soil acidification and is significant.
The present invention is devoted to improve the resource utilization degree of SILICA FUME.Specifically by add the compounds such as calcium, magnesium, sulphur in SILICA FUME, and adopt homemade low temperature additive, silicon in SILICA FUME is further activated, and together with other component adding, combining together the moderate-elements such as silicon that acid soil is badly in need of, calcium, magnesium, sulphur is main compound manure.
Summary of the invention
SILICA FUME (dioxide-containing silica >=90%), gypsum, rhombspar and a small amount of additive (two kinds of I and II) are admixed in proportion, by operations such as material metering blending, stirring, oven dry, roasting, cooling, pulverizing, packings, obtaining the moderate-elements such as calcium, silicon, magnesium and sulphur is main compound manure.
The present invention adds the component such as gypsum, rhombspar in SILICA FUME, and under the effect that helps additive, make calcium, silicon components activation in SILICA FUME, and together with the calcium in gypsum and rhombspar, sulphur, magnesium, be combined into take calcium, silicon, magnesium, sulphur as main component, with the secondary nutrients of weakly alkaline feature.
Utilize SILICA FUME to produce the method for secondary nutrients, raw materials for production are in mass percent (%), by following material composition mixture material:
SILICA FUME 20～80
Gypsum 5～70
Rhombspar 5～65
Help additive I and help additive II 1～5
By said mixture material process ball milling, dry again, forming process, calcination activation, cooling, pulverize, make moderate-element mineral compound fertilizer material, be finally packaged into bag.
In aforesaid method, the described additive I that helps is more than one in potassium felspar sand, white mica, illite or salt of wormwood.
In aforesaid method, the described additive II that helps is more than one in saltcake, salt or Sodium Fluoride.
In aforesaid method, described in to help the mass ratio between additive I and II be 1:0.5～1:3.
In aforesaid method, described ball milling is less than 0.10mm for mixture is milled to particle diameter.
In aforesaid method, described oven dry is that mixture is dried to water ratio and is less than 6%.
In aforesaid method, described forming process is that to become particle diameter be the spherolite of 1～2cm by the mixture forming process after drying.
In aforesaid method, 800～1100 ℃ of the maturing temperatures of described calcination activation, roasting time is 0.5～4 hour.
In calcining matter, effectively dioxide-containing silica reaches 20%～30%, effective CaO 25～35%, the effectively content 5～9% of MgO, SO
3content 5～10%, and contain the needed micronutrients of farm crop such as Fe, P, Mn, pH=9.00～12.00, heavy metal content reaches agricultural flyash state quality standard.It is the compound manure that a kind of applicable Acid soil uses.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention comprises:
(1) fully utilize the composition characteristic of this solid waste of SILICA FUME, embodied resources circulation and the efficient scientific idea of utilizing.
(2) utilized additive I and II, the decomposition temperature that can make SILICA FUME under this system drops to 800～1100 ℃ from traditional 1200 ℃.
(3) in the compound manure of producing, moderate-element component is complete, can reach the effect of balance fertilizing.
(4) from burned material, take temperature containing of heavy metal, and heavy metal content all, well below agricultural flyash state quality standard, can not cause secondary pollution to environment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 utilizes SILICA FUME to prepare secondary nutrients process flow diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
embodiment 1
Certain fertilizer company is a scale state owned enterprise of producing NpK complex fertilizer.Adopt this explained hereafter secondary nutrients, its technical process as shown in Figure 1, the material combination (by mass percentage) adopting is: SILICA FUME 60%, gypsum 27%, rhombspar 12%, helping additive I and II add-on is 1%, and wherein helping additive I is potassium felspar sand+white mica (mass ratio 1:1); Helping additive II is saltcake+salt (mass ratio 1:1), and helping the weight consumption ratio between additive I and II is 1:1.Its technical process is: above-mentioned mineral raw material is fully mixed, and be milled to particle diameter and be less than 0.074mm; Then mixture is dried to water ratio and be less than 5%; Dry powder forming process and become the spherolite of the about 2cm of particle diameter, and enter in activation kiln and carry out roasting, temperature is controlled at 900 ℃, roasting time 1 hour.Cooling, pulverizing that spherolite after activation carries out, can be made into moderate-element mineral compound fertilizer material.Wherein learn by the check of third party's composition: the available nutrient in the fertilizer of production is greater than 72%, and wherein the efficient oxidation calcium is greater than 27%, effectively silicon-dioxide is greater than 22%, and the efficient oxidation magnesium is greater than 6%, and effectively sulphur trioxide is greater than 6%, and contains various trace elements.The pH=9.5 of product, production cost can be controlled in below 550 yuan/ton, is a kind of mineral compound fertilizer material that contains multiple moderate-element.And heavy metal content is far below national standard.
Heavy metal content in the target product that in table 1 the present embodiment, gained dispatches from the factory and national standard contrast
| Project | On acid soil (pH < 6.5) | On neutral and alkaline soil (pH > 6.5) | Target product observed value |
| Total cadmium (in Cd) | 5 | 10 | 0.3 |
| Total arsenic (in As) | 75 | 75 | <3 |
| Total molybdenum (in Mo) | 10 | 10 | <0.9 |
| Total selenium (in Se) | 15 | 15 | - |
| Total nickel (in Ni) | 200 | 300 | - |
| Total chromium (in Cr) | 250 | 500 | 7 |
| Total copper (in Cu) | 250 | 500 | 2 |
| Total plumbous (in Pb) | 250 | 500 | 15 |
| PH value | 10.0 | 8.7 | 9.5 |
embodiment 2
Shanxi fertilizer company adopts the material compatibility (by percentage to the quality) of this explained hereafter secondary nutrients to be: SILICA FUME 57%, gypsum 31%, rhombspar 10%, the add-on that helps additive I and II is 2%, wherein helping additive I is illite+salt of wormwood (mass ratio 1:1); Helping additive II is salt+Sodium Fluoride (mass ratio 1:1), and helping the weight consumption ratio between additive I and II is 1:2.Its technical process is: above-mentioned mineral raw material is fully mixed, and be milled to particle diameter and be less than 0.090mm; Then mixture is dried to water ratio and be less than 6%; Mixture forming process after drying is become to the spherolite of the about 1.5cm of particle diameter, and enter activation and carry out roasting in kiln, temperature is controlled at 950 ℃, roasting time 1.5 hours.Cooling, pulverizing that spherolite after activation carries out, can be made into mineral compound fertilizer material.Wherein learn by the check of third party's composition: the available nutrient in the fertilizer of production is greater than 65%, wherein the efficient oxidation calcium is greater than 31%, and effectively silicon-dioxide is greater than 21%, and the efficient oxidation magnesium is greater than 5.5%, effectively sulphur trioxide is greater than 8.4%, and contains various trace elements.The pH=9.9 of product, production cost can be controlled in below 520 yuan/ton.Be a kind of mineral compound fertilizer material that contains multiple moderate-element, can be used for conditioning or the improvement of acidity or alkaline land soil.
Heavy metal content in the target product dispatching from the factory in table 2 the present embodiment and national standard contrast
| Project | On acid soil (pH < 6.5) | On neutral and alkaline soil (pH > 6.5) | Target product observed value |
| Total cadmium (in Cd) | 5 | 10 | 0.4 |
| Total arsenic (in As) | 75 | 75 | <4.5 |
| Total molybdenum (in Mo) | 10 | 10 | <1.2 |
| Total selenium (in Se) | 15 | 15 | - |
| Total nickel (in Ni) | 200 | 300 | - |
| Total chromium (in Cr) | 250 | 500 | 8 |
| Total copper (in Cu) | 250 | 500 | 2.5 |
| Total plumbous (in Pb) | 250 | 500 | 19 |
| PH value | 10.0 | 8.7 | 9.9 |
embodiment 3
Guangdong fertilizer company is a kind of large-scale private enterprise that produces soil conditioner.Adopt this explained hereafter secondary nutrients, production cost has declined nearly 51%, the material combination (by percentage to the quality) adopting is: SILICA FUME 63%, gypsum 15%, rhombspar 21%, helping additive I and II add-on is 1%, and wherein helping additive I is illite+white mica (mass ratio 1:1); Helping additive II is saltcake+Sodium Fluoride (mass ratio 1:1), and helping the weight consumption ratio between additive I and II is also 1:2.75.Its technical process is: above-mentioned mineral raw material is fully mixed, and be milled to particle diameter and be less than 0.074mm; Then mixture is dried to water ratio and be less than 5%; By the mixture forming process after drying, to become particle diameter be the spherolite of 2cm, and enter in activation kiln and carry out roasting, and temperature is controlled at 1050 ℃, roasting time 40 minutes.Cooling, pulverizing that spherolite after activation carries out, can be made into mineral compound fertilizer material.Wherein learn by the check of third party's composition: the available nutrient in the fertilizer of production is greater than 63%, and wherein the efficient oxidation calcium is greater than 27%, effectively silicon-dioxide is greater than 22%, and the efficient oxidation magnesium is greater than 6%, and effectively sulphur trioxide is greater than 8%, and contains various trace elements.The pH=9.6 of product, production cost can be controlled in 530 yuan/ton.It is a kind of mineral compound fertilizer material that contains multiple moderate-element.Can nurse one's health the soil of southern area acidifying, supplement the moderate-element nutrition composition lacking in soil.
Heavy metal content in the target product dispatching from the factory in table 3 the present embodiment and national standard contrast
| Project | On acid soil (pH < 6.5) | On neutral and alkaline soil (pH > 6.5) | Target product observed value |
| Total cadmium (in Cd) | 5 | 10 | 0.8 |
| Total arsenic (in As) | 75 | 75 | <4 |
| Total molybdenum (in Mo) | 10 | 10 | <1.2 |
| Total selenium (in Se) | 15 | 15 | - |
| Total nickel (in Ni) | 200 | 300 | - |
| Total chromium (in Cr) | 250 | 500 | 7 |
| Total copper (in Cu) | 250 | 500 | 3 |
| Total plumbous (in Pb) | 250 | 500 | 17 |
| PH value | 10.0 | 8.7 | 9.6 |
Claims (8)
1. utilize SILICA FUME to produce the method for secondary nutrients, it is characterized in that, raw materials for production are in mass percent (%), by following material composition mixture material:
SILICA FUME 20～80
Gypsum 5～70
Rhombspar 5～65
Help additive I and help additive II 1～5
By said mixture material process ball milling, dry again, forming process, calcination activation, cooling, pulverize, make moderate-element mineral compound fertilizer material, be finally packaged into bag.
2. a kind of SILICA FUME of utilizing according to claim 1 is produced the method for secondary nutrients, it is characterized in that, the described additive I that helps is more than one in potassium felspar sand, white mica, illite or salt of wormwood.
3. a kind of SILICA FUME of utilizing according to claim 1 is produced the method for secondary nutrients, it is characterized in that, the described additive II that helps is more than one in saltcake, salt or Sodium Fluoride.
4. a kind of SILICA FUME of utilizing according to claim 1 is produced the method for secondary nutrients, it is characterized in that, described in to help the mass ratio between additive I and II be 1:0.5～1:3.
5. a kind of method of utilizing SILICA FUME to produce secondary nutrients according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described ball milling is less than 0.10mm for mixture is milled to particle diameter.
6. a kind of SILICA FUME of utilizing according to claim 1 is produced the method for secondary nutrients, it is characterized in that, described oven dry is that mixture is dried to water ratio and is less than 6%.
7. a kind of SILICA FUME of utilizing according to claim 1 is produced the method for secondary nutrients, it is characterized in that, described forming process is that the mixture forming process after drying is become to particle diameter is the spherolite of 1～2cm.
8. a kind of method of utilizing SILICA FUME to produce secondary nutrients according to claim 1, is characterized in that, 800～1100 ℃ of the maturing temperatures of described calcination activation, and roasting time is 0.5～4 hour.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104355934A (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2015-02-18 | 湖南新宇农业科技有限公司 | Secondary element composite fertilizer capable of increasing yield and improving quality and preparation method of secondary element composite fertilizer |
| CN105368454A (en) * | 2014-09-01 | 2016-03-02 | 百米马（天津）有限公司 | Efficient saline-alkali soil repair agent |
| CN110819350A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-02-21 | 广东福利龙复合肥有限公司 | Acid soil remediation improver and preparation method thereof |
| CN115948167A (en) * | 2023-02-11 | 2023-04-11 | 兰州理工大学 | Method for preparing slow-release silicon-based composite soil conditioner by using blast furnace fly ash |
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| CN101792335A (en) * | 2010-03-04 | 2010-08-04 | 华南理工大学 | Method for producing potassium fertilizer and building bricks by using dry method or semi-dry method desulfurization ash |
| CN103183365A (en) * | 2013-04-28 | 2013-07-03 | 雷志刚 | Method for producing potassium sulphate and co-producing calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and silicon composite fertilizer by potassium feldspar |
| CN103483062A (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2014-01-01 | 华南理工大学 | Method for producing secondary element fertilizer from micro silicon powder |
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2013
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Patent Citations (5)
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| CN1974494A (en) * | 2006-12-01 | 2007-06-06 | 华南理工大学 | Process of compounding and roasting desulfurized cinder and potash ore to produce composite K-Ca-Si-S fertilizer |
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| CN105368454A (en) * | 2014-09-01 | 2016-03-02 | 百米马（天津）有限公司 | Efficient saline-alkali soil repair agent |
| CN104355934A (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2015-02-18 | 湖南新宇农业科技有限公司 | Secondary element composite fertilizer capable of increasing yield and improving quality and preparation method of secondary element composite fertilizer |
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| CN115948167A (en) * | 2023-02-11 | 2023-04-11 | 兰州理工大学 | Method for preparing slow-release silicon-based composite soil conditioner by using blast furnace fly ash |
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Application publication date: 20140507 |